Automatic testing device and method for surface mechanical stability of hard super-hydrophobic material

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of super-hydrophobic material surface quality testing device, and specifically discloses a kind of hard super-hydrophobic material surface mechanical stability automatic testing device and method, sample is fixed on horizontal plate, scratch and abrasion pressure head are fixed in tension-compression force sensor lower end respectively, sensor upper end is fixed in electric cylinder telescopic end respectively, electric cylinder is fixed in horizontal strip plate lower surface respectively, horizontal strip plate is fixed on driving device, water bottle is provided on workbench, and the bottle mouth is provided with micro vacuum pump and flowmeter, pure water can be sent to sample surface through hose and vertical rigid pipe, electric sliding table is arranged on the right side of sample, electric cylinder and water drop angle observation lens are arranged on the electric sliding table, the device can automatically complete scratch and abrasion position movement, increase or reduce vertical load and increase cycle number, complete water drop angle test, finally obtain critical failure scratch load and abrasion cycle number, test process and determination conclusion are automatically completed, human interference factors are eliminated, and test quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of superhydrophobic material surface quality testing devices, and specifically relates to an automatic testing device and method for the mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] Rigid superhydrophobic materials refer to superhydrophobic surfaces on non-woven substrates such as metals, alloys, ceramics, glass, plastics, and composite materials. When a water droplet reaches equilibrium on a solid surface and the three-phase contact line does not move, the angle between the tangent line drawn at the gas-liquid interface at the solid-gas-liquid three-phase intersection and the solid-liquid interface line is the contact angle. When a water droplet just rolls on an inclined surface, the angle formed by the inclined surface and the horizontal plane is the roll-off angle. If the contact angle of the material surface is greater than 150° and the roll-off contact angle is less than 10°, it is considered a superhydrophobic surface. Superhydrophobic phenomena are observed on the surfaces of lotus leaves, rice leaves, and the wings of butterflies, dragonflies, and cicadas. Utilizing the self-cleaning, drag-reducing, and superoleophilic properties of superhydrophobic materials, they are applied in military, agricultural, and construction fields, such as microfluidic capillary self-irrigation, non-destructive pipeline transportation, and waterproofing and anti-icing of buildings, outdoor equipment, and electrical cables. In actual use, the surface micro-nano structure of superhydrophobic materials will be subjected to bumps, scratches, abrasions or repeated friction and wear from external objects, causing the superhydrophobic function to be lost prematurely and the surface mechanical stability to fail to meet the manufacturer's claimed indicators.

[0003] Currently, the mechanical stability testing of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces is mostly conducted manually, resulting in discontinuous testing processes, human interference, and low-quality test data. There is currently no dedicated automated testing device for the mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces.

[0004] Purpose of the invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic testing device and method for the mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces, which automates the testing process and judgment, eliminates human interference factors, and achieves the goal of improving testing quality and efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of a rigid superhydrophobic material, comprising a worktable, a horizontal plate mounted on the worktable, and a slide rail driving device mounted on the horizontal plate. The slide rail driving device drives a first horizontal strip plate and a second horizontal strip plate to move in the X and Y directions. One end of the first and second horizontal strip plates is fixed on the slide rail driving device, and the other end is cantilevered.

[0008] The cantilever end of the first horizontal strip plate is connected to the first electric cylinder. The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder is equipped with a first tension / compression sensor. The lower surface of the first tension / compression sensor is equipped with a first pressure rod, and the lower end of the first pressure rod is fixed with a scratching pressure head. The cantilever end of the second horizontal strip plate is connected to the second electric cylinder. The telescopic end of the second electric cylinder is equipped with a second tension / compression sensor. The lower surface of the second tension / compression sensor is equipped with a second pressure rod, and the lower end of the second pressure rod is fixed with a wear pressure head. The first electric cylinder and the second electric cylinder extend and retract along the Z direction.

[0009] A mechanical stability test specimen of a hard superhydrophobic material surface is placed directly below the wear indenter and the scratch indenter. The specimen is set on the upper surface of a horizontal plate. A movable water droplet angle observation lens is installed on one side of the specimen.

