Drainage system and method for civil air defense building

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drainage system for a civil air defense building, which includes a basement, a decontamination room, and a civil air defense passage. The drainage system includes: a drainage unit for conveying wastewater generated in the basement and the decontamination room; an anti-poison wave-absorbing unit connected to the drainage unit so as to output poisonous gas and wastewater entering the anti-poison wave-absorbing unit after sedimentation and partially reduce the explosion shock wave entering the unit; and a mud discharge pressure relief unit connected to the anti-poison wave-absorbing unit so as to collect and discharge the wastewater sediment entering the mud discharge pressure relief unit and output the reduced shock wave and poisonous gas. The present invention not only has a drainage function, but can also effectively intercept and remove particulate sediment generated by the drainage system of the civil air defense project, intercept and eliminate the explosion shock wave generated during wartime and then channel it, and effectively isolate and remove the poisonous gas generated during wartime, thereby ensuring the safety inside the civil air defense project.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drainage for civil air defense projects, and in particular to a drainage system and method for civil air defense project buildings. Background Art

[0002] Civil air defense projects, also known as civil air defense projects, are specialized underground structures with specific protective requirements. Civil air defense basements are typically built deep underground, necessitating drainage systems to remove wastewater and groundwater trapped in the surrounding rock fissures to the exterior of the project. This prevents water from accumulating on the ground and impacting the basement's environment.

[0003] Since the sewage in the drainage system is prone to produce toxic gas, if it spreads to the interior of the civil air defense project, it is easy to cause a safety accident; and in wartime, it is necessary to consider enemy gas attacks, so anti-gas facilities need to be set up to block the indoor and outdoor areas to prevent the toxic gas from entering the basement; the existing anti-gas facilities of the drainage system of civil air defense projects mainly consider the installation of water seal wells to block the toxic gas. Civil air defense projects also need to consider explosion-proof facilities to prepare for the requirements of explosion-proof and enemy-blocking during wartime. The existing explosion-proof facilities of the drainage system of civil air defense projects mainly consider the installation of explosion-proof wave wells. In the existing technology, the water seal wells and explosion-proof wave wells of the drainage system are mostly set separately, with a large number of wells, which increases the construction cost and difficulty of construction. In addition, the wastewater in the basement of the civil air defense project and the groundwater in the cracks of the basement surrounding rock contain some granular gravel or other impurities, which can easily block the drainage system and cause it to drain poorly.

[0004] In view of the above situation, it is necessary to study a drainage system for civil air defense engineering buildings to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application aims to solve, at least to a certain extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, the present application aims to provide a drainage system and method for civil air defense buildings that can effectively prevent the entry of toxic gases and explosion shock waves into the civil air defense buildings, and effectively intercept and remove sediment generated within the drainage system, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the drainage system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application proposes a drainage system for a civil air defense building, wherein the civil air defense building includes a basement, a decontamination room and a civil air defense passage; the drainage system includes:

[0007] A drainage unit, used to transport wastewater generated in the basement and the decontamination room, and to transport poisonous gas and explosion shock waves entering the basement;

[0008] The anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit is connected to the drainage unit so as to discharge the poisonous gas and wastewater entering the anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit after sedimentation and partially reduce the explosion shock wave;

[0009] The mud discharge pressure relief unit is connected to the anti-poison wave elimination unit to collect and discharge the wastewater sediment entering the mud discharge pressure relief unit and output the remaining shock wave and poison gas;

[0010] The pressure and poison relief unit is connected to the mud discharge and pressure relief unit so as to transmit the remaining shock waves and poisonous gases to the outside of the civil air defense project building.

[0011] Preferably, the drainage unit includes a connecting pipe connected to the disinfection room and a civil air defense drainage pipe connected to the basement.

