Gold flotation process and equipment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gold flotation process and equipment, which relates to the technical field of mining equipment, including gold ore crushing, screening and grinding, one-stage classification, two-stage classification, and one-stage flotation and two-stage flotation steps. Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a gold flotation equipment, including a trough body, a feeding assembly, a mixing assembly and a flotation assembly. By setting the trough body, the feeding assembly and the mixing assembly, the slurry in the trough body can be transported to the mixing assembly through the feeding assembly. In the process of the slurry being ejected at high speed through the mixing assembly, a negative pressure is formed in the mixing assembly, and air is extracted into the mixing assembly. At this time, the jet slurry wraps the gas and enters the downpipe. Due to the high turbulence of the fluid, the gas is divided into countless tiny bubbles and continuously collides and adsorbs with the ore particles. Compared with the traditional mechanical stirring flotation machine, the device mixes the bubbles and the slurry by high-speed jet, which can generate more bubbles and effectively improve the flotation efficiency of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining equipment, and in particular to a gold flotation process and equipment. Background Art

[0002] For gold ore sorting, the current process utilizes gravity separation followed by grinding and flotation. This process is suitable for easily dissociated coarse and medium-grained minerals, but is less effective for recovering fine-grained minerals, with most of the gold lost as gold inclusions. Zaozigou Gold Mine's beneficiation technicians have continuously optimized the grinding and flotation process and reagent system over the years, resulting in a steady decrease in tailings grade. However, due to the limited properties of the ore, the average tailings grade from conventional flotation processes remains above 0.8g / t. Further improvements require advanced technology and equipment.

[0003] Practical research has revealed that the recovery of gold encapsulated in fine particles requires two key approaches: efficient fine grinding and enhanced fine particle flotation. The Zaozigou gold mine already boasts a fineness of -0.074mm, exceeding 85%. Continuing to increase conventional grinding would exponentially increase grinding costs and lead to severe mud formation, compromising flotation performance. Therefore, employing efficient fine grinding equipment to further grind the ore and improve the dissociation of mineral monomers, combined with specialized fine particle flotation equipment to recover gold lost in the tailings, represents the optimal solution based on both technical and economic considerations.

[0004] Starting in May 2021, Zaozigou Gold Mine's mineral processing technicians began conducting in-depth research on fine grinding and micro-particle flotation equipment, focusing on the pilot application of a sand mill combined with a microbubble flotation machine. Following the development of fine-particle grinding and flotation technologies, they conducted a semi-industrial trial of a sand mill combined with a microbubble flotation machine in the field of microbubble flotation technology, aiming to reduce gold losses in recovered tailings and improve the company's economic benefits.

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a gold flotation process and equipment to solve the problem of difficulty in recovering gold encapsulated in fine particles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gold flotation process and equipment to solve the problem of difficulty in recovering gold encapsulated in fine particles.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a gold ore flotation process, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. The raw ore is fed into the jaw crusher for primary crushing, and the coarse particles after primary crushing are fed into the cone crusher for secondary crushing;

[0009] S2. The secondary crushed ore is screened by a double-layer vibrating screen. The qualified materials enter the fine ore bin for grinding, and the unqualified materials are returned and continued to be crushed;

[0010] S3, first stage grinding and classification: The first stage grinding adopts wet grid ball mill. The ball mill discharge is first separated by jigging. The heavy sand is pumped to the shaking table. The tailings are pumped into the cyclone for classification. The settled sand is returned to the ball mill for re-grinding. The overflow enters the centrifuge for separation. The heavy sand product enters the shaking table separator. The tailings enter the first stage flotation system.

[0011] S4, Secondary Grinding and Classification: The tailings from the first flotation stage are pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification. Part of the underflow product enters the flash flotation process. The tailings from the flash flotation process flow by gravity to the first set of wet ball mills, and the remaining part enters the first set of wet ball mills. The discharges from the first and second sets of wet ball mills first enter the jig separation process, and the heavy sand enters the shaking table separation process. The jig tailings are mixed and returned to the hydrocyclone. The overflow from the hydrocyclone enters the secondary flotation system.