[0010] A vertical rigid pipe is installed between the first and second horizontal strip plates, and the vertical rigid pipe is connected to the ultrapure water device.

[0011] As a further technical solution, a gimbal camera is also included, which can monitor the water outlet at the lower end of the vertical rigid pipe, the wear pressure head, the scratch pressure head, and the surface condition of the sample.

[0012] As a further technical solution, a water droplet angle analyzer is also installed on the workbench surface.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the water droplet angle observation lens is mounted on an electric gimbal, the lower end of which is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic end of the third electric cylinder. The third electric cylinder can move along a direction parallel to the line connecting the wear pressure head and the scratch pressure head under the drive of the third servo motor.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the first electric cylinder is driven by the first servo motor, and the second electric cylinder is driven by the second servo motor; the first servo motor, the second servo motor, the third servo motor, and the slide rail drive device are all controlled by the controller.

[0015] As a further technical solution, the lower end of the wear pressure head is a horizontal cylindrical rod.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the scratch indenter is a cemented carbide tungsten carbide ball.

[0017] As a further technical solution, a water tank is also provided on the upper surface of the workbench, and a hole is provided on one side of the water tank. The hole is connected to a return water hose, and the lower end of the return water hose is inserted into a return water device.

[0018] Secondly, the method for scratch testing using the aforementioned automatic testing device for the mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces is as follows:

[0019] The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder moves downward, and the pressure value of the scratch indenter on the sample surface is slightly lower than the critical failure load value of the scratch, causing the scratch indenter to move a set distance. The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder moves upward a certain distance, allowing ultrapure water to flow through the water supply hose and the lower outlet of the vertical rigid pipe to the sample and the scratch surface. When the ultrapure water reaches the set value, the process stops. The controller controls the closest distance of the scratch indenter to the scratch on the sample surface based on the image data provided by the electric pan-tilt camera, so that the water droplet observation lens is in the optimal observation angle position. The water droplet angle analyzer performs water droplet angle analysis on the image data transmitted by the observation lens. If it is determined that the static contact angle at the scratch is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°, it is determined that the superhydrophobicity at that point has not failed. If it is determined that the static contact angle at the scratch is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10°, it is determined that the superhydrophobicity at that point has failed.

[0020] For samples where the superhydrophobicity has not failed after the first scratch, the scratch indenter is moved away from the original scratch position, and the controller then controls the extension end of the first electric cylinder to move down. The pressure exerted by the scratch indenter on the sample surface is increased by 0.1N compared to the previous scratch pressure. If the superhydrophobicity is still not failed at this point, the scratch indenter 56 is moved away from the previous scratch position again as described above, and the pressure is increased by 0.1N for the next scratch test. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the scratch is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10°. This is the critical scratch load at which the superhydrophobicity of the sample fails, which is the mechanical strength of the superhydrophobic surface.

[0021] For a sample that fails to exhibit superhydrophobicity for the first time due to scratches, the scratch indenter is moved away from the original scratch position. The controller moves the extension end of the first electric cylinder downward, reducing the pressure exerted by the scratch indenter on the sample surface by 0.1N compared to the previous scratch pressure. If the superhydrophobicity still fails at this point, the scratch indenter 56 is moved away from the previous scratch position again as described above, and the pressure is reduced by another 0.1N for the next scratch test. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the scratch is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°. This is the critical scratch load for the superhydrophobicity failure of the sample, which is the mechanical strength of the superhydrophobic surface.

[0022] Thirdly, the method for conducting wear tests using the aforementioned automatic testing device for the mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces is as follows:

