Monitoring device for a rotating machine, computer-readable recording medium on which a monitoring program is recorded, monitoring method, and rotating machine device

Abstract

A monitoring device for a rotary machine that monitors a gap of a rotary machine including a machine room that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion, and includes at least one position sensor disposed outside the machine room and configured to detect a relative position of the machine room in a radial direction with respect to the rotating portion, and a prediction unit configured to obtain a predicted value of an internal gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the machine room based on a measurement value detected by the at least one position sensor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a rotating machine monitoring device, a computer-readable recording medium on which a monitoring program is recorded, a monitoring method, and a rotating machine device.

[0002] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-186961 filed on November 10, 2020 with the Japan Patent Office, and the content thereof is hereby incorporated by reference. BACKGROUND

[0003] In a rotating machine such as a steam turbine, in order to prevent contact between a rotating portion (rotor) and a stationary portion (housing or the like), it is sought to properly monitor the gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion.

[0004] In Patent Literature 1, a friction protection device including gap sensors provided at four positions of the outer periphery of a rotor at a seal cover portion of a steam turbine is disclosed. In this device, based on the detection results detected by the gap sensors, the minimum radial gap at the positions (seal cover portion) where the gap sensors are provided is calculated, and using the calculation results, the contact between the rotor and the stationary portion at the seal cover portion is monitored.

[0005] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0006] PATENT LITERATURE

[0007] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H7-54606 SUMMARY

[0008] PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0009] In addition, in order to properly suppress the contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the machine room of the rotating machine, it is desirable to monitor the gap (hereinafter, also referred to as the internal gap) between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the machine room. However, in the device described in Patent Literature 1, the internal gap is not monitored, and thus there is a case where the contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the machine room cannot be properly suppressed. On the other hand, the internal gap can be measured using a gap sensor provided inside the machine room. However, in this case, in order to provide and maintain the gap sensor, the machine room needs to be opened each time, and the cost for the provision and maintenance becomes high. In addition, the inside of the machine room is a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the gap sensor is likely to be in a bad condition, and there is a case where proper monitoring of the gap cannot be performed.

[0010] In view of the above-described circumstances, an object of at least one embodiment of the present application is to provide a rotating machine monitoring device, a computer-readable recording medium on which a monitoring program is recorded, a monitoring method, and a rotating machine device, which can balance the easy provision of a sensor and the proper monitoring of the internal gap of a rotating machine.

[0011] Solution to problem

[0012] The monitoring device of the rotating machine according to at least one embodiment of the present application is a monitoring device for monitoring a gap of a rotating machine including a machine room that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion, wherein

[0013] The monitoring device of the rotating machine includes:

[0014] at least one position sensor disposed outside the machine room and configured to detect a relative position of the machine room with respect to a radial direction of the rotating portion; and

[0015] a prediction unit configured to obtain a predicted value of an internal gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the machine room based on a measurement value detected by the at least one position sensor.

[0016] Further, the rotating machine apparatus according to at least one embodiment of the present application includes:

[0017] a rotating machine including a machine room that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion; and

[0018] the above-described monitoring device configured to monitor a gap of the rotating machine.

[0019] Further, the computer-readable recording medium according to at least one embodiment of the present application that records a monitoring program of a rotating machine is a computer-readable recording medium that records a monitoring program for monitoring a gap of a rotating machine including a machine room that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion, wherein

[0020] the monitoring program is configured to cause a computer to execute:

[0021] a process of receiving a signal indicating a measurement value of a relative position of the machine room with respect to a radial direction of the rotating portion detected by a position sensor disposed outside the machine room; and

[0022] a process of obtaining a predicted value of an internal gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the machine room based on the measurement value.

[0023] Further, the monitoring method of a rotating machine according to at least one embodiment of the present application is a monitoring method for monitoring a gap of a rotating machine including a machine room that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion, wherein

[0024] the monitoring method of the rotating machine includes:

[0025] a step of detecting a relative position of the machine room with respect to a radial direction of the rotating portion using a position sensor disposed outside the machine room; and

[0026] obtaining a predicted value of the internal gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion in the machine chamber based on a measured value detected by the position sensor.

[0027] Effects of Invention

[0028] According to at least one embodiment of the present application, there is provided a rotating machine monitoring device capable of giving consideration to easy setting of a sensor and appropriate monitoring of an internal gap of a rotating machine, a computer-readable recording medium recording a monitoring program, a monitoring method, and a rotating machine apparatus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotating machine apparatus including a steam turbine according to an embodiment.

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the steam turbine shown in Figure 1

[0031] Figure 3A is a partial enlarged view of Figure 2

[0032] Figure 3B is a partial cross-sectional view of a steam turbine according to another embodiment.

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a monitoring / control device according to an embodiment.

[0034] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a monitoring / control method of a rotating machine according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Hereinafter, several embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The sizes, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the constituent components described as embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present application thereto, but are merely illustrative.

[0036] Hereinafter, the case where the rotating machine constituting the rotating machine apparatus according to several embodiments is a steam turbine will be described, but the rotating machine in the present application is not limited to a steam turbine, and can be another rotating machine (e.g., a gas turbine, etc.).