[0012] S5, first stage flotation: The overflow from the cyclone classification is sorted by the centrifuge and then enters the first stage flotation equipment. The first stage flotation concentrate is recovered to the thickener, and the rougher tailings enter the middling box for second stage classification grinding;

[0013] S6, Secondary flotation: The overflow of the cyclone directly enters the secondary flotation equipment, the secondary flotation concentrate is recovered to the thickener, and the tailings are pumped to the tailings dewatering and dry discharge system;

[0014] S7. After the concentrate in the thickener is thickened, the underflow flows by gravity to the high-concentration mixing tank. After stirring and slurry adjustment, it is pumped into the diaphragm filter press by the slurry pump for filtration. The filter cake is the final gold concentrate and is stored in the concentrate warehouse;

[0015] S8. The tailings sent to the tailings dewatering and dry discharge system are thickened by the deep cone thickener, and the underflow is pumped into the high-concentration mixing tank. After stirring and slurry adjustment, they are pumped into the diaphragm filter press for filtration, and the filter cakes are transported to the tailings pond for dry storage.

[0016] In the above process, the gold grade of tailings is reduced through efficient fine grinding and enhanced fine particle flotation, which can greatly reduce the grade of tailings gold and significantly improve the recovery rate of gold products.

[0017] At the same time, in order to better carry out the first and second stage flotation, the flotation equipment is also designed, and a gold ore flotation equipment is specifically proposed, including a trough body, a feeding assembly, a mixing assembly and a flotation assembly, wherein the feeding assembly is arranged on one side of the trough body, the mixing assembly is arranged inside the flotation assembly, and the mixing assembly and the flotation assembly are both arranged at the top of the trough body; the feeding assembly includes a feeding pump, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the trough body; the mixing assembly includes a mixing head, which is arranged above the trough body; a connecting sleeve adapted to the connecting head is fixedly provided at the top of the mixing head, an air intake hood with an annular structure is provided on the outside of the mixing head, an air intake pipe is fixedly provided on the middle part of the outer wall of the air intake hood, a lower punch is provided at the bottom end of the mixing head, and a material guide hood is provided at the bottom end of the lower punch;

[0018] The top end of the outer wall of the material guide cover is set to an inclined structure, and a plurality of material guide holes are opened around the top end of the outer wall of the material guide cover, a material distribution cover is fixedly set at the bottom end of the material guide cover, and the material distribution cover is set to a hollow boss-shaped structure, and a plurality of through grooves are opened around the bottom end of the outer wall of the material distribution cover; an adjustment component is provided on the support bar below the material distribution cover, and the adjustment component includes a lower electromagnetic part installed above the support bar, a buffer spring is provided on the lower electromagnetic part, an upper electromagnetic part is provided above the buffer spring, and the upper electromagnetic part is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the material distribution cover; the flotation component includes a fixed trough and a discharge trough, and the fixed trough and the discharge trough are both arranged above the trough body, the discharge trough is arranged on the outside of the fixed trough, and the bottom end of the discharge trough is set to an inclined structure.

[0019] Preferably, the input end of the feeding pump is arranged inside the tank body, the output end of the feeding pump is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe, and one end of the feeding pipe is fixedly provided with a connecting head.

[0020] Preferably, a cavity with a conical structure is provided inside the mixing head, and a fixed block with a funnel-shaped structure is provided inside the cavity, an air guide cavity with an annular structure is provided inside the fixed block, a plurality of air guide holes are provided through the inner wall of the bottom end of the air guide cavity, an air guide nozzle is fixedly provided at one end of the air guide hole, and the air guide nozzle is provided below the fixed block, the air guide nozzle and the air guide hole are both provided with a conical structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, a plurality of air inlet holes are provided through the inner side wall of the air guide cavity, and a stopper with a conical structure is fixedly provided at one end of the inner side wall of the air inlet hole.

[0021] Preferably, a nozzle is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mixing head, a plurality of diverter strips are arranged around the bottom end of the nozzle, and the diverter strips are arranged in a "J"-shaped structure, and a diverter block with a conical structure is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the diverter strips.

[0022] Preferably, a sealing plate is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the outer side wall of the mixing head, and the lower surface of the sealing plate is in contact with the top end of the lower punch pipe.

[0023] Preferably, a discharge pipe is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the discharge trough, a mounting frame with an annular structure is fixedly provided on the top of the fixed trough, a plurality of mounting seats are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the mounting frame, a spray head is provided at one end of the mounting seat, and the spray head is arranged as an inclined structure.

[0024] Preferably, a water pipe is fixedly provided at the top of the discharge trough, the top of the sprinkler head is fixedly provided on one side of the water pipe, a fixed cover is fixedly provided at one end of the discharge pipe, and a foam filter is provided inside the fixed cover.

