A traction anchoring device and method suitable for soft and uneven slopes

Abstract

A traction anchoring device and method suitable for soft and uneven slopes includes two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms and one set of transverse traction mechanisms. The longitudinal traction includes a winch and a counterweight. A first traction rope is wound around the winch, and the free end of the first traction rope is connected to the counterweight. The transverse traction mechanism includes a first drive device and a second drive device. The first drive device is mounted on the first traction rope. A second traction rope is connected between the two first drive devices located on the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms. The second drive device is mounted on the second traction rope. The second drive device is mounted on the second traction rope. At least one anchoring device for driving anchor rods into the slope is mounted on the second drive device. A guide structure is provided to enable the counterweight, the first drive device, and the second drive device to slide on soft, uneven, and steep slopes. The present invention is particularly suitable for soft, uneven, and steep slopes and can provide full coverage of the slopes through automated reinforcement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of slope prevention and control, and in particular to a traction anchoring device and method suitable for soft and uneven slope surfaces. Background Art

[0002] During geotechnical engineering construction, slope reinforcement is often necessary. This is typically achieved through drilling technology, which increases the overall strength of the high slope, reduces deformation and damage, and improves the stability and safety of the entire rock mass. Existing slope reinforcement typically involves manually drilling and installing anchor bolts. This traditional method is incapable of reinforcing steep, soft slopes, and human movement can also affect slope stability, posing significant safety risks.

[0003] The equipment reinforcement of soft, uneven and steep slopes is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology and provide a traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes, which can be used to reinforce equipment on soft, uneven and steep slopes.

[0005] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for performing slope anchoring operations using the traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes, comprising two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms and one set of transverse traction mechanism, the longitudinal traction comprising a winch and a counterweight, a first traction rope wound on the winch, the free end of the first traction rope being connected to the counterweight, the transverse traction mechanism comprising a first drive device and a second drive device, the first drive device being installed on the first traction rope and being able to move along the first traction rope, a second traction rope being connected between the two first drive devices respectively located on the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms, the second drive device being installed on the second traction rope and being able to move along the second traction rope, at least one anchoring device for driving anchor rods into the slope being installed on the second drive device, the bottom of the counterweight, the first drive device and the second drive device being respectively provided with a guide structure for facilitating sliding on the slope.

[0007] The counterweight includes a box body, a water inlet is provided on the upper side of the box body, a drain outlet is provided on the lower side of the box body, a first traction ring is also provided on the side of the box body, the free end of the first traction rope is connected and fixed to the first traction ring, and the guide structure of the counterweight is a first guide plate installed on the upper and lower sides of the bottom of the box body.

[0008] The first drive device includes a first drive box, in which at least two sets of clamping drive devices are installed. The clamping drive device includes a driving wheel group and a driven wheel group. The driving wheel group and the driven wheel group clamp the first traction rope, thereby driving the first drive box to move along the first traction rope; the first drive box is provided with a second traction ring on the side perpendicular to the first traction rope, and the second traction ring is connected to the second traction rope. The guide structure of the first drive device is a second guide plate installed around the bottom of the first drive box.

[0009] The transmission gear of the present invention is a gear which is connected with the gear of the driven gear to the gear of the driven gear. The gear of the driven gear is connected with the gear of the driven gear to the gear of the driven gear. When the gear of the driven gear is in the gear of the driven gear, the transmission gear of the gear is connected with the gear of the driven gear to the gear of the driven gear.

[0010] The driven wheel assembly is also provided with a tensioning device, which includes a clamping groove block and a tensioning bolt. The driven wheel is installed in the clamping groove block, and both ends of the driven wheel shaft are connected to the clamping groove block. After the tensioning bolt is screwed to the frame, the end portion extends into the clamping groove block. The tensioning bolt is fixed with a limiting ring on the inner side of the frame, and a spring is installed on the tensioning bolt between the clamping groove block and the limiting ring. The opposite sides of the bottom plate and the middle plate are respectively provided with sliding grooves, and the upper and lower sides of the clamping groove block are respectively slidably installed in the sliding grooves on both sides.

[0011] The second drive device includes a second drive box, in which at least two sets of clamping drive devices are installed. The clamping drive device is used to clamp the second traction rope so that the second drive box moves along the second traction rope. The anchoring device is installed in the second drive box and is located between the two sets of clamping drive devices. The bottom of the second drive box is provided with a through hole below the anchoring device, and the guide structure of the second drive device is installed with a third guide plate around the bottom of the second drive box.