[0037] (Structure of Rotating Machine Apparatus)

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotating machine apparatus including a steam turbine according to an embodiment, Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the steam turbine shown in Figure 1 Figure 3A and Figure 3B ​​​are schematic cross-sectional views of axial end portions of a casing of a steam turbine constituting a rotating machine apparatus according to an embodiment. Note that Figure 3A are partial enlarged views of Figure 2 Figure 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a steam turbine according to another embodiment. Figure 4 is a schematic configuration view of a monitoring / control device according to an embodiment.

[0039] The rotating machine apparatus 100 according to several embodiments is provided with a steam turbine (rotating machine) 1 (see Figures 1-3B ), and a monitoring / control device 90 (see Figure 4 ) for monitoring and / or controlling a gap between a rotating portion and a stationary portion of the steam turbine 1.

[0040] (Configuration of Steam Turbine (Rotating Machine))

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the steam turbine 1 is provided with a rotor 12 (not shown in Figure 1 ) rotatable about a center axis O and an outer casing (casing) 2 housing a rotating portion including the rotor 12 and a stationary portion.

[0042] The outer casing 2 is configured to separate a space to be atmospheric pressure from a space to be at a higher pressure or a lower pressure than the atmospheric pressure. The outer casing 2 includes a casing upper half 2A located on an upper side in a vertical direction (i.e., a vertical direction) and a casing lower half 2B located on a lower side, and an upper flange portion 3A provided to the casing upper half 2A and a lower flange portion 3B provided to the casing lower half 2B are fastened and joined by bolts not shown.

[0043] The outer casing 2 is supported to a casing support portion 8 fixed to a base 10. In the illustrated embodiment, the casing upper half 2A has cat foot portions 4 protruding toward an axial direction (a direction of the center axis O of the rotor), and is supported to the casing support portion 8 via the cat foot portions 4. Note that in the outer casing 2 shown in Figure 1 , a pair of cat foot portions 4, i.e., a total of four cat foot portions 4, are provided on both sides of the center axis O in plan view at both ends in the axial direction of the casing upper half 2A.

[0044] As shown in Figure 2 , the rotating portion housed in the outer casing 2 includes the rotor 12 rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) and a plurality of moving vanes 14 provided to the rotor 12 in a manner protruding radially from the rotor 12. As shown in Figure 2 , the rotor 12 is provided in a manner penetrating the outer casing 2. Note that in Figure 2 ​In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the rotor 12 is provided with a plurality of stages of the moving blades 14 arranged separately in the axial direction.

[0045] As Figure 2 illustrated, the stationary portion housed in the outer casing 2 includes an inner casing 16 supported to the outer casing 2, a blade ring 18, stationary blades 19, and an air-tight ring 20 supported to the inner casing 16, and inner seal cover portions 22 provided at both end portions of the outer casing 2 in the axial direction. Note that the stationary blades 19 are supported to the inner casing 16 via the blade ring 18, and are arranged at the upstream side of the moving blades 14 in the axial direction.

[0046] In the inside of the outer casing 2, there is a gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion in the radial direction. In the present specification, the gap in the radial direction between the rotating portion and the stationary portion in the inside of the outer casing 2 (casing) is referred to as an inner gap. The inner gap is, for example, a gap between the tip end of the moving blade 14 and the blade ring 18, a gap between the rotor 12 and the tip end of the stationary blade 19, or a gap between the rotor 12 and a seal fin (not illustrated) provided to the air-tight ring 20, or the like.

[0047] As Figures 2-3B illustrated, an outer seal cover portion 24 for suppressing leakage of fluid from the inside of the outer casing 2 to the outside, or intrusion of air from the outside of the outer casing 2 to the inside is provided at the end portion of the outer casing 2 in the axial direction. The outer seal cover portion 24 is attached to the axial end face 2a of the outer casing 2, whereby the opening of the axial end portion of the outer casing 2 is occluded. The outer seal cover portion 24 includes a vapor chamber 26 to which sealing vapor is supplied, and a seal cover pad 28 provided facing the rotor 12.

[0048] In several embodiments, the rotary machine apparatus 100 includes a temperature adjustment portion 60 for heating or cooling at least a portion of the outer casing 2 or the casing support portion 8. By heating or cooling at least a portion of the outer casing 2 or the casing support portion 8 with the temperature adjustment portion 60, the thermal elongation amount of the outer casing 2 or the casing support portion 8 can be adjusted, whereby the shape or position of the outer casing 2 can be adjusted. Thus, by appropriately adjusting the shape or position of the outer casing 2 with the temperature adjustment portion 60, the inner gap of the vapor turbine 1 can be maintained in an appropriate range.

[0049] In one embodiment, for example as Figure 1As shown, the temperature adjusting section 60 includes a heating section 62 for heating the chamber supporting section 8 that supports the outer side chamber 2 and a cooling section 64 for cooling the cat foot section 4 of the outer side chamber 2. In this case, by heating the chamber supporting section 8 with the heating section 62, the chamber supporting section 8 is thermally elongated in the vertical direction thereof, and the position of the outer side chamber 2 is changed in such a manner that the outer side chamber 2 is lifted up. On the other hand, by cooling the cat foot section 4 with the cooling section, the outer side chamber 2 is deformed in such a manner that the outer side chamber 2 is lowered.

