Electrical impedance monitoring device, system and method for nematode movement behavior

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electrical impedance monitoring device, system and method for nematode movement behavior, wherein: a microfluidic layer and a pneumatic channel layer are bonded to form a double-layer structure, and then tightly fixed to a circuit board with nylon screws. An electrode array with a concentric circle structure is provided on the circuit board for realizing electrical impedance tomography monitoring of nematodes; the microfluidic layer includes a culture monitoring chamber, a nematode transition channel, etc., for long-term culture and circulation monitoring of nematodes; the pneumatic channel layer includes a gas inlet, a gas passage, etc., for applying air pressure to squeeze the upper wall of the microfluidic layer to form a thin film valve, thereby closing the microfluidic layer channel. Through the above-mentioned monitoring device, the nematodes are controlled to circulate between the culture monitoring chamber and the nematode transition channel, and electrical impedance tomography monitoring and long-term culture of the nematodes are completed. The device and method have a simple structure and are easy to integrate, and can realize culture and non-optical real-time imaging monitoring of nematodes throughout their life cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of electrical impedance detection, and in particular relates to an electrical impedance monitoring device, system and method for nematode movement behavior. Background Art

[0002] Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive, non-optical imaging method. This method achieves electrical impedance tomography by surrounding a circle of electrodes around the object to be tested, selecting two adjacent electrodes in turn to inject excitation current, measuring the detection voltage on the remaining electrodes, and reconstructing the conductivity distribution image inside the object to be tested based on the scanning results. Electrical impedance tomography technology was initially widely used in the field of medical health to scan and image organs such as the human lungs. In recent years, with the deepening of research, more and more researchers have begun to explore smaller-scale electrical impedance tomography and have achieved monitoring of conductivity changes in tiny biological tissues such as cells.

[0003] As a common model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans is widely used in various life science studies due to its simple structure, ease of cultivation, and short life cycle. Research platforms for nematodes mainly include agar-based and microfluidic chips, among which microfluidic chips are gradually gaining favor among researchers due to their ease of operation and simple background environment. On the other hand, optical imaging methods are currently widely used to study the movement behavior of nematodes. The nematodes are continuously observed using high-precision microscopes, and neural network algorithms are used to extract the parameters of the nematode's movement behavior. However, high-precision microscopes have complex structures, high costs, and large amounts of image data, making real-time monitoring difficult. Furthermore, relevant studies have shown that visible light itself can affect the lifespan of nematodes, which makes it impossible to monitor nematodes using optical imaging in their natural growth environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrical impedance monitoring device, system and method for nematode movement behavior to solve the technical problems of inconvenient operation and optical influence in existing nematode detection, provide a new device and method for nematode imaging, and expand the application of electrical impedance tomography technology in the field of biological detection.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] An electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior includes a circuit board, a microfluidic layer, and a pneumatic channel layer; the microfluidic layer and the pneumatic channel layer form a double-layer structure fixed on the circuit board;

[0007] The circuit board serves as the base of the device and is used to support the double-layer structure formed by bonding the microfluidic channel layer and the pneumatic channel layer; an electrode array is provided on the circuit board to achieve current excitation and electrical impedance monitoring;

[0008] The microfluidic layer includes a fluid inlet, a food loading channel inlet, a nematode loading channel, a culture monitoring chamber, a nematode transition channel, a food loading channel, an impurity discharge channel, and a fluid outlet, wherein the fluid inlet, the nematode loading channel, the culture monitoring chamber, the impurity discharge channel, and the fluid outlet are connected in sequence;

[0009] The pneumatic channel layer includes a fluid inlet, a food loading channel inlet, a first gas inlet, a second gas inlet, a third gas inlet, a fourth gas inlet, a first film valve, a second film valve, a third film valve, a fourth film valve, a fifth film valve, a sixth film valve, and a fluid outlet; wherein the first gas inlet, the second gas inlet, the third gas inlet, and the fourth gas inlet are used to provide air pressure to the first film valve, the second film valve, the third film valve, the fourth film valve, the fifth film valve, and the sixth film valve. When the air pressure increases, the film valves squeeze the upper wall of the microfluidic channel layer to achieve opening and closing control of the nematode transition channel, etc.;

