A spiral feeder capable of meeting various use requirements

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of feeding equipment technology and proposes a screw conveyor that can meet various usage requirements. It includes a feeding box and a discharging box, as well as a level detector installed in the discharging box. A slow-feed screw conveyor and a fast-feed screw conveyor are arranged between the feeding box and the discharging box. In this invention, during the initial feeding stage, the slow-feed and fast-feed screw conveyors operate simultaneously. When the feeding amount is about to reach a set value, the level detector sends a feedback signal to the control system, shutting down the fast-feed screw conveyor and allowing only the slow-feed screw conveyor to operate, ensuring feeding accuracy. When the feeding amount reaches the set value, the control system immediately shuts down the slow-feed screw conveyor, resulting in fast and accurate feeding each time. For large proportions of materials, the control system can also be used for batch feeding and cyclic feeding and discharging, solving the problem of unsatisfactory quantitative material measurement in related technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feeding equipment technology, specifically to a screw feeder that can meet a variety of usage requirements. Background Technology

[0002] With the mechanization and automation of the aquaculture industry, automatic feeding mechanisms are no longer unfamiliar in the field. Screw feeders, capable of directional and quantitative feeding, are widely used in aquaculture. Currently, commercially available screw feeders typically include a cylinder, a spindle rotatably mounted within the cylinder, helical blades fixedly mounted on the spindle, and a drive device connected to the spindle to drive its rotation. The cylinder has an inlet on its circumference and a outlet at one end. During operation, feed enters the cylinder through the inlet, and the spindle rotates at a set speed, discharging the feed through the outlet via the helical blades. Quantitative feeding can be achieved simply by controlling the spindle's rotation time.

[0003] For example, patent number 201320536383.5 describes a screw feeder and a feeding mechanism using the screw feeder. The screw feeder includes a cylinder, a mandrel, and screw blades. The front end of the cylinder has a discharge port, and a rotating bowl is fixedly mounted on the front end of the mandrel. The rotating bowl has an opening for receiving and discharging the material discharged from the cylinder, and this opening is located radially around the rotation axis of the rotating bowl. In use, a portion of the material from the discharge port of the cylinder first enters the rotating bowl before being conveyed to the set location. By adjusting the initial position of the rotating bowl, all the material can be conveyed through the rotating bowl before being discharged. When the screw feeder stops, even if the mandrel continues to rotate due to inertia, the material discharged from the cylinder will only enter the rotating bowl and will not be discharged, thereby greatly improving the quantitative accuracy of the screw feeder.

[0004] For example, patent number 201921855621.2 discloses an overflow screw feeder, including a screw feeder body, an overflow box, and an anti-backflow plate. The feed pipe and discharge pipe of the screw feeder body are respectively located at two ends of the screw feeder body, and the openings of both the feed pipe and discharge pipe are upward-facing. An overflow box is provided on the discharge pipe and the outer side of the screw feeder body corresponding to the discharge pipe, and a dust discharge port is opened at the bottom of the overflow box. A horizontally arranged anti-backflow plate slides vertically inside the overflow box above the discharge pipe, and the bottom surface of the anti-backflow plate is in contact with the port of the discharge pipe. During use, no air will flow back into the electrostatic precipitator from this invention, ensuring the normal operation of the electrostatic precipitator and the normal production line.

[0005] However, during the implementation of the relevant technology, the following problems were found in the above-mentioned screw feeder during the material feeding process:

[0006] 1. During the feeding process, the discharge speed may need to be increased or decreased or the amount of material dispensed at one time may be large depending on the actual production needs. However, the above screw conveyors are all single-pipe conveyors. Increasing the speed will lead to inaccurate dispensing, while decreasing the speed will lead to increased dispensing time. This cannot meet the diverse production needs. For quantitatively metered materials, the feeding effect of the above screw conveyors cannot be ideal, and the conveying efficiency is low.

