A device for preventing deformation and a method for controlling deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components

Abstract

This invention provides a deformation prevention device and deformation control method for large-size plate-shaped aluminum components, including a base frame and a clamping part. Support parts are provided on the base frame, with the top surfaces of all support parts overlapping on a single plane and used to abut against the bottom surface of the workpiece. Multiple connecting bolts are provided on the frame sidewalls, with the upper parts of the connecting bolts engaging with the screw holes of the clamping part. A stop is provided on the first frame sidewall of the base frame, with its inner sidewall contacting the workpiece. Multiple mounting holes are provided on the clamping part, each housing an adjustable clamping rod, the lower end of which abuts against the deformation area of ​​the plate-shaped workpiece. The method includes placing the plate-shaped aluminum component on the top surface of the support part; placing the clamping part on the thickened portion at the top of the plate-shaped aluminum component and tightening the connecting bolts; and tightening the clamping rod according to the deformation control amount. This invention can effectively suppress heat treatment deformation and quenching deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components, avoiding scrapping of components due to deformation and cracking, and improving product yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deformation control technology for heat treatment of metallic materials, specifically relating to a deformation prevention device and deformation control method for large-size plate-shaped aluminum components. Background Technology

[0002] As weaponry (high-end) equipment develops towards integration and lightweight design, the dimensions, wall thickness differences, and structural complexity of precision components in various weaponry (high-end) equipment are increasing. This not only increases the difficulty of forming these components but also reduces their rigidity, making them highly susceptible to deformation during heat treatment. In severe cases, this can even directly lead to component deformation and cracking, resulting in scrapping. Taking large-size plate-shaped thin-walled aluminum precision components (referred to as large-size plate-shaped aluminum components) as an example, their outline dimensions exceed 2000mm, their thickness dimension does not exceed 150mm, their main wall thickness is only 6-10mm, and the maximum wall thickness difference exceeds 100mm. During the heating and cooling processes of heat treatment, the critical parts (main skeleton) of these large-size plate-shaped aluminum components are prone to deformation, and stress concentration easily forms at the thickness-thinning interface, leading to warping deformation, interface cracking, and even component scrapping.

[0003] Currently, to suppress deformation of large and complex components during heat treatment heating and cooling processes, two common methods are reinforced structural design and anti-deformation tooling. However, reinforced structural design involves adding stiffeners and other structures, making it difficult to guarantee the lightweight requirements of large-size plate aluminum components. Therefore, using anti-deformation tooling is currently the better option for suppressing deformation of large-size plate aluminum components.

[0004] Most existing anti-deformation tooling uses anti-deformation clamps, such as the anti-deformation device for heat treatment of thin-walled annular parts described in document CN106967875B. This device has at least three radially positioned mechanisms evenly distributed along the circumference. Each radially positioned mechanism includes at least one radial through hole, a positioning block, a positioning connector, and a positioning adjustment component, all mounted on the annular clamp. The positioning block is an arc-shaped strip with an outer wall curvature matching the inner wall curvature of the annular clamp, an inner wall curvature matching the outer wall curvature of the thin-walled annular part, and an axial width corresponding to the axial width of the thin-walled annular part. While this device can control the deformation of thin-walled annular parts within a specified range during heat treatment, it is only suitable for thin-walled annular parts and cannot be used to control the deformation of the aforementioned large-size plate-shaped aluminum components. More importantly, controlling the deformation of the aforementioned large-size plate-shaped aluminum components to within 0.8 mm has always been a technical challenge in the processing of such products. To enable mass production of these precision components, it is urgent to solve this technical problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, and to provide a large-size plate-shaped aluminum component anti-deformation device and deformation control method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the technical solution described below.

[0007] A large-size plate-shaped aluminum component anti-deformation device includes a base frame and a clamping part. Support parts are provided on the base frame, with the top surfaces of all supports overlapping on plane one and used to abut against the bottom surface of the workpiece. Multiple connecting bolts are provided on the frame side, with the upper part of the connecting bolts engaging with the screw holes of the clamping part. A stop is provided on the first frame side of the base frame, with the inner wall of the stop contacting the workpiece. Multiple mounting holes are provided on the clamping part, each housing an adjustable clamping rod, the lower end of which abuts against the deformation area of ​​the plate-shaped workpiece. The clamping part employs multiple spaced-apart strip components, with the bottom surfaces of all strip components overlapping on plane three.