[0012] The anchoring device includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a sliding plug, a sealing head, a telescopic tube, and a catheter. The inner cylinder is installed in the outer cylinder, and one end is sealed with the end of the outer cylinder. An annular cavity with an opening on one side is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A sliding plug is installed in the annular cavity. One end of the sliding plug is sealed with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the other end extends out of the opening of the annular cavity. The outer cylinder is respectively provided with a front air hole and a rear air hole on both sides of the sliding plug. The sealing head is installed at the end of the sliding plug extending out of the annular cavity opening. A through hole for placing an anchor rod is provided in the center of the catheter. One end of the catheter is connected to the end of the inner cylinder, and the other end extends into the inner cylinder. The catheter One end away from the sealing head extends out to form an exhaust hole, and the end of the conduit located in the inner cylinder is provided with a clamping cavity, and a clamping assembly for clamping the anchor rod is installed in the clamping cavity, and a sealing ring is installed at the end of the clamping cavity. The inner cylinder is located at the sealing head. A baffle is installed at one end, and the baffle abuts against the sealing ring to seal and fix the sealing ring to the conduit, and a telescopic tube is fixedly installed inside the sealing head. The telescopic tube passes through the baffle and extends into the clamping cavity. The outer circumference of the telescopic tube is slidably and sealedly connected with the sealing ring; when in use, the anchor rod located in the anchoring device is clamped by the clamping assembly, and after high-pressure gas is introduced into the exhaust hole, the anchor rod is driven out from the sealing head.

[0013] The clamping assembly includes a clamping head and a compression spring. The end of the clamping cavity close to the exhaust hole is a conical structure, and the side close to the exhaust hole is the cone tip of the conical structure. The clamping head is a clamping head structure that matches the conical structure. The clamping head is slidably installed in the conical structure of the clamping cavity. The compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic tube. One end of the compression spring abuts against the sealing ring, and the other end abuts against the clamping head.

[0014] The inner hole of the sealing head is sealed with a wear-resistant ring, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic tube.

[0015] A method for slope anchoring operation using the traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Securely install the two longitudinal traction winches at both ends of the slope.

[0017] S2 assembling two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism; the free end of the first traction rope on the winch passes through the clamping channel of the first drive means within the two sets of clamping drive means, the free end of the first traction rope is connected and fixed to the counterweight;

[0018] S3 assembly lateral traction mechanism; the second traction cable through the two sets of the second drive means of the clamping drive means, the ends of the second traction cable are respectively connected to the first drive means of the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism fixed;

[0019] S4. Water is injected into the counterweight, and the first drive unit is placed at the top of the slope. The counterweight is pushed down the slope, and the winch is activated to unwind the first traction cable. The counterweight gradually slides to the bottom of the slope under the action of gravity. During this process, the tensioning device of the first drive unit is released.

[0020] S5. After the counterweights on both sides of the longitudinal traction mechanism are placed at the bottom of the slope, the anchor rod is inserted into the through-hole of the anchoring device through the tail hole. The clamping head of the clamping assembly, acting as a compression spring, clamps the anchor rod securely. The tail hole is then connected to the high-pressure air pipe, and the front and rear holes are connected to compressed air.

[0021] S6. Tighten the tensioning bolts of the tensioning device, causing the driven wheel to tightly grip the first traction cable. Simultaneously, activate the first drive devices on both sides, thereby pulling the second traction cable and the second drive device up and down the slope. The second drive device has the same driving structure as the first drive device. When activated, the second drive device drives the anchor device to move left and right on the slope, allowing the anchor device to scan the entire slope.

[0022] S7. When the anchoring device reaches the anchor rod placement position, the first and second actuators stop, and pulsed high-pressure gas is introduced into the exhaust port through the high-pressure gas pipe. The high-pressure gas pushes the anchor rod downward, and the clamping head compresses the compression spring, releasing the clamping head and allowing the anchor rod to be pushed downward smoothly.

[0023] S8. When the tail end of the anchor bolt enters the sealing head, the pulsating high-pressure gas from the tail hole stops, and the rear hole is vented. At this point, the sliding plug pushes the sealing head and telescopic tube downward, causing the front end of the sealing head to extend downward through the perforation. The pulsating high-pressure gas from the tail hole then starts again, pushing the anchor bolt again until it leaves the sealing head.

[0024] S9. After the anchor bolt leaves the sealing head, the rear air hole opens, the front air hole is vented, and the sliding plug pushes the sealing head and telescopic tube back to their original position.

