A reverse arch blasting device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of blasting technology, and provides a reverse arch blasting device suitable for low blasting pressure and capable of effectively avoiding installation errors, comprising an upper clamp, a lower clamp, and a reverse arch blasting disc arranged between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, wherein the middle portion of the lower clamp is provided with a first through hole for facilitating the reverse arch blasting disc to sense system pressure, the middle portion of the upper clamp is provided with a second through hole for exhausting air when the reverse arch blasting disc explodes, and the reverse arch blasting disc is provided with at least one indentation which can first produce plastic deformation due to the internal air pressure of the use system and eventually cause the overall arch to become unstable and flip over.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blasting, in particular to a reverse arch blasting device. Background Art

[0002] A reverse-arch blasting device uses an internal arched rupture disc installed in an inverted configuration. It is suitable for both high and low burst pressure applications. When the reverse-arch rupture disc is thicker, it is suitable for high burst pressure applications; when it is thinner, it is suitable for low burst pressure applications. Sometimes, thicker reverse-arch rupture discs are used, and a deep weakened groove is carved into the disc to reduce the burst pressure. However, if the blasting pressure in the application site of the reverse arch blasting device is too low, the required thickness of the reverse arch blasting disc is too thin, and the corresponding production cost will increase or even be impossible to produce. In this case, if a thicker reverse arch blasting disc is used, the processing of the weak groove on it must also make the thickness of the reverse arch blasting disc at the location of the weak groove very thin, so as to ensure that the internal stress of the reverse arch blasting disc reaches the ultimate strength of the material itself under the action of the designed lower blasting pressure, resulting in explosion. As a result, the processing of the weak groove is also difficult, thereby limiting the application of the reverse arch blasting device in places with lower blasting pressure.

[0003] Since the reverse-arch blasting disc inside the reverse-arch blasting device must be installed in a reverse-arch state to ensure that it can play its due role in places with lower blasting pressure, during the actual installation process, installers often install the reverse-arch blasting disc in a normal-arch state. However, the blasting pressure required in the normal-arch state is often higher than the blasting pressure in the reverse-arch state, making it difficult for the reverse-arch blasting device to play its due role and may even cause an accident. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a reverse-arch blasting device that is suitable for low blasting pressure and can effectively avoid installation errors.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention discloses a reverse arch blasting device, comprising an upper clamp, a lower clamp and a reverse arch blasting disc arranged between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, wherein the middle portion of the lower clamp is provided with a first through hole for facilitating the reverse arch blasting disc to sense the internal air pressure of the use system, the middle portion of the upper clamp is provided with a second through hole for exhausting air when the reverse arch blasting disc explodes, and the reverse arch blasting disc is provided with at least one indentation which can first produce plastic deformation due to the internal air pressure of the use system and eventually cause the overall arch to become unstable and flip over.

[0006] A further improvement is that the reverse-arched bursting disc is further provided with a weak groove for ensuring that the reverse-arched bursting disc explodes and the blasting opening area is guaranteed when the reverse-arched bursting disc is unstable and flipped over.

[0007] A further improvement is that: the reverse dome rupture disc is further provided with a plurality of first positioning holes for positioning the indentations during installation.

[0008] A further improvement is that: the upper and lower ends of the reverse arch bursting disc are respectively provided with an outlet side pressure ring and an inlet side pressure ring, which can perform a hard sealing effect on the reverse arch bursting disc and the upper and lower clamps when subjected to the clamping pressure of the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and the outlet side pressure ring and the inlet side pressure ring are respectively provided with second positioning holes, the number and position of which correspond to the number and position of each of the first positioning holes.

[0009] A further improvement is that: the lower holder is further provided with a blasting direction indicator for indicating the blasting direction of the reverse-arched blasting disc and preventing the reverse-arched blasting disc from being installed in reverse.

[0010] A further improvement is that: the upper part of the lower clamp is provided with positioning pins whose number and position correspond to the number and position of each first positioning hole and are used to position and install the reverse arch bursting disc, the outlet side pressure ring and the inlet side pressure ring, and each of the positioning pins is respectively matched and connected with each of the first positioning holes and each of the second positioning holes with corresponding positions.

