Independent suspension system and engineering vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses an independent suspension system and an engineering vehicle. The independent suspension system comprises a steering mechanism, a hinged piece and two suspension oil cylinders. The two suspension oil cylinders are arranged between a frame and steering knuckles connected with wheel rims of two sides respectively. The steering mechanism is used to drive the two sides of the wheel to steer under the drive of the steering assist oil cylinder. The hinged piece has a first rotary body and a second rotary body which can rotate relatively. The first rotary body is fixed on a primary cylinder barrel outside the suspension oil cylinder. The second rotary body is located outside the first rotary body and is used to support the frame. The engineering vehicle comprises the independent suspension system. The hinged piece with the two rotary bodies which can rotate relatively is used to connect the suspension oil cylinder and the frame, so that the load bearing condition of the suspension oil cylinder can be optimized and the steering performance of the whole vehicle can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to engineering machinery, in particular to an independent suspension system and an engineering vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the chassis suspension structure adopted by engineering vehicles, such as all-terrain cranes, is gradually transforming into an independent suspension structure.

[0003] CN103738136B discloses an independent suspension system and a crane having the same, wherein a suspension oil cylinder is used as an elastic column shock absorber to connect the wheel side and the frame, the lower end of the suspension oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the knuckle through a flange disc integrated on the cylinder barrel, and the upper end is fixedly connected with the frame through a bearing bush integrated on the piston rod, thereby forming a MacPherson independent suspension system.

[0004] CN106739910B discloses a multi-stage suspension oil cylinder, a suspension system and an engineering vehicle, wherein the connecting structure between the axle and the frame also uses a suspension oil cylinder as an elastic column shock absorber, the upper and lower ends of which are hingedly connected through joint bearings, the suspension oil cylinder is a multi-stage structure, the cylinder barrel and the first-stage cylinder rod form a first-stage cylinder, the first-stage cylinder rod and the second-stage cylinder rod form a second-stage cylinder, and the upper end face piston of the cylinder barrel and the first-stage and second-stage cylinder rods forms a large cavity, which is connected to the suspension system through a large cavity oil port; the first-stage cylinder rod and the cylinder barrel form a first-stage cylinder small cavity, which is connected to the suspension system through a first-stage cylinder oil port.

[0005] The above two patent solutions of the independent suspension system are relatively close to the present application, and the technical problems of the two patent solutions are as follows:

[0006] (1) The suspension oil cylinder needs to bear axial force (supporting the weight of the frame) and lateral force (longitudinal and lateral), and the oil cylinder also needs to rotate inside, so the oil cylinder is subjected to comprehensive stress and complex stress, and thus the oil cylinder needs to adopt a "thick and strong" multi-layer structure, which is complex in structure, large in size, heavy in weight and high in cost.

[0007] (2) When turning, the movement resistance of the internal rotation of the oil cylinder needs to be overcome at the same time, the resistance value is large, and the performance of turning return and turning response is affected.

[0008] (3) The connection mode of the suspension oil cylinder: the upper hinge point has a certain degree of freedom, but the rubber connection will limit the system freedom, that is, the installation form of the upper end not being completely hinged will generate additional lateral force, the larger the movement angle, the greater the lateral force; at the same time, the axial connection length of the oil cylinder is increased. SUMMARY

[0009] Invention purposes: The first purpose of the present application is to provide an independent suspension system to solve the problems of complex force on the suspension cylinder, too long axial connection length and the need to overcome internal friction during steering in the existing independent suspension system, and to improve the motion performance of the independent suspension system; the second purpose of the present application is to provide an engineering vehicle with the independent suspension system.

[0010] Technical scheme: The first aspect of the present application provides an independent suspension system, comprising:

[0011] Two suspension cylinders are arranged between the frame and the steering knuckles connected to the wheel edges of the two sides of the vehicle;

[0012] A steering mechanism is used to drive the two sides of the vehicle to steer under the drive of the steering assist cylinder; further comprising:

[0013] The hinge piece has a first rotary body and a second rotary body which can rotate relative to each other;

[0014] The first rotary body is fixed on the primary cylinder outside the suspension cylinder; the second rotary body is located outside the first rotary body and is used to support the frame.

[0015] Further, the hinge piece adopts a swing bearing, the first rotary body is the inner ring of the swing bearing, and the second rotary body is the outer ring of the swing bearing; the two sides of the frame are fixed with mounting seats, and the bottom of the mounting seat is provided with a downward annular groove matched with the outer ring of the swing bearing, and the outer ring of the swing bearing is embedded in the annular groove.