[0007] 2. In the process of single-pipe conveying, due to the large demand in the early stage, a large amount of material needs to be put in. However, the conveying capacity of the single-pipe conveying used by the screw conveyor is limited, which can easily cause material to block the feed port, thereby increasing the batching time and causing the material conveying to be unable to keep up. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a screw feeder that can meet various usage requirements, solving the problems of unsatisfactory quantitative metering of materials and insufficient material conveying in the early stages in the prior art.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A screw feeder that can meet various usage requirements includes an upper feeding box and a lower feeding box, and a material level detector installed in the lower feeding box. A slow-feed screw conveyor cylinder and a fast-feed screw conveyor cylinder are arranged between the upper feeding box and the lower feeding box. The inner sides of the slow-feed screw conveyor cylinder and the fast-feed screw conveyor cylinder are rotatably equipped with a slow-feed auger and a fast-feed auger for feeding materials in the upper feeding box into the lower feeding box at different conveying rates. The outer side of the lower feeding box is equipped with a slow-feed power device and a fast-feed power device for driving the slow-feed auger and the fast-feed auger to rotate, respectively. The bottom of the lower feeding box is provided with a discharge port, and the top of the upper feeding box is provided with a feeding mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes an outer frame, and an elastic feeding bag is fixed to the inner side of the outer frame. The elastic feeding bag is in the shape of an inverted frustum, and two reinforcing rods are fixed to opposite sides of the bottom. The elastic feeding bag forms a feeding port between the two reinforcing rods at the bottom. A guide plate is provided below the feeding port. The guide plate is fixed to the inner wall of the feeding box. A drive component and a shaking component that shakes continuously under the reciprocating pressure of the drive component are provided at both ends of the two reinforcing rods.

[0011] Preferably, the driving component includes a motor, which is fixed to the inner wall of the feeding box, and a cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the cam has two protrusions, and the two protrusions are symmetrical about the central axis of the cam.

[0013] Preferably, both ends of the reinforcing rod are fixedly connected to positioning shafts, and the inner walls on both sides of the feeding box are provided with sliding grooves for sliding and limiting the two positioning shafts.

[0014] Preferably, the material shaking component includes a fixed base, which is fixed on a positioning shaft. A sleeve is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning shaft. A telescopic rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the sleeve. One end of the telescopic rod extends to the outer side of the sleeve and is fixedly connected to a pressure plate. A spring is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic rod. The two ends of the spring are fixed to the pressure plate and the sleeve, respectively. A fixing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve. A connecting rod is slidably connected to the outer side of the fixing ring.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure plate presses against the protruding part of the cam under the elastic force of the spring.

[0016] Preferably, the guide plate is in an inverted V-shape.

[0017] The working principle and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. In this invention, when the initial material feeding demand is large, the slow-feeding screw conveyor and the fast-feeding screw conveyor operate simultaneously to ensure the feeding speed. When the feeding amount is about to reach the set value, the material level detector sends a sensing signal to the control system, and the control system shuts down the fast-feeding screw conveyor and operates the slow-feeding screw conveyor alone. Since the slow-feeding screw conveyor conveys materials more slowly, it can ensure the accuracy of feeding. When the feeding amount reaches the set value, the control system immediately shuts down the operation of the slow-feeding screw conveyor, so that each batching is fast and accurate. For large proportions of materials, the control system can also be used to feed materials in batches and circulate feeding and discharging, which solves the problem of unsatisfactory quantitative metering of materials in related technologies.

[0019] 2. In the early stage of material feeding in this invention, when the control system starts the motor, its output shaft drives the cam to rotate. The cam surface protrusions reciprocate to the pressure plates on both sides, and the reaction force of the spring pushes the reinforcing rods on both sides of the bottom of the elastic feeding bag. This causes the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag to shake continuously, and the width of the bottom opening repeatedly increases and decreases, thereby making the material more evenly distributed below. The material is discharged into the slow feeding auger and fast feeding auger below by the guide plate. The material is simultaneously conveyed to the lower material box by the slow feeding screw conveyor and the fast feeding screw conveyor. The continuous shaking of the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag can also prevent material jamming, thus solving the problem of insufficient material conveying in the early stage in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a screw feeder structure that can meet various usage requirements according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the screw feeder proposed in this invention, which can meet various usage requirements.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the feed removal mechanism of a screw feeder that can meet various usage requirements according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism structure proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a side view of the cross-sectional structure of the feeding mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism proposed in this invention, excluding the outer frame and the elastic feeding bag;