[0025] Preferably, the bottom end of the fixed groove is configured as a funnel-shaped structure, and a support frame is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the fixed groove, and a slag discharge hole with an annular structure is fixedly provided on the inner side of the support frame.

[0026] Preferably, a waste pipe is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the support frame, and a valve is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the waste pipe.

[0027] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0028] 1. The present invention is provided with a trough body, a feeding assembly and a mixing assembly. The slurry in the trough body can be transported to the mixing assembly through the feeding assembly. When the slurry is ejected at high speed through the mixing assembly, a negative pressure is formed in the mixing assembly, and air is drawn into the mixing assembly. At this time, the jet slurry wraps the gas and enters the downpipe. Due to the highly turbulent effect of the fluid, the gas is divided into countless tiny bubbles and continuously collides and adsorbs with the mineral particles to complete the mineralization process. Compared with the traditional mechanical stirring flotation machine, the present device mixes the bubbles and slurry by means of high-speed jet, which can generate more bubbles, thereby effectively improving the flotation efficiency of the device.

[0029] 2. The present invention provides a mixing assembly, which includes a mixing head. A funnel-shaped fixed block is provided inside the mixing head. The external air is drawn into the air guide holes below the fixed block under the action of the negative pressure inside the mixing head, and the bubbles at the air guide holes can be wrapped by the high-speed jet slurry, thereby achieving rapid mixing of the bubbles and the slurry. At the same time, the funnel-shaped structure of the fixed block will not affect the flow of the slurry. The fixed block can also play a certain guiding role on the bubbles, ensuring that the bubbles can follow the movement of the slurry, thereby improving the mixing effect of the bubbles and the slurry.

[0030] 3. The present invention incorporates an adjustment assembly. When processing low-concentration slurry, the buffer spring is naturally extended, and the through-channel beneath the distribution hood is relatively high. After the slurry is diverted by the distribution hood, some concentrate rises under the combined action of the flotation agent and bubbles and is discharged through the guide holes. The concentrate and tailings that are unable to follow the bubbles are discharged through the through-channel and enter the fixed trough for secondary sorting. Due to the high height of the through-channel, a large amount of slurry can quickly pass through the through-channel and enter the fixed trough for secondary sorting, ensuring efficient processing of low-concentration slurry.

[0031] 4. The present invention provides an adjustment component. When processing a high-concentration slurry, by controlling the lower and upper electromagnetic parts to be energized simultaneously and to generate opposite magnetism, a magnetic attraction is generated between the two parts, which brings them closer to each other. The buffer spring is compressed and drives the distribution cover downward. This not only increases the distance of the high-concentration slurry from entering the guide cover to the distribution cover, but also facilitates more bubbles to overflow upward, thereby improving the effect of primary sorting, reducing the pressure of subsequent secondary sorting, and improving the recovery effect of concentrate. It can also reduce the height of the through slot, further reducing the amount of slurry passing through the through slot, allowing most of the slurry to be ejected through the guide hole, increasing the pressure of the slurry ejected through the guide hole, and allowing the high-concentration slurry to be ejected farther, making the slurry more dispersed in the fixed slot, and better mixing with the bubbles generated by the microbubble generating device in the fixed slot body, thereby cooperating with the flotation agent to float the concentrate in the slurry again, greatly improving the sorting effect of the concentrate in the high-concentration slurry and improving the recovery rate of gold ore.

[0032] 5. The present invention incorporates an adjustment assembly. When cleaning the air nozzle and air holes, the control system simultaneously energizes the lower and upper electromagnetic parts, generating the same magnetism. This creates a magnetic repulsion between the two parts, pushing them away from each other. The buffer spring is stretched, driving the material distribution cover upward. The upward movement of the material distribution cover compresses and contacts the inner wall of the material distribution cover, forming a seal between the two. Flushing water is then introduced through the lower flush pipe and discharged from the air nozzle and air holes, achieving automatic cleaning of the air nozzle and air holes, reducing the difficulty and workload of manual cleaning with significant results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is the overall process flow chart of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is the overall equipment connection diagram of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tank body and flotation assembly of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flotation assembly of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mixing assembly of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the mixing assembly structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mixing assembly structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0042] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the mixing head structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the tank structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 It is a bottom view schematic diagram of the tank structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 13 It is a schematic top view of the flotation assembly structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 14 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the material separation cover when separating low-concentration slurry in the present invention.