[0010] The food loading channel is connected to the culture monitoring chamber, and the opening and closing of the channel is controlled by the second membrane valve; the nematode transition channel is set at the outlet of the culture monitoring chamber and returns to the culture monitoring chamber. Under the control of the fluid and the third membrane valve, the fourth membrane valve, the fifth membrane valve, and the sixth membrane valve, the nematodes enter the nematode transition channel from the culture monitoring chamber and then return to the culture monitoring chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the micro-channel layer and the pneumatic channel layer are both made of polydimethylsiloxane by reverse molding, and a double-layer structure is formed by bonding. The double-layer structure is then fixed to the circuit board by nylon screws.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrode array includes a total of 32 gold-plated electrode probes, which are electrically interconnected with the pads on the back of the circuit board by welding. The height of all probes exposed to the circuit board is kept consistent, and then epoxy resin is used to encapsulate the pads on the front of the circuit board in the solder holes; the electrode array is arranged in an inner and outer concentric circle structure, with 16 electrodes distributed in the inner and outer circles respectively. The outer circle electrodes are used to scan and image the culture monitoring chamber, and the inner circle electrodes are used to scan and image its central area.

[0013] Furthermore, the culture monitoring chamber is circular, with its center located directly above the center of the electrode array and its radius larger than the outer radius of the electrode array. After the monitoring device is installed, the electrode array is located inside the culture monitoring chamber.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a system of an electrical impedance monitoring device based on nematode movement behavior, comprising a multiplexing module, an FPGA control module, an electrical impedance detection module, an acquisition and imaging module, an image analysis and processing module, and a display module, wherein the multiplexing module is connected to the electrode array on the circuit board, and different electrodes are selected as excitation and response electrodes for electrical impedance tomography through the control signal generated by the FPGA control module; the electrical impedance module is used to generate an excitation signal for electrical impedance tomography and to collect the response voltage on the response electrode; the acquisition and imaging module is used to read the detection results of the electrical impedance detection module and reconstruct the electrical impedance image of the nematode based on the detection results; the image analysis and processing module is used to process the electrical impedance image of the nematode, compensate for the imaging accuracy of the central area of the electrical impedance image based on the imaging results of the inner circle electrodes of the electrode array, and calculate the movement behavior parameters such as the movement speed of the nematode; the display module is used to display the calculation results of the image processing module to realize real-time monitoring of the nematode movement behavior.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for an electrical impedance monitoring system based on nematode movement behavior, comprising the following steps: the nematodes enter the culture monitoring chamber through the fluid inlet and the nematode loading channel, and enter the nematode transition channel under the control of a film valve; the culture monitoring chamber is cleaned through the fluid inlet and the nematode loading channel; the empty measurement of the culture monitoring chamber is completed through an FPGA control module, a multiplexer module, and an electrical impedance detection module; the nematodes enter the culture monitoring chamber and repeatedly perform electrical impedance tomography scanning; the acquisition imaging module records the scanning results and generates an electrical impedance image of the nematode in real time according to the scanning results; the image analysis and processing module calculates the nematode movement behavior parameters based on the continuous nematode electrical impedance images, and realizes real-time display through the display module.

[0016] The electrical impedance monitoring device, system, and method for nematode movement behavior of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0017] (1) Unlike traditional nematode microscopy methods, this device uses electrical impedance tomography (EIT) technology to eliminate the effects of light on parameters such as nematode lifespan during imaging. The electrode array is designed as a concentric circle structure, and the inner circle electrodes compensate for the poor imaging accuracy of the center of the region caused by EIT technology.