[0027] Figure 7 The present invention proposes Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Feeding box; 2. Slow-feeding screw conveyor cylinder; 21. Slow-feeding auger; 3. Fast-feeding screw conveyor cylinder; 31. Fast-feeding auger; 4. Slow-feeding power unit; 5. Fast-feeding power unit; 6. Discharge box; 7. Discharge port; 8. Feeding mechanism; 81. Outer frame; 82. Elastic discharge bag; 821. Reinforcing rod; 822. Positioning shaft; 83. Guide plate; 84. Shaking component; 841. Fixed seat; 842. Sleeve; 843. Telescopic rod; 844. Pressure plate; 845. Spring; 846. Fixing ring; 847. Connecting rod; 85. Drive component; 851. Motor; 852. Cam. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3This embodiment provides a technical solution: a screw feeder that can meet various usage requirements, including a loading box 1 and a unloading box 6, and a material level detector installed in the unloading box 6. The material level detector adopts one or more of the disclosed technology, such as an ultrasonic material level sensor, a weighing sensor, or an infrared sensor. A slow-feeding screw conveyor cylinder 2 and a fast-feeding screw conveyor cylinder 3 are arranged between the loading box 1 and the unloading box 6. The inner sides of the slow-feeding screw conveyor cylinder 2 and the fast-feeding screw conveyor cylinder 3 are rotatably equipped with a slow-feeding auger 21 and a fast-feeding auger 31 for feeding the material in the loading box 1 into the unloading box 6 at different conveying rates. The outer side of the unloading box 6 is equipped with a screw conveyor for driving the slow-feeding screw conveyor 21 and the fast-feeding auger 31 respectively. The material auger 21 and the fast feeding auger 31 are rotated by the slow feeding power device 4 and the fast feeding power device 5. The bottom of the feeding box 6 is provided with a feeding port 7 for discharging materials. The conveying capacity of the slow feeding screw conveyor 2 per unit time is less than that of the fast feeding screw conveyor 3 per unit time. In the same time period, the slow feeding screw conveyor 2 feeds less material, while the fast feeding screw conveyor 3 feeds more material. When the initial material demand is large, the slow feeding screw conveyor 2 and the fast feeding screw conveyor 3 operate simultaneously to ensure the feeding speed. In the later stage, the fast feeding screw conveyor 3 is turned off and the slow feeding screw conveyor 2 is operated alone to ensure the accuracy of feeding, so that each batching is fast and accurate.

[0031] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The top of the feeding box 1 is equipped with a feeding mechanism 8, which includes an outer frame 81. An elastic feeding bag 82 is fixed inside the outer frame 81. Specifically, the top four sides of the elastic feeding bag 82 are fixed to the inner wall of the outer frame 81. The elastic feeding bag 82 is in the shape of an inverted frustum, and two reinforcing rods 821 are fixed on opposite sides of the bottom to open the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag 82 for easy feeding. Positioning shafts 822 are fixedly connected to both ends of the reinforcing rods 821. Sliding grooves are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the feeding box 1 for sliding and limiting the two positioning shafts 822. The elastic feeding bag 82 is located between the two reinforcing rods 821 at the bottom. A material inlet is formed, and a guide plate 83 is provided below the material inlet. The guide plate 83 is fixed on the inner wall of the feeding box 1. The guide plate 83 is in the shape of an inverted V. The two ends of the two reinforcing rods 821 are provided with a driving component 85 and a shaking component 84 that shakes continuously under the reciprocating pressure of the driving component 85. The shaking component 84 shakes continuously under the reciprocating pressure of the driving component 85, which can evenly disperse the material at the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag 82. Moreover, the continuous change in the width of the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag 82 can facilitate the feeding of materials and prevent the material from falling behind the conveying speed when the slow screw conveyor cylinder 2 and the fast screw conveyor cylinder 3 are running simultaneously.

[0032] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7The drive component 85 includes a motor 851, which is fixed to the inner wall of the feeding box 1. A cam 852 is fixedly connected to the output shaft end of the motor 851. The outer surface of the cam 852 has two protrusions, which are symmetrical about the central axis of the cam 852. The shaking component 84 includes a fixed seat 841, which is fixed to the positioning shaft 822. A sleeve 842 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning shaft 822. A telescopic rod 843 is slidably connected to the inner side of the sleeve 842. One end of the telescopic rod 843 extends to the outer side of the sleeve 842 and is fixedly connected to a pressure plate 844. A spring 845 is fitted on the outer side of the cam 842. The two ends of the spring 845 are fixed to the pressure plate 844 and the sleeve 842 respectively. A fixing ring 846 is fixedly fitted on the outer side of the sleeve 842. A connecting rod 847 is slidably connected to the outer side of the fixing ring 846. The pressure plate 844 presses against the protruding part of the cam 852 under the elastic force of the spring 845. When the motor 851 is working, the output shaft can drive the cam 852 to rotate. Under the reciprocating pressure of the two pressure plates 844 by the protrusion on the surface of the cam 852, the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag 82 can be continuously shaken, thereby making the feeding more uniform and preventing the material from jamming.

