A grass seed harvester cleaning screen capable of rapid replacement and adjustment and a replacement and adjustment method thereof

Abstract

The present invention aims at the problem that the fixed cleaning screen on the existing forage seed combine harvester has stable stiffness but cannot clean seeds of different particle sizes, and the replaceable cleaning screen only solves the problem of difficult replacement and the stiffness coefficient is unstable, making it difficult to harvest grass seeds of various particle sizes and specific gravities on one machine. The present invention proposes a cleaning screen for a grass seed harvester that can be quickly replaced and adjusted and a replacement and adjustment method thereof. The device designed by the present invention can realize rapid replacement and use a unique pressing mechanism to press the replaced cleaning screen, so that the stiffness parameter of the cleaning screen, which is the most difficult to adjust, can be adjusted according to the vibration parameters required by the screening assembly, and the vibration screening needs of forage seeds of different particle sizes and specific gravities can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forage harvesting, and in particular to a grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted, and a replacement and adjustment method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Combine harvesters are currently widely used for harvesting forage seeds in my country. The screening device is a key component, separating the harvested forage seeds, threshed segments, and straw. Various forage seeds have diverse morphologies and differing geometric properties. This variability necessitates frequent replacement of the vibrating screening screens to harvest different forage seed types. This necessitates a fast-changing vibrating screening screen in forage seed combine harvesters to accommodate the harvesting of niche forage seeds, especially in areas with limited plantings, which presents challenges for mechanized harvesting. Currently, replacing the screening screen in a forage seed combine harvester requires disassembling the entire screening assembly. This makes the replacement process not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also dangerous. Furthermore, the assembly quality, mass, and rigidity of the entire device are altered after replacement. This can lead to discrepancies between the vibration parameters of the screening screen and those required for sorting, resulting in poor sorting results. Therefore, a quick-change cleaning screen device for a forage seed machine is needed, which can adjust the stiffness and damping characteristics according to the mass change of the vibrating screen while minimizing the disassembly of parts, thereby ensuring that the cleaning screen has appropriate vibration parameters and the working quality of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention addresses the difficulty in replacing the cleaning screens on existing forage seed combine harvesters, which are mostly fixed structures. After replacing different types of screens, the vibration parameters change, making it difficult to harvest multiple grass seeds on one machine. If traditional replaceable screens are used, although the problem of difficult replacement is solved, it brings about the problems of uncontrollable stiffness of the cleaning screen and unadjustable vibration parameters. To address the above problems, a grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted and a replacement and adjustment method thereof are invented, which can achieve multi-purpose use of one machine and can adjust the stiffness parameters of the cleaning screen, which are the most difficult to adjust, according to operating parameters.

[0004] The present invention provides a grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted, and a replacement and adjustment method thereof, and the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] A grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted, and a replacement and adjustment method thereof, comprising: a body with a drawer-type frame, a locking latch with a trapezoidal head provided on the inner side of the body, a spring provided between the locking latch and the body, cleaning screen slots provided on both sides of the body for sliding side screen frames, oblique ears extending obliquely outward at the ends of the cleaning screen slots, an axial hole provided on the oblique ears, two holes provided on the right-angle handle, the axial hole of the oblique ear hinged to the right-angle handle through a rotating shaft, a roller hinged to one end of the right-angle handle through a roller shaft, a woven screen plate assembled with an inner screen frame, an outer screen frame and two side screen frames installed on four sides, longitudinal locking and preload stiffness adjustment devices provided on the inner screen frame and the outer screen frame, and transverse anti-deformation stiffness adjustment devices provided on the two side screen frames.