[0050] The heating section 62 can also be a heater configured to generate heat using electric power. In the case where the heating section 62 is a heater, the heater can be disposed on the surface of the chamber supporting section 8 that supports the cat foot section 4. Figure 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the heating section 62 includes a plate-shaped heater disposed on the surface of the chamber supporting section 8 that supports the cat foot section 4.

[0051] The cooling section 64 can also be configured to supply a cooling fluid to the cat foot section 4. In the case where the cooling section 64 is configured to supply a cooling fluid to the cat foot section 4, the cooling section 64 can include a cooling fluid supply source and a cooling fluid supply path. Figure 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cooling section 64 includes a nozzle configured to eject air as a cooling fluid toward the cat foot section 4.

[0052] (Structure of monitoring / control device)

[0053] The monitoring / control device (monitoring device) 90 includes at least one position sensor 30 disposed outside the outer side chamber and a processing section 50 for receiving and processing a signal from the position sensor 30. The monitoring / control device 90 can also include a state quantity sensor 40 (not shown in the drawings) for measuring a state quantity that indicates a state of the steam turbine 1. Figures 1-3B

[0054] The position sensor 30 is configured to detect a relative position of the outer side chamber 2 of the steam turbine 1 in the radial direction with respect to the rotating section at a position outside the outer side chamber 2.

[0055] The temperature at the position outside the outer side chamber 2 at which the position sensor 30 is disposed (i.e., the position in the vicinity of the outer seal section 24) is about 100°C. In contrast, the inside of the outer side chamber 2 is about 300°C to 500°C, and the temperature is relatively high. In addition, the outer seal section 24 is cooled by steam, and thus the temperature outside the outer side chamber 2 is relatively constant.

[0056] In several embodiments, the position sensor 30 can be disposed in contact with the atmosphere, for example, as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 3A

[0057] In several embodiments, the position sensor 30 can be disposed in contact with the atmosphere, for example, as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 3A Figure 3B ​​​As shown, the position sensor 30 is supported to the outer housing 2 or a member installed in the outer housing 2, and is disposed at a position outside the outer housing 2 opposite to the rotor 12.

[0058] In Figure 3A In the exemplary embodiment shown, the position sensor 30 is disposed outside the outer seal cover portion 24 and is supported to the outer seal cover portion 24 via the support member 32. In this case, the position sensor 30 is in contact with the atmospheric pressure. In Figure 3B In the exemplary embodiment shown, the position sensor 30 is disposed in the outer seal cover portion 24 and is supported to the outer seal cover portion 24 via the support member 32. In this case, the position sensor 30 is in contact with the pressure between the sealed vapor pressure and the atmospheric pressure.

[0059] The position sensor 30 is configured to detect a distance G (refer to FIG. 2) in the radial direction of the rotor 12 opposite to the position sensor 30. In this way, the relative position of the outer housing 2 in the radial direction with respect to the rotor 12 (rotating portion) at the installation position of the position sensor 30 (the position outside the outer housing 2) is detected. Figure 3A Also Figure 3B ) is detected. In this way, the relative position of the outer housing 2 in the radial direction with respect to the rotor 12 (rotating portion) at the installation position of the position sensor 30 (the position outside the outer housing 2) is detected.

[0060] The position sensor 30 can also be a non-contact gap sensor, for example, an eddy current sensor, a capacitive sensor, or an optical sensor.

[0061] In one embodiment, the face of the rotor 12 opposite to the position sensor 30 has the same diameter in the entire range of the circumferential direction of the rotor 12. Also, in one embodiment, the diameter of the rotor 12 opposite to the position sensor 30 is the same as the diameter of the rotor 12 at the outer seal cover portion 24.

[0062] Hereinafter, the above-described relative position (or distance G) detected by the position sensor 30 will be referred to as an outer gap.

[0063] In Figure 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown, at least one position sensor 30 includes an upper side sensor 30A for detecting the above-described relative position (outer gap) at the uppermost portion of the rotor 12 and a lower side sensor 30B for detecting the above-described relative position (outer gap) at the lowermost portion of the rotor 12. In this way, by using the detection results of the above-described relative positions (outer gaps) detected by the upper side sensor 30A and the lower side sensor 30B each disposed at the uppermost portion and the lowermost portion of the rotor 12, it is possible to improve the prediction accuracy of the internal gap predicted by the prediction section 54 (processing section 50) described later.

[0064] In addition, in several embodiments, the at least one position sensor 30 includes a pair of position sensors 30 disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the outer casing 2. In Figure 2 In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the at least one position sensor 30 includes a pair of upper position sensors 30A and a pair of lower position sensors 30B disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the outer casing 2. In this way, by using the detection results of the above-described relative positions (outer clearances) detected by the pair of position sensors 30 disposed on both sides in the axial direction of the rotor 12, it is possible to improve the prediction accuracy of the internal clearance predicted by the prediction unit 54 (processing unit 50) described later.

[0065] The detection results of the state quantities detected by the state quantity sensor 40 are used in the calculation of the predicted value of the internal clearance in the prediction unit 54 (processing unit 50) described later. The state quantity sensor 40 may, for example, include at least one of a temperature sensor for measuring the inlet steam temperature of the steam turbine 1, a pressure sensor for measuring the inlet pressure, a temperature sensor for measuring the outlet steam temperature, a pressure sensor for measuring the outlet pressure, a rotational speed sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the rotor 12, a temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the rotor 12, and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the casing (the outer casing 2, etc.).