[0012] Preferably, the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit is arranged underground in the disinfection room and is connected thereto, and includes a sludge settling area, a water seal area, a middle space, an intermediate horizontal plate and a poison discharge and wave-breaking area arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the connecting pipe is connected to the middle space.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit also includes at least two symmetrically arranged three-way pipes, one of which is connected to the civil defense drainage pipe, and the outlet section of the three-way pipe has a lower drainage pipe and an upper exhaust pipe, the lower drainage pipe extends into the water seal area, and the upper exhaust pipe extends into the poison discharge and wave-breaking area.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit further includes an inspection shaft arranged at the upper end of the poison discharge and wave-breaking area, and a first pressure-bearing sealing cover plate is provided between the poison discharge and wave-breaking area and the inspection shaft; the upper end of the inspection shaft is connected to the disinfection chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the mud discharge and pressure relief unit is arranged underground in the civil air defense passage and is connected thereto, including a mud drainage area, a water collection area, a poison gas collection area and an explosion shock wave area arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and the mud drainage area is connected to the mud sedimentation area through a mud discharge connecting pipe; the bottom elevation of the mud drainage area is lower than the water seal area; the wastewater outlet end of the other three-way pipe is connected to the water collection area through a connecting pipe; the poison discharge and wave elimination area is connected to the poison gas collection area and the explosion shock wave area through an air pressure connecting pipe; the collected water in the water collection area is discharged to the outside of the civil air defense building through a drainage pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure relief and detoxification unit includes a pressure relief and detoxification pipe and an outdoor green area. The inlet end of the pressure relief and detoxification pipe is connected to the toxic gas collection and explosion shock wave area, and the outlet end of the pressure relief and detoxification pipe is provided with a pressure relief and detoxification cap and extends out of the outdoor green area.

[0017] Preferably, the inlet end of the connecting pipe is provided with an explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain; the outlet end of the upper exhaust pipe is provided with a one-way exhaust valve.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the maintenance shaft and the mud discharge and pressure relief unit are both provided with a second load-bearing sealing cover plate.

[0019] The drainage method of the drainage system of the fire-proof engineering building includes the following processes:

[0020] Drainage and mud discharge process: When surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater are generated in the basement, the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the basement will pass through the civil air defense drainage pipe and the lower end drainage pipe in sequence, and then be discharged to the water seal area and the sedimentation area in sequence; the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the basement will be discharged to the water collection area through the connecting pipe after settling in the sedimentation area, and then discharged into the drainage system through the drain pipe; when surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater are generated in the decontamination room, the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the decontamination room will be discharged to the middle space, the water seal area and the sedimentation area through the connecting pipe in sequence, and the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the decontamination room will be discharged into the water collection area through the connecting pipe after settling in the sedimentation area, and then discharged into the drainage system through the outlet pipe of the connecting pipe; the sediment settled in the sedimentation area will be settled into the mud drainage area through the mud discharge connecting pipe due to gravity and scouring, and will be pumped out to the external area of ​​the civil air defense project building by a mobile mud discharge pump;

[0021] Anti-poisoning process: When poisonous gas is generated in the drainage system, it is discharged to the outdoor green area through the upper exhaust pipe, one-way exhaust valve, poison discharge and wave elimination area, air pressure connecting pipe, pressure relief and poison discharge pipe, and pressure relief and poison discharge cap, thereby channeling and isolating the poisonous gas and preventing it from entering the civil air defense building;

[0022] Explosion-proof process: When an explosion occurs outside the civil air defense building, the explosion shock wave enters the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit from the outside of the civil air defense building through the drain pipe, mud discharge pressure relief unit, and connecting pipe in turn for decompression and dissipation. The remaining small amount of shock wave enters the mud discharge pressure relief unit through the air pressure connecting pipe in turn, and is discharged to the outdoor green area through the pressure relief and detoxification pipe and pressure relief and detoxification cap to prevent the explosion shock wave from entering the civil air defense building.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:

[0024] 1. The drainage system and method of the civil air defense engineering building of the present invention not only has the drainage function, but also can effectively intercept and remove the particulate sediment generated by the drainage system of the civil air defense engineering, intercept and eliminate the explosion shock wave generated during wartime, and then guide it, and effectively isolate and remove the poisonous gas generated during wartime, thereby ensuring the safety and stability inside the civil air defense engineering.