[0025] S10. The first drive device drives the second traction cable and the second drive device to return to the top of the slope to install the anchor rod, or the second drive device is installed on multiple anchoring devices, after all the anchor rods on each anchoring device are used up, then return to the top of the slope to install the anchor rod;

[0026] S11. Repeat S7-S10 and install anchor bolts on the slope surface in sequence.

[0027] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The winch is used to retract and extend the first traction rope, and the counterweight is used to tension the first traction rope. The first drive device moves up and down along the first traction rope, thereby driving the second traction rope and the second drive device to move up and down along the slope. The second drive device moves left and right on the slope through the second traction rope, so that the second drive device can move on the entire slope with the anchor device. By providing the anchor device, the anchor rod is automatically pushed in and the anchor rod is driven into the slope for reinforcement. By providing a guide structure, the counterweight, the first drive device, and the second drive device can slide on soft, uneven, and steep slopes. The present invention is particularly suitable for soft, uneven, and steep slopes and can provide full-coverage automatic reinforcement of the slope.

[0029] 2. The counterweight includes a box body, and a water inlet is provided on the upper side of the box body. When in use, water is injected into the box body. After the reinforcement is completed, the water in the box body is drained to facilitate the recovery of the equipment.

[0030] 3. The first traction rope is clamped by the driving wheel group and the driven wheel group, so that the first drive box moves along the first traction rope, thereby driving the second traction rope to move up and down.

[0031] 4. The outer edges of the first guide plate, the second guide plate and the third guide plate are tilted upwards to facilitate sliding on soft and uneven slopes.

[0032] 5. The driven wheel set is also equipped with a tensioning device to facilitate adjustment of the clamping force of the driven wheel set.

[0033] 6. Since the clamping head is installed in the conical structure, and the side close to the exhaust hole is the cone tip of the conical structure, during the movement of the first driving device and the second driving device, the clamping head clamps the anchor rod under the action of the spring, so the anchor rod will not fall off, and under the thrust of the high-pressure gas connected to the exhaust hole, the clamping head pushes the spring to contract, thereby loosening the clamping head and the anchor rod can be pushed forward. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the present invention during operation.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the counterweight of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first driving device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the AA cross-section structure.

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the driving wheel group and the driven wheel group in the first driving device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic top view of the structure of the second driving device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the anchoring device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure.

[0042] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the state when the anchor rod is driven into the rock and soil.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the anchor rod is driven into the rock and the sliding plug is extended.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the anchor rod is driven into the rock and the sliding plug is retracted to its original position.

[0045] In the figure: slope 10, winch 20, first traction rope 30;

[0046] Counterweight 40, box 41, water inlet 42, drain outlet 43, first guide plate 44, first traction ring 45,

[0047] First drive device 50, first drive box 51, frame 511, bottom plate 512, middle plate 513, cover plate 514, second guide plate 52, driving wheel assembly 53, driving wheel 531, driving wheel shaft 532, first bearing 533, first gear 534, motor reducer 535, second gear 536, driven wheel assembly 54, driven wheel 541, driven wheel shaft 542, second bearing 543, clamping channel 55, tensioning device 56, pressing groove block 561, slide groove 562, tensioning bolt 563, limiting ring 564, spring 565, second traction ring 57;

[0048] Second traction rope 60, second drive device 70, second drive box 71, third guide plate 72, through hole 73;

[0049] Anchoring device 80, outer cylinder 81, front air hole 811, rear air hole 812, inner cylinder 82, sliding plug 83, sealing head 84, wear-resistant ring 85, telescopic tube 86, conduit 87, through hole 871, tail air hole 872, clamping cavity 873, baffle 88, clamping head 89, sealing ring 90, compression spring 91, anchor rod 100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] See also Figure 1-11, a traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes, including two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms and one set of transverse traction mechanisms, the longitudinal traction includes a winch 20 and a counterweight 40, a first traction rope 30 is installed wound on the winch 20, and the free end of the first traction rope 30 is connected to the counterweight 40, and the transverse traction mechanism includes a first drive device 50 and a second drive device 70, the first drive device 50 is installed on the first traction rope 30 and can move along the first traction rope 30, a second traction rope 60 is connected between the two first drive devices 50 respectively located on the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms, the second drive device 70 is installed on the second traction rope 60 and can move along the second traction rope 60, and at least one anchoring device 80 for driving an anchor rod 100 into the slope 10 is installed on the second drive device 70, and the bottom of the counterweight 40, the first drive device 50 and the second drive device 70 are respectively provided with a guide structure for sliding on the slope. The winch 20 is used to retract and extend the first traction rope 30, the counterweight 40 is used to tension the first traction rope 30, and the first drive device 50 moves up and down along the first traction rope 30, thereby driving the second traction rope 60 and the second drive device 70 to move up and down along the slope 10. The second drive device 70 moves left and right on the slope through the second traction rope 60, so that the second drive device 70 can move on the entire slope 10 with the anchor device 80, and drive anchor rods into the slope 10 for reinforcement. By setting a guide structure, the counterweight 40, the first drive device 50, and the second drive device 70 can slide on soft, uneven, and steep slopes. The present invention is particularly aimed at soft, uneven, and steep slopes and can perform full-coverage automated reinforcement of the slopes.

