A rotating floating nickel smelting plant

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of spin float nickel smelting equipment, including smelting furnace and is opened smelting cavity, the smelting cavity bottom end is laid melt, the top surface of the smelting furnace is fixedly connected nozzle component and smoke exhaust component, the top surface of the smelting furnace is fixedly connected feeding component near nozzle component position, the feeding component, nozzle component and smoke exhaust component are all communicated smelting cavity, the feeding component includes feeding pipe and reaction channel, and the feeding pipe is fixedly connected in the top surface of smelting furnace.The application is provided with reaction channel in feeding component, for preliminary cyclone reaction to material, then secondary cyclone reaction is carried out in smelting cavity, and the contact time with reaction gas is longer, the utilization of oxygen in reaction gas is improved, and the reaction is more thorough, and the application is provided with smoke exhaust component, and the combustible gas in high-temperature gas discharged can be burned and then discharged, to avoid directly discharging waste gas containing a large amount of combustible gas, to solve the safety hazard of smelting furnace exhaust.

Description

A type of swirl flotation nickel smelting equipment Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nickel suspension smelting technology, specifically to a swirl flotation nickel smelting device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the matte smelting process of nickel sulfide concentrate is the main method of nickel pyrometallurgical smelting. The use of cyclone flotation smelting is also becoming more common. The essence of cyclone flotation smelting is to utilize the huge surface area of ​​the dried powdered ore to allow the material particles to fully combine and react with oxygen-containing reactive gases, completing the oxidation reaction in an instant (2-3 seconds). During the reaction, the oxygen-containing gas swirls under the action of the hydrocyclone, entraining the material and causing it to collide and react rapidly. For example, Chinese invention patent CN106498161A discloses a cyclone flotation smelting device, including a nozzle, which includes: a pulsed spray gun; a material channel sleeved on the outside of the pulsed spray gun; a first gas channel sleeved on the outside of the material channel, the guide trajectory of the first gas channel intersecting the extension line of the axis of the material channel; and a second gas channel sleeved on the outside of the first gas channel.

[0003] This swirl flotation smelting device is relatively traditional, using a single cyclone to generate swirling gas to react with the material. However, the reaction only occurs once in the furnace, which can easily lead to incomplete utilization of oxygen in the gas. This requires the addition of excessive reaction gas, affecting efficiency. In addition, the high-temperature gas generated during swirl flotation smelting contains a large amount of combustible gas (such as carbon monoxide). Direct discharge would result in excessive combustible gas in the exhaust pipe, posing a certain safety hazard.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a vortex nickel smelting equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a swirl-float nickel smelting apparatus to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a smelting furnace for nickel smelting, comprising a smelting furnace, a smelting chamber being formed inside the smelting furnace, a molten material being laid at the bottom of the smelting chamber, a nozzle component and a flue gas component being fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace, and a feeding component being fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace near the nozzle component, wherein the feeding component, the nozzle component and the flue gas component are all connected to the smelting chamber.

[0007] The feeding component includes a feeding pipe and a reaction channel. The feeding pipe is fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace. The bottom end of the feeding pipe is located inside the smelting chamber and is connected to the smelting chamber. The reaction channel is connected to a pulsed oxygen lance at one end near the feeding pipe. The end of the pulsed oxygen lance is inserted into the inner side of the end of the feeding pipe. The pulsed oxygen lance is connected to the feeding pipe. The reaction channel is connected to an oxygen-enriched air channel at one end away from the pulsed oxygen lance. The oxygen-enriched air channel is connected to a regulating valve at one end away from the reaction channel. The top surface of the reaction channel is connected to a first hydrocyclone. The top of the first hydrocyclone is connected to a material hopper.

[0008] The exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace, the exhaust pipe connecting to the smelting chamber, two horizontal support rods fixed to the inner side of the top surface of the exhaust pipe, and oxygen supply pipe and gas supply pipe respectively vertically fixed to the ends of the two horizontal support rods. The bottom end of the oxygen supply pipe is connected to an oxygen supply hose, the bottom end of the oxygen supply hose is connected to an oxygen nozzle, the bottom end of the gas supply pipe is connected to a gas supply hose, the bottom end of the gas supply hose is connected to a gas nozzle, and a combustion gun is fixed to the inner side of the bottom end of the exhaust pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the nozzle component includes a nozzle tube fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace, the nozzle tube communicating with the smelting chamber, a plurality of arc frames fixed to the top surface of the smelting chamber at the position outside the bottom end of the nozzle tube, a Venturi tube fixed between the plurality of arc frames, the top end of the nozzle tube communicating with a second cyclone, a gas inlet communicating with the second cyclone, and the swirl direction of the second cyclone being consistent with that of the first cyclone.