[0011] A further improvement is that the upper clamp and the lower clamp are respectively provided with mounting holes whose number and positions correspond to the number and positions of the positioning pins and are used to accommodate the mounting of the positioning pins, and each mounting hole is cooperatively connected with each positioning pin.

[0012] A further improvement is that: the upper part of the lower clamp is further provided with a boss which can be used to improve the hard sealing effect of the outlet side pressure ring and the inlet side pressure ring.

[0013] A further improvement is that the upper end of the upper clamp and the lower end of the lower clamp are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange for clamping the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and the upper flange and the lower flange are connected by connecting bolts.

[0014] A further improvement is that a J-shaped hook is fixed on the lower clamp and is matched with the lower flange to prevent the upper clamp and the lower clamp from being incorrectly installed when being installed.

[0015] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The indentation facilitates plastic deformation of the arch at the indentation of the reverse-arched bursting disc, which ultimately causes the arch to become unstable and flip over. Under the action of the arch instability and flipping, the weak groove can enable the reverse-arched bursting disc to explode under a pressure lower than the ultimate strength of the material itself, making the present invention also suitable for places with lower blasting pressure.

[0017] 2. The weakened groove helps the reverse-arch rupture disc to generate cracks under the action of its arch instability and overturning, ensuring that the reverse-arch rupture disc explodes under the action of its arch instability pressure and that the opening area of ​​the explosion is guaranteed, thereby effectively reducing the generation of explosion fragments.

[0018] 3. The positioning pin helps to position and install the reverse-arched bursting disc, the outlet-side pressure ring and the inlet-side pressure ring. When combined with the blasting direction indicator, it can also ensure the positioning and installation of the indentation.

[0019] 4. The blasting direction indicator helps prevent the reverse installation of the reverse-arched blasting disc and facilitates observation by surrounding personnel from all angles, warning surrounding personnel to avoid passing through the location where the blasting airflow passes, thereby effectively avoiding accidental injuries to personnel.

[0020] 5. The upper boss of the lower clamp is beneficial to reducing the force areas of the outlet side pressure ring, the supporting edge of the reverse arch bursting disc and the inlet side pressure ring under the clamping force from the upper clamp and the lower clamp, which can effectively improve the hard sealing effect of the present invention.

[0021] 6. The J-shaped hook and the upper boss of the lower clamp are both helpful in preventing the upper clamp and the lower clamp from being incorrectly swapped during installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the reverse dome shaped bursting disc of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a top view of the reverse dome shaped bursting disc of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the outlet side pressure ring, the inlet side pressure ring and the blasting direction indicator plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the installation structure of the outlet side pressure ring, the inlet side pressure ring and the reverse arched bursting disc of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the stress state of the right end of the indentation and the reverse arched bursting disc of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is an enlarged view of the stress state of the right end of the indentation of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is an example of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0031] Figure 9 This is an example of the present invention. Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] refer to Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the technical solution adopted in this specific embodiment is:

[0034] A reverse-arch blasting device comprises an upper holder 1, a lower holder 2, and a reverse-arch blasting disc 3 disposed between the upper and lower holders 1 and 2. A first through-hole 4 is provided in the middle of the lower holder 2 to facilitate sensing of the internal air pressure of the system used by the reverse-arch blasting disc 3. A second through-hole 5 is provided in the middle of the upper holder 1 for venting air when the reverse-arch blasting disc 3 blasts. The arch of the reverse-arch blasting disc 3 is provided with at least one indentation 6, which, under the action of the internal air pressure of the system used, can initially undergo plastic deformation and ultimately cause the entire arch to become unstable and flip. In this embodiment, there is one indentation 6, located adjacent to a supporting edge 8 of the reverse-arch blasting disc 3 at the root region 9 of a weakened groove 7. The supporting edge 8 is the planar support portion of the reverse-arch blasting disc 3. The reverse-arch blasting disc 3 in this embodiment is made of stainless steel.