[0008] Preferably, the top surface of each clamping rod coincides with plane two, and plane one, plane two, and plane three are parallel to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the base frame adopts a frame with multiple hollow sections.

[0010] Furthermore, the first clamping part is located close to the stop, and the second clamping part is located directly above the second frame on the opposite side of the stop. The clamping part, the base frame, and the stop together form a first space for accommodating the plate-shaped workpiece.

[0011] A method for controlling the deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components using the aforementioned anti-deformation device, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Step 11: Place the plate-shaped aluminum component on the top surface of the support;

[0013] Step 12: Place the clamping part on the thickened part at the top of the plate aluminum component and tighten the connecting bolts;

[0014] Step 13: Tighten the clamping rod according to the deformation control amount.

[0015] To more precisely control the deformation of large-size plate aluminum components, a housing and a cover are also included. The inner cavity of the housing is used to accommodate the overall structure consisting of a base frame, a clamping part, a baffle, a plate workpiece, and high-temperature resistant rigid filler particles. A first slope is provided on the inner side wall of the housing, and a second slope matching the first slope is provided on the outer side wall of the baffle and the outer side wall of the second clamping part. The bottom surface of the housing and the bottom surface of the cover are both flat. When the overall structure is installed in the housing and the cover is closed, there is a gap between the bottom surface of the housing and the bottom surface of the base frame, and the bottom surface of the cover coincides with the top surface of the clamping part. Multiple through holes are provided on the housing, each through hole is fitted with a threaded plug, and the axis of the through hole is parallel to the clamping part.

[0016] Furthermore, at least four through holes are provided between any two adjacent strip components, and two opposing through holes are provided on each side of the plate-shaped workpiece. This design allows for more convenient and efficient replenishment and discharge of the high-temperature resistant rigid filler granular material within the box cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the high-temperature resistant rigid filler particle material is alloy steel sand with a particle size of no more than 1 mm.

[0018] A method for controlling the deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components using the aforementioned anti-deformation device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 21: Place the plate-shaped aluminum component on the top surface of the support.

[0020] Step 22: Place the clamping part on the thickened part at the top of the plate aluminum component and tighten the connecting bolts;

[0021] Step 23: Tighten the clamping rod according to the deformation control amount.

[0022] Step 24: First, fill the flat box with some rigid filler granular material. At this time, the top of the rigid filler granular material is lower than the top surface of the support. Then, place the whole consisting of "base frame, pressing part, baffle and plate-shaped workpiece" on the top surface of the support. Then, continue to fill with some rigid filler granular material on top of the plate-shaped workpiece. Then, close the box lid.

[0023] Step 25: Place the box upright and pour rigid filler granular material into the inner cavity of the box through the through hole on the side wall of the box until the rigid filler granular material tightly fills the inner cavity of the box, and then cover it with the threaded plug.

[0024] Preferably, the plate-shaped aluminum components are heat-treated and / or quenched by placing the box vertically.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The solution of this invention can effectively suppress heat treatment deformation and quenching deformation of plate-shaped aluminum components with contour dimensions of 2412×2141mm×(6-10mm wall thickness), avoid scrapping of components due to deformation and cracking, and improve product yield. This invention adopts a combination of rigid structure and "flexible structure" to prevent deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components. It can not only control the deformation of each part of the large-size plate-shaped aluminum components within 0.8mm, which is conducive to the mass production of high-precision components, but also facilitates the smooth assembly and disassembly of plate-shaped workpieces. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 , Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the anti-deformation device for large-size plate-shaped aluminum components in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 3This is an exploded view of the anti-deformation device for large-size plate-shaped aluminum components in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the anti-deformation device for large-size plate aluminum components in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a perspective view (before the box is closed) of the anti-deformation device for large-size plate aluminum components in Example 2;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a perspective view (after the box is closed) of the anti-deformation device for large-size plate aluminum components in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the following description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the principles and core ideas of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, improvements made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a large-size plate-shaped aluminum component anti-deformation device includes a base frame 2 and a clamping part. Support parts 3 are provided on the base frame 2, with the top surfaces of all support parts 3 overlapping on plane one and used to abut against the bottom surface of the workpiece. Multiple connecting bolts 4 are provided on the frame side of the base frame 2, with the upper part of the connecting bolts 4 engaging with the screw holes of the clamping part. A stop part 6 is provided on the first frame side 5 of the base frame 2, with the inner sidewall of the stop part 6 contacting the plate-shaped workpiece 8. Multiple mounting holes are provided on the clamping part, each mounting hole housing an adjustable clamping rod 7. The lower end of the clamping rod 7 is used to press against the deformation area of ​​the plate-shaped workpiece 8. The clamping part uses multiple spaced strip-shaped components 1, with the bottom surfaces of all strip-shaped components overlapping on plane three. The top surface of each clamping rod 7 overlaps on plane two, and planes one, two, and three are parallel to each other. The base frame 2 is a frame with multiple perforated sections. The first pressing part 10 is located near the stop part 6, and the second pressing part 11 is located directly above the second frame on the opposite side of the stop part 6. The pressing part, the base frame 2 and the stop part 6 together form a first space for accommodating the plate-shaped workpiece 8.