[0025] 2. The drainage system and method of the civil air defense engineering building of the present invention integrates anti-poisoning and explosion-proofing into one through the anti-poisoning and wave-breaking unit, which greatly reduces the construction cost and difficulty of construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3It is a top view of the present invention.

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 1. Basement; 2. Decontamination room; 3. Air-raid passage; 300. Drainage unit; 601. Explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain; 602. Connecting pipe; 7. Air-raid drainage pipe; 400. Anti-poison and wave-breaking unit; 401. Mud-setting area; 402. Water-sealed area; 403. Middle space; 404. Middle horizontal plate; 405. Poison-releasing and wave-breaking area; 406. First pressure-bearing sealing cover plate; 407. Maintenance shaft; 408. Second load-bearing sealing cover; 410. Tee; 411. Lower end drainage pipe; 412, upper end exhaust pipe; 416, fixed bracket; 414, one-way exhaust valve; 500, mud discharge pressure relief unit; 501, mud drainage area; 502, water collection area; 503, toxic gas and explosion shock wave collection area; 504, maintenance ladder; 600, pressure and detoxification unit; 101, pressure and detoxification pipe; 102, pressure and detoxification cap; 8, air pressure connecting pipe; 9, mud discharge connecting pipe; 11, outdoor greening area; 12, connecting pipe, 13, drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 3 : The drainage system of the civil air defense engineering building, which includes a basement 1, a decontamination room 2 and a civil air defense passage 3; the drainage system includes:

[0033] Drainage unit 300, used to transport sewage and wastewater generated in the basement 1 and the decontamination room 2;

[0034] The anti-poison and wave-dissipating unit 400 is connected to the drainage unit 300 to discharge the poisonous gas and wastewater entering the anti-poison and wave-dissipating unit 400 after sedimentation, and to partially reduce the explosion shock wave entering the anti-poison and wave-dissipating unit 400;

[0035] The mud discharge pressure relief unit 500 is connected to the anti-poison wave elimination unit 400 to collect and discharge the wastewater sediment entering the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500 and output the remaining shock waves and poisonous gases;

[0036] The pressure relief and poison removal unit 600 is connected to the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500 so as to transmit the remaining shock waves and poisonous gases to the outside of the civil air defense building.

[0037] The anti-poison wave-breaking unit 400 and the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500 are both reinforced concrete structures with a wall thickness of not less than 200 mm; the net size of the anti-poison wave-breaking unit 400 is 2.0 m in length, 1.0 m in width and 2.4 m in depth; the net size of the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500 is 1.0 m in length, 1.0 m in width and 2.6 m in depth.

[0038] Since the water seal wells, explosion-proof wave wells and drainage systems of the civil air defense engineering building drainage system are all independently set, there are technical problems such as a large number of wells, high construction costs and great construction difficulty; at the same time, the drainage system also has the technical problem that the wastewater in the basement and the groundwater in the cracks of the basement surrounding rock contain some granular gravel or other impurities, which easily clog the drainage system and cause poor drainage. Through the drainage unit, anti-poison wave-breaking unit, mud discharge and pressure relief unit and pressure and detoxification unit of the present invention, the anti-poison wave-breaking unit and the mud discharge and pressure relief unit are set on the drainage system of the civil air defense engineering, which can not only effectively intercept and remove the granular sediment generated by the drainage system of the civil air defense engineering, but also intercept and eliminate the explosion shock wave generated during wartime and then dredge it, and effectively isolate and remove the poisonous gas generated during wartime, thereby ensuring the safety and stability inside the civil air defense engineering; at the same time, the anti-poison wave-breaking unit integrates anti-poison and explosion-proof functions, greatly reducing the construction cost and construction difficulty.

[0039] When the civil air defense building generates surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater, the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater are transported to the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400 through the drainage unit 300. The sediment of the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater settles at the bottom of the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400 due to gravity. The sediment settled at the bottom of the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400 enters the bottom of the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500 due to gravity and water flow scouring. The sediment in the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500 is pumped out to the appropriate area outside the civil air defense building (not shown in the figure) by a mobile mud discharge pump, and the wastewater is discharged to the outside of the civil air defense building through the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500.