[0053] Specifically, to facilitate recovery, the counterweight 40 includes a housing 41 with a water inlet 42 on its upper side and a drain outlet 43 on its lower side. A first traction ring 45 is also provided on the side of the housing 41, to which the free end of the first traction rope 30 is fixedly connected. The counterweight 40's guide structure consists of first guide plates 44 mounted on the upper and lower sides of the bottom of the housing 41. During use, water is injected into the housing 41. After reinforcement is complete, the water is drained from the housing 41 to facilitate recovery. The outer edges of the first guide plates 44 are raised to facilitate sliding on soft, uneven slopes. Of course, the counterweight can also be made of concrete blocks.

[0054] See also Figure 3-5The first drive device 50 includes a first drive box 51, and two sets of clamping drive devices are installed in the first drive box 51. The clamping drive device includes a driving wheel group 53 and a driven wheel group 54. The driving wheel group 53 and the driven wheel group 54 clamp the first traction rope 30, thereby driving the first drive box 51 to move along the first traction rope 30; the first drive box 51 is provided with a second traction ring 57 on the side perpendicular to the first traction rope 30, and the second traction ring 57 is connected to the second traction rope 60. The first traction rope 30 is clamped by the driving wheel group 53 and the driven wheel group 54, so that the first drive box 51 moves along the first traction rope 30, thereby driving the second traction rope 60 to move up and down. The guide structure of the first drive device 50 is a second guide plate 52 installed around the bottom of the first drive box 51. Specifically, the outer edge of the second guide plate 52 is tilted upward to facilitate sliding on soft and uneven slopes. See Figure 5 After being clamped by the two sets of clamping drive devices, the first traction rope 30 extends from the holes at both ends of the first drive box 51.

[0055] For details, see Figure 4 The first driving box 51 includes a frame 511, a bottom plate 512 is installed at the bottom of the frame 511, a cover plate 514 is installed at the top of the frame 511, and an intermediate plate 513 is installed between the bottom plate 512 and the cover plate 514 in the frame 511; the driving wheel group 53 includes a driving wheel 531, a driving wheel shaft 532 is fixedly installed in the center longitudinal direction of the driving wheel 531, and the upper and lower ends of the driving wheel shaft 532 are respectively connected to the first bearings 533 on the bottom plate 512 and the intermediate plate 513, the upper end of the driving wheel shaft 532 extends upward from the intermediate plate 513, and the upper end is installed with a first gear 534, and the cover plate 514 is installed A motor reducer 535 is provided. The output shaft of the motor reducer 535 extends downward from the cover plate 514. A second gear 536 is mounted on the output shaft. The first gear 534 and the second gear 536 mesh with each other for transmission. The driven wheel assembly 54 includes a driven wheel 541, which is rotatably connected to a central driven wheel shaft 542 via a second bearing 543. The ends of the driven wheel shaft 542 are respectively connected to the base plate 512 and the intermediate plate 513. The outer circumferential walls of the driving wheel 531 and the driven wheel 541 are provided with annular grooves. The grooves between the driving wheel 531 and the driven wheel 541 form a clamping channel 55 for mounting and clamping the first traction cable 30. Rotation of the motor reducer 535 drives the second gear 536, which in turn drives the first gear 534, which in turn drives the driving wheel 531. Under the clamping force of the driving wheel 531 and the driven wheel 541, the first drive device 50 moves along the first traction cable 30. Preferably, the motor reducer 535 is a stepper motor or a servo motor.