[0066] The processing unit 50 is configured to receive and process signals from the position sensor 30 and / or the state quantity sensor 40. As Figure 4 As illustrated, the processing unit 50 includes a sensor data acquisition unit 52, a prediction unit 54, a determination unit 56, and a control unit 58.

[0067] The sensor data acquisition unit 52 is configured to receive signals indicating the measurement values measured by each sensor from the position sensor 30 and / or the state quantity sensor 40.

[0068] The prediction unit 54 is configured to obtain a predicted value of the internal clearance between the rotating portion and the stationary portion within the outer casing 2 based on the measurement values detected by the position sensor 30 (signals received by the sensor data acquisition unit 52).

[0069] The determination unit 56 is configured to determine whether or not it is necessary to change the shape or position of the outer casing 2 based on the predicted value of the internal clearance predicted by the prediction unit 54.

[0070] The control unit 58 is configured to change the shape or position of the outer casing 2 in such a way that the internal clearance becomes within a prescribed range when it is determined by the determination unit 56 that it is necessary to change the shape or position of the outer casing 2. The control unit 58 may, for example, be configured to control the temperature adjustment unit 60 in such a way that the above-described internal clearance becomes within a prescribed range.

[0071] Note that the processing section 50 includes a computer including a processor (CPU or the like), a storage device (a memory device; a RAM or the like), an auxiliary storage section, and an interface, and the like. The processing section 50 receives signals from the position sensor 30 and / or the state quantity sensor 40 described above via the interface. The processor is configured to process the signals thus received. In addition, the processor is configured to process programs developed in the storage device. Thus, the functions of the respective functional sections (the prediction section 54 or the like) described above are realized.

[0072] The processing contents in the processing section 50 are installed as programs executed by the processor. The programs can also be stored in the auxiliary storage section. At the time of execution of the programs, the programs are developed in the storage device. The processor reads out the programs from the storage device and executes the commands included in the programs.

[0073] In the monitoring / control device (monitoring device) 90 having the above-described structure, the position sensor 30 for detecting the relative position of the casing with respect to the rotating portion in the radial direction is provided outside the outer casing 2 of the steam turbine (rotating machine) 1, and thus the position sensor 30 can be easily set, managed, as compared with the case where the position sensor is provided inside the outer casing 2. That is, the position sensor 30 can be set, replaced, or the accuracy of the position sensor 30 can be confirmed without opening the outer casing 2. In addition, as compared with the case where the position sensor is provided inside the outer casing 2 in a high-temperature high-pressure environment, the position sensor 30 is less likely to fail. In addition, in the monitoring / control device (monitoring device) 90 having the above-described structure, the predicted value of the internal clearance of the steam turbine 1 is obtained on the basis of the detection result of the above-described relative position (external clearance) detected by the position sensor 30, and thus the internal clearance of the steam turbine 1 can be appropriately monitored on the basis of the predicted value. Thus, for example, the contact of the rotating portion with the stationary portion can be effectively suppressed. Thus, according to the monitoring / control device (monitoring device) 90 described above, both the easy setting and management of the position sensor 30 and the appropriate monitoring of the internal clearance of the steam turbine 1 can be achieved.

[0074] (Monitoring / control procedure of rotating machine)

[0075] Next, the procedure of the monitoring / control method of the steam turbine (rotating machine) 1 according to the embodiments will be described. Note that, hereinafter, the case where the monitoring / control device 90 described above is used for monitoring / control of the rotating machine will be described, but part or all of the processes described below can be performed manually.

[0076] Figure 5is a flowchart of a monitoring / control method of a rotating machine according to an embodiment. In an embodiment, first, the relative position in the radial direction of the outer side machine chamber 2 of the steam turbine 1 with respect to the rotating portion (the outer gap) is measured using the position sensor 30 described above (S102). In addition, the state quantity indicating the state of the steam turbine 1 is acquired using the state quantity sensor 40 described above (S104). Here, the state quantity includes, for example, at least one of the inlet steam temperature, the inlet pressure, the outlet steam temperature, the outlet pressure, the rotational speed of the rotor 12, the surface temperature of the rotor 12, or the temperature of the machine chamber (the outer side machine chamber 2, etc.) of the steam turbine 1.

[0077] Note that the order of execution of the above-described step S102 and step S104 is not limited. That is, step S102 and step S104 can be performed in any order, or step S102 and S104 can be performed simultaneously.

[0078] Next, the prediction portion 54 calculates the predicted value of the internal gap between the rotating portion and the stationary portion in the outer side machine chamber 2 based on the measured value of the outer gap obtained in step S102 (S106). In step S106, the predicted value of the above-described internal gap can be calculated based on the measured value of the outer gap obtained in step S102 and the measured value of the state quantity obtained in step S104.

[0079] In step S106, the predicted value of the internal gap at each of a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction can be calculated. For example, the predicted value of the internal gap at the uppermost portion of the rotor 12 and / or the predicted value of the internal gap at the lowermost portion of the rotor 12 can be acquired.