[0040] If toxic gas is generated by wastewater in the drainage system or if toxic gas is released outside a civil air defense building during wartime, the gas will enter the anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit 400 and the mud and pressure relief unit 500. It will then be discharged to the exterior of the civil air defense building through the pressure and poison relief unit 600, effectively channeling and isolating the toxic gas, preventing it from entering the interior of the building and ensuring indoor safety. It should be noted that if toxic gas is released outside a civil air defense building, it will enter the anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit 400 through the drain pipe 13, the mud and pressure relief unit 500, and the connecting pipe 12, and then enter the interior of the civil air defense building, causing a safety accident.

[0041] When an explosion occurs, the explosion shock wave outside the civil air defense project building enters the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400 through the drain pipe 13, the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500, and the connecting pipe 12 for effective decompression, so that the shock wave can be partially eliminated; the remaining shock wave after decompression is discharged to the outside of the civil air defense project building through the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500 and the pressure and poison discharge unit 600 in turn, effectively eliminating the explosion shock wave, preventing the explosion shock wave from causing damage to the civil air defense project building, and ensuring the safety of the project.

[0042] In one embodiment, the drainage unit 300 includes a connecting pipe 602 connected to the decontamination room 2 and a civil air defense drainage pipe 7 connected to the basement 1. The civil air defense drainage pipe 7 is a component of the drainage system of the civil air defense project, and has a nominal diameter of not less than 250 mm. The connecting pipe 602 discharges the wastewater and surrounding rock fissure water in the decontamination room 2 to the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400, and the civil air defense drainage pipe 7 discharges the wastewater and surrounding rock fissure water in the basement to the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400. The wastewater from multiple areas of the basement 1 is collected into the civil air defense drainage pipe 7 through a connecting pipe, and an explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain (not shown in the figure) is provided at the inlet end of the connecting pipe connected to the basement 1.

[0043] The inlet end of the connecting pipe 602 of the decontamination room 2 is equipped with an explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain 601. The explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain 601 is made of stainless steel and is a DN80 model. The nominal diameter of the connecting pipe 602 is 80 mm. The explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain 601 can prevent poisonous gases and explosion shock waves from entering the civil air defense building.

[0044] Furthermore, the anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit 400 is located underground in the decontamination chamber 2 and is connected thereto. It comprises, from bottom to top, a sludge area 401, a water seal area 402, a central space 403, a middle horizontal plate 404, and a poison-discharging and wave-dissipation area 405. A connecting pipe 602 is connected to the central space 403. The sludge area 401 is 0.5m high, the water seal area 402 is 0.3m high, and the central space 403 is 0.5m high. The middle horizontal plate 404 is a reinforced concrete structure with a thickness of 200mm. The poison-discharging and wave-dissipation area 405 is filled with 3-4cm clean graded gravel with a thickness of 0.5m. The anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit 400 integrates both anti-poison and explosion-proof features, significantly reducing construction costs and difficulty.

[0045] Furthermore, the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400 also includes at least two symmetrically arranged tees 410, one of which is connected to the civil air defense drainage pipe 7. The outlet section of the tee 410 includes a lower drain pipe 411 and an upper exhaust pipe 412. The lower drain pipe 411 extends into the water seal area 402, and the upper exhaust pipe 412 extends into the poison discharge and wave-breaking area 405. A one-way exhaust valve 414 is provided at the outlet end of the upper exhaust pipe 412. The diameter of the lower drain pipe 411 is DN300, and the diameter of the upper exhaust pipe 412 is DN100. The lower drain pipe 411 extends into the water seal area 402 to a depth of 0.3m. The one-way exhaust valve 414 is a one-way finished air valve of DN100. The tee 410 is a 90-degree tee, and its connection to the civil air defense drainage pipe 7, the lower drain pipe 411, and the upper exhaust pipe 412 is sealed with a rubber ring.