[0048] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the material separation cover when separating low-height slurry according to the present invention.

[0049] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the material cover when cleaning the air guide nozzle and the air guide hole of the present invention.

[0050] Figure: 1, tank; 2, feeding assembly; 3, mixing assembly; 4, flotation assembly; 201, feeding pump; 202, feeding pipe; 203, connector; 301, mixing head; 302, connecting sleeve; 303, air inlet cover; 304, air inlet pipe; 305, lower punch; 306, guide cover; 307, fixing block; 308, air guide cavity; 309, air guide hole; 310, air guide nozzle; 311, air inlet hole; 312, stopper; 313, nozzle; 314, diverter strip; 315, diverter block ; 316, sealing plate; 317, material guide hole; 318, material distribution cover; 319, through groove; 320, support bar; 321, lower electromagnetic part; 322, buffer spring; 323, upper electromagnetic part; 401, fixed groove; 402, discharge groove; 403, discharge pipe; 404, mounting bracket; 405, mounting seat; 406, sprinkler head; 407, water guide pipe; 408, fixed cover; 409, foam filter; 410, support bracket; 411, slag discharge hole; 412, waste discharge pipe; 413, valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1-2 As shown in FIG, a gold flotation process is mainly used to solve the problem of difficult recovery and low recovery rate of gold ore containing fine particles of gold, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. The raw ore is fed into the jaw crusher for primary crushing, and the coarse particles after primary crushing are fed into the cone crusher for secondary crushing;

[0054] S2. The secondary crushed ore is screened by a double-layer vibrating screen. The qualified materials enter the fine ore bin for grinding, and the unqualified materials are returned and further crushed. Specifically, a three-stage one-closed-circuit crushing process is adopted in steps S1 and S2. The ore is fed into the C100 jaw crusher, and the coarse particles are fed into the HP200 and HP300 cone crushers. After the processed ore passes through the double-layer vibrating screen, the qualified part enters the fine ore bin, and the particle size entering the grinding is D80 = 8-10mm.

[0055] S3, first stage grinding and classification: The first stage grinding adopts wet grid ball mill. The ball mill discharge is first separated by jigging. The heavy sand is pumped to the shaking table. The tailings are pumped into the cyclone for classification. The settled sand is returned to the ball mill for re-grinding. The overflow enters the centrifuge for separation. The heavy sand product enters the shaking table separator. The tailings enter the first stage flotation system.

[0056] S4, Secondary Grinding and Classification: The tailings from the first flotation stage are pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification. Part of the underflow product enters the flash flotation process. The tailings from the flash flotation process flow by gravity to the first set of wet ball mills, and the remaining part enters the first set of wet ball mills. The discharges from the first and second sets of wet ball mills first enter the jig separation process, and the heavy sand enters the shaking table separation process. The jig tailings are mixed and returned to the hydrocyclone. The overflow from the hydrocyclone enters the secondary flotation system.

[0057] S5, first stage flotation: The overflow from the cyclone classification is sorted by the centrifuge and then enters the first stage flotation equipment. The first stage flotation concentrate is recovered to the thickener, and the rougher tailings enter the middling box for second stage classification grinding;

[0058] S6, Secondary flotation: The overflow of the cyclone directly enters the secondary flotation equipment, the secondary flotation concentrate is recovered to the thickener, and the tailings are pumped to the tailings dewatering and dry discharge system;

[0059] S7. After the concentrate in the thickener is thickened, the underflow flows by gravity to the high-concentration mixing tank. After stirring and slurry adjustment, it is pumped into the diaphragm filter press by the slurry pump for filtration. The filter cake is the final gold concentrate and is stored in the concentrate warehouse;

[0060] S8. The tailings sent to the tailings dewatering and dry discharge system are thickened by the deep cone thickener, and the underflow is pumped into the high-concentration mixing tank. After stirring and slurry adjustment, they are pumped into the diaphragm filter press for filtration, and the filter cakes are transported to the tailings pond for dry storage.

[0061] In order to better adopt the above process for semi-industrial production and improve the flotation effect of the first and second stages, the flotation equipment is also designed. Specifically, a gold flotation equipment is proposed, such as Figure 3-17 As shown, it includes a tank body 1, a feeding assembly 2, a mixing assembly 3 and a flotation assembly 4. The feeding assembly 2 is arranged on one side of the tank body 1, the mixing assembly 3 is arranged inside the flotation assembly 4, and the mixing assembly 3 and the flotation assembly 4 are both arranged at the top of the tank body 1.