[0056] See also Figure 4In order to adjust the clamping force of the driven wheel assembly 54, the driven wheel assembly 54 is further provided with a tensioning device 56. Specifically, the tensioning device 56 includes a clamping slot block 561 and a tensioning bolt 563. The driven wheel 541 is mounted in the clamping slot block 561. Both ends of the driven wheel shaft 542 are connected to the clamping slot block 561. After the tensioning bolt 563 is screwed onto the frame 511, the end thereof extends into the clamping slot block 561. The tensioning bolt 563 is fixed with a limiting ring 564 located on the inner side of the frame 511. A spring 565 is installed on the tensioning bolt 563 between the clamping slot block 561 and the limiting ring 564. Slide grooves 562 are respectively provided on the opposing sides of the bottom plate 512 and the middle plate 513. The upper and lower sides of the clamping slot block 561 are respectively slidably mounted in the slide grooves 562 on both sides. When the tensioning bolt 563 is tightened and the limiting ring 564 moves toward the driven wheel 541 , the limiting ring 564 presses the spring 565 , and the spring 565 presses the groove block 561 , thereby increasing the clamping force of the driven wheel 541 .

[0057] See also Figure 6 、 8 The second drive device 70 includes a second drive box 71, and two sets of clamping drive devices are installed in the second drive box 71. The clamping drive device is used to clamp the second traction rope 60 so that the second drive box 71 moves along the second traction rope 60. The anchoring device 80 is installed in the second drive box 71 and is located between the two sets of clamping drive devices. The bottom of the second drive box 71 is provided with a through hole 73 below the anchoring device 80, and a third guide plate 72 is installed around the bottom of the second drive box 71. The structure of the clamping drive device of the second drive device 70 is the same as that of the clamping drive device of the first drive device 50, and will not be repeated here. The second drive device 70 moves left and right on the second traction rope 60 through two sets of clamping drive devices. The guide structure of the second drive device 70 is installed with the third guide plate 72 around the bottom of the second drive box 71. Specifically, the outer edge of the third guide plate 72 is tilted upward to facilitate sliding on soft and uneven slopes. See Figure 6 After being clamped by the two sets of clamping drive devices, the second traction rope 60 extends from the holes at both ends of the second drive box 71.

[0058] See also Figure 7The anchoring device 80 includes an outer cylinder 81, an inner cylinder 82, a sliding plug 83, a sealing head 84, a telescopic tube 86, and a guide tube 87. The inner cylinder 82 is installed in the outer cylinder 81, and one end is sealed with the end of the outer cylinder 81. An annular cavity with an opening on one side is formed between the inner cylinder 82 and the outer cylinder 81. A sliding plug 83 is installed in the annular cavity. One end of the sliding plug 83 is sealed with the inner cylinder 82 and the outer cylinder 81, and the other end extends out of the opening of the annular cavity. The outer cylinder 81 is respectively provided with a front air hole 811 and a rear air hole 812 on both sides of the sliding plug 83. The sealing head 84 is installed at the end of the sliding plug 83 extending out of the annular cavity opening. The center of the guide tube 87 is provided with a through hole 871 for placing the anchor rod 100. One end of the guide tube 87 is connected to the end of the inner cylinder 82, and the other end extends into the inner cylinder 82. The guide tube 87 is away from One end of the sealing head 84 extends out to form an exhaust hole 872, and the end of the conduit 87 located in the inner cylinder 82 is provided with a clamping cavity 873, and a clamping assembly for clamping the anchor rod 100 is installed in the clamping cavity 873, and a sealing ring 90 is installed at the end of the clamping cavity 873. The inner cylinder 82 is located at the end of the sealing head 84 and a baffle 88 is installed. The baffle 88 abuts against the sealing ring 90, so that the sealing ring 90 and the conduit 87 are sealed and fixed. A telescopic tube 86 is fixedly installed inside the sealing head 84. The telescopic tube 86 passes through the baffle 88 and extends into the clamping cavity 873. The outer circumference of the telescopic tube 86 is slidably and sealedly connected to the sealing ring 90; when in use, the anchor rod 100 located in the anchoring device 80 is clamped by the clamping assembly, and after high-pressure gas is introduced into the exhaust hole 872, the anchor rod 100 is driven out from the sealing head 84. At the opening of the annular cavity, the slide 83 is sealed against the outer cylinder 81 and has a gap with the inner cylinder 82. This allows the slide 83 to be controlled to extend and retract via the front air hole 811 and the rear air hole 812. During extension and retraction, the airflow between the slide 83 and the inner cylinder 82 passes through the gap, making the slide 83 extend and retract more smoothly. During use, the front air hole 811 and the rear air hole 812 are connected to compressed air via pipes, and the tail air hole 872 can be connected to a high-pressure gas pipeline. The anchoring device 80 is provided to achieve automatic jacking and driving of the anchor rod. It should be noted that to facilitate the advancement of the anchor rod 100, the anchor rod 100 is slidably fitted with the through hole 871, the telescopic tube 86, and the sealing head 84, with a small gap.