[0023] The extension end of the second electric cylinder is moved downward, and the pressure of the wear head acting vertically on the sample surface is set. The wear head moves back and forth a set distance at a set speed as one cycle. Each additional cycle, the controller controls the extension end of the second electric cylinder to move upward a certain distance, so that the ultrapure water supply hose and the lower outlet of the vertical rigid pipe flow to the sample and the wear surface. When the ultrapure water reaches the set value, the cycle stops. The controller moves the abrasion head to the closest point of wear on the sample surface based on the image data provided by the electric pan-tilt camera, positioning the water droplet observation lens at the optimal observation angle. The water droplet angle analyzer analyzes the image data transmitted by the observation lens. If the static contact angle at the wear point is determined to be greater than 150° and the roll-off angle less than 10°, it is determined that the number of wear cycles has not caused the superhydrophobicity of the sample surface to fail. The abrasion head is then moved away from its original wear position, and the extension end of the second electric cylinder moves downward, so that the pressure applied vertically to the sample surface by the abrasion head is the set value. The abrasion head is then controlled to move back and forth a set distance at a set speed, with one more cycle added than the previous test. This process continues until the static contact angle at the wear point is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10°. The number of cycles is the critical wear number or mechanical durability test result for the superhydrophobicity failure of the sample surface.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] The device disclosed in this invention automatically completes the scratch location movement and continuously increases or decreases the vertical load and water droplet angle test, ultimately determining the critical failure scratch load, i.e., the surface mechanical strength. The device also automatically completes the wear location movement and increases the number of cycles, as well as the water droplet angle test, ultimately determining the critical failure wear cycle number, i.e., mechanical durability. The controller, based on programming, uses the critical failure wear cycle number and mechanical durability as the x-axis and the critical failure scratch load and mechanical strength as the y-axis to characterize the mechanical stability of the hard superhydrophobic material surface of the sample. The device automatically completes the testing process and judgment, eliminating human interference and improving testing quality and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The left view;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The right view;

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 View from direction B;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a control principle diagram;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Ground, 2. Table legs, 3. Workbench surface, 4. Sink, 5. Adjusting nut, 6. Level plate A, 7. Dovetail plate A, 8. Lead screw shaft A, 9. Lead screw nut A, 10. Dovetail groove slide plate A, 11. Dovetail plate B, 12. Servo motor B, 13. Lead screw shaft B, 14. Lead screw nut B, 15. Reinforcing rib plate B, 16. Horizontal strip plate B, 17. Dovetail groove slide plate B, 18. Circular level, 19. Servo motor E, 20. Vertical rigid tube, 21. Fastening screw, 22. Water supply hose, 23. Cantilever plate, 24. Electric pan-tilt camera, 25. Connecting plate, 26. Miniature vacuum pump, 27. Water suction pipe, 28. Bottle cap, 29. Electric cylinder E, 30. Telescopic end E, 31. Tension / compression sensor E, 32. Water supply bottle, 3 3. Pressure bar E; 34. Wear pressure head; 35. Surface mechanical stability sample of hard superhydrophobic material; 36. Strong magnetic block; 37. Water droplet observation lens; 38. Electric gimbal; 39. Telescopic end D; 40. Electric cylinder D; 41. Moving slider C; 42. Nut C; 43. Lead screw shaft C; 44. Fixed vertical plate C; 45. Horizontal slide C; 46. Hole; 47. Return water hose; 48. Return water bottle; 49. Servo motor A; 50. Electrically controlled flow meter; 51. Air inlet; 52. Servo motor C; 53. Servo motor D; 54. Water droplet angle analyzer; 55. Display PLC controller; 56. Scratch pressure head; 57. Pressure bar F; 58. Tension and compression sensor F; 59. Telescopic end F; 60. Electric cylinder F; 61. Servo motor F. Detailed Implementation

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0034] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, unless otherwise expressly indicated by the invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing in this invention only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the accompanying drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Terminology Explanation: In this embodiment, ... Figure 1 Taking the orientation shown as an example, the width direction of the sample is defined as the X direction, the length direction of the sample is defined as the Y direction, and the height direction of the entire device is defined as the Z direction.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses an automatic testing device and method for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials. This device automatically tests the critical failure scratch load (i.e., surface mechanical strength) and the critical failure wear cycle number (i.e., mechanical durability) without human intervention, automatically completing the testing of the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material samples. The specific structure of the device mainly includes a worktable 3, a scratch indenter 6, an electric pan-tilt camera 24, a wear indenter 34, a water droplet observation lens 37, a water droplet angle analyzer 54, and a display PLC controller 55, etc. The specific installation methods of these components are as follows:

[0038] Four table legs 2 stand on the ground 1. A workbench 3 is mounted on top of the table legs 2. A rectangular water tank 4 is placed on the workbench 3. A hole 46 is provided on one side of the water tank 4. The hole 46 is connected to a return water hose 47. The lower end of the return water hose 47 is inserted into the mouth of a return water bottle 48. The return water bottle 48 is placed on the ground 1 below the workbench 3. Four adjusting nuts 5 are provided on the bottom surface of the water tank 4. The four adjusting nuts 5 are respectively connected to the four corners of the lower surface of the level plate A6. A circular level 18 is mounted in the center of the upper surface of the level plate A6. The adjusting nuts 5 can make the bubble in the circular level 18 be in the center position, that is, the upper surface of the level plate A6 is horizontal.

[0039] A dovetail plate A7 is longitudinally (Y-direction) fixed to the left side of the upper surface of horizontal plate A6 by bolts. A servo motor A49 is fixed to the rear end of dovetail plate A7 by bolts. The shaft of servo motor A49 is a lead screw shaft A8, which passes through a hole at the rear end of dovetail plate A7 and engages with a lead screw nut A9. The lead screw nut A9 is fixed to the lower surface of dovetail slide plate A10 by bolts. The end of lead screw shaft A8 is mounted on the front end of dovetail plate A7. A dovetail plate B11 is transversely (X-direction) fixed to the upper surface of dovetail slide plate A10 by bolts. A servo motor B12 is fixed to the left end of dovetail plate B11 by bolts. The shaft of servo motor B12 is a lead screw shaft B13, with a lead screw nut B14 screwed onto it. The lead screw nut B14 is fixed to the lower surface of dovetail slide plate B17 by bolts. The other end of lead screw shaft B13 is inserted into the right end of dovetail plate B11. (See attached diagram) Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The above structure is mainly designed to enable the two horizontal strip plates B16 to move in the X and Y axis directions.

[0040] Two horizontal strip plates B16 are bolted to the upper surface of the dovetail groove slide plate B17 along its moving direction. A reinforcing rib plate B15 is welded to the middle of the upper surface of the horizontal strip plate B16. Both horizontal strip plates B16 have cantilevered right sides. An electric cylinder F60 is bolted to the lower surface of the front horizontal strip plate B16. A servo motor F61 provides power to the electric cylinder F60. A tension / compression sensor F58 is installed at the lower end of the telescopic end F59 of the electric cylinder F60. The tension / compression sensor F58 has an accuracy of 0.01N. A pressure rod F57 is installed on the lower surface of the tension / compression sensor F58. A scratching indenter 56 is fixed to the lower end of the pressure rod F57. The scratching indenter 56 is a hard alloy tungsten carbide ball with a diameter of 28mm and a density of 14-15g / cm³. 3 The surface has a hardness of HRA90 and a surface roughness of 1.6μm. The operation of the servo motor F61 can extend or shorten the telescopic end F59 of the electric cylinder F60, thereby moving the scratching indenter 56 down or up.

[0041] The lower surface of the rear horizontal strip plate B16 is bolted to the electric cylinder E29. The servo motor E19 provides power to the electric cylinder E29. The lower end of the telescopic end E30 of the electric cylinder E29 is equipped with a tension / compression sensor E31. The tension / compression sensor E31 has an accuracy of 0.01N. The lower surface of the tension / compression sensor E31 is equipped with a pressure rod E33. The lower end of the pressure rod E33 is fixed with a wear pressure head 34. The wear pressure head 34 is made of high-polymer soft material nylon PA66. The lower end of the wear pressure head 34 is a horizontal cylindrical rod with a diameter of 6mm, a length of 10mm, and a density of 1.3g / cm³. 3 The surface has a hardness of H358 and a surface roughness of 3.2μm. The operation of the servo motor E19 can extend or shorten the telescopic end E30 of the electric cylinder E29, thereby moving the wear pressure head 34 down or up.