[0080] In step S106, the predicted value of the internal gap at each of a plurality of positions in the axial direction can be calculated. For example, the predicted value of the gap between the tip of each of the plurality of stages of the moving blade 14 and the blade ring 18, and / or the predicted value of the gap between the tip of each of the plurality of stages of the stationary blade 19 and the rotor 12, and / or the predicted value of the gap between each of the plurality of sealing fins provided to the gas seal ring 20 and the rotor 12 can be calculated.

[0081] Note that several examples of the prediction method of the internal gap in step S106 are described later.

[0082] Next, the determination portion 56 determines whether or not the shape or position of the outer side machine chamber 2 needs to be changed based on the predicted value of the internal gap obtained in step S106 (S108).

[0083] In step S108, when the predicted value of the internal clearance is within the prescribed range (within the appropriate range), for example, it is determined that the shape or position of the outer machine chamber 2 does not need to be changed (Yes in S108). In this case, the flow is directly ended. On the other hand, when the predicted value of the internal clearance is outside the prescribed range (outside the appropriate range), it is determined that the shape or position of the outer machine chamber 2 needs to be changed (No in S108). In this case, the flow proceeds to step S110.

[0084] In step S110, the shape or position of the outer machine chamber 2 is changed in such a way that the internal clearance becomes within the prescribed range. In step S110, the outer machine chamber 2 can also be made to have a desired shape or position by appropriately controlling the temperature adjustment section 60 (the heating section 62 and the cooling section 64) with the control section 58.

[0085] For example, in the case where it is determined in step S108 that the predicted value of the internal clearance at the uppermost portion of the rotor 12 is smaller than the prescribed range, in step S110, the position of the outer machine chamber 2 is changed in such a way that the outer machine chamber 2 is lifted up by adjusting the thermal elongation amount of the machine chamber support section 8 by heating the machine chamber support section 8 with the heating section 62. Alternatively, in the case where it is determined in step S108 that the predicted value of the internal clearance at the lowermost portion of the rotor 12 is smaller than the prescribed range, in step S110, the outer machine chamber 2 is deformed in such a way that it is lowered by supplying cooling fluid to the cat foot section 4 with the cooling section 64.

[0086] Note that the procedures of steps S102 to S110 can also be repeated until the predicted value of the internal clearance becomes within the prescribed range.

[0087] (Method of predicting internal clearance)

[0088] In step S106, the predicted value of the internal clearance can also be obtained using the measured value of the external clearance, for example, by the following method.

[0089] For example, in step S106, the predicted value of the internal clearance can also be obtained by a simple estimation based on the state quantity of the steam turbine 1. In this case, first, based on the measured values of the state quantity of the steam turbine 1 obtained in step S104, a tentative predicted value (temporary predicted value) of the internal clearance and the external clearance is calculated by a simple estimation using an estimation formula or the like obtained in advance. Note that the above-mentioned estimation formula is a formula expressing the relationship between the state quantity of the steam turbine 1 and the internal / external clearance. Then, the tentative predicted value of the internal clearance is corrected based on the measured value of the external clearance obtained in step S102 and the tentative predicted value of the external clearance, thereby obtaining the predicted value of the internal clearance. For example, the predicted value of the internal clearance can also be obtained by obtaining the difference between the measured value of the external clearance and the tentative predicted value of the external clearance, and adding the difference to the tentative predicted value of the internal clearance.

[0090] Alternatively, in step S106, the predicted value of the internal clearance can also be obtained using numerical analysis based on the finite element method (FEM) or an analysis method (Model Order Reduction; MOR) in which a model of the finite element method is simplified. In this case, first, the measured values of the state quantity of the steam turbine 1 obtained in step S104 are input (boundary conditions), and a tentative predicted value (temporary predicted value) of the internal clearance and the external clearance is calculated by the FEM or the MOR method. Then, the tentative predicted value of the internal clearance is corrected based on the measured value of the external clearance obtained in step S102 and the tentative predicted value of the external clearance, thereby obtaining the predicted value of the internal clearance. For example, the predicted value of the internal clearance can also be obtained by obtaining the difference between the measured value of the external clearance and the tentative predicted value of the external clearance, and adding the difference to the tentative predicted value of the internal clearance.

[0091] Alternatively, in step S106, the predicted value of the internal clearance can also be obtained using analysis using AI (artificial intelligence) such as machine learning. This prediction model is a prediction model that inputs the state quantity of the steam turbine 1 and the external clearance and outputs the internal clearance of the steam turbine 1. In this case, the measured value of the external clearance obtained in step S102 and the measured values of the state quantity of the steam turbine 1 obtained in step S104 are used as inputs to the above-mentioned prediction model, and the predicted value of the internal clearance is obtained as an output of the calculation using the prediction model. Note that the above-mentioned prediction model can also be a learned prediction model that has been subjected to machine learning using teaching data.

[0092] The content described in each of the above embodiments is grasped, for example, as follows.

[0093] (1) The monitoring device (e.g., the monitoring / control device 90 described above) of the rotating machine (e.g., the steam turbine 1 described above) of at least one embodiment of the present application is a monitoring device for monitoring a clearance of a rotating machine including a casing (e.g., the outer casing 2 described above) that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion, in which

[0094] The monitoring device of the rotating machine includes:

[0095] at least one position sensor (30) disposed outside the casing and configured to detect a relative position of the casing in a radial direction with respect to the rotating portion; and

[0096] a prediction portion (54) configured to obtain a predicted value of an internal clearance between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the casing based on a measurement value detected by the at least one position sensor.