[0059] Specifically, the clamping assembly includes a clamping head 89 and a compression spring 91. The end of the clamping cavity 873 near the exhaust hole 872 is a conical structure, and the side near the exhaust hole 872 is the cone tip of the cone structure. The clamping head 89 is a clamping head structure that matches the cone structure. The clamping head 89 is slidably installed within the cone structure of the clamping cavity 873. The compression spring 91 is sleeved outside the telescopic tube 86. One end of the compression spring 91 abuts the sealing ring 90, and the other end abuts the clamping head 89. Because the clamping head 89 is installed within the cone structure and the side near the exhaust hole 872 is the cone tip of the cone structure, the clamping head 89 clamps the anchor rod 100 under the action of the spring 91 during the movement of the first drive device 50 and the second drive device 70, so that the anchor rod will not fall. Under the thrust of the high-pressure gas introduced into the tail gas hole 872, the clamping head 89 contracts against the spring 91, thereby releasing the clamping head 89 and allowing the anchor 100 to move forward. Specifically, the clamping head 89 may be a conical multi-petal structure or a structure with one end being integral and the other end being multi-petal.

[0060] See also Figure 7 The inner hole seal of the sealing head 84 is equipped with a wear-resistant ring 85, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic tube 86. When the wear-resistant ring 85 and the telescopic tube 86 are worn and the sealing effect is poor, the wear-resistant ring 85 and the telescopic tube 86 can be easily replaced.

[0061] It should be noted that the first, second and third in the first guide plate 44 , the second guide plate 52 and the third guide plate 72 are only for the convenience of distinguishing the names and do not represent the order or importance.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] See also Figure 1 、 8 -11, a method for slope anchoring operation using the traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1. The two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism winch 20 are fixedly mounted to both ends of the slope 10;

[0065] S2 assembling two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism; the free end of the first traction rope 30 on the hoist 20 passes through the first drive means 50 within the two sets of clamping drive means 55, the free end of the first traction rope 30 is connected and fixed to the counterweight 40;

[0066] S3 assembly lateral traction mechanism; the second traction cable 60 through the two sets of the second drive means 70 of the clamping drive means, the ends of the second traction cable 60 are respectively connected to the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism of the first drive means 50 is fixed;

[0067] S4. Water is injected into the counterweight 40. The first drive unit 50 is then placed on top of the slope 10. The counterweight is pushed down the slope 10. The winch 20 is activated to unwind the first traction cable 30. The counterweight 40 gradually slides to the bottom of the slope 10 under the action of gravity. During this process, the tensioning device 56 of the first drive unit 50 is released.

[0068] S5. After the counterweights 40 of both longitudinal traction mechanisms have been placed at the bottom of the slope 10, the anchor rod 100 is inserted through the exhaust hole 872 into the through hole 871 of the anchoring device 80. The clamping head 89 of the clamping assembly, acting under the action of the compression spring 91, secures the anchor rod 100. The exhaust hole 872 is then connected to the high-pressure air pipe, and the front and rear air holes 811 and 812 are connected to the compressed air pipes, respectively.

[0069] S6. Tighten the tensioning bolt 563 of the tensioning device 56, causing the driven wheel 541 to tightly clamp the first traction cable 30. Simultaneously, activate the first drive devices 50 on both sides, thereby pulling the second traction cable 60 and the second drive device 70 up and down the slope 10. The drive structure of the second drive device 70 is the same as that of the first drive device 50. When the second drive device 70 is activated, it drives the anchor device 80 to move left and right on the slope 10, allowing the anchor device 80 to scan the entire slope 10.

[0070] S7. See Figure 8 、 9 When the anchoring device 80 reaches the position for driving the anchor rod, the first driving device 50 and the second driving device 70 stop, and a pulsed high-pressure airflow is introduced into the tail air hole 872 through the high-pressure air pipe. The anchor rod 100 is pushed downward under the action of the high-pressure airflow. At this time, the clamping head 89 squeezes the compression spring 91, and the clamping head 89 is loosened, so that the anchor rod 100 is pushed downward smoothly. During the processes S6 and S7, the front air hole 811 can be ventilated, so as to prevent the sliding plug 83 from sliding downward and hindering the movement of the second driving device 70.