[0016] Further, the mounting plate is fixed on the primary cylinder, and the inner ring of the swing bearing is fixed on the mounting plate.

[0017] Further, the mounting plate and the secondary cylinder are a flange type cylinder with an integral structure.

[0018] Further, the suspension cylinder further comprises a secondary cylinder, a piston rod is arranged in the primary cylinder, a piston is arranged at the end of the piston rod, the secondary cylinder is in sliding fit with the piston rod and the primary cylinder respectively; a secondary guide sleeve is fixed at the end of the secondary cylinder to provide guidance for the piston rod; a primary guide sleeve is fixed at the end of the primary cylinder to provide guidance for the secondary cylinder.

[0019] Further, the mounting plate and the primary guide sleeve are an integral structure.

[0020] Further, the secondary cylinder is fixed with the steering knuckle through the flange at the bottom of the secondary cylinder.

[0021] Further, a limiting plate is fixed on the primary cylinder to prevent the outer ring of the swing bearing from coming out of the annular groove.

[0022] The second aspect of the present application provides an engineering vehicle comprising the independent suspension system of the first aspect.

[0023] Further, the engineering vehicle is an all-terrain crane.

[0024] Beneficial effects: compared with the prior art, the present application has the following remarkable advantages:

[0025] The present application is based on the improvement of the existing McPherson independent suspension system, which can optimize the load bearing of the suspension cylinder and improve the motion performance of the suspension system, which is embodied in the following aspects:

[0026] (I) Optimize the load bearing of the suspension cylinder

[0027] The installation of the hinge (such as the swing bearing) on the cylinder shortens the axial connection length of the suspension cylinder in the existing McPherson independent suspension system, and at the same time, the distance between the action points is shortened, and the stress state is improved, so that the radial and axial dimensions of the suspension cylinder can be smaller, thereby reducing the weight and forming a cost advantage.

[0028] The freedom of the hinge point on the suspension cylinder is released, and the lateral force is relieved.

[0029] (II) Improve the steering performance of the whole vehicle

[0030] In the existing McPherson independent suspension system, the suspension cylinder needs to overcome its internal resistance when steering, and this resistance value causes additional energy consumption. The hinge (such as the swing bearing) used in the present application releases the freedom of the cylinder, and digests the steering angle of the wheel rim, so that the suspension cylinder does not need to rotate relatively during steering, thereby improving the steering efficiency and steering response. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an independent suspension system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a suspension cylinder provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the connection position of the suspension cylinder provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of a suspension cylinder provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another suspension cylinder provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Reference numerals: 1, suspension cylinder; 1-1, flange; 1-2, secondary cylinder; 1-3, piston rod; 1-4, primary cylinder; 1-5, secondary guide sleeve; 1-6, piston; 1-7, primary guide sleeve; 2, limiting plate; 3, swing bearing; 3-1, swing bearing inner ring; 3-2, swing bearing outer ring; 4, mounting plate; 5, steering knuckle; 6, wheel-side reducer; 7, wheel side; 8, V-type thrust rod; 9, main reducer; 10, universal joint drive shaft; 11, mounting base; 11-1, annular groove; 12, frame. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates an independent suspension system provided in this application embodiment. This system includes two suspension cylinders 1, each positioned on one side of a vehicle frame 12, connecting the frame 12 to a corresponding steering knuckle 5. The steering knuckle 5 connects to a wheel-side reducer 6 on the corresponding wheel rim 7. A V-shaped thrust rod 8 is positioned between each wheel rim 7 and the main reducer 9. The main reducer 9 is fixed below the frame 12. One end of the V-shaped thrust rod 8 is hinged to the bottom of the steering knuckle 5 on the corresponding wheel rim 7 via a ball joint, and the other end is hinged to the main reducer 9 along the longitudinal direction via two ball joints. The independent suspension system also includes a transmission mechanism and a steering structure. The transmission mechanism includes two universal joint drive shafts 10 corresponding to the wheels on both sides. One end of each universal joint drive shaft 10 is hinged to the corresponding steering knuckle 5 via a ball joint, and the other end is hinged to the main reducer 9 via a ball joint. The steering structure (not shown in the figure) is used to drive the two wheel sides 7 to turn under the drive of the power steering cylinder. This is prior art. For example, the specific steering structure is described in the figure and text of the scheme disclosed in CN103738136B, and will not be repeated here.