[0046] Furthermore, the anti-poison and wave-dissipation unit 400 includes a maintenance shaft 407 located above the poison-dissipation and wave-dissipation zone 405. A first pressure-bearing sealing cover plate 406 is located between the poison-dissipation and wave-dissipation zone 405 and the maintenance shaft 407. The upper end of the maintenance shaft 407 communicates with the decontamination chamber 2. The first pressure-bearing sealing cover plate 406 has a diameter of 700 mm. The maintenance shaft 407 is a reinforced concrete structure with a diameter of 1.0 m and a depth determined by the actual buried depth of the drainage system. The first load-bearing sealing cover plate 406 also has a diameter of 700 mm and a load-bearing capacity of Class-20 for automobiles.

[0047] In one embodiment, the mud drainage pressure relief unit 500 is located underground in the civil air defense passage 3 and is connected thereto. It comprises, from bottom to top, a mud drainage area 501, a water collection area 502, and a toxic gas and explosion shock wave collection area 503. The mud drainage area 501 is connected to the sedimentation area 401 via a mud drainage connecting pipe 9. The bottom elevation of the mud drainage area 501 is lower than that of the water seal area 402. A connecting pipe 12 connects the wastewater outlet of a separate tee pipe 410 to the water collection area 502. The toxic gas and explosion shock wave collection area 405 is connected to the toxic gas and explosion shock wave collection area 503 via an air pressure connecting pipe 8. Water collected in the water collection area 502 is discharged to the exterior of the civil air defense structure via a drain pipe 13. The mud drainage pressure relief unit 500 is also provided with a water outlet pipe to facilitate the outflow of water entering the mud drainage pressure relief unit 500.

[0048] The mud drainage area 501 is 1.0m deep, with its bottom elevation 0.2m lower than the water seal area 402 within the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400. Furthermore, a steel maintenance ladder 504 is installed on the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500 for easy maintenance. The air pressure connecting pipe 8 has a diameter of DN50, while the mud discharge connecting pipe 9 has a diameter of DN300. Its starting point is laid along the inner bottom of the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400, with a slope of 0.005 relative to the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500.

[0049] In one embodiment, the pressure relief and detoxification unit 600 includes a pressure relief and detoxification pipe 101 and an outdoor green area 11. The inlet end of the pressure relief and detoxification pipe 101 is connected to the toxic gas collecting and explosion shock wave area 503, and the outlet end of the pressure relief and detoxification pipe 101 is provided with a pressure relief and detoxification cap 102 and extends out of the outdoor green area 11.

[0050] In one embodiment, a second load-bearing sealing cover plate 408 is provided at the top of the maintenance shaft 407 and the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500. With this design, the sealing cover plate 408 facilitates the staff to enter the maintenance shaft 407 and the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500 for maintenance.

[0051] In addition, waterproof and sealed sleeves 409 are installed at the connections between the anti-poison wave-breaking unit 400, the mud discharge and pressure relief unit 500 and the civil air defense drainage pipe 7, the upper exhaust pipe 412, the air pressure connecting pipe 8, the mud discharge connecting pipe 9, etc. The nominal diameter of the waterproof and sealed sleeve 409 is two levels larger than that of the protective pipe. The two ends of the pipe are closed with sealing plates, and the inside is sealed with sealing materials, such as hemp.

[0052] Drainage method of drainage system of civil air defense project building:

[0053] Drainage and mud discharge process of the drainage system of the civil air defense engineering building: When the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater are generated in the basement 1, the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the basement 1 are sequentially discharged through the civil air defense drainage pipe 7 and the lower end drainage pipe 411 to the water seal area 402 and the sedimentation area 401. The surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the basement 1 are precipitated in the sedimentation area 401, discharged into the water collection area 502 through the connecting pipe 12, and then discharged from the drainage system through the outlet pipe of the connecting pipe 12; When the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater are generated in the decontamination room 2, The surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the decontamination room 2 are discharged to the middle space 403, the water seal area 402, and the sedimentation area 401 in sequence through the connecting pipe 602. The surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the decontamination room 2 are precipitated in the sedimentation area 401, discharged to the water collection area 502 through the connecting pipe 12, and then discharged to the drainage system through the drain pipe 13; the sediment settled in the sedimentation area 401 is precipitated into the sedimentation area 501 through the mud discharge connecting pipe 9 due to gravity and scouring, and is pumped to the external area of ​​the civil air defense project building by a mobile mud discharge pump.