[0034] In this embodiment, the base frame 2 is composed of multiple beams with specifications of 100×100×2512mm, multiple beams with specifications of 100×230×2512mm, and multiple beams with specifications of 100×100×2541mm. The horizontal and vertical beams are connected by welding, and each horizontal beam and vertical beam is equidistantly distributed.

[0035] A deformation control method for a large-size plate-shaped aluminum component (with outline dimensions of 2412mm×2141mm×130mm and a wall thickness of 6-10mm, wherein the wall thickness at the frame is 10mm and the wall thickness at the weight-reducing part is 6-7mm) employing the large-size plate-shaped aluminum component anti-deformation device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 11: First, lay the base frame 2 flat, and then place the plate aluminum component 8 on the top surface of the support part 3;

[0037] Step 12: Place the six clamping parts on the thickened part at the top of the plate aluminum component 8 and tighten the connecting bolts 4;

[0038] Step 13: Tighten the clamping rod 7 according to the deformation control amount. This deformation control amount can be obtained in advance by those skilled in the art using Abaqus simulation software.

[0039] Step 14: The entire assembly consisting of “base frame 2, clamping part, baffle 6, and plate-shaped workpiece 8” is hoisted into a heat treatment furnace and / or pool to perform heat treatment and / or quenching treatment on the plate-shaped aluminum component 8.

[0040] Heat treatment and quenching process: After closing the heat treatment furnace door, turn on the power. The heat treatment furnace is heated to 538±5℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min. During the process, the temperature is held at 400℃ for 1 hour before the temperature is increased again to ensure uniform heat transfer. After reaching the solution temperature (538±5℃), the temperature is held for 14 hours. Then, water quenching is performed (water temperature ≥60℃). The entire transfer time does not exceed 20 seconds. After the component has completely cooled to room temperature, the casting is taken out and subjected to aging treatment at a temperature of 155±5℃ for 8 hours.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, a large-size plate-shaped aluminum component anti-deformation device includes a base frame 2 and a clamping part. Support parts 3 are provided on the base frame 2, with the top surfaces of all support parts 3 overlapping on plane one and used to abut against the bottom surface of the workpiece. Multiple connecting bolts 4 are provided on the frame side of the base frame 2, with the upper part of the connecting bolts 4 engaging with the screw holes of the clamping part. A stop part 6 is provided on the first frame side 5 of the base frame 2, with the inner sidewall of the stop part 6 contacting the plate-shaped workpiece 8. Multiple mounting holes are provided on the clamping part, each mounting hole housing an adjustable clamping rod 7. The lower end of the clamping rod 7 is used to press against the deformation area of ​​the plate-shaped workpiece 8. The clamping part uses multiple spaced strip-shaped components 1, with the bottom surfaces of all strip-shaped components overlapping on plane three. The top surface of each clamping rod 7 overlaps on plane two, and planes one, two, and three are parallel to each other. The base frame 2 is a frame with multiple perforated sections. The first pressing part 10 is located near the stop part 6, and the second pressing part 11 is located directly above the second frame on the opposite side of the stop part 6. The pressing part, the base frame 2 and the stop part 6 together form a first space for accommodating the plate-shaped workpiece 8.