[0006] The longitudinal locking and preload stiffness adjustment device includes: at least three threaded barrels installed on the side of the inner screen frame. The inner wall of the threaded barrel is threaded and has a threaded hole perpendicular to the thread for screwing in a stud. The threaded barrel contains a non-circular screw with a non-cylindrical cross-section. The non-circular screw is nested with a return cap at the end away from the threaded barrel. A conical head is fixed to one end of the non-circular screw. The return cap, conical head, and locking latch cooperate to achieve locking and unlocking of one end of the cleaning screen. A hook is installed at the junction of the outer screen frame and the two side screen frames. The hook has an inverted S-shaped arc surface that can form a high-pair contact with the roller.

[0007] The structure of the lateral anti-deformation stiffness adjustment device includes: the cross-section of the side screen frame has a C-shaped groove section, the interior of the C-shaped groove section is provided with an anti-deformation bow with a bow-shaped structure, the anti-deformation bow is fixedly connected to the metal wire extending laterally from the woven screen piece, and when the woven screen piece is tensioned, the anti-deformation bow can ensure that the metal wire in the middle has greater tension under the action of the anti-deformation structure, the adjustment slider is fixedly connected to one end of the anti-deformation bow, the limiting shaft is fixed across the C-shaped groove section at one end of the side screen frame, a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the limiting shaft, and the adjusting bolt passes through the threaded hole of the limiting shaft to support the adjustment slider.

[0008] A grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted and a replacement and adjustment method thereof include: a quick installation, fixing and replacement method of the cleaning screen and a vibration parameter adjustment method of the cleaning screen.

[0009] (1) During installation and fixing: the cleaning screen is inserted into the body of the drawer-type frame along the cleaning screen slot, and the conical head installed on the side of the inner screen frame passes through the locking latch with a trapezoidal head provided on the body. The locking latch locks the conical head under the elastic force of the spring and cannot be withdrawn. Then the right-angle handle on the oblique ear at the end of the cleaning screen slot is rotated. The right-angle handle rotates around the rotating shaft and drives the roller shaft at one end of the right-angle handle to rotate a certain angle. The roller on the roller shaft rolls along the inverted S-shaped arc surface on the hook of the outer screen frame. When the normal direction of the roller and the inverted S-shaped arc surface forms a high-pair contact, it is outside the line formed by the rotating shaft and the roller shaft, and the right-angle handle presses against the cleaning screen slot and cannot continue to rotate. The right-angle handle completes two-way self-locking. At this time, the inner screen frame of the cleaning screen is fixed by the locking latch, the outer screen frame is completed by the right-angle handle to complete two-way self-locking, and the two side screen frames are constrained by the cleaning screen slot, completing the installation and fixing of the cleaning screen.

[0010] (2) When replacing: Use external force to turn the right-angle handle outward to drive the roller to turn back toward the cleaning screen, release the lock of the outer screen frame, and then push the cleaning screen toward the inner screen frame, drive the return cap through the locking latch, and then pull the cleaning screen toward the outer screen frame. At this time, the conical head and the return cap fit together to form a structure with conical surfaces on both sides. The locking latch cannot restrain the conical head of the cleaning screen, and the cleaning screen can be removed from the body to complete the replacement.

[0011] Assume that the amplitude of the screen vibration is z(t), the mass of the current screen after replacement is m, the stiffness of the screen is k, and the damping coefficient is c. The function of the amplitude of the screen during vibration changes with time is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Since the screen needs to be replaced when harvesting grass seeds with different geometric shapes, and the main structure of the screen is a woven screen, the different tension levels determine its different stiffness. k After changing the screen, different screens have different stiffness. k As a vibrating component, the vibration characteristics of the screen are the main parameters to achieve its function. This paper aims to solve the problem of stiffness change after vibrating screen replacement and the gradual reduction of the tension of the woven screen.

[0014] (1) Adjustment method of longitudinal vibration parameters of cleaning screen:

[0015] Rotate the non-round screw inside the threaded barrel, adjust the extension length of the non-round screw, and then screw the stud into the threaded barrel so that the adjusted non-round screw cannot rotate, and then fix the cleaning screen to obtain the required tension.

