Fire detection and extinguishing system for home kitchen fires

Abstract

This invention discloses a fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires. The system includes: a signal acquisition device comprising a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a catalytic combustion gas sensor, and a dual-band smoke detector. The temperature sensor acquires the temperature of the household kitchen, the humidity sensor acquires the humidity, the catalytic combustion gas sensor acquires the gas concentration, and the dual-band smoke detector acquires the smoke concentration. A control device performs information fusion processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration to determine whether a fire has occurred in the household kitchen and generates a fire extinguishing control command when a fire occurs. A fire extinguishing device, electrically connected to the control device, receives and executes the fire extinguishing control command. The fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires of this invention has advantages such as low false alarm rate, good real-time data tracking, and fast response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire safety technology, and in particular to a fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires. Background Technology

[0002] Typical fire detection and extinguishing systems include infrared detectors (devices used to detect the location of a fire), fire monitors, cameras (used to confirm the location of the fire, the state of combustion, personnel evacuation, and the status of the fire monitor's spray), and control consoles. These devices have good fire extinguishing performance and are suitable for large public buildings, but they are not suitable for small family kitchens and are expensive.

[0003] Currently, alarm and fire suppression in household kitchens mainly include the following three methods: 1. Using flame detectors, gas detectors, and fire suppression modules to handle open flames in the kitchen, but this device is not suitable for alarming and extinguishing fires in the early smoldering stage. 2. Extinguishing fires by setting up fire extinguishing agent pipelines, cooling water interface pipelines, gas shut-off valve control pipelines, and automatic control pipelines, but this device has a relatively complex structure and focuses primarily on fire suppression. 3. Electrical fire detection and extinguishing devices and their usage methods, mainly focusing on timely alarms via alarm modules when a fire occurs in the household kitchen, with a microprocessor automatically opening valves for fire suppression, but suffering from high false alarm rates, poor reliability, complex structure, and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide a fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires, so as to achieve timely detection and extinguishing of household kitchen fires.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires. The system includes a signal acquisition device, a control device, and a fire extinguishing device. The signal acquisition device includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a catalytic combustion gas sensor, and a dual-band smoke detector. The temperature sensor acquires the temperature of the household kitchen, the humidity sensor acquires the humidity of the household kitchen, the catalytic combustion gas sensor acquires the gas concentration of the household kitchen, and the dual-band smoke detector acquires the smoke concentration of the household kitchen. The control device is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, catalytic combustion gas sensor, and dual-band smoke detector, respectively, and performs information fusion processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration to determine whether a fire has occurred in the household kitchen, and generates a fire extinguishing control command when a fire occurs. The fire extinguishing device is wirelessly connected to the control device and receives and executes the fire extinguishing control command.

[0006] In addition, the fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires according to embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the control device performs information fusion processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration, it is specifically used to: perform fuzzification processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration respectively; obtain a fire state matrix based on a pre-constructed fuzzy relation matrix according to the fuzzified temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration; and obtain a fire state vector according to a pre-constructed confidence vector and the fire state matrix, wherein the elements in the fire state vector are used to determine whether a fire has occurred in the home kitchen.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the control device is specifically used to: via the formula f(t) = MAX{f L (t), f N (t), f H The temperature is fuzzified using the formula f(h) = MAX{f L (h), f N (h), f H (h)} The temperature is fuzzified using the formula f(x)=MAX{f L (x), f N (x), f H (x)} is used to fuzzify the gas concentration, and the equation f(k) = MAX{f L (k), f N (k), f H (k)} blurs the smoke concentration.