[0042] Servo motor A49 enables the scratching indenter 56 or the abrasion indenter 34 to press and move longitudinally against the sample 35. Similarly, when the telescopic ends E30 and F59 are shortened, the scratching indenter 56 and the abrasion indenter 34 move longitudinally above the sample 35 to change their positions. When the telescopic ends E30 and F59 are shortened, servo motor B12 enables the scratching indenter 56 and the abrasion indenter 34 to move laterally above the sample 35, changing the scratching or abrasion position. See appendix. Figure 1 and attached Figure 5 A hard, superhydrophobic material surface mechanical stability sample 35 is placed directly below the abrasion indenter 34 and the scratch indenter 56. The four corners of the sample 35 are in close contact with the inner corners of the strong magnetic block 36, and the lower surface of the strong magnetic block 36 is adsorbed onto the upper surface of the horizontal plate A6. (See attached image.) Figures 1-2 .

[0043] A water droplet angle observation lens 37 is installed on the right side of sample 35. The observation lens 37 is mounted on an electric gimbal 38, the lower end of which is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic end D39 of electric cylinder D40. Servo motor D53 provides power to electric cylinder D40. Electric cylinder D40 and servo motor D53 are fixed to movable slider C41 by bolts. Movable slider C41 is placed on horizontal slide rail C45. Fixed vertical plates C44 are welded to both ends of horizontal slide rail C45. A nut C42 is fixed to the lower surface of movable slider C41 by bolts. A lead screw shaft C43 is screwed inside the nut C42. The lead screw shaft C43 is the shaft of servo motor C52. Servo motor C52 is mounted on the outside of fixed vertical plate C44 by bolts. The other end of lead screw shaft C43 is mounted on the other fixed vertical plate C44. The movement direction of water droplet angle observation lens 37 is the Y direction.

[0044] A water supply bottle 32 is placed on the workbench surface 3. The water supply bottle 32 contains ultrapure water with a resistivity of 18 MΩ*cm. The bottle mouth of the water supply bottle 32 is fitted with a bottle cap 28. A miniature vacuum pump 26 is fixed to the bottle cap 28 by bolts. The water inlet of the miniature vacuum pump 26 is connected to a water suction pipe 27. The other end of the water suction pipe 27 is inserted into the hole on the bottle cap 28 and enters the water supply bottle 32 to the bottom of the bottle. An air inlet 51 is provided on the bottle cap 28. The water outlet of the miniature vacuum pump 26 is connected to an electronically controlled flow meter 50. The water outlet of the electronically controlled flow meter 50 is connected to a retractable water supply hose 22. The other end of the water supply hose 22 is connected to a vertical rigid pipe 20. The vertical rigid pipe 20 is fixed to the cantilever plate 23 by fastening screws 21. The cantilever plate 23 is fixed to the middle of the connecting plate 25 by bolts. The two sides of the connecting plate 25 are respectively fixed between two horizontal strip plates B16 by bolts.

[0045] An electric pan-tilt camera 24 is mounted on the lower surface of the connecting plate 25. The electric pan-tilt camera 24 can monitor the water outlet at the lower end of the vertical rigid pipe 20, the wear pressure head 34, the scratch pressure head 56, and the surface condition of the sample 35. A water droplet angle analyzer 54 and a display PLC controller 55 are also provided on the workbench surface 3.

[0046] The electrical control wires of the aforementioned servo motors A49, B12, C52, D53, E19, F61, miniature vacuum pump 26, electric flow meter 50, tension / compression sensor E31, tension / compression sensor F56, electric pan / tilt camera 24, electric pan / tilt 38, observation lens 37, and water droplet angle analyzer 54 are all connected to the display PLC controller 55 via wired or wireless connection. The PLC controller 55 inputs the test control program and the image analysis and self-learning adaptive program.

[0047] Instructions for use: The test environment is 20–30℃ and relative humidity 10–40%. Place the mechanical stability sample 35 of the hard superhydrophobic material surface on a horizontal plate A6. Four strong magnetic blocks 36 are respectively attached to the corners of the sample 35 and adsorbed onto the horizontal plate A6. (See attached image) Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 Press the test start button on the PLC controller 55, and all electrical control components will enter the working state.