[0097] In the structure of (1) described above, the position sensor configured to detect the relative position of the casing in the radial direction with respect to the rotating portion is disposed outside the casing of the rotating machine, and thus the position sensor can be easily disposed and managed compared to a case in which the position sensor is disposed inside the casing. In addition, in the structure of (1) described above, the predicted value of the internal clearance of the rotating machine is obtained based on the detection result of the relative position of the casing in the radial direction with respect to the rotating portion detected by the position sensor, and thus the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be appropriately monitored based on the predicted value. Thus, for example, the contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion can be effectively suppressed. Accordingly, the structure of (1) described above can achieve both the easy disposition and management of the position sensor and the appropriate monitoring of the internal clearance of the rotating machine.

[0098] (2) In some embodiments, the structure of (1) described above is modified as follows.

[0099] the rotating machine includes an outer seal cover portion disposed at an end portion in an axial direction of the casing,

[0100] the position sensor is supported by the outer seal cover portion.

[0101] According to the structure of (2) described above, the position sensor is disposed so as to be supported by the outer seal cover portion, and thus the position sensor can be easily disposed and managed.

[0102] (3) In some embodiments, the structure of (1) or (2) described above is modified as follows.

[0103] the at least one position sensor includes a pair of position sensors disposed on both sides of the casing in the axial direction.

[0104] According to the structure of the above (3), a pair of position sensors are provided on both sides of the housing in the axial direction, and thus the internal clearance can be more appropriately predicted than when the position sensors are provided on only one side of the housing.

[0105] (4) In some embodiments, on the basis of any one of the structures of the above (1) to (3),

[0106] The prediction unit is configured to calculate the predicted value of the internal clearance on the basis of a state quantity representing a state of the rotating machine and the measurement value obtained by the position sensor.

[0107] According to the structure of the above (4), the predicted value of the internal clearance can be appropriately calculated on the basis of a state quantity representing a state of the rotating machine and a measurement value obtained by the position sensor. Thus, the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be appropriately monitored on the basis of the calculated predicted value.

[0108] (5) In some embodiments, on the basis of any one of the structures of the above (1) to (3),

[0109] The prediction unit is configured to calculate the predicted value of the internal clearance using a prediction model that takes as input a state quantity representing a state of the rotating machine and the measurement value obtained by the position sensor.

[0110] According to the structure of the above (5), the predicted value of the internal clearance can be appropriately calculated using a prediction model that takes as input a state quantity representing a state of the rotating machine and a measurement value obtained by the position sensor. Thus, the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be appropriately monitored on the basis of the calculated predicted value.

[0111] (6) In some embodiments, on the basis of the structure of the above (4) or (5),

[0112] The prediction unit is configured to calculate a tentative predicted value of the internal clearance and a tentative predicted value of the relative position on the basis of a state quantity representing a state of the rotating machine, and to obtain the predicted value of the internal clearance by adding a difference between the measurement value obtained by the position sensor and the tentative predicted value of the relative position to the tentative predicted value of the internal clearance.

[0113] According to the structure of the above (6), the predicted value of the internal clearance is obtained by adding a difference between a measurement value of the relative position of the housing with respect to the rotating portion in the radial direction (i.e., the external clearance) and a tentative predicted value to a tentative predicted value of the internal clearance, and thus the predicted value of the internal clearance can be appropriately calculated. Thus, the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be appropriately monitored on the basis of the calculated predicted value.

[0114] (7) In several embodiments, on the basis of any of the structures of (1) to (6) above,

[0115] The monitoring device of the rotating machine includes a determination section (56) configured to determine whether or not the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed on the basis of the predicted value of the internal clearance.

[0116] According to the structure of (7) above, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed on the basis of the predicted value of the internal clearance. For example, when the predicted value of the internal clearance is outside a prescribed range, it is possible to determine that the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed. Therefore, by appropriately changing the shape or position of the machine chamber on the basis of the determination result, it is possible to effectively suppress contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion.

[0117] (8) The rotating machine apparatus (100) of at least one embodiment of the present application includes:

[0118] A rotating machine (for example, the steam turbine 1 described above) includes a machine chamber that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion; and

[0119] The monitoring device (for example, the monitoring / control device 90 described above) of any one of (1) to (7) above is used to monitor the clearance of the rotating machine.

[0120] In the structure of (8) above, a position sensor for detecting the relative position of the machine chamber with respect to the rotating portion in the radial direction is provided outside the machine chamber of the rotating machine, and thus, compared to a case in which the position sensor is provided inside the machine chamber, it is possible to easily perform the provision and management of the position sensor. In addition, in the structure of (8) above, the predicted value of the internal clearance of the rotating machine is obtained on the basis of the detection result of the relative position described above detected by the position sensor, and thus it is possible to appropriately monitor the internal clearance of the rotating machine on the basis of the predicted value. As a result, for example, it is possible to effectively suppress contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion. Thus, according to the structure of (8) above, it is possible to balance the easy provision and management of the position sensor and the appropriate monitoring of the internal clearance of the rotating machine.