[0009] in,

[0010] t represents temperature, h represents humidity, x represents gas concentration, k represents smoke concentration, L represents normal state, N represents higher state, and H represents high state.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the control device obtains the fire state vector based on the pre-constructed confidence vector and the fire state matrix, it is specifically used to: multiply the pre-constructed confidence vector with the fire state matrix to obtain the fire state vector.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device includes: a wireless signal transmission module, a spray module, and a gas shut-off module. The wireless signal transmission module is wirelessly connected to the control device and is used to transmit the fire extinguishing control command; the spray module is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module and is used to perform spraying actions to extinguish the fire according to the fire extinguishing control command; the gas shut-off module is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module and is used to control the disconnection of the gas supply according to the fire extinguishing control command.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the sprinkler module includes: an electromagnetic control valve, a sprinkler pipe, a fire sprinkler head, a flow meter, and an electromagnetic valve control circuit. The inlet end of the sprinkler pipe is mechanically connected to a residential water supply pipe via the electromagnetic control valve; the fire sprinkler head is mechanically connected to the outlet end of the sprinkler pipe; the flow meter is installed on the sprinkler pipe to monitor the flow rate; the electromagnetic valve control circuit is electrically connected to the electromagnetic control valve, the flow meter, and the wireless signal transmission module, respectively, and is used to control the opening degree of the electromagnetic control valve according to the fire extinguishing control command and the flow rate.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the solenoid valve control circuit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a capacitor, and a transistor. The base of the transistor is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module through the third resistor, the collector of the transistor is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the solenoid valve, and the emitter of the transistor is grounded. The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to a preset power supply, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the solenoid valve and the positive terminal of the capacitor, the negative terminal of the capacitor is grounded, the first end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the transistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the gas shut-off module includes: a normally open gas emergency shut-off valve and an external linkage control component. The normally open gas emergency shut-off valve is disposed in the gas supply pipeline; the external linkage control component is electrically connected to the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve and the wireless signal transmission module respectively, and is used to control the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve to shut off the gas supply pipeline according to the fire extinguishing control command.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fire extinguishing device further includes: an audible and visual alarm module, which is wirelessly connected to the control device and is used to issue a first audible and visual alarm signal according to the fire extinguishing control command.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the system is powered by a battery, and the system further includes: a battery monitoring device electrically connected to the control device, used to monitor the state parameters of the battery; wherein, the control device is further used to control the audible and visual alarm module to issue a second audible and visual alarm signal when it is determined that the battery is undervoltage based on the state parameters.

[0018] The fire detection and extinguishing system for home kitchen fires according to embodiments of the present invention monitors the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration in the home kitchen in real time, and fuses these parameters to accurately obtain the fire status of the home kitchen and respond promptly. Furthermore, the present invention has advantages such as low false alarm rate, good real-time data tracking, and fast response. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fire detection and extinguishing system for a household kitchen fire according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for information fusion processing of temperature, humidity, gas concentration and smoke concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3(a) is a graph of the f(t) function according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3(b) is a graph of the f(h) function according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3(c) is a graph of the f(x) function according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3(d) is a graph of the f(k) function according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spray module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of a solenoid valve control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a gas shut-off module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fire extinguishing device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fire detection and extinguishing system for a household kitchen fire according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The following is a reference appendix. Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 9 This invention describes a fire detection and extinguishing system for a home kitchen fire, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fire detection and extinguishing system for a household kitchen fire according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the fire detection and extinguishing system for a home kitchen includes: a signal acquisition device 10, a control device 20, and a fire extinguishing device 30. The signal acquisition device 10 includes a temperature sensor 101, a humidity sensor 102, a catalytic combustion gas sensor 103, and a dual-band smoke detector 104. The temperature sensor 101 is used to acquire the temperature of the home kitchen, the humidity sensor 102 is used to acquire the humidity of the home kitchen, the catalytic combustion gas sensor 103 is used to acquire the gas concentration of the home kitchen, and the dual-band smoke detector 104 is used to acquire the smoke concentration of the home kitchen. The control device 20 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 101, humidity sensor 102, catalytic combustion gas sensor 103, and dual-band smoke detector 104 respectively, and is used to perform information fusion processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration to determine whether a fire has occurred in the home kitchen, and to generate a fire extinguishing control command when a fire occurs. The fire extinguishing device 30 is wirelessly connected to the control device 20 and is used to receive and execute the fire extinguishing control command.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dual-band smoke detector 104 includes: an infrared LED, a blue LED, a photodiode, and an amplifier circuit. All three components are connected to the control device 20. By calculating the rise rate of the blue light scattering signal with respect to time and the ratio of the blue light scattering signal increment to the infrared light scattering signal increment, interference signals or the presence or absence of a response are determined. This allows for the differentiation of scattering signals from interference sources such as cooking fumes and water mist, ensuring accurate detection of kitchen fires and reducing false alarm rates.

[0036] The fire detection and extinguishing system for home kitchen fires according to embodiments of the present invention monitors the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration in the home kitchen in real time, and fuses these parameters to accurately obtain the fire status of the home kitchen and respond promptly. Furthermore, the present invention has advantages such as low false alarm rate, good real-time data tracking, and fast response.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the control device 20 performs information fusion processing on temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration, it is specifically used for:

[0038] S1 performs fuzzing processing on temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration respectively.