[0010] Preferably, the venturi tube includes a straight tube section, the bottom end of which is connected to a constricted section, the bottom end of which is connected to an arc-shaped constricted neck, the bottom end of which is connected to a flared section, and the bottom end of the nozzle tube is inserted into and connected to the inner side of the top end of the straight tube section.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing frame is fixed to the bottom surface of the reaction channel, the bottom end of the fixing frame is fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace, an oxygen lance outer sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the pulsed oxygen lance, a fixing collar is fixed to the end of the oxygen lance outer sleeve near the feed pipe, the fixing collar is sleeved on the outside of the end of the feed pipe, and the regulating valve is connected to the Laval nozzle at the end away from the reaction channel.

[0012] Preferably, the top sidewall of the fixing collar is vertically fixed to a threaded sleeve, the threaded sleeve is internally threaded to a locking bolt, and the bottom end of the locking bolt contacts the sidewall of the feed pipe.

[0013] Preferably, two disc seats are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the bottom end of the oxygen supply pipe and the gas supply pipe, respectively. Two corrugated sleeves are fixed between the two disc seats and the oxygen nozzle and the gas nozzle, respectively. The two corrugated sleeves are sleeved on the outer side of the oxygen supply hose and the gas hose, respectively. Two horizontal columns are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe, and two sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to the free ends of the two horizontal columns. Two square rods are vertically slidably connected inside the two sliding sleeves, and the bottom ends of the two square rods are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the oxygen nozzle and the gas nozzle, respectively.

[0014] Preferably, two L-shaped rods are fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe, two bottom rings are fixedly connected to the free ends of the two L-shaped rods, two adjusting nuts are rotatably connected to the two bottom rings, two threaded columns are fixedly connected to the top of the two square rods, and the adjusting nuts are threadedly sleeved on the outside of the threaded columns.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] This invention incorporates a reaction channel in the feeding component for initial swirling reaction of the material, followed by a secondary swirling reaction in the smelting chamber. This allows for longer contact time with the reaction gas, improving the utilization rate of oxygen in the reaction gas and resulting in a more thorough reaction. Simultaneously, this invention includes a flue gas exhaust component that can burn the combustible gases in the exhaust gas at high temperatures before discharge, avoiding the direct discharge of exhaust gas containing a large amount of combustible gases and solving the safety hazards at the exhaust of the smelting furnace. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main body cross-section structure in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the smoke exhaust component in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is an enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point A in Figure 3 of this invention;

[0021] Figure 5 is an enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point B in Figure 3 of this invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the feeding component in the first and second embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 is an enlarged structural diagram of the structure at point C in Figure 6 of this invention;

[0024] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle component in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Smelting furnace; 2. Feeding assembly; 3. Nozzle assembly; 4. Exhaust assembly; 11. Smelting chamber; 12. Melt; 21. Feed pipe; 22. Reaction channel; 23. Pulsating oxygen lance; 24. First hydrocyclone; 25. Material hopper; 26. Oxygen-enriched air channel; 27. Regulating valve; 28. Laval nozzle; 29. ​​Fixing frame; 210. Oxygen lance outer sleeve; 211. Fixing collar; 212. Threaded sleeve; 213. Locking bolt; 31. Nozzle pipe; 32. Arc frame; 33. Venturi tube; 34. Second hydrocyclone 35. Gas inlet; 331. Straight pipe section; 332. Narrow section; 333. Arc-shaped neck; 334. Flared section; 41. Exhaust pipe; 42. Horizontal support rod; 43. Oxygen supply rigid pipe; 44. Oxygen supply hose; 45. Oxygen nozzle; 46. Gas supply rigid pipe; 47. Gas supply hose; 48. Gas nozzle; 49. Disc base; 410. Corrugated sleeve; 411. L-shaped rod; 412. Bottom ring; 413. Adjusting nut; 414. Threaded column; 415. Square rod; 416. Horizontal column; 417. Sliding sleeve; 418. Combustion gun. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-6. The present invention provides a technical solution: a smelting equipment for nickel smelting by swirl, including a smelting furnace 1, a smelting chamber 11 opened in the smelting furnace 1, a melt 12 laid at the bottom end of the smelting chamber 11, a nozzle component 3 and a smoke exhaust component 4 fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace 1, a feeding component 2 fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace 1 near the nozzle component 3, and the feeding component 2, the nozzle component 3 and the smoke exhaust component 4 are all connected to the smelting chamber 11.