[0121] (9) In several embodiments, on the basis of the structure of (8) above,

[0122] The monitoring device includes a determination section (56) configured to determine whether or not the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed on the basis of the predicted value of the internal clearance,

[0123] The rotating machine apparatus includes a control section (58) configured to change the shape or position of the machine chamber in such a way that the internal clearance becomes within a prescribed range when it is determined by the determination section that the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed.

[0124] According to the structure of the above (9), when it is judged by the judging section that the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed, the control section can change the shape or position of the machine chamber in such a manner that the internal clearance becomes within the prescribed range. Thus, by appropriately changing the shape or position of the machine chamber based on the judgment result of the judging section, the contact between the rotating section and the stationary section can be effectively suppressed.

[0125] (10) In several embodiments, on the basis of the structure of the above (9),

[0126] The control section is configured to control a temperature adjusting section (60) for heating or cooling at least a portion of the machine chamber or a machine chamber support section that supports the machine chamber, in such a manner that the internal clearance becomes within the prescribed range.

[0127] According to the structure of the above (10), when it is judged by the judging section that the shape or position of the machine chamber needs to be changed, the temperature adjusting section is controlled to heat or cool at least a portion of the machine chamber in such a manner that the internal clearance becomes within the prescribed range. Thus, the contact between the rotating section and the stationary section can be effectively suppressed.

[0128] (11) The computer-readable recording medium of at least one embodiment of the present application, on which a monitoring program of a rotating machine (e.g., the above-described steam turbine 1) is recorded, is a computer-readable recording medium on which a monitoring program for monitoring a clearance of a rotating machine including a machine chamber (e.g., the above-described outer machine chamber 2) that houses a rotating section and a stationary section is recorded, wherein

[0129] The monitoring program is configured to cause a computer (e.g., the above-described processing section 50) to execute the following processes:

[0130] a process of receiving a signal indicating a measurement value of a relative position in a radial direction of the machine chamber with respect to the rotating section detected by a position sensor provided outside the machine chamber; and

[0131] a process of obtaining a predicted value of an internal clearance between the rotating section and the stationary section within the machine chamber based on the measurement value.

[0132] In the program recorded by the recording medium of the above (11), the position sensor for detecting the relative position of the casing with respect to the rotating portion in the radial direction is provided outside the casing of the rotating machine, and thus the position sensor can be easily set and managed compared to a case where the position sensor is provided inside the casing. In addition, in the program recorded by the recording medium of the above (11), the predicted value of the internal clearance of the rotating machine is obtained based on the detection result of the relative position detected by the position sensor, and thus the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be appropriately monitored based on the predicted value. Thus, for example, contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, according to the program recorded by the recording medium of the above (11), easy setting and management of the position sensor and appropriate monitoring of the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be both achieved.

[0133] (12) A monitoring method of a rotating machine (for example, the steam turbine 1 described above) according to at least one embodiment of the present application is a monitoring method for monitoring a clearance of a rotating machine including a casing (for example, the outer casing 2 described above) that houses a rotating portion and a stationary portion, in which

[0134] The monitoring method of the rotating machine includes:

[0135] detecting a relative position of the casing with respect to the rotating portion in the radial direction using a position sensor provided outside the casing (S102); and

[0136] obtaining a predicted value of an internal clearance between the rotating portion and the stationary portion inside the casing based on a detection value detected by the position sensor (S106).

[0137] In the method of the above (12), the position sensor for detecting the relative position of the casing with respect to the rotating portion in the radial direction is provided outside the casing of the rotating machine, and thus the position sensor can be easily set and managed compared to a case where the position sensor is provided inside the casing. In addition, in the method of the above (12), the predicted value of the internal clearance of the rotating machine is obtained based on the detection result of the relative position detected by the position sensor, and thus the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be appropriately monitored based on the predicted value. Thus, for example, contact between the rotating portion and the stationary portion can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, according to the method of the above (12), easy setting and management of the position sensor and appropriate monitoring of the internal clearance of the rotating machine can be both achieved.

[0138] The embodiments of the present application have been described above, but the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes modes obtained by applying modifications to the above-described embodiments and modes obtained by appropriately combining these modes.

[0139] In the present specification, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction", "along a certain direction", "parallel", "orthogonal", "center", "concentric", or "coaxial" indicate not only a strict arrangement but also a state where there is a relative displacement of an angle or a distance to the extent that the same function can be obtained.

[0140] For example, expressions indicating a state where things are equal such as "same", "equal", and "uniform" indicate not only a strict equal state but also a state where there is a difference to the extent that the same function can be obtained.

[0141] In addition, in the present specification, expressions indicating shapes such as a quadrangular shape, a cylindrical shape, and the like indicate not only a geometrically strict quadrangular shape, a cylindrical shape, and the like but also shapes including concave-convex portions, chamfered portions, and the like within a range where the same effect can be obtained.

[0142] In addition, in the present specification, expressions such as "provided with", "including", or "having" a constituent element are not exclusive expressions indicating that the presence of other constituent elements is excluded.