[0016] (2) Method for adjusting the transverse vibration parameters of the cleaning screen:

[0017] Since the material is primarily located in the center of the screen during operation, the center of each screen frame is subjected to the greatest force. By installing a pre-deformed anti-deformation bow inside the side screen frame, the area where the screen frame has the greatest tension becomes an arched structure, ensuring the tension of the woven screen. To adjust the lateral tension of the cleaning screen, turn the adjustment bolt on the limit shaft. The adjustment bolt pushes the adjustment slider, thereby changing the chord length of the anti-deformation bow and adjusting the tension of the woven screen fixed to the anti-deformation bow.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The device designed in the present invention is installed on a forage seed combine harvester, and adopts a drawer-type frame, a side screen frame and a locking latch with a special curved surface of an oblique ear to realize rapid locking of the cleaning screen, thereby improving the replacement efficiency; the extension length of the non-circular screw arranged inside the above-mentioned device can obtain the required tensioning degree of the cleaning screen, and the change of this pre-tightening force can change the stiffness of the woven screen, and then the vibration parameters of the cleaning screen can be adjusted for cleaning grass seeds of different diameters and specific gravities; in order to solve the problem that the tensioning force of different parts of the woven screen gradually decreases after a period of use, the device adopts multiple threaded barrels that can be used to screw in studs of different lengths. This independently adjustable structure can solve the problem of uneven tensioning force in a targeted manner.

[0020] 2. The anti-deformation bow vibration parameter adjustment mechanism of the present invention is designed to solve the problems of difficulty in fixing and adjusting vibration parameters caused by the long longitudinal length of the cleaning screen and the fact that the cleaning screen has been locked in the longitudinal direction. The side screen frame is designed to have an outer rectangular frame and an inner bow-shaped structure. The outer rectangular frame ensures the easy installation of the cleaning screen. The inner reverse-deformed bow structure pulls the woven screen, so that the middle woven screen receives a greater tension. When the cleaning screen is working, the material is mainly located in the center of the screen piece. Therefore, the middle part of each screen frame is subjected to the greatest force. By providing a pre-reverse-deformed anti-deformation bow inside the side screen frame to provide a greater tension, the middle woven screen piece will not have a large deflection when it receives a greater material pressure, effectively ensuring the normal vibration of the cleaning screen. When it is necessary to adjust the lateral tension of the cleaning screen, rotate the adjusting bolt on the limit shaft. The adjusting bolt pushes the adjustment slider to move, thereby changing the chord length of the anti-deformation bow. The tension of the woven screen piece fixed on the anti-deformation bow can be adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the vibrating screen's distal locking mechanism in different states.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the vibrating screen proximal locking mechanism in different states.

[0024] Figure 4This is the structure diagram of the screen frame of the vibrating screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] See also Figure 1 、 2 3.4. The present invention relates to a grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted, and a replacement and adjustment method thereof, comprising a body 025 having a drawer-type frame, a locking latch 027 with a trapezoidal head provided on the inner side of the body 025, a spring 026 provided between the locking latch 027 and the body 025, cleaning screen slots 05 provided on both sides of the body 025 for sliding the side screen frame 01, an oblique ear 051 extending obliquely outward at the end of the cleaning screen slot 05, an axis hole provided on the oblique ear 051, and a right-angle hand. There are two holes on the handle 055. The axial hole of the oblique ear 051 is hinged to the right-angle handle 055 through the rotating shaft 052. The roller 054 is hinged to one end of the right-angle handle 055 through the roller shaft 053. The woven screen 03 is assembled with the inner screen frame 011, the outer screen frame 012 and the two side screen frames 01 installed on the four sides. The two side screen frames 01 are provided with a transverse anti-deformation stiffness adjustment device, and the inner screen frame 011 and the outer screen frame 012 are provided with a longitudinal locking and preload stiffness adjustment device.