[0029] The feeding component 2 includes a feeding pipe 21 and a reaction channel 22. The feeding pipe 21 is fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace 1. The bottom end of the feeding pipe 21 is located inside the smelting chamber 11 and is connected to the smelting chamber 11. The end of the reaction channel 22 near the feeding pipe 21 is connected to a pulsed oxygen lance 23. The end of the pulsed oxygen lance 23 is inserted into the inner side of the end of the feeding pipe 21. The pulsed oxygen lance 23 is connected to the feeding pipe 21. The end of the reaction channel 22 away from the pulsed oxygen lance 23 is connected to an oxygen-enriched air channel 26. The end of the oxygen-enriched air channel 26 away from the reaction channel 22 is connected to a regulating valve 27. The top surface of the reaction channel 22 is connected to a first hydrocyclone 24. The top of the first hydrocyclone 24 is connected to a material hopper 25. The feeding component 2 swirls the powdered material through the first hydrocyclone 24, and the material enters the reaction channel 22 and collides with the oxygen-enriched air to produce a preliminary reaction.

[0030] The exhaust component 4 includes an exhaust pipe 41 fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace 1. The exhaust pipe 41 connects to the smelting chamber 11. Two horizontal support rods 42 are fixed to the inner side of the top surface of the exhaust pipe 41. The ends of the two horizontal support rods 42 are respectively vertically fixed to an oxygen supply pipe 43 and a gas supply pipe 46. The bottom end of the oxygen supply pipe 43 is connected to an oxygen supply hose 44. The bottom end of the oxygen supply hose 44 is connected to an oxygen nozzle 45. The bottom end of the gas supply pipe 46 is connected to a gas supply hose 47. The bottom end of the gas supply hose 47 is connected to a gas nozzle 48. A combustion gun 418 is fixed to the inner side of the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 41. The high-temperature gas generated during smelting is burned and discharged through the bottom end of the exhaust pipe 41. During combustion, oxygen-enriched air is sprayed through the oxygen nozzle 45 to assist combustion. Together with the gas, the combustible components (such as carbon monoxide) in the high-temperature gas are burned completely. The remaining gas is then discharged through the exhaust pipe 41 to avoid the phenomenon of a large amount of combustible gas in the discharged gas causing safety hazards.

[0031] Example 2:

[0032] Please refer to Figures 2-8, which show the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment. The nozzle component 3 includes a nozzle tube 31 fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace 1. The nozzle tube 31 is connected to the smelting chamber 11. Multiple arc frames 32 are fixed to the top surface of the smelting chamber 11 at the position outside the bottom end of the nozzle tube 31. Venturi tubes 33 are fixed between the multiple arc frames 32. The top end of the nozzle tube 31 is connected to the second cyclone separator 34. The second cyclone separator 34 is connected to the gas inlet 35. The swirl direction of the second cyclone separator 34 is consistent with that of the first cyclone separator 24.

[0033] The venturi tube 33 includes a straight tube section 331, the bottom end of which is connected to a constricted section 332, the bottom end of which is connected to an arc-shaped constricted neck 333, and the bottom end of which is connected to a flared section 334. The bottom end of the nozzle tube 31 is inserted into and connected to the inner side of the top end of the straight tube section 331. The reaction gas enters the second cyclone separator 34 through the gas inlet 35 and then passes through the venturi tube 33. The venturi tube 33 changes the gas flow rate so that the swirling gas enters the smelting chamber 11 in a high-speed expanding state. At the same time, after the powder material undergoes a preliminary swirling reaction through the feeding component 2, it enters the smelting chamber 11 after contacting the high-speed expanding swirling gas. This causes the material to be entrained by the high-speed expanding swirling gas again in a high-temperature environment and then continuously collide and react with the reaction gas.

[0034] A fixing frame 29 is fixed to the bottom surface of the reaction channel 22. The bottom end of the fixing frame 29 is fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace 1. An oxygen lance outer sleeve 210 is sleeved on the outside of the pulsed oxygen lance 23. A fixing collar 211 is fixed to the end of the oxygen lance outer sleeve 210 near the feed pipe 21. The fixing collar 211 is sleeved on the outside of the end of the feed pipe 21. The regulating valve 27 is connected to the Laval nozzle 28 at the end away from the reaction channel 22. The Laval nozzle 28 is used to connect oxygen-enriched air for the initial reaction of the material.