[0143] Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0144] 1 Steam turbine

[0145] 2 Outer machine chamber

[0146] 2A Upper half of machine chamber

[0147] 2B Lower half of machine chamber

[0148] 2a Axial end surface

[0149] 3A Upper side flange portion

[0150] 3B Lower side flange portion

[0151] 4 Cat foot portion

[0152] 8 Machine chamber support portion

[0153] 10 Base

[0154] 12 Rotor

[0155] 14 Moving blade

[0156] 16 Inner machine chamber

[0157] 18 Blade ring

[0158] 19 Stationary blade

[0159] 20 Gas seal ring

[0160] 22 Inner seal cover portion

[0161] 24 outer seal cover portion

[0162] 26 vapor chamber

[0163] 28 seal cover gasket

[0164] 30 position sensor

[0165] 30A upper side sensor

[0166] 30B lower side sensor

[0167] 32 support member

[0168] 40 state quantity sensor

[0169] 50 processing section

[0170] 52 sensor data acquisition section

[0171] 54 prediction section

[0172] 56 determination section

[0173] 58 control section

[0174] 60 temperature adjustment section

[0175] 62 heating section

[0176] 64 cooling section

[0177] 90 monitoring / control device

[0178] 100 rotating machine apparatus

[0179] O center axis

Claims

1. A monitoring device for rotating machinery, used to monitor the clearance of rotating machinery including a machine room housing a rotating part and a stationary part, wherein, The monitoring device for the rotating machinery includes: At least one position sensor, disposed outside the machine room, is used to detect the radial relative position of the machine room with respect to the rotating part; and The prediction unit is configured to obtain a predicted value of the internal gap between the rotating part and the stationary part inside the machine chamber based on the measured value detected by the at least one position sensor. The at least one position sensor is supported on the machine room or a component installed in the machine room, and is configured to detect the radial distance between the at least one position sensor and the rotating part opposite to the at least one position sensor.

2. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The rotating machinery includes an outer sealing sleeve disposed at the axial end of the machine room. The position sensor is supported on the outer sealing sleeve.

3. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one position sensor includes a pair of position sensors disposed axially on both sides of the machine room.

4. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The prediction unit is configured to calculate the predicted value of the internal clearance based on a state quantity representing the state of the rotating machinery and the measured value obtained from the position sensor.

5. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to claim 1, wherein, The prediction unit is configured to calculate the predicted value of the internal clearance using a prediction model that takes a state quantity representing the state of the rotating machinery and the measured value obtained by the position sensor as input.

6. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to claim 4 or 5, wherein, The prediction unit is configured to calculate a provisional predicted value of the internal clearance and a provisional predicted value of the relative position based on a state quantity representing the state of the rotating machinery, and add the difference between the measured value obtained by the position sensor and the provisional predicted value of the relative position to the provisional predicted value of the internal clearance, thereby obtaining the predicted value of the internal clearance.

7. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The monitoring device for the rotating machinery includes a determination unit configured to determine whether the shape or position of the machine room needs to be changed based on the predicted value of the internal clearance.

8. The monitoring device for rotating machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The at least one position sensor is supported on the axial end face of the machine chamber and is configured to detect the radial distance between the at least one position sensor and the rotating part opposite to the at least one position sensor at a position outside the machine chamber in the axial direction.

9. A rotating mechanical device, wherein, The rotating mechanical equipment includes: Rotating machinery, comprising a machine room housing a rotating part and a stationary part; and The monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to monitor the clearance of the rotating machinery.

10. The rotating machinery according to claim 9, wherein, The monitoring device includes a determination unit configured to determine, based on the predicted value of the internal clearance, whether it is necessary to change the shape or location of the machine room. The rotating machinery includes a control unit configured to change the shape or position of the machine room in such a way that the internal clearance is within a specified range when the determination unit determines that the shape or position of the machine room needs to be changed.

11. The rotating machinery according to claim 10, wherein, The control unit is configured to control the temperature regulating unit in such a way that the internal clearance is within a specified range. The temperature regulating unit is used to heat or cool at least a portion of the machine room or the machine room support supporting the machine room.

12. A computer-readable recording medium containing a monitoring program for rotating machinery, said monitoring program being a monitoring program for monitoring the clearance of rotating machinery, including a machine room housing a rotating part and a stationary part, wherein, The monitoring program for the rotating machinery causes the computer to perform the following steps: A process of receiving a signal representing a measured value of the radial relative position of the machine room with respect to the rotating part, detected by a position sensor located outside the machine room; as well as The process of obtaining a predicted value of the internal clearance between the rotating part and the stationary part inside the machine chamber based on the measured value. At least one position sensor is supported in the machine room or on a component installed in the machine room, and is configured to detect the radial distance between the at least one position sensor and the rotating part opposite to the at least one position sensor.

13. A method for monitoring rotating machinery, which is a monitoring method for monitoring the clearance of rotating machinery including a machine room housing a rotating part and a stationary part, wherein, The monitoring method for the rotating machinery includes: The step of using a position sensor located outside the machine room to detect the radial relative position of the machine room with respect to the rotating part; and The step of obtaining a predicted value of the internal gap between the rotating part and the stationary part inside the machine room based on the measured value detected by the position sensor. At least one position sensor is supported in the machine room or on a component installed in the machine room, and is configured to detect the radial distance between the at least one position sensor and the rotating part opposite to the at least one position sensor.

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