[0018] (2) The amount of electrical impedance image data is small, which facilitates further analysis and processing, and enables real-time analysis and display of nematode movement behavior parameters;

[0019] (3) Manipulating nematodes in microchannels through fluids and membrane valves avoids errors caused by traditional manual manipulation methods;

[0020] (4) Gold-plated probes are used as electrodes to reduce the contact impedance between the probes and the solution. At the same time, biocompatible epoxy resin glue is used to seal the probes and the pads and solder holes on the circuit board, avoiding direct contact between biotoxic substances such as solder and copper and the solution in the nematode culture chamber, thereby not affecting the survival of the nematodes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a nematode movement behavior monitoring device according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the circuit board and electrode array of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the microfluidic layer of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the gas channel layer of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the combination of the microfluidic channel layer and the pneumatic channel layer of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view;

[0027] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the method for monitoring nematode movement behavior in the present invention;

[0028] Explanation of the marks in the figure: 1. Circuit board; 2. Microfluidic channel layer; 3. Pneumatic channel layer; 4. Fluid inlet; 5. Food loading channel inlet; 6. First gas inlet; 7. Second gas inlet; 8. Fluid outlet; 9. Third gas inlet; 10. Fourth gas inlet; 11. Screw hole; 101. Electrode array; 201. Nematode loading channel; 202. Food loading channel; 203. Nematode transition channel; 204. Impurity discharge channel; 205. Culture monitoring chamber; 301. First membrane valve; 302. Second membrane valve; 303. Third membrane valve; 304. Fourth membrane valve; 305. Fifth membrane valve; 306. Sixth membrane valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the electrical impedance monitoring device, system and method for nematode movement behavior of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] See Figure 1 、 Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the electrical impedance monitoring device, system and method for nematode movement behavior provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention provides an electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior, comprising: a circuit board 1, a microfluidic layer 2, and a pneumatic channel layer 3, wherein:

[0032] The circuit board 1 is a substrate and is a printed circuit board made of FR-4 board material, which is used to support a double-layer structure formed by bonding the microchannel layer 2 and the pneumatic channel layer 3.

[0033] The circuit board 1 is provided with two inner and outer circles of through holes in a concentric circle structure, with 16 holes in each circle, for connecting the electrode array 101; the radius of the inner circle is half of the radius of the outer circle, which is used to improve the imaging accuracy of the center of the area in electrical impedance tomography.

[0034] The electrodes used in the electrode array 101 are 32 gold-plated probes, which are connected to the circuit board 1 by welding, and the height of each probe exposed from the circuit board 1 is kept consistent; the welding points of the probes are set on the back of the circuit board 1, and are sealed with epoxy resin glue in the solder pads and solder holes on the front of the circuit board 1.

[0035] The materials of the microfluidic layer 2 and the pneumatic channel layer 3 are both polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and are made by curing the mold on a mold containing the microstructures of the microfluidic layer 2 and the pneumatic channel layer 3, wherein the mold used is a positive mold, which can be obtained by using SU-8 photoresist on a silicon wafer, etching the silicon wafer, 3D printing the microstructure, etc.

[0036] The PDMS structure after the microfluidic layer 2 and the pneumatic channel layer 3 are molded is surface-modified by oxygen plasma, and then the upper surface of the microfluidic layer 2 and the lower surface of the pneumatic channel layer 3 are aligned and pressed to achieve high-strength bonding. During the alignment process, it should be ensured that the gas passage in the pneumatic channel layer 3 is located directly above the corresponding channel in the microfluidic layer 2.

[0037] The circuit board 1, the microfluidic layer 2 and the pneumatic channel layer 3 include four screw holes 11 for screwing in nylon screws to tightly fix the double-layer structure after the microfluidic layer 2 and the pneumatic channel layer 3 are bonded to the circuit board 1.

[0038] The microfluidic layer 2 is used for culturing and monitoring nematodes, and includes a fluid inlet 4, a food loading channel inlet 5, a nematode loading channel 201, a culture monitoring chamber 205, a nematode transition channel 203, a food loading channel 202, an impurity discharge channel 204 and a fluid outlet 8.