[0026] The longitudinal locking and preload stiffness adjustment device includes: at least three threaded barrels 02 mounted on the side of the inner screen frame 011. The inner wall of the threaded barrel 02 is threaded and has a threaded hole perpendicular to the thread for screwing in a stud 021. The threaded barrel 02 contains a non-circular screw 023 with a non-cylindrical cross-section. The non-circular screw 023 is nested with a return cap 024 at the end away from the threaded barrel 02. A conical head 022 is fixed to one end of the non-circular screw 023. The return cap 024, conical head 022, and locking latch 027 cooperate to lock and unlock one end of the cleaning screen. A hook 04 is provided at the junction of the outer screen frame 012 and the two side screen frames 01. The hook 04 has an inverted S-shaped arc surface 041 that forms a high-pair contact with the roller 054.

[0027] In the above embodiment, under the functional condition of the actual locking device position, the position of the hook 04 can be fine-tuned according to the layout of the entire machine, and the roller 054 can be a bearing structure or a solid wheel structure.

[0028] The structure of the lateral anti-deformation stiffness adjustment device includes: the cross section of the side screen frame 01 has a C-shaped groove section 011, the interior of the C-shaped groove section 011 is provided with an anti-deformation bow 012 with a bow-shaped structure, the anti-deformation bow 012 is fixedly connected with the metal wire extending laterally from the woven screen piece 03, when the woven screen piece 03 is tensioned, according to material mechanics, it can be known that the middle part of the side screen frame 01 is deformed more, thereby making the tension force of the woven screen piece 03 in the center part smaller, and the anti-deformation bow 012 is used to make the side screen frame 01 deform in the opposite direction of the woven screen piece 03 It forms a reverse stable arch structure. Under the action of the anti-deformation structure, the woven screen 03 can ensure that the metal wire in the middle has greater tension. The adjustment slider 013 is fixed to one end of the anti-deformation bow 012. The limiting shaft 014 is fixed across the C-shaped groove section 011 at one end of the side screen frame 01. A threaded hole is provided in the middle of the limiting shaft 014. The adjusting bolt 015 passes through the threaded hole of the limiting shaft 014 to support the adjusting slider 013. The curvature of the anti-deformation bow 012 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the tension of the woven screen 03.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the shape of the anti-deformation bow is preferably an arched structure with a smooth curvature, but it can also be a wave structure with multiple bows or other anti-deformation shapes.

[0030] A grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted and a replacement and adjustment method thereof are characterized by comprising: a method for quickly installing, fixing and replacing the cleaning screen and a method for adjusting the vibration parameters of the cleaning screen.

[0031] See also Figure 2 、 3 , the quick installation, fixing and replacement methods of the cleaning screen include:

[0032] During installation and fixing: the cleaning screen is inserted into the drawer-type frame body 025 along the cleaning screen slot 05, and the conical head 022 installed on the side of the inner screen frame 011 passes through the locking latch 027 with a trapezoidal head provided on the body 025. The locking latch 027 locks the conical head 022 under the elastic force of the spring 026 and cannot be withdrawn. Then, the right-angle handle 055 on the end oblique ear 051 of the cleaning screen slot 05 is rotated, and the right-angle handle 055 rotates around the rotating shaft 052 to drive the cleaning screen. The roller shaft 053 at one end of the right-angle handle 055 rotates a certain angle, and the roller 054 on the roller shaft 053 rolls along the inverted S-shaped arc surface 041 on the hook 04 of the outer screen frame 012. When the normal direction of the roller 054 and the inverted S-shaped arc surface 041 forming a high-pair contact is outside the line formed by the rotating shaft 052 and the roller shaft 053, and the right-angle handle 055 presses against the cleaning screen slot 05 and cannot continue to rotate, the right-angle handle 055 completes the two-way self-locking. At this time, the inner screen frame 011 of the cleaning screen is fixed by the locking latch 027, the outer screen frame 012 is completed with a two-way self-locking by the right-angle handle, and the two side screen frames 01 are constrained by the cleaning screen slot 05, completing the installation and fixation of the cleaning screen.