[0054] The anti-poisoning process of the drainage system of civil air defense buildings: When poisonous gas is generated in the outdoor drainage system or poisonous gas is released outside the civil air defense building during wartime, the poisonous gas will be discharged to the outdoor green area 11 through the upper exhaust pipe 412, the one-way exhaust valve 414, the poison discharge and wave-breaking area 405, the air pressure connecting pipe 8, the pressure relief and poison discharge pipe 101, and the pressure relief and poison discharge cap 102, effectively channeling and isolating the poisonous gas to prevent it from entering the interior of the civil air defense building and ensure indoor safety.

[0055] Explosion-proof process of the drainage system of civil air defense buildings: When an explosion occurs outside the civil air defense building, the explosion shock wave enters the anti-poison and wave-breaking unit 400 from the outside of the civil air defense building through the drain pipe 13, the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500, and the connecting pipe 12 in sequence for decompression and elimination. The remaining small amount of shock wave enters the mud discharge pressure relief unit 500 through the air pressure connecting pipe 8 in sequence, and is discharged to the outdoor green area 11 through the pressure relief and detoxification pipe 101 and the pressure relief and detoxification cap 102, so as to prevent the explosion shock wave from entering the civil air defense building.

[0056] The explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain prevents toxic gases and explosion shock waves from entering civil air defense buildings. The toxic gases and explosion shock waves that enter the drainage system are then discharged outside the building. This invention integrates drainage, mud removal, gas prevention, and explosion protection into one device, significantly reducing the construction cost and difficulty of the drainage system for civil air defense buildings.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage system for a civil air defense building, the civil air defense building comprising a basement (1), a decontamination room (2) and a civil air defense passage (3), characterized in that: The drainage system includes: A drainage unit (300) for collecting and transporting sewage and wastewater generated in the basement (1) and the decontamination room (2); The anti-poison and wave-dissipating unit (400) is connected to the drainage unit (300) so as to discharge the poisonous gas and wastewater entering the anti-poison and wave-dissipating unit (400) after sedimentation and partially dissipate the explosion shock wave entering the unit; The mud discharge pressure relief unit (500) is connected to the anti-poison wave elimination unit (400) so as to collect and discharge the wastewater sediment entering the mud discharge pressure relief unit (500) and output the remaining shock waves and poisonous gases; A pressure and poison removal unit (600) is connected to the mud discharge and pressure relief unit (500) so as to transmit the remaining shock waves and poisonous gases to the outside of the civil air defense building; The anti-poison wave-breaking unit (400) and the mud discharge pressure relief unit (500) are both reinforced concrete structures; The drainage unit (300) includes a connecting pipe (602) communicating with the decontamination room (2) and a civil air-defense drainage pipe (7) communicating with the basement (1); The anti-poison wave-breaking unit (400) is arranged underground in the decontamination room (2) and is in communication with the decontamination room (2), and comprises a mud settling area (401), a water seal area (402), a middle space (403), a middle horizontal plate (404), and a poison discharge and wave-breaking area (405) arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the connecting pipe (602) is in communication with the middle space (403); The anti-poison and wave-breaking unit (400) further comprises at least two symmetrically arranged three-way pipes (410), wherein one of the three-way pipes (410) is connected to the civil air-defense drainage pipe (7), and the outlet section of the three-way pipe (410) comprises a lower end drainage pipe (411) and an upper end exhaust pipe (412), wherein the lower end drainage pipe (411) extends into the water seal area (402), and the upper end exhaust pipe (412) extends into the poison-discharging and wave-breaking area (405); The anti-poison wave-breaking unit (400) further comprises an inspection shaft (407) arranged at the upper end of the poison discharge and wave-breaking area (405); a first pressure-bearing sealing cover plate (406) is provided between the poison discharge and wave-breaking area (405) and the inspection shaft (407); the upper end of the inspection shaft (407) is communicated with the decontamination chamber (2).