[0033] It should be noted that the screw feeder provided in this embodiment, which can meet various usage requirements, should also include a control system for controlling the slow-feeding power unit 4, the fast-feeding power unit 5, and the drive component 85 based on the material level detected by the material level detector. In this embodiment, the screw feeder is automatically controlled by the control system. When the initial material feeding demand is large, the slow-feeding screw conveyor 2 and the fast-feeding screw conveyor 3 operate simultaneously to ensure the feeding speed. When the material feeding amount is about to reach the set value, the material level detector sends a sensing signal to the control system, and the control system shuts down the fast-feeding screw conveyor 3 and operates the slow-feeding screw conveyor 2 alone. Since the slow-feeding screw conveyor 2 conveys materials more slowly, the feeding accuracy can be guaranteed. When the material feeding amount reaches the set value, the control system immediately shuts down the operation of the slow-feeding screw conveyor 2, so that each batching is fast and accurate. For large proportions of materials, the control system can also be used to feed materials in batches and circulate feeding and discharging, solving the problem of unsatisfactory quantitative metering of materials in related technologies.

[0034] In the above process, during the early stage of material feeding, when the control system starts the motor 851, its output shaft drives the cam 852 to rotate. Under the reciprocating pressure of the two pressure plates 844 by the protrusions on the surface of the cam 852, the reaction force of the spring 845 pushes the reinforcing rods 821 on both sides of the bottom of the elastic feeding bag 82, which makes the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag 82 shake continuously, and the width of the bottom opening repeatedly increases and decreases, thereby making the material more evenly distributed below. The material is discharged into the slow feeding auger 21 and fast feeding auger 31 below by the guide plate 83, and is simultaneously conveyed to the material box 6 by the slow feeding screw conveyor cylinder 2 and the fast feeding screw conveyor cylinder 3. The continuous shaking of the bottom opening of the elastic feeding bag 82 can also prevent material jamming.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw feeder capable of meeting various usage requirements, comprising an upper feed box (1) and a lower feed box (6) and a material level detector disposed within the lower feed box (6), characterized in that, A slow-feeding screw conveyor (2) and a fast-feeding screw conveyor (3) are provided between the loading box (1) and the unloading box (6). The inner sides of the slow-feeding screw conveyor (2) and the fast-feeding screw conveyor (3) are rotatably provided with a slow-feeding auger (21) and a fast-feeding auger (31) for feeding the material in the loading box (1) into the unloading box (6) at different conveying speeds. The outer side of the unloading box (6) is provided with a slow-feeding power device (4) and a fast-feeding power device (5) for driving the slow-feeding auger (21) and the fast-feeding auger (31) to rotate respectively. The bottom of the unloading box (6) is provided with a discharge port (7), and the top of the loading box (1) is provided with a feeding mechanism (8). The feeding mechanism (8) includes an outer frame (81), and an elastic feeding bag (82) is fixed inside the outer frame (81). The elastic feeding bag (82) is in the shape of an inverted frustum, and two reinforcing rods (821) are fixed on opposite sides of the bottom. The elastic feeding bag (82) forms a feeding port between the two reinforcing rods (821) at the bottom. A guide plate (83) is provided below the feeding port. The guide plate (83) is fixed on the inner wall of the feeding box (1). A drive component (85) and a shaking component (84) that shakes continuously under the reciprocating pressure of the drive component (85) are provided at both ends of the two reinforcing rods (821). The drive component (85) includes a motor (851), which is fixed on the inner wall of the loading box (1). The output shaft of the motor (851) is fixedly connected to a cam (852). The outer surface of the cam (852) is provided with two protrusions, and the two protrusions are symmetrical about the central axis of the cam (852). Both ends of the reinforcing rod (821) are fixedly connected to positioning shafts (822). The inner walls on both sides of the loading box (1) are provided with sliding grooves for sliding and limiting the two positioning shafts (822). The material shaking component (84) includes a fixed seat (841), which is fixed on a positioning shaft (822). A sleeve (842) is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning shaft (822). A telescopic rod (843) is slidably connected to the inner side of the sleeve (842). One end of the telescopic rod (843) extends to the outer side of the sleeve (842) and is fixedly connected to a pressure plate (844). A spring (845) is sleeved on the outer side of the telescopic rod (843). The two ends of the spring (845) are fixed to the pressure plate (844) and the sleeve (842) respectively. A fixing ring (846) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve (842). A connecting rod (847) is slidably connected to the outer side of the fixing ring (846).

2. The screw feeder according to claim 1, which can meet multiple usage requirements, is characterized in that, The pressure plate (844) presses against the protruding part of the cam (852) under the elastic force of the spring (845).

3. The screw feeder according to claim 1, which can meet multiple usage requirements, is characterized in that, The guide plate (83) is in an inverted V shape.

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