[0035] The top side wall of the fixed collar 211 is vertically fixed to the threaded sleeve 212, and the internal thread of the threaded sleeve 212 is connected to the locking bolt 213. The bottom end of the locking bolt 213 contacts the side wall of the feed pipe 21.

[0036] Two disc seats 49 are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the bottom end of the oxygen supply pipe 43 and the gas supply pipe 46, respectively. Two corrugated sleeves 410 are fixedly connected between the two disc seats 49 and the oxygen nozzle 45 and the gas nozzle 48, respectively. The two corrugated sleeves 410 are sleeved on the outer side of the oxygen supply hose 44 and the gas hose 47, respectively. Two horizontal columns 416 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe 41, and two sliding sleeves 417 are fixedly connected to the free ends of the two horizontal columns 416, respectively. Two square rods 415 are vertically slidably connected inside the two sliding sleeves 417, and the bottom ends of the two square rods 415 are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the oxygen nozzle 45 and the gas nozzle 48, respectively.

[0037] Two L-shaped rods 411 are fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe 41. Two bottom rings 412 are fixedly connected to the free ends of the two L-shaped rods 411. Two adjusting nuts 413 are rotatably connected to the two bottom rings 412. Two threaded posts 414 are fixedly connected to the top of the two square rods 415. The adjusting nuts 413 are threaded onto the outside of the threaded posts 414. By rotating the adjusting nuts 413, the height of the oxygen nozzle 45 and the gas nozzle 48 can be adjusted, which makes it easy to adjust the combustion position according to the specific amount of smelting material, so that the combustible gas in the high-temperature exhaust gas can be completely burned.

[0038] Example 3:

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-8, which show the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the two embodiments described above. In use, the material is fed into the material hopper 25. The material is either dry nickel concentrate powder or dry nickel matte. The material enters the reaction channel 22 through the first hydrocyclone 24. At this time, oxygen-enriched air for the reaction also enters the reaction channel 22 through the Laval nozzle 28, and undergoes a preliminary swirling collision reaction with the material. The material is then injected into the smelting chamber 11 through the feed pipe 21. Simultaneously, the reaction gas enters through the gas inlet 35 in the nozzle component 3, swirls under the action of the second hydrocyclone 34, and then passes through the venturi tube 33. The venturi tube 33 changes the gas flow rate, causing the swirling gas to enter the smelting chamber 11 in a high-speed expansion state. At the same time, after the powder material undergoes a preliminary swirling reaction in the feed component 2, it enters the smelting chamber 11 after contacting the high-speed expansion swirling gas, thus making the material... The material is once again entrained by the rapidly expanding swirling gas in a high-temperature environment, and then continuously collides and reacts with the reactive gas. The molten droplets generated by the reaction fall off to complete the smelting process. The high-temperature gas generated during the smelting reaction is discharged from the exhaust component 4. During the discharge, the oxygen nozzle 45 sprays oxygen-enriched air to aid combustion, and the gas nozzle 48 sprays combustion gas to aid combustion. The combustible gas in the high-temperature gas is completely burned by the combustion gun 418 before being discharged. The present invention sets up a reaction channel 22 in the feeding component 2 for the material to undergo a preliminary swirling reaction, and then enters the smelting chamber 11 for a secondary swirling reaction. The contact time with the reactive gas is longer, which improves the utilization rate of oxygen in the reactive gas and makes the reaction more thorough. At the same time, the present invention sets up an exhaust component 4 to burn the combustible gas in the discharged high-temperature gas before discharge, avoiding the direct discharge of exhaust gas containing a large amount of combustible gas and solving the safety hazards at the exhaust of the smelting furnace 1.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A smelting apparatus for nickel smelting by swirl, comprising a smelting furnace (1), characterized in that: A smelting chamber (11) is opened inside the smelting furnace (1). Melt (12) is laid at the bottom of the smelting chamber (11). A nozzle component (3) and a flue gas component (4) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace (1). A feeding component (2) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace (1) near the nozzle component (3). The feeding component (2), the nozzle component (3), and the flue gas component (4) are all connected to the smelting chamber (11). The feeding component (2) includes a feeding pipe (21) and a reaction channel (22). The feed pipe (21) is fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace (1). The bottom end of the feed pipe (21) is located inside the smelting chamber (11) and is connected to the smelting chamber (11). The reaction channel (22) is connected to the pulsed oxygen lance (23) at one end near the feed pipe (21). The end of the pulsed oxygen lance (23) is inserted into the inside of the end of the feed pipe (21). The pulsed oxygen lance (23) is connected to the feed pipe (21). The reaction channel (22) is connected to the oxygen-enriched end at the other end away from the pulsed oxygen lance (23). An air passage (26) is provided, with one end of the oxygen-enriched air passage (26) away from the reaction passage (22) connected to a regulating valve (27). The top surface of the reaction passage (22) is connected to a first hydrocyclone (24), and the top of the first hydrocyclone (24) is connected to a material hopper (25). The exhaust component (4) includes an exhaust pipe (41) fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace (1), which is connected to the smelting chamber (11). Two horizontal cross-sections are fixed to the inner side of the top surface of the exhaust pipe (41). Support rod (42), the ends of the two horizontal support rods (42) are respectively vertically fixed to oxygen supply hard pipe (43) and gas supply hard pipe (46), the bottom end of oxygen supply hard pipe (43) is connected to oxygen supply hose (44), the bottom end of oxygen supply hose (44) is connected to oxygen nozzle (45), the bottom end of gas supply hard pipe (46) is connected to gas hose (47), the bottom end of gas hose (47) is connected to gas nozzle (48), and the bottom inner side of exhaust pipe (41) is fixed to combustion gun (418).