[0040] Figure 2 and Figure 3The suspension oil cylinder provided by the application is shown, and the suspension oil cylinder 1 comprises a secondary cylinder 1-2, a piston rod 1-3 and a primary cylinder 1-4, the piston rod 1-3 is coaxially fixed at the inner top of the primary cylinder 1-4, the end of the piston rod 1-3 is fixed with a piston 1-6, the secondary cylinder 1-2 is slidingly arranged in the primary cylinder 1-4, and the piston 1-6 is in sliding fit with the inner cavity of the secondary cylinder 1-2. In addition, a secondary guide sleeve 1-5 for providing guidance for the piston rod 1-3 is fixed at the end of the secondary cylinder 1-2, and a primary guide sleeve 1-7 for providing guidance for the secondary cylinder 1-2 is fixed at the end of the primary cylinder 1-4. The sealed cavity formed by the piston rod 1-3 and the secondary cylinder 1-2 is a large cavity A. The sealed cavity formed among the piston rod 1-3, the secondary cylinder 1-2, the secondary guide sleeve 1-5 and the piston 1-6 is a small cavity B. The large cavity A and the small cavity B are connected with a suspension system through respective oil ports, and the suspension system mainly comprises an oil inlet electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil return electromagnetic reversing valve, a spring stiffness switching valve and an accumulator, which are prior art, for example, the suspension system is specifically described in the scheme disclosed in CN106739910B, and thus no further description is given herein.

[0041] The application does not need to match specific steering structure and suspension system, and is suitable for existing steering structure and suspension system.

[0042] The lower end of the secondary cylinder 1-2 is fixed with a flange plate 1-1, the flange plate 1-1 is connected with a steering knuckle 5 through bolts. The primary cylinder 1-4 is connected with a vehicle frame 12 through a hinged piece. The hinged piece has a first rotary body and a second rotary body which can rotate relative to each other, wherein the first rotary body is fixed on the primary cylinder 1-4 outside the suspension oil cylinder 1, and the second rotary body is located outside the first rotary body and used for supporting the vehicle frame 12.

[0043] The hinged piece can adopt, for example, a swing bearing 3, the first rotary body is a swing bearing inner ring 3-1, and the second rotary body is a swing bearing outer ring 3-2 which is located outside the swing bearing inner ring 3-1. In order to fix the suspension oil cylinder 1 and the swing bearing 3, a mounting plate 4 is welded on the primary cylinder 1-4 of the suspension oil cylinder 1, and bolt holes are formed in the swing bearing inner ring 3-1, and the swing bearing inner ring 3-1 is connected with the mounting plate 4 through bolts. In order to connect the suspension oil cylinder 1 and the vehicle frame 12, mounting seats 11 are arranged at the positions where the vehicle frame 12 is connected with the swing bearing 3, and the mounting seats 11 are welded with the vehicle frame 12. A downward annular groove 11-1 is formed in the bottom of the mounting seat 11, the annular groove 11-1 is matched with the swing bearing outer ring 3-2, and the swing bearing outer ring 3-2 is embedded in the annular groove 11-1 by the self weight of the vehicle frame 12, so that the function of supporting the vehicle frame 12 by the suspension oil cylinder 1 is realized.

[0044] Further, a limiting plate 2 is fixed on the primary cylinder 1-4, and the limiting plate 2 is located above the mounting seat 11 and keeps a proper distance, for limiting the mounting seat 11, preventing the mounting seat 11 from moving too much with the swing bearing 3 and causing the swing bearing outer ring 3-2 to be separated from the annular groove 11-1 of the mounting seat 11 during the driving of the vehicle, especially during the driving on a bumpy road. The limiting plate 2 is semicircular, and two limiting plates are fixed on the primary cylinder 1-4 of the suspension oil cylinder 1 by screwing.

[0045] In some embodiments, the mounting plate 4 and the secondary cylinder 1-2 are integrated as a flange type cylinder, as shown in Figure 4

[0046] In some embodiments, the mounting plate 4 and the outer leakage part of the primary guide sleeve 1-7 are integrated, as shown in Figure 5

[0047] It should be noted that the above description of the independent suspension system is only exemplary, and cannot be interpreted as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make several changes or alternative solutions to the technical solutions according to actual needs without creative labor. The core idea of the present application is to transfer the rotation inside the suspension oil cylinder 1 to the hinge, and the hinge with two relative rotating bodies can achieve this function, that is, the hinge is not limited to the swing bearing 3, for example, it can also be a joint bearing. Therefore, it should be understood that any independent suspension system designed based on this idea in the present application should be considered within the protection scope of the present application.