[0035] As we all know, when the internal stress of a plastic material reaches the yield strength of the material itself, it will undergo plastic deformation. Figure 8 Take the plastic material compression rod shown in the figure as an example. When the applied force F causes the stress value on the compression rod to reach its yield strength, the compression rod will produce plastic deformation and begin to bend. At this time, the acting direction of the applied force F begins to deviate from the axis direction of the compression rod, as shown in the figure. Figure 9 As shown in the figure, if the compression rod is continuously subjected to a constant force F, it will eventually buckle and become unstable and fall over as time goes by; if the value of the force F becomes larger and larger and the stress on the compression rod has not yet reached its own ultimate strength, the compression rod will become unstable faster, because at this time the stress on the compression rod has not yet reached its own ultimate strength, and the compression rod itself has not yet suffered damage of a fracture nature.

[0036] From the design principle of the arch, we can know that the main function of the arch is to generate a horizontal component under the action of external load, minimize the bending moment of the arch and let the arch mainly bear pressure. Therefore, the following mainly analyzes the pressure on the arch.

[0037] When Figure 6 When the arch is subjected to the internal air pressure of the system, the supporting edges 8 at both ends of the arch will be subjected to vertical downward forces F4 and F5 respectively. The values ​​of F4 and F5 are equal and both equal to half of the total vertical pressure value of the internal air pressure of the system. The values ​​of F4 and F5 only change with the change of the internal air pressure of the system. From the cross-sectional force analysis, it can be seen that in order to maintain the balance of the arch on the right side of the indentation 6, the right end of the indentation 6 will provide the following to the arch on the right side of the indentation 6: Figure 6 The vertical force F1 and the horizontal force F2 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are the directions of the resultant pressure F3 of the vertical force F1 and the horizontal force F2 along the tangent direction of the arch. Figure 6 As shown in . And because the force action is mutual, the arched portion of the right side of the indentation 6 will also provide a reaction force F3' on the right side end portion of the indentation 6 with the same magnitude and opposite direction as the resultant pressure F3.

[0038] Based on the equivalence and balance of forces, it can be seen that as the design position of the indentation 6 moves from the bottom of the arch to the left root of the arch, the vertical force component F1 at the right end of the indentation 6 will become increasingly larger, while the horizontal force component F2 will become increasingly smaller. Furthermore, since the diameter of the arch at its root is much larger than the arch height in the middle of the arch during design, the change in the value of the horizontal force component F2 is actually very small relative to the change in the value of the vertical force component F1 and can be ignored. Therefore, the horizontal force component F2 can be considered unchanged. Therefore, the resultant pressure F3 exerted by the right end of the indentation 6 on the right arch of the indentation 6 will become increasingly larger. When the indentation 6 reaches the left root of the arch, the resultant pressure F3 reaches its maximum value, and its reaction force F3' also reaches its maximum value. Therefore, the compressive stress value here is theoretically the maximum. However, in actual design, the indentation 6 is located near the root of the arch. Since stress is most concentrated at both ends of the indentation 6, when the arch is subjected to the internal air pressure of the system, the compressive stress is actually greatest at both ends of the indentation 6, rather than at the root of the arch. When this compressive stress reaches the yield strength of the material of the reverse-arched bursting disc 3, the indentation 6 will undergo plastic deformation. Furthermore, because the direction of the reaction force F3' deviates to a greater extent from the original axial direction when the indentation 6 is not provided, the indentation 6 may be the first to undergo plastic deformation, causing the entire arch of the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 to become unstable and flip over.