[0062] The feeding assembly 2 includes a feeding pump 201, which is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the tank body 1. The input end of the feeding pump 201 is arranged inside the tank body 1, and the output end of the feeding pump 201 is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe 202, and one end of the feeding pipe 202 is fixedly provided with a connector 203, which can realize the connection between the feeding pipe 202 and the mixing head 301.

[0063] The mixing assembly 3 includes a mixing head 301, which is arranged above the tank body 1. Specifically, a connecting sleeve 302 that is compatible with the connecting head 203 is fixedly provided at the top of the mixing head 301, an annular air intake cover 303 is provided on the outside of the mixing head 301, an air intake pipe 304 is fixedly provided in the middle of the outer wall of the air intake cover 303, a lower punch 305 is provided at the bottom end of the mixing head 301, and a material guide cover 306 is provided at the bottom end of the lower punch 305.

[0064] More specifically, a cavity with a conical structure is provided inside the mixing head 301, and a fixed block 307 with a funnel-shaped structure is provided inside the cavity, and an air guide cavity 308 with a ring-shaped structure is provided inside the fixed block 307. A plurality of air guide holes 309 are provided through the inner wall of the bottom end of the air guide cavity 308, and an air guide nozzle 310 is fixedly provided at one end of the air guide hole 309, and the air guide nozzle 310 is provided below the fixed block 307. Both the air guide nozzle 310 and the air guide hole 309 are provided with a conical structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. The setting of the conical structure can effectively increase the flow velocity of the gas after passing through, thereby improving the efficiency of bubble generation.

[0065] Furthermore, the inner wall of the air guide cavity 308 is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 311, and a conical block 312 is fixedly provided at one end of the inner wall of the air inlet hole 311. Gas can enter the air guide cavity 308 through the block 312 and the air inlet hole 311. The provision of the block 312 can effectively prevent larger particles and impurities in the gas from entering the air guide cavity 308. Moreover, a nozzle 313 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mixing head 301. The bottom end of the nozzle 313 is surrounded by a plurality of diverter strips 314, and the diverter strips 314 are provided in a "J"-shaped structure. The bottom end of the diverter strips 314 is fixedly provided with a conical diverter block 315. The provision of the diverter strips 314 and the diverter block 315 can realize the diversion and guidance of the slurry jet ejected from the nozzle 313, thereby reducing the velocity of the slurry and bubbles after mixing to a certain extent, thereby extending the mixing time of the slurry and bubbles to a certain extent, and thus improving the mineralization effect of the slurry.

[0066] Furthermore, a sealing plate 316 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the outer wall of the mixing head 301, and the lower surface of the sealing plate 316 is in contact with the top end of the lower punch 305. The top end of the outer wall of the guide cover 306 is configured as an inclined structure, and a plurality of guide holes 317 are formed around the top end of the outer wall of the guide cover 306. A material separation cover 318 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the guide cover 306, and the material separation cover 318 is configured as a hollow boss-shaped structure, with a through slot 319 provided below the material separation cover 318. During normal sorting, the mineral particles and bubbles mix and collide with the surface of the material separation cover 318. The mineral particles and bubbles move upward under the action of buoyancy, while the tailings can move downward through the through slot 319 under the action of pressure and gravity, thus achieving the initial separation of the mineral particles and tailings.

[0067] During the sorting process, multiple branch pipes can be set up to connect with the lower end of the downpipe 305 according to the processing volume requirements. A material guide cover 306 and various components inside the material guide cover 306 are set at the lower end of each branch pipe, and multiple material covers 306 are arranged in a ring matrix in the fixed groove 401 to increase the slurry processing volume of the device per unit time.