[0039] The center of the culture monitoring chamber 205 is set directly above the electrode array 101, and the radius of the culture monitoring chamber 205 is slightly larger than the outer radius of the electrode array 101. The height of the culture monitoring chamber 205 is greater than the height of the electrode array 101 exposed from the circuit board 1. After the device is installed, the electrode array 101 should be located inside the culture monitoring chamber 205.

[0040] The fluid inlet 4, the nematode loading channel 201, the culture monitoring chamber 205, and the fluid outlet 8 are connected in sequence for loading nematodes and discharging impurities.

[0041] The nematode transition channel 203 is set at the exit of the culture monitoring chamber 205 and returns to the culture monitoring chamber 205. The nematodes can enter the nematode transition channel 203 from the culture monitoring chamber 205 under the control of the third membrane valve 303, the fourth membrane valve 304, the fifth membrane valve 305, and the sixth membrane valve 306, and then return to the culture monitoring chamber 205.

[0042] The food loading channel 202 is connected to the culture monitoring chamber 205 , and the opening and closing of the channel is controlled by the second film valve 302 to provide food for the nematodes in the culture monitoring chamber 205 .

[0043] The pneumatic channel layer 3 includes a fluid inlet 4, a food loading channel inlet 5, a first gas inlet 6, a second gas inlet 7, a third gas inlet 9, a fourth gas inlet 10, a first membrane valve 301, a second membrane valve 302, a third membrane valve 303, a fourth membrane valve 304, a fifth membrane valve 305, a sixth membrane valve 306, and a fluid outlet 8. The first gas inlet 6, the second gas inlet 7, the third gas inlet 9, and the fourth gas inlet 10 are used to provide air pressure to the first membrane valve 301, the second membrane valve 302, the third membrane valve 303, the fourth membrane valve 304, the fifth membrane valve 305, and the sixth membrane valve 306. When the air pressure increases, the membrane valves squeeze the upper wall of the microfluidic channel layer 2, thereby achieving opening and closing control of the nematode transition channel 203 and the like.

[0044] The present invention provides an electrical impedance monitoring system for nematode movement behavior, comprising a multiplexer module, an FPGA control module, an electrical impedance detection module, an acquisition and imaging module, an image analysis and processing module, and a display module.

[0045] The multiplexing module is connected to the electrode array 101 on the circuit board 1 and selects different electrodes as excitation and response electrodes for electrical impedance tomography through the control signal generated by the FPGA control module.

[0046] The electrical impedance detection module is used to generate an excitation signal for electrical impedance tomography and collect the response voltage on the response electrode.

[0047] The acquisition imaging module is used to read the detection results of the electrical impedance detection module and reconstruct the electrical impedance image of the nematode based on the detection results.

[0048] The image analysis and processing module is used to process the electrical impedance image of the nematode and calculate the movement behavior parameters such as the movement speed of the nematode.

[0049] The display module is used to display the calculation results of the image processing module to achieve real-time monitoring of the nematode movement behavior.

[0050] The present invention provides an electrical impedance monitoring method for nematode movement behavior, and the workflow thereof is described below using a specific implementation case.

[0051] By applying pressure to the first gas inlet 6 and the second gas inlet 7, the second film valve 302, the third film valve 303, and the fourth film valve 304 are closed; the first film valve 301, the fifth film valve 305, and the sixth film valve 306 are kept open for loading nematode samples and culture fluid.

[0052] The nematode sample and culture fluid are introduced through the fluid inlet 4 and arrive at the culture monitoring chamber 205 through the nematode loading channel 201 . The nematodes stay in the culture monitoring chamber 205 for culture.

[0053] By closing the pressure of the first gas inlet 6 , the second membrane valve 302 is opened for loading the nematode food.

[0054] The culture solution containing E. coli is introduced through the food loading channel inlet 5 and enters the culture monitoring chamber 205 through the food loading channel 202 to ensure the normal growth and development of the nematodes in the culture monitoring chamber.