2. The drainage system for a civil air defense building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud discharge pressure relief unit (500) is arranged underground in the civil air defense passage (3) and is in communication with the same, and comprises a mud discharge area (501), a water collection area (502), and a poison gas and explosion shock wave area (503) arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the mud discharge area (501) is connected to the mud settling area (401) via a mud discharge connecting pipe (9); the bottom elevation of the mud discharge area (501) is lower than that of the water seal area (402); the wastewater outlet end of another three-way pipe (410) is connected to the water collection area (502) via a connecting pipe (12); the poison discharge and wave elimination area (405) is connected to the poison gas and explosion shock wave area (503) via an air pressure connecting pipe (8); the collected water in the water collection area (502) is discharged to the outside of the civil air defense building via a drainage pipe (13).

3. The drainage system for a civil air defense building according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief and detoxification unit (600) comprises a pressure relief and detoxification pipe (101) and an outdoor green area (11); the inlet end of the pressure relief and detoxification pipe (101) is connected to the poison gas collection and explosion shock wave area (503); the outlet end of the pressure relief and detoxification pipe (101) is provided with a pressure relief and detoxification cap (102) and extends out of the outdoor green area (11).

4. The drainage system for a civil air defense building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet end of the connecting pipe (602) is provided with an explosion-proof water-sealed floor drain (601); the outlet end of the upper exhaust pipe (412) is provided with a one-way exhaust valve (414).

5. The drainage system for a civil air defense building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tops of the maintenance shaft (407) and the mud discharge pressure relief unit (500) are both provided with a second load-bearing sealing cover plate (408).

6. A drainage method for a drainage system of a civil air defense building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The process includes the following: Drainage and mud discharge process: When the basement (1) produces surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater, the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater produced by the basement (1) are sequentially discharged through the civil air defense drainage pipe (7), the lower end drainage pipe (411), and then sequentially discharged to the water seal area (402) and the mud sedimentation area (401); the surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater produced by the basement (1) are precipitated in the mud sedimentation area (401), and then discharged to the water collection area (502) through the connecting pipe (12), and then discharged to the drainage system through the drain pipe (13); when the decontamination room (2) produces surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater, the decontamination room (2) produces The surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater are discharged to the middle space (403), the water seal area (402), and the mud settling area (401) in sequence through the connecting pipe (602). The surrounding rock fissure water and wastewater generated in the decontamination room (2) are discharged to the water collection area (502) through the connecting pipe (12) after being precipitated in the mud settling area (401), and then discharged to the drainage system through the drainage pipe (13); the sediments deposited in the mud settling area (401) are deposited into the mud drainage area (501) through the mud drainage connecting pipe (9) due to gravity and scouring, and are pumped out to the external area of ​​the civil air defense engineering building by the mobile mud drainage pump; Anti-poisoning process: When poisonous gas is generated in the drainage system, the poisonous gas is discharged to the outdoor green area (11) through the upper exhaust pipe (412), the one-way exhaust valve (414), the poison discharge and wave elimination area (405), the air pressure connecting pipe (8), the pressure relief and poison discharge pipe (101), and the pressure relief and poison discharge cap (102), thereby guiding and isolating the poisonous gas and preventing the poisonous gas from entering the interior of the civil air defense project building; Explosion-proof process: When an explosion occurs outside the civil air defense building, the explosion shock wave enters the anti-poison wave elimination unit (400) from the outside of the civil air defense building through the drain pipe (13), the mud discharge pressure relief unit (500), and the connecting pipe (12) in sequence for decompression and elimination. The small amount of shock wave remaining after elimination enters the mud discharge pressure relief unit (500) through the air pressure connecting pipe (8) in sequence, and is discharged to the outdoor green area (11) through the pressure relief and detoxification pipe (101) and the pressure relief and detoxification cap (102), thereby preventing the explosion shock wave from entering the civil air defense building.

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