[0068] An adjustment assembly is provided on the support bar 320 below the distribution cover 318. The adjustment assembly includes a lower electromagnetic portion 321 mounted above the support bar 320, a buffer spring 322 disposed on the lower electromagnetic portion 321, and an upper electromagnetic portion 323 disposed above the buffer spring 322. The upper electromagnetic portion 323 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the distribution cover 318. Since the slurry concentration varies depending on the concentrate content in the gold ore raw material during the feeding process, slurries of different concentrations are often fed for flotation under different production modes. When feeding a slurry of low concentration, in order to quickly complete flotation, the buffer spring 322 is in a naturally extended state. At this time, the distribution cover 318 is close to the guide hole 317 to ensure that the through slot 319 below the distribution cover 318 is relatively high. After the slurry is diverted through the distribution hood 318, some of the concentrate floats upward due to the combined action of the flotation agent and bubbles and is discharged through the guide hole 317. The concentrate and tailings that are unable to float up with the bubbles are discharged through the through trough 319 and enter the fixed trough 401 for secondary sorting. Due to the high height of the through trough 319, a large amount of slurry can quickly pass through the through trough 319 and enter the fixed trough 401 for secondary sorting, ensuring efficient processing of slurry with lower concentrations. When the slurry concentration is relatively high, in order to ensure the sorting effect, the control system controls the lower electromagnetic part 321 and the upper electromagnetic part 323 to be energized at the same time, and generates opposite magnetism, so that a magnetic attraction is generated between the two and they are close to each other, and the buffer spring 322 is compressed and drives the distribution cover 318 to move downward. At this time, the following effects are mainly produced: on the one hand, after the slurry with high concentration enters the guide cover 306, the distance to the distribution cover 318 increases, which facilitates more bubbles to overflow upward, and cooperates with the flotation agent to drive the concentrate in the slurry to float out, and finally discharged from the guide hole 317, so that the effect of the primary sorting is improved, the pressure of the subsequent secondary sorting is reduced, and it is beneficial to improve the recovery effect of the concentrate. On the other hand, due to the downward movement of the distribution cover 318, the height of the through slot 319 is reduced, further reducing the amount of slurry passing through the through slot 319. Most of the slurry is ejected through the guide hole 317. The pressure of the slurry ejected through the guide hole 317 increases, and the high-concentration slurry is ejected farther. After the high-concentration slurry is ejected through the guide hole 317, the diffusion range is increased, and the slurry is more dispersed in the fixed tank 401. The bubbles generated by the micro-bubble generator in the tank body of the fixed tank 401 can be better mixed with the slurry, and then the flotation agent can be used to float the concentrate in the slurry again. In this way, the separation effect of the concentrate in the high-concentration slurry can be improved, and the recovery rate of gold ore can be increased. The separation effect of this method is far superior to that of ordinary flotation machines for separating high-concentration slurries. To ensure that the distribution cover 318 can move up and down smoothly, a telescopic rod is provided inside the buffer spring 322. The telescopic movement of the telescopic rod is synchronized with the lifting and lowering movement of the distribution cover 318.

[0069] Furthermore, since flotation agents are often high-molecular polymers, and after mixing with the slurry, the mixed slurry often clogs the nozzle 310 and the air holes 309 as it mixes with microbubbles. Once clogged, the nozzle 310 and the air holes 309 will be affected, hindering the formation and supply of microbubbles, and thus the subsequent flotation effect. Therefore, it is often necessary to clean the nozzle 310 and the air holes 309 during maintenance. However, because the nozzle 310 and the air holes 309 are located inside the air inlet hood 303, cleaning them is difficult and inconvenient. For this reason, during the shutdown and overhaul period, when it is necessary to clean the air guide nozzle 310 and the air guide hole 309, the lower electromagnetic part 321 and the upper electromagnetic part 323 are energized simultaneously by the control system control, and the same magnetism is generated, so that a magnetic repulsion is generated between the two and they move away from each other, the buffer spring 322 is stretched and drives the material distribution cover 318 to move upward, and the material distribution cover 318 is squeezed and contacted with the inner wall of the material guide cover 306 after moving upward, and a seal is formed between the two. At this time, flushing water is introduced through the lower punch 305. Due to the seal between the material distribution cover 318 and the material guide cover 306, the flushing water can only be discharged from the air guide nozzle 310 and the air guide hole 309. At this time, the pipeline connected to the air inlet pipe 304 has been disconnected, and the flushing water that has flushed the air guide nozzle 310 and the air guide hole 309 can be directly discharged, which will not affect the supply of related air supply devices. In this way, the automatic cleaning of the air guide nozzle 310 and the air guide hole 309 is achieved, and the difficulty and workload of manual cleaning are reduced, with significant effect.

[0070] Furthermore, the material guide cover 306 is detachably connected to the lower punch 305 by a spiral, so that the various components inside the material guide cover 306 can be easily inspected and replaced.