[0048] The scratch test method is as follows:

[0049] PLC controller 55 controls servo motor F61 to work, causing the telescopic end F59 of electric cylinder F60 to move downwards. The tension and pressure sensor F58 reduces the weight of pressure rod F57 and scratch indenter 56. The pressure value of scratch indenter 56 acting on the surface of sample 35 is slightly lower than the manufacturer's claimed critical failure load value for scratches. PLC controller 55 controls servo motor A49 to work, causing scratch indenter 56 to move 20mm at a speed of 50mm / min. PLC controller 55 controls servo motor F61 to work, causing the telescopic end F59 of electric cylinder F60 to move upwards a certain distance. PLC controller 55 controls micro vacuum pump 26 to work, and water pipe 27 draws ultrapure water from water supply bottle 32 into micro vacuum pump 26. Micro vacuum pump 26 then flows ultrapure water through electronic flow meter 50, water supply hose 22, and the lower outlet of vertical rigid pipe 20 to sample 35 and the scratched surface. When electronic flow meter 50 reaches the programmed flow value, PLC controller 55 controls micro vacuum pump 26 to stop working. Based on the image data provided by the electric pan-tilt camera 25, the PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor C52 to move the slider C41 to the closest distance to the scratch indenter 56 on the surface of the sample 35. The PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor D53 to extend or shorten the telescopic end D39 of the electric cylinder D40. The PLC controller 55 controls the electric pan-tilt 38 to position the water droplet observation lens 37 at the optimal observation angle. The water droplet angle analyzer 54 performs water droplet angle analysis on the image data transmitted by the observation lens 37. If the static contact angle at the scratch is determined to be greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°, the superhydrophobicity at that point is determined to be intact. If the static contact angle at the scratch is determined to be less than 150° or the roll-off angle is determined to be greater than 10°, the superhydrophobicity at that point is determined to be faulty. For the sample 35 whose superhydrophobicity has not failed in the first scratch test, the PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor A49 or servo motor B12 to work, so that the scratch indenter 56 moves away from the original scratch position. The PLC controller 55 then controls the servo motor F61 to move the extension end F59 of the electric cylinder F60 downward. The pressure of the scratch indenter 56 on the surface of the sample 35 is increased by 0.1N compared with the previous scratch pressure. If the superhydrophobicity is still not failed at this point, the scratch indenter 56 is moved away from the previous scratch position again as described above, and the pressure is increased by 0.1N for the next scratch test. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the scratch is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10°. This is the critical scratch load at which the superhydrophobicity of the sample 35 fails, which is the mechanical strength of the superhydrophobic surface.For the sample 35 that fails to exhibit superhydrophobicity for the first time due to scratches, the PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor A49 or servo motor B12 to operate, causing the scratch indenter 56 to move away from the original scratch position. The PLC controller 55 then controls the servo motor F61 to move the extension end F59 of the electric cylinder F60 downward, reducing the pressure exerted by the scratch indenter 56 on the surface of the sample 35 by 0.1N compared to the previous scratch pressure. If the superhydrophobicity still fails at this point, the scratch indenter 56 is moved away from the previous scratch position again as described above, and the pressure is reduced by 0.1N for the next scratch test. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the scratch point is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°. This is the critical scratch load for the superhydrophobicity failure of the sample 35, which is the mechanical strength of the superhydrophobic surface.

[0050] The wear test method is as follows:

[0051] PLC controller 55 controls servo motor E19 to work, causing the telescopic end E33 of electric cylinder E29 to move downward. The tension and pressure sensor E31 reduces the weight of pressure rod E33 and wear head 34. The wear head 34 acts vertically on the surface of sample 35 with a pressure value of 3N. PLC controller 55 controls servo motor A49 to work, causing wear head 34 to move back and forth at a speed of 50mm / min for 20mm as one cycle. With each additional cycle, PLC controller 55 controls servo motor E19 to work, causing the telescopic end E33 of electric cylinder E29 to move upward a certain distance. PLC controller 55 controls micro vacuum pump 26 to work, and water pipe 27 draws ultrapure water from water supply bottle 32 into micro vacuum pump 26. Micro vacuum pump 26 then flows ultrapure water through electronic flow meter 50, water supply hose 22, and the lower outlet of vertical rigid pipe 20 to sample 35 and the wear surface. When electronic flow meter 50 reaches the programmed flow value, PLC controller 55 controls micro vacuum pump 26 to stop working. Based on the image data provided by the electric pan-tilt camera 25, the PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor C52 to move the slider C41 to the closest distance to the wear point on the surface of the sample 35. The PLC controller 55 also controls the servo motor D53 to extend or retract the telescopic end D39 of the electric cylinder D40, and controls the electric pan-tilt 38 to position the water droplet observation lens 37 at the optimal observation angle. The water droplet angle analyzer 54 performs water droplet angle analysis on the image data transmitted by the observation lens 37. If the wear point is determined to be statically connected... If the contact angle is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°, it is determined that the number of wear cycles has not caused the superhydrophobicity of the sample 35 surface to fail. The PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor A49 or servo motor B12 to work, so that the wear pressure head 34 moves away from the original wear position. The PLC controller 55 then controls the servo motor E19 to work, so that the extension end E33 of the electric cylinder E29 moves down, so that the wear pressure head 34 acts vertically on the surface of the sample 35 with a pressure value of 3N. The PLC controller 55 controls the servo motor A49 to work, so that the wear pressure head 34 moves back and forth 20mm at a speed of 50mm / min. One more cycle is added than the previous one before the test is performed. This process is repeated until the number of cycles when the static contact angle at the wear position is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10° is measured. This number of cycles is the critical wear number or mechanical durability of the sample 35 surface when the superhydrophobicity fails.

[0052] The device automatically performs scratch location movement and continuously increases or decreases the vertical load and water droplet angle test, ultimately determining the critical failure scratch load, i.e., surface mechanical strength. The device also automatically performs wear location movement and increases the number of cycles, as well as the water droplet angle test, ultimately determining the critical failure wear cycle count, i.e., mechanical durability. The PLC controller 55, according to its programming, uses the critical failure wear cycle count and mechanical durability as the x-axis and the critical failure scratch load and mechanical strength as the y-axis to characterize the mechanical stability of the hard superhydrophobic material surface of sample 35. The device automates the testing process and judgment, eliminating human interference and improving testing quality and efficiency.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic testing device for the mechanical stability of a hard superhydrophobic material surface, characterized in that, Includes a workbench, on which a horizontal plate is mounted, and on the horizontal plate a slide rail drive device is mounted, the slide rail drive device drives a first horizontal strip plate and a second horizontal strip plate to move in the X and Y directions; one end of the first and second horizontal strip plates is fixed to the slide rail drive device, and the other end is cantilevered; The cantilever end of the first horizontal strip plate is connected to the first electric cylinder. The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder is equipped with a first tension / compression sensor. The lower surface of the first tension / compression sensor is equipped with a first pressure rod, and the lower end of the first pressure rod is fixed with a scratching pressure head. The cantilever end of the second horizontal strip plate is connected to the second electric cylinder. The telescopic end of the second electric cylinder is equipped with a second tension / compression sensor. The lower surface of the second tension / compression sensor is equipped with a second pressure rod, and the lower end of the second pressure rod is fixed with a wear pressure head. The first electric cylinder and the second electric cylinder extend and retract along the Z direction. A mechanical stability test specimen of a hard superhydrophobic material surface is placed directly below the wear indenter and the scratch indenter. The specimen is set on the upper surface of a horizontal plate. A movable water droplet angle observation lens is installed on one side of the specimen. A vertical rigid pipe is installed between the first and second horizontal strip plates, and the vertical rigid pipe is connected to the ultrapure water device.

2. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a PTZ camera, which can monitor the water outlet at the lower end of the vertical rigid pipe, the wear pressure head, the scratch pressure head, and the surface condition of the sample.

3. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A water droplet angle analyzer is also installed on the workbench surface.

4. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water droplet angle observation lens is mounted on an electric gimbal, the lower end of which is fixed to the upper end of the telescopic end of the third electric cylinder. The third electric cylinder can move along a direction parallel to the line connecting the wear pressure head and the scratch pressure head under the drive of the third servo motor.

5. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first electric cylinder is driven by the first servo motor, and the second electric cylinder is driven by the second servo motor; the first servo motor, the second servo motor, the third servo motor, and the slide rail drive device are all controlled by the controller.

6. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the wear pressure head is a horizontal cylindrical rod.

7. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The scratch indenter is a cemented carbide tungsten carbide ball.

8. The automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A water tank is also provided on the upper surface of the workbench. A hole is provided on one side of the water tank, and the hole is connected to a return water hose. The lower end of the return water hose is inserted into a return water device.

9. A method for scratch testing using the automatic testing device for the mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic material surfaces according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder moves downward, and the pressure value of the scratch indenter on the sample surface is slightly lower than the critical failure load value of the scratch, causing the scratch indenter to move a set distance. The telescopic end of the first electric cylinder moves upward a certain distance, allowing ultrapure water to flow through the water supply hose and the lower outlet of the vertical rigid pipe to the sample and the scratch surface. When the ultrapure water reaches the set value, the process stops. The controller controls the closest distance of the scratch indenter to the scratch on the sample surface based on the image data provided by the electric pan-tilt camera, so that the water droplet observation lens is in the optimal observation angle position. The water droplet angle analyzer performs water droplet angle analysis on the image data transmitted by the observation lens. If it is determined that the static contact angle at the scratch is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°, it is determined that the superhydrophobicity at that point has not failed. If it is determined that the static contact angle at the scratch is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10°, it is determined that the superhydrophobicity at that point has failed. For a sample whose superhydrophobicity has not failed after the first scratch, the scratch indenter is moved away from the original scratch position, and the controller controls the extension end of the first electric cylinder to move down. The pressure of the scratch indenter on the sample surface is increased by 0.1N compared with the previous scratch pressure. If the superhydrophobicity is still not failed at that point, the scratch indenter (56) is moved away from the previous scratch position again as described above, and 0.1N is added again for the next scratch test. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the scratch is less than 150° or the rolling angle is greater than 10°. This is the critical scratch load for the failure of the superhydrophobicity of the sample, which is the mechanical strength of the superhydrophobic surface. For a sample that fails to exhibit superhydrophobicity for the first time due to scratches, the scratch indenter is moved away from the original scratch position. The controller moves the extension end of the first electric cylinder downward, and the pressure exerted by the scratch indenter on the sample surface is reduced by 0.1N compared to the previous scratch pressure. If the superhydrophobicity still fails at this point, the scratch indenter (56) is moved away from the previous scratch position again as described above, and the pressure is reduced by 0.1N for the next scratch test. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the scratch is greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°. This is the critical scratch load for the superhydrophobicity failure of the sample, which is the mechanical strength of the superhydrophobic surface.

10. A method for conducting scratch abrasion tests using an automatic testing device for the surface mechanical stability of hard superhydrophobic materials according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The second electric cylinder's telescopic end moves downward, and the abrasion head applies a set pressure perpendicular to the sample surface. The abrasion head moves back and forth a set distance at a set speed, constituting one cycle. With each additional cycle, the controller moves the telescopic end of the second electric cylinder upward a certain distance, allowing ultrapure water to flow through the water supply hose and the lower outlet of the vertical rigid pipe to the sample and the abrasion surface. The cycle stops when the ultrapure water reaches the set value. Based on the image data provided by the electric pan-tilt camera, the controller moves the abrasion head to the closest point of abrasion on the sample surface, positioning the water droplet observation lens at the optimal observation angle. The water droplet angle analyzer then analyzes the image data transmitted by the observation lens. According to the water droplet angle analysis, if the static contact angle at the wear point is determined to be greater than 150° and the roll-off angle is less than 10°, then the wear cycle count is determined not to cause the superhydrophobicity of the sample surface to fail. The wear pressure head is moved away from the original wear position, and the extension end of the second electric cylinder is moved down, so that the wear pressure head acts perpendicularly on the sample surface with a pressure value set. The wear pressure head is controlled to move back and forth a set distance at a set speed. After adding one more cycle than the previous one, the test is performed. This process is repeated until the static contact angle at the wear position is less than 150° or the roll-off angle is greater than 10°. The number of cycles is the critical wear count or mechanical durability of the sample surface when the superhydrophobicity fails.

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