[0039] Specifically, the control device 20 is used for: such as Figures 3(a)-3(d) As shown, through the equation f(t)=MAX{f L (t), f N (t), f H The temperature is fuzzified using the formula f(h) = MAX{f L (h), f N (h), f H (h)} The temperature is fuzzified using the formula f(x)=MAX{f L (x), f H (x), f H (x)} is used to fuzzify the gas concentration, using the formula f(k)=MAX{f L (k), f N (k), f H (k)} blurs the smoke concentration.

[0040] in,

[0041] t represents temperature, h represents humidity, x represents gas concentration, k represents smoke concentration, L represents normal state, N represents higher state, and H represents high state.

[0042] S2, based on the pre-constructed fuzzy relation matrix, obtains the fire state matrix according to the fuzzified temperature, humidity, gas concentration and smoke concentration.

[0043] The fuzzy relation matrix can be represented as follows:

[0044] S3. Based on the pre-constructed confidence vector and fire state matrix, a fire state vector is obtained, where the elements in the fire state vector are used to determine whether a fire has occurred in the home kitchen.

[0045] It should be noted that, denoted as W, the confidence vector must satisfy the following conditions: Where n represents the number of sensors. The state corresponding to the element with the largest value in the fire state vector represents the current fire state of the kitchen.

[0046] Specifically, when the control device 20 obtains the fire state vector based on the pre-built confidence vector and the fire state matrix, it is specifically used to: multiply the pre-built confidence vector with the fire state matrix to obtain the fire state vector.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fire extinguishing device 30 includes: a wireless signal transmission module 301, a sprinkler module 302, and a gas shut-off module 303. The wireless signal transmission module 301 is wirelessly connected to the control device 20 and is used to transmit fire extinguishing control commands; the sprinkler module 302 is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module 301 and is used to perform sprinkler actions to extinguish the fire according to the fire extinguishing control commands; the gas shut-off module 303 is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module 301 and is used to control the disconnection of gas according to the fire extinguishing control commands.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the sprinkler module 302 includes: a sprinkler pipe 3021, a fire sprinkler head 3022, a flow meter 3023, a solenoid valve control circuit 3024, and a solenoid control valve 3025. The inlet end of the sprinkler pipe 3021 is mechanically connected to the residential water pipe through the solenoid control valve 3025; the fire sprinkler head 3022 is mechanically connected to the outlet end of the sprinkler pipe 3021; ​​the flow meter 3023 is installed on the sprinkler pipe 3021 to monitor the flow rate of the sprinkler pipe 3021; ​​the solenoid valve control circuit 3024 is electrically connected to the solenoid control valve 3025, the flow meter 3023, and the wireless signal transmission module 301, respectively, and is used to control the opening degree of the solenoid control valve 3025 according to the fire extinguishing control command and the flow rate.

[0049] As an example, in the normal state, the corresponding fire sprinkler 3022 is closed; in the higher state, the corresponding fire sprinkler 3022 sprays 3-6 cubic meters of water; and in the high state, the corresponding fire sprinkler 3022 sprays 6-20 cubic meters of water.

[0050] More specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the solenoid valve control circuit 3024 includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a capacitor C, and a transistor V. The base of transistor V is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module 301 through the third resistor R3. The collector of transistor V is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the solenoid control valve 3025. The emitter of transistor V is grounded. The first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to a preset power supply. The second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the solenoid control valve 3025 and the positive terminal of the capacitor C. The negative terminal of the capacitor C is grounded. The first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the base of transistor V. The second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.

[0051] More specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the gas shut-off module 303 includes a normally open gas emergency shut-off valve 3031 and an external linkage control component 3032. The normally open gas emergency shut-off valve 3031 is installed in the gas supply pipeline; the external linkage control component 3032 is electrically connected to the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve 3031 and the wireless signal transmission module 301, respectively, and is used to control the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve 3031 to shut off the gas supply pipeline according to the fire extinguishing control command.

[0052] As an example, in both high and low states, the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve 3031 shuts off the gas supply line.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the fire extinguishing device 30 also includes an audible and visual alarm module 304, which is wirelessly connected to the control device 20 and is used to issue a first audible and visual alarm signal according to the fire extinguishing control command.