[0071] The flotation assembly 4 includes a fixed trough 401 and a discharge trough 402. Both the fixed trough 401 and the discharge trough 402 are arranged above the trough body 1. The discharge trough 402 is arranged outside the fixed trough 401, and the bottom end of the discharge trough 402 is arranged as an inclined structure. The setting of the inclined structure ensures that the mineral particles can be discharged through the discharge pipe 403 along with the spray water.

[0072] Specifically, a discharge pipe 403 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the discharge trough 402, a ring-shaped mounting frame 404 is fixedly provided on the top of the fixed trough 401, and a plurality of mounting seats 405 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the mounting frame 404. A spray head 406 is provided at one end of the mounting seat 405, and the spray head 406 is arranged as an inclined structure. There are two groups of spray heads 406, and the two groups of spray heads 406 are symmetrically arranged. After the spray heads 406 spray the inclined water flow at the spray point, the water flow acts on the slurry, causing the slurry to move toward the discharge pipe 403, thereby improving the discharge effect of the mineral particles.

[0073] More specifically, a water pipe 407 is fixedly provided at the top of the discharge trough 402, the top of the sprinkler head 406 is fixedly provided on one side of the water pipe 407, a fixed cover 408 is fixedly provided at one end of the discharge pipe 403, and a foam filter 409 is provided inside the fixed cover 408. The foam filter 409 can block and filter bubbles, has a defoaming effect, and facilitates the collection of the concentrate after flotation.

[0074] In addition, the bottom end of the fixed tank 401 is set to a funnel-shaped structure, and a microbubble generating device is provided at the bottom of the fixed tank 401 to generate more microbubbles. The microbubbles combine with the flotation agent in the slurry entering the fixed tank 401 to perform secondary sorting on the slurry, thereby improving the recovery rate of the concentrate.

[0075] A support frame 410 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the fixed trough 401. A slag discharge hole 411 in an annular structure is fixedly provided on the inner side of the support frame 410. The tailings can be discharged from the fixed trough 401 through the slag discharge hole 411. A waste discharge pipe 412 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the support frame 410. A valve 413 is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the waste discharge pipe 412. The tailings discharged from the slag discharge hole 411 can be discharged from the device through the waste discharge pipe 412.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gold flotation equipment, characterized in that: It comprises a tank body (1), a feeding assembly (2), a mixing assembly (3) and a flotation assembly (4), wherein the feeding assembly (2) is arranged on one side of the tank body (1), the mixing assembly (3) is arranged inside the flotation assembly (4), and both the mixing assembly (3) and the flotation assembly (4) are arranged at the top of the tank body (1); The feeding assembly (2) comprises a feeding pump (201), and the feeding pump (201) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the tank body (1); The mixing assembly (3) comprises a mixing head (301), which is arranged above the tank body (1); a connecting sleeve (302) adapted to the connecting head (203) is fixedly arranged at the top of the mixing head (301); an air intake cover (303) with an annular structure is arranged on the outside of the mixing head (301); an air intake pipe (304) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the air intake cover (303); a lower punch (305) is arranged at the bottom end of the mixing head (301); and a material guide cover (306) is arranged at the bottom end of the lower punch (305); The top of the outer wall of the material guide cover (306) is configured as an inclined structure, and a plurality of material guide holes (317) are provided around the top of the outer wall of the material guide cover (306); a material distribution cover (318) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the material guide cover (306), and the material distribution cover (318) is configured as a hollow boss-shaped structure, and a plurality of through slots (319) are provided around the bottom end of the outer wall of the material distribution cover (318); an adjustment component is provided on the support bar (320) below the material distribution cover (318), and the adjustment component includes a lower electromagnetic part (321) installed above the support bar (320); a buffer spring (322) is provided on the lower electromagnetic part (321), and an upper electromagnetic part (323) is provided above the buffer spring (322); the upper electromagnetic part (323) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the material distribution cover (318); The flotation assembly (4) comprises a fixed trough (401) and a discharge trough (402), wherein the fixed trough (401) and the discharge trough (402) are both arranged above the trough body (1), the discharge trough (402) is arranged outside the fixed trough (401), and the bottom end of the discharge trough (402) is arranged as an inclined structure.

2. A gold flotation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end of the feeding pump (201) is arranged inside the tank body (1), the output end of the feeding pump (201) is fixedly provided with a feeding pipe (202), and one end of the feeding pipe (202) is fixedly provided with a connector (203).