[0071] S8. See Figure 10 When the tail end of the anchor rod 100 enters the sealing head 84, the pulsed high-pressure airflow from the tail hole 872 stops, and the rear air hole 812 is ventilated. At this time, the sliding plug 83 pushes the sealing head 84 and the telescopic tube 86 downward, causing the front end of the sealing head 84 to extend downward from the through-hole 73. Then, the pulsed high-pressure gas from the tail hole 872 starts to push the anchor rod 100 again until the anchor rod 100 leaves the sealing head 84.

[0072] S9. See Figure 11 After the anchor rod 100 leaves the sealing head 84, the rear air hole 812 opens, the front air hole 811 is ventilated, and the sliding plug 83 pushes the sealing head 84 and the telescopic tube 86 back to their original positions;

[0073] S10. The first drive device 50 drives the second traction cable 60 and the second drive device 70 to return to the top of the slope 10 to install the anchor rod 100, or the second drive device 70 is mounted on a plurality of anchoring devices 80, after all the anchor rods on the anchoring devices 80 are used up, then return to the top of the slope 10 to install the anchor rod 100;

[0074] S11. Repeat S7-S10 to install anchor bolts on the slope surface 10 in sequence.

Claims

1. A traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes, characterized by: The invention comprises two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms and one set of transverse traction mechanism, wherein the longitudinal traction comprises a winch and a counterweight, a first traction rope is wound around the winch, and a free end of the first traction rope is connected to the counterweight, and the transverse traction mechanism comprises a first drive device and a second drive device, wherein the first drive device is mounted on the first traction rope and can move along the first traction rope, a second traction rope is connected between two first drive devices respectively located on the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanisms, the second drive device is mounted on the second traction rope and can move along the second traction rope, and at least one anchoring device for driving an anchor rod into a slope surface is mounted on the second drive device, and the bottoms of the counterweight, the first drive device and the second drive device are respectively provided with a guide structure for facilitating sliding on the slope surface; The anchoring device comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a sliding plug, a sealing head, a telescopic tube and a guide tube, wherein the inner cylinder is installed in the outer cylinder and one end is sealedly connected to the end of the outer cylinder, an annular cavity with an opening on one side is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, a sliding plug is installed in the annular cavity, one end of the sliding plug is sealed with the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the other end extends out of the opening of the annular cavity, the outer cylinder is respectively provided with a front air hole and a rear air hole on both sides of the sliding plug, the sealing head is installed at the end of the sliding plug extending out of the annular cavity opening, a through hole for placing an anchor rod is provided in the center of the guide tube, one end of the guide tube is connected to the end of the inner cylinder, and the other end extends into the inner cylinder, One end away from the sealing head extends out to form an exhaust hole, and the end of the conduit located in the inner cylinder is provided with a clamping cavity, and a clamping assembly for clamping the anchor rod is installed in the clamping cavity, and a sealing ring is installed at the end of the clamping cavity. The inner cylinder is located at the sealing head. A baffle is installed at one end, and the baffle abuts against the sealing ring to seal and fix the sealing ring to the conduit, and a telescopic tube is fixedly installed inside the sealing head. The telescopic tube passes through the baffle and extends into the clamping cavity. The outer circumference of the telescopic tube is slidably and sealedly connected with the sealing ring; when in use, the anchor rod located in the anchoring device is clamped by the clamping assembly, and after high-pressure gas is introduced into the exhaust hole, the anchor rod is driven out from the sealing head.

2. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight includes a box body, a water inlet is provided on the upper side of the box body, a drain outlet is provided on the lower side of the box body, a first traction ring is also provided on the side of the box body, the free end of the first traction rope is connected and fixed to the first traction ring, and the guide structure of the counterweight is a first guide plate installed on the upper and lower sides of the bottom of the box body.

3. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first drive device includes a first drive box, in which at least two sets of clamping drive devices are installed. The clamping drive device includes a driving wheel group and a driven wheel group. The driving wheel group and the driven wheel group clamp the first traction rope, thereby driving the first drive box to move along the first traction rope; the first drive box is provided with a second traction ring on the side perpendicular to the first traction rope, and the second traction ring is connected to the second traction rope. The guide structure of the first drive device is a second guide plate installed around the bottom of the first drive box.

4. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission gear of the present invention is a gear which is connected with the gear of the driven gear to the gear of the driven gear. The gear of the driven gear is connected with the gear of the driven gear to the gear of the driven gear. When the gear of the driven gear is in the gear of the driven gear, the transmission gear of the gear is connected with the gear of the driven gear to the gear of the driven gear.

5. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driven wheel assembly is also provided with a tensioning device, which includes a clamping groove block and a tensioning bolt. The driven wheel is installed in the clamping groove block, and both ends of the driven wheel shaft are connected to the clamping groove block. After the tensioning bolt is screwed to the frame, the end portion extends into the clamping groove block. The tensioning bolt is fixed with a limiting ring on the inner side of the frame, and a spring is installed on the tensioning bolt between the clamping groove block and the limiting ring. The opposite sides of the bottom plate and the middle plate are respectively provided with sliding grooves, and the upper and lower sides of the clamping groove block are respectively slidably installed in the sliding grooves on both sides.

6. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second drive device includes a second drive box, in which at least two sets of clamping drive devices are installed. The clamping drive device is used to clamp the second traction rope so that the second drive box moves along the second traction rope. The anchoring device is installed in the second drive box and is located between the two sets of clamping drive devices. The bottom of the second drive box is provided with a through hole below the anchoring device, and the guide structure of the second drive device is installed with a third guide plate around the bottom of the second drive box.

7. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a clamping head and a compression spring. The end of the clamping cavity close to the exhaust hole is a conical structure, and the side close to the exhaust hole is the cone tip of the conical structure. The clamping head is a clamping head structure that matches the conical structure. The clamping head is slidably installed in the conical structure of the clamping cavity. The compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the telescopic tube. One end of the compression spring abuts against the sealing ring, and the other end abuts against the clamping head.

8. The traction anchoring device suitable for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner hole of the sealing head is sealed with a wear-resistant ring, which is fixedly connected to the telescopic tube.

9. A method for performing slope anchoring operations using the traction anchoring device for soft and uneven slopes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Securely install the two longitudinal traction winches at both ends of the slope. S2 assembling two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism; the free end of the first traction rope on the winch passes through the clamping channel of the first drive means within the two sets of clamping drive means, the free end of the first traction rope is connected and fixed to the counterweight; S3 assembly lateral traction mechanism; the second traction cable through the two sets of the second drive means of the clamping drive means, the ends of the second traction cable are respectively connected to the first drive means of the two sets of longitudinal traction mechanism fixed; S4. Water is injected into the counterweight, and the first drive unit is placed at the top of the slope. The counterweight is pushed down the slope, and the winch is activated to unwind the first traction cable. The counterweight gradually slides to the bottom of the slope under the action of gravity. During this process, the tensioning device of the first drive unit is released. S5. After the counterweights on both sides of the longitudinal traction mechanism are placed at the bottom of the slope, the anchor rod is inserted into the through-hole of the anchoring device through the tail hole. The clamping head of the clamping assembly, acting as a compression spring, clamps the anchor rod securely. The tail hole is then connected to the high-pressure air pipe, and the front and rear holes are connected to compressed air. S6. Tighten the tensioning bolts of the tensioning device, causing the driven wheel to tightly grip the first traction cable. Simultaneously, activate the first drive devices on both sides, thereby pulling the second traction cable and the second drive device up and down the slope. The second drive device has the same driving structure as the first drive device. When activated, the second drive device drives the anchor device to move left and right on the slope, allowing the anchor device to scan the entire slope. S7. When the anchoring device reaches the anchor rod placement position, the first and second actuators stop, and pulsed high-pressure gas is introduced into the exhaust port through the high-pressure gas pipe. The high-pressure gas pushes the anchor rod downward, and the clamping head compresses the compression spring, releasing the clamping head and allowing the anchor rod to be pushed downward smoothly. S8. When the tail end of the anchor bolt enters the sealing head, the pulsating high-pressure gas from the tail hole stops, and the rear hole is vented. At this point, the sliding plug pushes the sealing head and telescopic tube downward, causing the front end of the sealing head to extend downward through the perforation. The pulsating high-pressure gas from the tail hole then starts again, pushing the anchor bolt again until it leaves the sealing head. S9. After the anchor bolt leaves the sealing head, the rear air hole opens, the front air hole is vented, and the sliding plug pushes the sealing head and telescopic tube back to their original position. S10. The first drive device drives the second traction cable and the second drive device to return to the top of the slope to install the anchor rod, or the second drive device is installed on multiple anchoring devices, after all the anchor rods on each anchoring device are used up, then return to the top of the slope to install the anchor rod; S11. Repeat S7-S10 and install anchor bolts on the slope surface in sequence.

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