[0055] Before electrical impedance tomography (EIT) scanning begins, the second and fifth membrane valves 302 and 305 are closed, while the first, third, fourth, and sixth membrane valves 301, 303, 304, and 306 are opened. Fluid is continuously introduced through the fluid inlet 4 to allow the nematodes to enter the nematode transition channel 203.

[0056] After the nematodes reach the nematode transition channel 203, the third and fourth membrane valves 303 and 304 are closed to keep the nematodes in the nematode transition channel 203; the fifth membrane valve 305 is opened, and fluid is continuously introduced through the fluid inlet 4 to clean the nematode culture monitoring chamber, and the waste liquid generated is discharged through the fluid outlet 8.

[0057] After the nematode culture monitoring chamber 205 is cleaned, it is tested using the outer and inner electrodes of the electrode array 101 to obtain electrical impedance tomography results indicating that the chamber does not contain nematodes.

[0058] After the air test is completed, the third and fourth film valves 303 and 304 are opened, the fifth film valve 305 is closed, and fluid is continuously introduced through the fluid inlet 4 to allow the nematodes to re-enter the culture monitoring chamber 205.

[0059] After the nematodes enter the culture monitoring chamber 205, the first membrane valve 301 and the sixth membrane valve 306 are closed, and the culture monitoring chamber 205 is repeatedly subjected to electrical impedance tomography scanning through the outer and inner ring electrodes of the electrode array 101, and each scanning result is read into the acquisition imaging module.

[0060] After completing a round of nematode scanning, the second membrane valve 302 is opened, and the culture solution containing E. coli is introduced into the culture monitoring chamber 205 through the food loading channel inlet 5 to continue culturing the nematodes and wait for the next measurement to begin.

[0061] The impedance scanning results of the culture monitoring chamber are read into the acquisition imaging module through the impedance detection module, and differential imaging is performed with the blank measurement results in the acquisition imaging module. The imaging results of the outer circle electrodes of the electrode array 101 reflect the impedance image of the change in conductivity in the culture monitoring chamber before and after the nematodes are loaded. The imaging results of the inner circle electrodes of the electrode array 101 are used to obtain the impedance image of the central area of the culture monitoring chamber.

[0062] The image analysis and processing module reads the electrical impedance images of the outer and inner ring electrodes generated by the acquisition imaging module, and improves the imaging accuracy of the central area of the culture monitoring chamber through the imaging results of the inner ring electrode, and then further processes the image to calculate the movement behavior parameters of the nematode.

[0063] The display module is used to display the nematode movement behavior parameter calculation results of the image analysis and processing module in real time.

[0064] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are intended to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior, characterized in that: It comprises a circuit board (1), a microfluidic channel layer (2), and a pneumatic channel layer (3); the microfluidic channel layer (2) and the pneumatic channel layer (3) form a double-layer structure, which is fixed on the circuit board (1); The circuit board (1) serves as a substrate of the device, and is used to support a double-layer structure formed by bonding the microchannel layer (2) and the pneumatic channel layer (3); an electrode array (101) is provided on the circuit board (1) for realizing current excitation and electrical impedance monitoring; The microfluidic layer (2) comprises a fluid inlet (4), a food loading channel inlet (5), a nematode loading channel (201), a culture monitoring chamber (205), a nematode transition channel (203), a food loading channel (202), an impurity discharge channel (204) and a fluid outlet (8), wherein the fluid inlet (4), the nematode loading channel (201), the culture monitoring chamber (205), the impurity discharge channel (204) and the fluid outlet (8) are connected in sequence; The pneumatic channel layer (3) comprises a fluid inlet (4), a food loading channel inlet (5), a first gas inlet (6), a second gas inlet (7), a third gas inlet (9), a fourth gas inlet (10), a first film valve (301), a second film valve (302), a third film valve (303), a fourth film valve (304), a fifth film valve (305), a sixth film valve (306), and a fluid outlet (8); wherein the first gas inlet (6), the second gas inlet (7), the third gas inlet (9), and the fourth gas inlet (10) are used to provide air pressure to the first film valve (301), the second film valve (302), the third film valve (303), the fourth film valve (304), the fifth film valve (305), and the sixth film valve (306); when the air pressure increases, the film valves squeeze the upper wall of the microfluidic layer (2), thereby realizing the opening and closing control of the channels of the microfluidic layer (2); The food loading channel (202) is connected to the culture monitoring chamber (205), and the opening and closing of the channel is controlled by the second film valve (302); the nematode transition channel (203) is set at the outlet of the culture monitoring chamber (205) and returns to the culture monitoring chamber (205). Under the control of the fluid and the third film valve (303), the fourth film valve (304), the fifth film valve (305), and the sixth film valve (306), the nematodes enter the nematode transition channel (203) from the culture monitoring chamber (205) and then return to the culture monitoring chamber (205).