[0054] As an example, in the higher and higher states, the audible and visual alarm module 304 emits the first audible and visual alarm signal.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 9 As shown, the system is powered by a battery and also includes a battery monitoring device 40. The battery monitoring device is electrically connected to the control device 20 and is used to monitor the battery's status parameters; wherein, the control device 20 is also used to control the audible and visual alarm module 304 to issue a second audible and visual alarm signal when it is determined that the battery is undervoltage based on the status parameters.

[0056] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0057] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0058] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire detection and extinguishing system for household kitchen fires, characterized in that, The system includes: The signal acquisition device includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a catalytic combustion gas sensor, and a dual-band smoke detector. The temperature sensor is used to acquire the temperature of the home kitchen, the humidity sensor is used to acquire the humidity of the home kitchen, the catalytic combustion gas sensor is used to acquire the gas concentration of the home kitchen, and the dual-band smoke detector is used to acquire the smoke concentration of the home kitchen. The control device is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, catalytic combustion gas sensor and dual-band smoke detector respectively, and is used to perform information fusion processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration and smoke concentration to determine whether a fire has occurred in the family kitchen, and generate a fire extinguishing control command when a fire occurs. The fire extinguishing device is wirelessly connected to the control device and is used to receive and execute the fire extinguishing control command. When the control device performs information fusion processing on the temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration, it is specifically used for: The temperature, humidity, gas concentration, and smoke concentration are respectively blurred. The fire state matrix is ​​obtained based on the pre-constructed fuzzy relation matrix and the fuzzified temperature, humidity, gas concentration and smoke concentration. A fire state vector is obtained based on a pre-constructed confidence vector and the fire state matrix, wherein the elements in the fire state vector are used to determine whether a fire has occurred in the family kitchen. The control device is specifically used for: Through The temperature is fuzzified using the formula. The humidity is blurred using the formula. The gas concentration is fuzzified using the formula... The smoke concentration is blurred. in, , , , , , , , , , , , t represents temperature, h represents humidity, x represents gas concentration, k represents smoke concentration, L represents normal state, N represents higher state, and H represents high state; The fuzzy relation matrix is ​​represented as .

2. The fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the control device obtains the fire state vector based on the pre-constructed confidence vector and the fire state matrix, it is specifically used for: The fire state vector is obtained by multiplying the pre-constructed confidence vector with the fire state matrix.

3. The detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device includes: A wireless signal transmission module is wirelessly connected to the control device and is used to transmit the fire extinguishing control command; The sprinkler module is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module and is used to perform sprinkler actions to extinguish fires according to the fire extinguishing control command. The gas shut-off module is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module and is used to control the gas shut-off according to the fire extinguishing control command.

4. The fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spray module includes: Electromagnetic control valve; A sprinkler pipe, the inlet end of which is mechanically connected to the residential water supply pipe via the electromagnetic control valve; Fire sprinkler head, mechanically connected to the outlet end of the spray pipe; A flow meter is installed on the spray pipe to monitor the flow rate of the spray pipe; The solenoid valve control circuit is electrically connected to the solenoid control valve, the flow meter, and the wireless signal transmission module, respectively, and is used to control the opening degree of the solenoid control valve according to the fire extinguishing control command and the flow rate.

5. The detection and extinguishing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The solenoid valve control circuit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a capacitor, and a transistor; The base of the transistor is electrically connected to the wireless signal transmission module through the third resistor. The collector of the transistor is electrically connected to the first control terminal of the electromagnetic control valve. The emitter of the transistor is grounded. The first end of the first resistor is electrically connected to a preset power supply. The second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the second control terminal of the electromagnetic control valve and the positive terminal of the capacitor. The negative terminal of the capacitor is grounded. The first end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the transistor. The second end of the second resistor is grounded.

6. The detection and extinguishing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas shut-off module includes: A normally open emergency shut-off valve for gas is installed in the gas supply pipeline; An external linkage control unit is electrically connected to the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve and the wireless signal transmission module, respectively, and is used to control the normally open gas emergency shut-off valve to cut off the gas supply pipeline according to the fire extinguishing control command.

7. The fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fire extinguishing device also includes: The audible and visual alarm module is wirelessly connected to the control device and is used to issue a first audible and visual alarm signal according to the fire extinguishing control command.

8. The fire detection and extinguishing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system is battery powered, and the system also includes: A battery monitoring device, electrically connected to the control device, is used to monitor the state parameters of the battery; The control device is further configured to control the audible and visual alarm module to issue a second audible and visual alarm signal when the battery is determined to be undervoltage based on the status parameters.

Images