[0033] When replacing: use external force to rotate the right-angle handle 055 outward, drive the roller 054 to rotate back toward the cleaning screen, release the lock of the outer screen frame 012, and then push the cleaning screen toward the inner screen frame 011, drive the return cap 024 through the locking latch 027, and then pull the cleaning screen toward the outer screen frame 012. At this time, the conical head 022 and the return cap 024 fit together to form a structure with conical surfaces on both sides. The locking latch 027 cannot restrain the conical head 022 of the cleaning screen, and the cleaning screen can be removed from the body to complete the replacement.

[0034] See also Figure 2 、 4 , the adjustment methods of vibration parameters of cleaning screen include:

[0035] Assume that the amplitude of the screen vibration is z(t), the mass of the current screen after replacement is m, the stiffness of the screen is k, and the damping coefficient is c. The function of the amplitude of the screen during vibration changes with time is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] Since the screen needs to be replaced when harvesting grass seeds with different geometric shapes, and the main structure of the screen is a woven screen, the different tension levels determine its different stiffness. k After changing the screen, different screens have different stiffness. k As a vibrating component, the vibration characteristics of the screen are the main parameters to achieve its function. This paper aims to solve the problem of stiffness change after vibrating screen replacement and the gradual reduction of the tension of the woven screen.

[0038] Adjustment method of longitudinal vibration parameters of cleaning screen:

[0039] Rotate the non-circular screw 023 inside the threaded barrel 02 to adjust the extension length of the non-circular screw 023, then screw the stud 021 into the threaded barrel 02 so that the adjusted non-circular screw 023 cannot rotate, and then fix the cleaning screen to obtain the required tension.

[0040] Method for adjusting the transverse vibration parameters of the cleaning screen:

[0041] Since the material is mainly located in the center of the screen when the cleaning screen is working, the middle part of each screen frame is subjected to the greatest force. By arranging a pre-reverse-deformed anti-deformation bow 012 inside the side screen frame 01, the part where the screen frame has the greatest tension is an arch structure to ensure the tension of the woven screen 03.

[0042] When the lateral tension of the cleaning screen needs to be adjusted, the adjusting bolt 015 on the limit shaft 014 is rotated, and the adjusting bolt 015 pushes the adjusting slider 013 to move, thereby changing the chord length of the anti-deformation bow 012, and the tension of the woven screen 03 fixed on the anti-deformation bow 012 can be adjusted.

Claims

1. A grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted, characterized in that: include: A machine body with a drawer-type frame, a locking latch with a trapezoidal head is arranged on the inner side of the machine body, a spring is arranged between the locking latch and the machine body, cleaning screen slots are arranged on both sides of the machine body, oblique ears extending obliquely outward are arranged at the ends of the cleaning screen slots, an axial hole is arranged on the oblique ear, two holes are arranged on the right-angle handle, the axial hole of the oblique ear is hinged to the right-angle handle through a rotating shaft, the roller is hinged to one end of the right-angle handle through a roller shaft, the woven screen plate is assembled with the inner screen frame, the outer screen frame and the two side screen frames installed on the four sides, longitudinal locking and preload stiffness adjustment devices are arranged on the inner screen frame and the outer screen frame, and the two side screen frames are provided with transverse anti-deformation stiffness adjustment devices; The structure of the longitudinal locking and preload force stiffness adjustment device includes: at least three threaded barrels are installed on the side of the inner screen frame, the inner wall of the threaded barrel is threaded and a threaded hole is provided in the vertical thread direction for screwing in the stud, a non-circular screw with a non-cylindrical cross-section is provided in the threaded barrel, a return cap is nested at the end of the non-circular screw away from the threaded barrel, a conical head is fixed at one end of the non-circular screw, and the return cap, the conical head and the locking latch cooperate with each other to realize the locking and unlocking of one end of the cleaning screen; a hook is provided at the junction of the outer screen frame and the two side screen frames, and the hook is provided with an inverted S-shaped arc surface that can form a high-pair contact with the roller; The structure of the lateral anti-deformation stiffness adjustment device includes: the cross-section of the side screen frame has a C-shaped groove section, the interior of the C-shaped groove section is provided with an anti-deformation bow with a bow-shaped structure, the anti-deformation bow is fixedly connected to the metal wire extending laterally from the woven screen plate, and when the woven screen plate is tensioned, the anti-deformation bow can ensure that the metal wire in the middle has a greater tension under the action of the anti-deformation structure, the adjustment slider is fixedly connected to one end of the anti-deformation bow, the limiting shaft is fixed across the C-shaped groove section at one end of the side screen frame, a threaded hole is provided in the middle of the limiting shaft, and the adjusting bolt passes through the threaded hole of the limiting shaft to support the adjustment slider.