[0048] The embodiment of the present application also provides an engineering vehicle comprising the independent suspension system introduced in the above embodiments, and the engineering vehicle is an all-terrain crane.

[0049] The working principle of the independent suspension system according to the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.

[0050] During the normal straight driving of the vehicle, the vehicle frame 12 is connected with the suspension oil cylinder 1 through the swing bearing 3, and the suspension oil cylinders 1 on both sides are in the unlocked state, and the oil in the large and small cavities can flow. When the large cavity A of the suspension oil cylinder 1 is filled with oil, the primary cylinder 1-4 extends, and the vehicle frame 12 moves upward relative to the wheel edge 7. When the small cavity B is filled with oil, the primary cylinder 1-4 retracts, and the vehicle frame 12 moves downward relative to the wheel edge 7. When the vehicle passes through different road conditions, the suspension oil cylinders 1 on both sides perform the extension or retraction action under the influence of the reaction force, thereby playing a damping role. The V-shaped thrust rod 8 and the universal transmission shaft 10 are hinged with the steering knuckle 5, which can ensure the freedom in the vertical direction of the vehicle wheel and improve the damping performance.

[0051] ​​During the turning of the vehicle, the steering assist cylinder pushes the wheel rim 7 to turn. When the wheel rim 7 turns, the suspension cylinder 1 also turns because the flange 1-1 at the bottom of the suspension cylinder 1 is fixed with the steering knuckle 5. During the turning, the first cylinder 1-4 drives the relative turning between the inner ring 3-1 and the outer ring 3-2 of the swing bearing, so the first cylinder 1-4 and the second cylinder 1-2 do not need to turn relative to each other, i.e. the internal friction between the cylinder and the piston rod does not need to be overcome during the turning, and the turning efficiency is improved.

[0052] The above merely describes the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any changes or alternatives that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An independent suspension system, comprising: two suspension cylinders (1) respectively arranged between a vehicle frame (12) and steering knuckles (5) connected with wheel rims (7) on two sides of the vehicle frame (12); a steering mechanism for steering the wheels on the two sides under the drive of the steering assist cylinders; characterized in that it further comprises: a hinged member having a first pivot body and a second pivot body that can rotate relative to each other; the first pivot body is fixed on a primary cylinder barrel (1-4) outside the suspension cylinder (1); the second pivot body is located outside the first pivot body and is used to support the vehicle frame (12); the hinged member adopts a swing bearing (3), the first pivot body is an inner ring (3-1) of the swing bearing, and the second pivot body is an outer ring (3-2) of the swing bearing; the vehicle frame (12) is fixed with a mounting seat (11) on both sides, and a downward annular groove (11-1) adapted to the outer ring (3-2) of the swing bearing is formed in the bottom of the mounting seat (11), and the outer ring (3-2) of the swing bearing is embedded in the annular groove (11-1); a mounting plate (4) is fixed on the primary cylinder barrel (1-4) and located at the lower part of the primary cylinder barrel (1-4), and the inner ring (3-1) of the swing bearing is fixed on the mounting plate (4); the suspension cylinder (1) further comprises a secondary cylinder barrel (1-2), a piston rod (1-3) is arranged at the top of the inner side of the primary cylinder barrel (1-4), a piston (1-6) is arranged at the end of the piston rod (1-3), and the secondary cylinder barrel (1-2) is in sliding fit with the piston rod (1-3) and the primary cylinder barrel (1-4); a secondary guide sleeve (1-5) for providing guidance for the piston rod (1-3) is fixed at the end of the secondary cylinder barrel (1-2); and a primary guide sleeve (1-7) for providing guidance for the secondary cylinder barrel (1-2) is fixed at the end of the primary cylinder barrel (1-4); the mounting plate (4) and the primary guide sleeve (1-7) are in an integral structure; and a limiting plate (2) is fixed on the primary cylinder barrel (1-4) for preventing the outer ring (3-2) of the swing bearing from being pulled out of the annular groove (11-1).

2. The independent suspension system of claim 1, wherein The mounting plate (4) and the secondary cylinder barrel (1-2) are integrally machined as a flange disc type cylinder barrel.

3. The independent suspension system of claim 1, wherein The secondary cylinder barrel (1-2) is fixed with the steering knuckle (5) through a flange (1-1) at the bottom of the secondary cylinder barrel (1-2).

4. An engineering vehicle characterized by, The independent suspension system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. The work vehicle of claim 4, wherein, The engineering vehicle is an all-terrain crane.

Images