2. The nickel smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle component (3) includes a nozzle tube (31) fixed to the top surface of the smelting furnace (1). The nozzle tube (31) is connected to the smelting chamber (11). Multiple arc frames (32) are fixed to the top surface of the smelting chamber (11) at the position outside the bottom end of the nozzle tube (31). Venturi tubes (33) are fixed between the multiple arc frames (32). The top end of the nozzle tube (31) is connected to a second cyclone separator (34). A gas inlet (35) is connected to the second cyclone separator (34). The swirl direction of the second cyclone separator (34) is consistent with that of the first cyclone separator (24).

3. The nickel smelting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Venturi tube (33) includes a straight tube section (331), the bottom end of which is connected to a constricted section (332), the bottom end of which is connected to an arc-shaped constricted neck (333), the bottom end of which is connected to a flared section (334), and the bottom end of the nozzle tube (31) is inserted into and connected to the inside of the top end of the straight tube section (331).

4. The nickel smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the reaction channel (22) is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (29), and the bottom end of the fixing frame (29) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the smelting furnace (1). The outer side of the pulsed oxygen lance (23) is fitted with an oxygen lance outer sleeve (210). The end of the oxygen lance outer sleeve (210) near the feed pipe (21) is fixedly connected to a fixing collar (211). The fixing collar (211) is fitted on the outer side of the end of the feed pipe (21). The end of the regulating valve (27) away from the reaction channel (22) is connected to the Laval nozzle (28).

5. The nickel smelting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed collar (211) is vertically fixed to the side wall of the top surface of the threaded sleeve (212), and the threaded sleeve (212) is internally threaded to the locking bolt (213), and the bottom end of the locking bolt (213) contacts the side wall of the feed pipe (21).

6. The nickel smelting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two disc seats (49) are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the bottom end of the oxygen supply pipe (43) and the gas supply pipe (46). Two corrugated sleeves (410) are fixed between the two disc seats (49) and the oxygen nozzle (45) and the gas nozzle (48). The two corrugated sleeves (410) are sleeved on the outer side of the oxygen supply hose (44) and the gas hose (47). Two horizontal columns (416) are fixedly sleeved on the inner side wall of the exhaust pipe (41). Two sliding sleeves (417) are fixedly sleeved on the free end of the two horizontal columns (416). Two square rods (415) are vertically slidably connected inside the two sliding sleeves (417). The bottom ends of the two square rods (415) are fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the oxygen nozzle (45) and the gas nozzle (48).

7. The nickel smelting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two L-shaped rods (411) are fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe (41), and two bottom rings (412) are fixedly connected to the free ends of the two L-shaped rods (411). Two adjusting nuts (413) are rotatably connected to the two bottom rings (412). Two threaded columns (414) are fixedly connected to the top of the two square rods (415), and the adjusting nuts (413) are threaded onto the outside of the threaded columns (414).

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