2. The method for replacing and adjusting the grass seed harvester cleaning screen that can be quickly replaced and adjusted as described in claim 1, characterized in that: (1) When installing and fixing: the cleaning screen is inserted into the body of the drawer-type frame along the cleaning screen slot, the conical head installed on the side of the inner screen frame passes through the locking latch with a trapezoidal head set on the body to lock the conical head, and then the right-angle handle on the oblique ear at the end of the cleaning screen slot is turned to drive the roller shaft at one end of the right-angle handle to rotate a certain angle, and the roller on the roller shaft rolls along the reverse S-shaped arc surface on the hook of the outer screen frame. When the normal direction of the roller and the reverse S-shaped arc surface forming a high-pair contact is on the outside of the line formed by the rotating shaft and the roller shaft, and the right angle The handle is pressed against the cleaning screen slot and cannot be rotated further, and the right-angle handle completes bidirectional self-locking; at this time, the inner and outer screen frames of the cleaning screen are bidirectionally self-locked, and the two side screen frames are constrained by the cleaning screen slot, completing the installation and fixation of the cleaning screen; (2) When replacing: use external force to turn the right-angle handle outward to drive the roller to turn back toward the cleaning screen, release the lock of the outer screen frame, and then push the cleaning screen toward the inner screen frame, drive the return cap to pass through the locking latch, and then pull the cleaning screen toward the outer screen frame. The cleaning screen can be removed from the body to complete the replacement.

3. The method for replacing and adjusting the cleaning screen according to claim 2, characterized in that: Assuming that the amplitude of the screen vibration is z(t), the mass of the current screen after replacement is m, the stiffness of the screen is k, and the damping coefficient is c, the function of the amplitude of the screen changing with time during vibration is as follows: ； Since the screen needs to be replaced when harvesting grass seeds of different geometric shapes, and the main structure of the screen is a woven screen, the different tension levels determine its different stiffness. k Possibility of changing the screen, different screens have different stiffness k ; (1) Method for adjusting the longitudinal vibration parameters of the cleaning screen: rotate the non-circular screw inside the threaded barrel, adjust the extension length of the non-circular screw, and then screw the stud into the threaded barrel so that the non-circular screw cannot rotate after adjustment, and then fix the cleaning screen to obtain the required tension; (2) Method for adjusting the transverse vibration parameters of the cleaning screen: Since the material is mainly located in the center of the screen when the cleaning screen is working, the middle part of each screen frame is subjected to the greatest force. By setting a pre-reverse-deformed anti-deformation bow inside the side screen frame, the part where the screen frame has the maximum tension is an arch structure to ensure the tension of the woven screen; when it is necessary to adjust the transverse tension of the cleaning screen, turn the adjusting bolt on the limit shaft, and the adjusting bolt pushes the adjusting slider to move, thereby changing the chord length of the anti-deformation bow, and the tension of the woven screen fixed on the anti-deformation bow can be adjusted.

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