2. The electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microchannel layer (2) and the pneumatic channel layer (3) are both made of polydimethylsiloxane by reverse molding, and a double-layer structure is formed by bonding. The double-layer structure is then fixed to the circuit board (1) by nylon screws.

3. The electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode array (101) comprises a total of 32 gold-plated electrode probes, which are electrically interconnected with the pads on the back of the circuit board (1) by welding. The height of all probes exposed from the circuit board (1) is kept consistent, and epoxy resin is then used to encapsulate the pads on the front of the circuit board (1) in the welding holes. The electrode array (101) is arranged in an inner and outer concentric circle structure, with 16 electrodes distributed in the inner and outer circles respectively. The outer circle electrodes are used to scan and image the culture monitoring chamber (205), and the inner circle electrodes are used to scan and image its central area.

4. The electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior according to claim 3, characterized in that: The culture monitoring chamber (205) is circular, with its center located directly above the center of the electrode array (101), and its radius is larger than the outer radius of the electrode array (101). After the monitoring device is installed, the electrode array (101) is located inside the culture monitoring chamber.

5. An electrical impedance monitoring system for nematode movement behavior, comprising an electrical impedance monitoring device for nematode movement behavior according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The system further comprises a multiplexer module, an FPGA control module, an impedance detection module, an acquisition and imaging module, an image analysis and processing module, and a display module, wherein the multiplexer module is connected to the electrode array (101) on the circuit board (1), and different electrodes are selected as excitation and response electrodes for impedance tomography through the control signal generated by the FPGA control module; the impedance detection module is used to generate an excitation signal for impedance tomography and to acquire a response voltage on the response electrode; the acquisition and imaging module is used to read the detection result of the impedance detection module and to reconstruct the impedance image of the nematode according to the detection result; the image analysis and processing module is used to process the impedance image of the nematode, compensate the imaging accuracy of the central area of the impedance image according to the imaging result of the inner circle electrode of the electrode array (101), and calculate the movement speed and motion behavior parameters of the nematode; and the display module is used to display the calculation result of the image analysis and processing module, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the movement behavior of the nematode.

6. A method for monitoring nematode movement behavior by electrical impedance, used in the system for monitoring nematode movement behavior by electrical impedance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The nematodes enter the culture monitoring chamber (205) through the fluid inlet (4) and the nematode loading channel (201), and enter the nematode transition channel (203) under the control of the film valve; the culture monitoring chamber (205) is cleaned through the fluid inlet (4) and the nematode loading channel (201); the empty measurement of the culture monitoring chamber (205) is completed through the FPGA control module, the multiplexing module, and the electrical impedance detection module; the nematodes enter the culture monitoring chamber (205), and the electrical impedance tomography is repeatedly performed; the acquisition imaging module records the scanning results and generates the electrical impedance image of the nematode in real time according to the scanning results; the image analysis and processing module calculates the nematode movement behavior parameters based on the continuous nematode electrical impedance images, and realizes real-time display through the display module.

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