3. A gold flotation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical cavity is provided inside the mixing head (301), and a funnel-shaped fixed block (307) is provided inside the cavity. An annular air guide cavity (308) is provided inside the fixed block (307). A plurality of air guide holes (309) are provided through the inner wall of the bottom end of the air guide cavity (308). An air guide nozzle (310) is fixedly provided at one end of the air guide hole (309), and the air guide nozzle (310) is provided below the fixed block (307). Both the air guide nozzle (310) and the air guide hole (309) are provided in a conical structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion. A plurality of air inlet holes (311) are provided through the inner wall of the air guide cavity (308), and a conical stopper (312) is fixedly provided at one end of the inner wall of the air inlet hole (311).

4. A gold flotation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A nozzle (313) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the mixing head (301), a plurality of diverter strips (314) are arranged around the bottom end of the nozzle (313), and the diverter strips (314) are arranged in a "J"-shaped structure, and a diverter block (315) with a conical structure is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the diverter strip (314).

5. A gold flotation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sealing plate (316) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the outer wall of the mixing head (301), and the lower surface of the sealing plate (316) is in contact with the top end of the lower punch (305).

6. The gold flotation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge pipe (403) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the discharge trough (402), a mounting frame (404) with an annular structure is fixedly provided on the top of the fixed trough (401), a plurality of mounting seats (405) are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the mounting frame (404), a spray head (406) is provided at one end of the mounting seat (405), and the spray head (406) is configured as an inclined structure.

7. The gold flotation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water pipe (407) is fixedly provided at the top of the discharge trough (402), the top of the spray head (406) is fixedly provided on one side of the water pipe (407), a fixed cover (408) is fixedly provided at one end of the discharge pipe (403), and a foam filter (409) is provided inside the fixed cover (408).

8. The gold flotation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom end of the fixing groove (401) is configured as a funnel-shaped structure, and a support frame (410) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the fixing groove (401), and a slag discharge hole (411) with an annular structure is fixedly provided on the inner side of the support frame (410).

9. The gold flotation equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A waste discharge pipe (412) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the support frame (410), and a valve (413) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the waste discharge pipe (412).

10. A gold flotation process, wherein the gold flotation process uses the gold flotation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to float gold ore, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The raw ore is fed into the jaw crusher for primary crushing, and the coarse particles after primary crushing are fed into the cone crusher for secondary crushing; S2. The secondary crushed ore is screened by a double-layer vibrating screen. The qualified materials enter the fine ore bin for grinding, and the unqualified materials are returned and continued to be crushed; S3, first stage grinding and classification: The first stage grinding adopts wet grid ball mill. The ball mill discharge is first separated by jigging. The heavy sand is pumped to the shaking table. The tailings are pumped into the cyclone for classification. The settled sand is returned to the ball mill for re-grinding. The overflow enters the centrifuge for separation. The heavy sand product enters the shaking table separator. The tailings enter the first stage flotation system. S4, Secondary Grinding and Classification: The tailings from the first flotation stage are pumped into a hydrocyclone for classification. Part of the underflow product enters flash flotation. The tailings from the flash flotation flow by gravity to the first set of wet ball mills, and the remaining part enters the second set of wet ball mills. The discharges from the first and second sets of wet ball mills first enter jig separation, and the heavy sand enters a shaking table separator. The jig tailings are mixed and returned to the hydrocyclone. The overflow from the hydrocyclone enters the secondary flotation system. S5, first stage flotation: The overflow from the cyclone classification is sorted by the centrifuge and then enters the first stage flotation equipment. The first stage flotation concentrate is recovered to the thickener, and the rougher tailings enter the middling box for second stage classification grinding; S6, Secondary flotation: The overflow of the cyclone directly enters the secondary flotation equipment, the secondary flotation concentrate is recovered to the thickener, and the tailings are pumped to the tailings dewatering and dry discharge system; S7. After the concentrate in the thickener is thickened, the underflow flows by gravity to the high-concentration mixing tank. After stirring and slurry adjustment, it is pumped into the diaphragm filter press by the slurry pump for filtration. The filter cake is the final gold concentrate and is stored in the concentrate warehouse; S8. The tailings sent to the tailings dewatering and dry discharge system are thickened by the deep cone thickener, and the underflow is pumped into the high-concentration mixing tank. After stirring and slurry adjustment, they are pumped into the diaphragm filter press for filtration, and the filter cakes are transported to the tailings pond for dry storage.

Images