[0043] In this embodiment, a box body 21 and a box cover 22 are also included. The box cover 22 can be fixed to the top of the box body 21 by fasteners 25. The inner cavity of the box body 21 is used to accommodate the integral structure composed of "base frame 2, pressing part, baffle 6, plate-shaped workpiece 8 and high-temperature resistant rigid filling granular material". A first slope 23 is provided on the inner side wall of the box body 21. A second slope 9 matching the first slope 23 is provided on the outer side wall of the baffle 6 and the outer side wall of the second pressing part 11. The bottom surface of the box body 21 and the bottom surface of the box cover 22 are both flat. When the integral structure is installed in the box body 21 and the box cover 22 is closed, there is a gap between the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the box body 21 and the bottom surface of the base frame 2. At this gap and on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the box body 21, a plurality of spaced support columns 26 are provided to support the base frame 2. The bottom surface of the box cover 22 coincides with the top surface of the pressing part. Multiple through holes are provided on the box body 21, each fitted with a plug 24. The axis of the through holes is parallel to the pressing part. Four through holes are provided between any two adjacent strip components 1, and two opposing through holes are provided on each side of the plate-shaped workpiece 8 (on the same side wall of the box body 21 and between two adjacent strip components 1, one through hole is provided on the upper side and one on the lower side of the plate-shaped workpiece 8; the through hole on the upper side of the plate-shaped workpiece 8 is used for filling and discharging the high-temperature resistant rigid filler granular material above the plate-shaped workpiece 8; the high-temperature resistant rigid filler granular material is alloy steel sand with a particle size not exceeding 1mm; the through hole on the lower side of the plate-shaped workpiece 8 is used for filling and discharging the high-temperature resistant rigid filler granular material below the plate-shaped workpiece 8). In this embodiment, lifting lugs 27 are provided on the side wall of the box body 21 where no through holes are provided, and lifting lugs 27 are also provided on the top surface of the box cover 22.

[0044] A deformation control method for a large-size plate-shaped aluminum component (with outline dimensions of 2412mm×2141mm×130mm and a wall thickness of 6-10mm, wherein the wall thickness at the frame is 10mm and the wall thickness at the weight-reducing part is 6-7mm) employing the large-size plate-shaped aluminum component anti-deformation device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 21: First, lay the base frame 2 flat, and then place the plate aluminum component 8 on the top surface of the support part 3;

[0046] Step 22: Place the clamping part on the thickened part at the top of the plate aluminum component 8 and tighten the connecting bolt 4;

[0047] Step 23: Tighten the clamping rod 7 according to the deformation control amount. This deformation control amount can be obtained in advance by those skilled in the art using Abaqus simulation software.

[0048] Step 24: First, fill the flat box 21 with some rigid filler granular material. At this time, the top of the rigid filler granular material is lower than the top surface of the support part 3. Then, place the whole consisting of "base frame 2, pressing part, baffle 6, plate-shaped workpiece 8" on the top surface of the support part 3. Then, continue to fill the box with some rigid filler granular material above the plate-shaped workpiece 8. Then, close the box cover 22.

[0049] Step 25: Place the box 21 upright (at this time, the first side wall 28 of the box is facing down), and pour rigid filling granular material into the inner cavity of the box 21 through the through hole of the second side wall of the box 21 until the rigid filling granular material tightly fills the inner cavity of the box 21 (when filling the rigid granular material, vibrate for 1-2 minutes every 1kg of filling, with a vibration frequency of 8-20HZ, in order to eliminate the pores in the inner cavity of the box 21 as much as possible), and then cover it with the threaded plug;

[0050] Step 26: The large-size plate aluminum component anti-deformation device (i.e., the whole consisting of "base frame 2, pressing part, baffle 6, plate workpiece 8, box 21, box cover 22, and rigid filling granular material") is hoisted into the heat treatment furnace and / or pool, and the plate aluminum component 8 is heat treated and / or quenched by placing the box 21 vertically.

[0051] Heat treatment and quenching process: After closing the heat treatment furnace door, turn on the power. The heat treatment furnace is heated to 538±5℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min. During the process, it is held at 400℃ for 1 hour before heating again to ensure uniform heat transfer. After reaching the solution temperature (538±5℃), it is held for 14 hours, followed by water quenching (water temperature ≥60℃). The entire transfer time should not exceed 20 seconds. After the component has completely cooled to room temperature, the casting is removed and subjected to aging treatment at 155±5℃ for 8 hours. After quenching, first remove the box cover 22, then pour out the rigid filler granular material above the plate-shaped workpiece 8, then remove the clamping part, then remove the plate-shaped workpiece 8, and then pour out the rigid filler granular material below the plate-shaped workpiece 8. After quenching, the screw plug 24 can also be removed first, then the rigid filler granular material in the box 21 can be poured out, and then the box cover 22, clamping part, and plate-shaped workpiece 8 can be removed in sequence.