[0039] The reverse-arched bursting disc 3 is further provided with an arc-shaped semicircular weakening groove 7, which facilitates the generation of cracks developing in the opposite direction to the blasting direction under the action of the arch instability and flipping of the reverse-arched bursting disc 3, so as to ensure that the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 explodes and can ensure the blasting opening area. The weakening groove 7 is located within a position range of 2 to 5 mm from the outer edge of the arch root on the upper end face of the supporting edge 8 of the reverse-arched bursting disc 3. During blasting, the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 will explode along the weakening groove 7. The portion of the arch torn due to the blasting will be affected by the internal air pressure of the use system and rotate toward the root area 9 of the weakening groove 7 and remain at this position, thereby ensuring the opening area of ​​the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 during blasting and effectively reducing the generation of blasting fragments. The designed depth of the weakened groove 7 is such that, in the absence of the indentation 6, the reverse-arch bursting disc 1 remains unexploded when the internal pressure of the system only reaches the arch instability pressure required by the indentation 6. However, under the arch instability reversal effect of the indentation 6, the required bursting pressure is achieved due to the generation of auxiliary cracks in the weakened groove 7. Therefore, the arch instability pressure at this point can be considered the bursting pressure of the present invention. In summary, the arch instability pressure is actually lower than the bursting pressure of the arch material itself, and therefore the present invention is also applicable to applications where the bursting pressure is even lower.

[0040] The supporting edge 8 of the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 is also provided with a plurality of first positioning holes 10 for positioning the indentation 6 during installation. Figure 3 As shown, there are three first positioning holes 10 and the three first positioning holes 10 are arranged non-circularly symmetrically to ensure that the specific installation position of the indentation 6 remains unchanged during each installation.

[0041] The upper and lower ends of the support edge 8 of the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 are further provided with an outlet-side pressure ring 12 and an inlet-side pressure ring 13, respectively, which, when clamped by the upper and lower clamps 1 and 2, can provide a hard seal between the reverse-arched bursting disc 3 and the upper and lower clamps 1 and 2. The outlet-side pressure ring 12 and the inlet-side pressure ring 13 are respectively provided with second positioning holes 14, the number and positions of which correspond to the number and positions of the first positioning holes 10. The lower end surface of the outlet-side pressure ring 12 and the planar upper end surface of the inlet-side pressure ring 13 are both fixedly connected to the reverse-arched bursting disc 1, while the curved upper end surface of the inlet-side pressure ring 13 is in contact with the reverse-arched bursting disc 1.

[0042] The lower holder 2 is also provided with a blasting direction indicator 15 for indicating the blasting direction of the reverse-arched rupture disc 1 and preventing the reverse-arched rupture disc 1 from being installed in reverse. During normal installation, the arched convex surface of the reverse-arched rupture disc 1 faces the pressure-bearing side. Figure 1 If installed in reverse, the arched concave surface will face the pressure side. This will cause the present invention to lose its original blasting effect and may also cause accidents. The blasting direction indicator 15 is three-dimensional and has the blasting airflow direction marked on each end face parallel to the gas blasting direction, making it easy for people around to observe from all angles and warn people around to avoid passing through the blasting airflow, thereby effectively preventing accidental injuries.

[0043] The upper portion of the lower holder 2 is provided with positioning pins 16, the number and position of which correspond to the number and position of each of the first positioning holes 10 and are used to position and install the reverse arch bursting disc 1, the outlet side pressure ring 12 and the inlet side pressure ring 13. Each of the positioning pins 16 is respectively engaged with each of the first positioning holes 10 and each of the second positioning holes 14 at the corresponding position.

[0044] The upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2 are respectively provided with mounting holes 17 , the number and position of which correspond to the number and position of the positioning pins 16 , for accommodating the mounting of the positioning pins 16 , and each mounting hole 17 is cooperatively connected with each positioning pin 16 .

[0045] The upper portion of the lower clamp 2 is further provided with a boss 18 that can be used to improve the hard sealing effect of the outlet side pressure ring 12 and the inlet side pressure ring 13. The boss 18 is beneficial to reducing the force areas of the outlet side pressure ring 12, the supporting edge 8 of the inverted arch bursting disc 1, and the inlet side pressure ring 13 under the clamping force from the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2, which can effectively improve the hard sealing effect of the present invention. If the force area is large, the upper surface of the lower clamp 2 may have a large flatness tolerance value due to machining errors, thereby affecting the sealing effect of the present invention.