[0052] Table 1 shows the deformation of the plate-shaped aluminum component 8 after the treatment in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0053] Table 1 shows the deformation of the large-size plate aluminum components after processing in the embodiments.

[0054]

[0055] The solution described in this embodiment can effectively suppress heat treatment deformation and quenching deformation of plate-shaped aluminum components with a profile size of 2412×2141mm×(6-10mm wall thickness), avoiding scrapping of components due to deformation and cracking, and improving product yield. This solution uses a combination of rigid structure and "flexible structure" to prevent deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components. In particular, the solution in Embodiment 2 cannot control the deformation of various parts of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components to within 0.8mm, which is beneficial for mass production of high-precision components and facilitates the smooth assembly and disassembly of plate-shaped workpieces.

Claims

1. A device for preventing deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components, comprising a base frame (2) and a clamping part, characterized in that: Support parts (3) are provided on the base frame (2), and the top surfaces of all support parts (3) coincide with the plane and are used to abut the bottom surface of the workpiece; multiple connecting bolts (4) are provided on the frame of the base frame (2), and the upper part of the connecting bolts (4) is fitted with the screw holes of the clamping part; a stop (6) is provided on the first frame (5) of the base frame (2), and the inner side wall of the stop (6) is in contact with the plate-shaped workpiece (8); multiple mounting holes are provided on the clamping part, and each mounting hole is fitted with a clamping part that can be adjusted up and down. The lower end of the clamping rod (7) is used to press against the deformation area of ​​the plate-shaped workpiece (8); wherein, the clamping part adopts multiple spaced strip components (1), and the bottom surface of all strip components coincides with plane three; the top surface of each clamping rod (7) coincides with plane two, and plane one, plane two, and plane three are parallel to each other; the base frame (2) adopts a frame with multiple hollow parts; the first clamping part (10) is set close to the stop (6), and the second clamping part (11) is located at the stop (6). Above the second frame directly opposite, a first space for accommodating the plate-shaped workpiece (8) is formed by the pressing part, the base frame (2), and the stop (6); it also includes a box body (21) and a box cover (22). The inner cavity of the box body (21) is used to accommodate the overall structure composed of "base frame (2), pressing part, stop (6), plate-shaped workpiece (8), and high-temperature resistant rigid filling granular material". A first slope (23) is provided on the inner wall of the box body (21), and a second slope (22) is provided on the outer wall of the stop (6). The outer side wall of the tight part (11) is provided with a second slope (9) that matches the first slope (23). The bottom surface of the box body (21) and the bottom surface of the box cover (22) are both flat. When the overall structure is installed into the box body (21) and the box cover (22) is closed, there is a gap between the bottom surface of the box body (21) and the bottom surface of the base frame (2). The bottom surface of the box cover (22) coincides with the top surface of the pressing part. Multiple through holes are provided on the box body (21). Each through hole is fitted with a plug (24). The axis of the through hole is parallel to the pressing part.

2. The anti-deformation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least four through holes are provided between any two adjacent strip components (1), and two through holes are provided on each side of the plate-shaped workpiece (8).

3. The anti-deformation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-temperature resistant rigid filler particle material is alloy steel sand with a particle size of no more than 1 mm.

4. A method for controlling the deformation of large-size plate-shaped aluminum components using the anti-deformation device described in claim 3, characterized in that the steps are as follows: include: Step 21: Place the plate-shaped workpiece (8) on the top surface of the support (3); Step 22: Place the clamping part on the thickened part at the top of the plate workpiece (8) and tighten the connecting bolt (4). Step 23, tighten the clamping rod (7) according to the deformation control amount; Step 24: First, fill the flat box (21) with some rigid filler granular material. At this time, the top of the rigid filler granular material is lower than the top surface of the support (3). Then, place the whole consisting of "base frame (2), pressing part, baffle (6), plate-shaped workpiece (8)" on the top surface of the support (3). Then, continue to fill the plate-shaped workpiece (8) with some rigid filler granular material. Then, close the box cover (22). Step 25: Place the box (21) upright and pour rigid filling granular material into the inner cavity of the box (21) through the through hole on the side wall of the box (21) until the rigid filling granular material tightly fills the inner cavity of the box (21), and then cover it with the thread plug.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plate-shaped aluminum components are heat-treated and / or quenched by placing the box (21) vertically.

Images