[0046] The upper end of the upper clamp 1 and the lower end of the lower clamp 2 are respectively provided with an upper flange 19 and a lower flange 20 for clamping the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2. The upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 are connected by connecting bolts. Washers 21 are also provided at the upper and lower contact ends of the upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 with the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2. When the upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 are locked tighter, the clamping force of the upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 on the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2 is greater, and vice versa. The upper flange 19 and the lower flange 20 also facilitate installation of the present invention on the system in use. The third through hole 22 inside the lower flange 20 is connected to the first through hole 4 of the lower clamp 2, and the fourth through hole 23 inside the upper flange 19 is connected to the second through hole 5 of the upper clamp 1.

[0047] The lower clamp 2 is fixedly provided with a J-shaped hook 24 that is matched with the lower flange 20 and is used to prevent the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 2 from being incorrectly installed during installation.

[0048] Basic Principle: When the internal air pressure of the system of the present invention reaches the designed bursting pressure, the arch of the reverse-arched bursting disc 1 will become unstable and flip. During this flipping process, cracks will be generated in the reverse-arched bursting disc 1 at the weak groove 7. This will assist the reverse-arched bursting disc 1 in bursting along the location of the weak groove 7 at the designed lower bursting pressure, thereby ensuring the opening area of ​​the explosion while reducing the generation of explosive fragments.

[0049] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A reverse-arch blasting device comprising an upper holder, a lower holder, and a reverse-arch blasting disc disposed between the upper and lower holders, wherein the lower holder has a central portion provided with a first through-hole for allowing the reverse-arch blasting disc to sense the internal air pressure of the system in use, and the upper holder has a central portion provided with a second through-hole for exhausting air when the reverse-arch blasting disc explodes, characterized in that: The reverse-arched bursting disc is provided with at least one indentation which, due to the internal air pressure of the use system, can first produce plastic deformation and eventually cause the overall arch to become unstable and flip. The reverse-arched bursting disc is also provided with a weakening groove which is used to ensure that the reverse-arched bursting disc will explode and guarantee the explosion opening area under the unstable flipping effect of the reverse-arched bursting disc. The indentation is located adjacent to the supporting edge of the reverse-arched bursting disc and is located in the root area of ​​the weakening groove.

2. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse-arched bursting disc is also provided with a plurality of first positioning holes for positioning the indentations during installation.

3. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the reverse arch bursting disc are respectively provided with an outlet side pressure ring and an inlet side pressure ring, which can perform a hard sealing effect on the reverse arch bursting disc and the upper and lower clamps when subjected to the clamping pressure of the upper clamper and the lower clamper. The outlet side pressure ring and the inlet side pressure ring are respectively provided with second positioning holes, the number and position of which correspond to the number and position of each of the first positioning holes.

4. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower holder is also provided with a blasting direction indicator plate for indicating the blasting direction of the reverse-arched blasting disc and preventing the reverse-arched blasting disc from being installed in reverse.

5. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper part of the lower clamp is provided with positioning pins, the number and position of which correspond to the number and position of each first positioning hole and are used to position and install the reverse arch bursting disc, the outlet side pressure ring and the inlet side pressure ring, and each of the positioning pins is respectively matched and connected with each of the first positioning holes and each of the second positioning holes in the corresponding position.

6. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper clamp and the lower clamp are respectively provided with mounting holes, the number and position of which correspond to the number and position of the positioning pins and are used to accommodate the positioning pins, and each mounting hole is matched with each positioning pin.

7. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper portion of the lower holder is further provided with a boss which can be used to improve the hard sealing effect of the outlet side pressure ring and the inlet side pressure ring.

8. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper clamper and the lower end of the lower clamper are respectively provided with an upper flange and a lower flange for clamping the upper clamper and the lower clamper, and the upper flange and the lower flange are connected by connecting bolts.

9. The reverse arch blasting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower clamp is fixedly provided with a J-shaped hook which is matched with the lower flange and is used to prevent the upper clamp and the lower clamp from being incorrectly installed when being installed.

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