A shear-resistant retractable anchor rod

Abstract

The present invention discloses a shear-resistant retractable anchor rod, which relates to the technical field of anchor rods. The anchor rod comprises an anchor rod head, a retractable rod and an end link that are rotatably connected in sequence. The retractable rod is a structure that can be extended after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the retractable rod and the end link are both perpendicular to their own axes. Therefore, when the surrounding rock deformation produces a large shear force, relative rotation can be generated between the anchor rod head, the retractable rod and the end link to offset the influence of this shear force. When the surrounding rock deformation produces a large pulling force, the retractable rod can also adapt and extend to offset the influence of this pulling force, thereby effectively solving the problem that existing anchor rods cannot effectively prevent shear and tensile damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anchor rods, and in particular to a shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] Existing anchor rods are divided into anchoring sections and free sections. The anchoring section is located in stable rock or soil layers, and the free section is located in unstable rock or soil layers that may slide. During the deformation of the rock or soil layer, the free section transfers the load it bears to the anchoring section through tension, and the anchoring section then disperses the load to the surrounding rock or soil layers, thereby achieving reinforcement of the unstable rock or soil layer.

[0003] However, due to the changing geotechnical conditions within the rock mass where the anchor rods are located over time, the anchor rods are often not in an ideal tensile state, but rather in a combined stress state of tension, bending, and shear. Furthermore, potential fault damage in the surrounding rock and landslide damage in the slope can lead to shear failure of the anchor rods, causing them to break and fail before they can fully function. In deep rock environments, the surrounding rock is subject to large deformations. Due to their material and structure, traditional anchor rods are unable to adapt to surrounding rock deformation, making them susceptible to tensile, shear, and combined failure.

[0004] Therefore, based on the above background, in order to cope with the above problems in geotechnical engineering and better improve the support effect, it is urgent to improve the existing anchor rod structure to achieve shear resistance and large deformation resistance, effectively prevent shear and tensile failure of the anchor rod, and realize the function of the anchor rod cooperating with the surrounding rock deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a shear-resistant retractable anchor rod to solve the problem that the existing anchor rods cannot effectively prevent shear and tensile damage.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a shear-resistant retractable anchor rod, comprising an anchor rod head, a retractable rod and an end connecting rod that are rotated and connected in sequence. The retractable rod is an extendable structure after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the retractable rod and the end connecting rod are both perpendicular to their own axes.

[0007] In one embodiment, the telescopic rod includes multiple telescopic sections connected in sequence, adjacent telescopic sections are rotatably connected or fixedly connected, the multiple telescopic sections are all extendable structures after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the multiple telescopic sections are perpendicular to their own axes.

[0008] In one embodiment, among the multiple telescopic sections, at least two of the telescopic sections have different extendable structures.

[0009] In one embodiment, at least one of the telescopic sections is a spiral rod, which includes a spiral section and straight rod sections connected to both ends of the spiral section, and the straight rod sections are used to achieve fixed connection or rotational connection of the spiral rod.

[0010] In one embodiment, at least one section of the telescopic section includes a reducing sleeve, and a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod sleeved in the reducing sleeve; the inner diameter of the reducing sleeve decreases in the direction away from the anchor head; the first connecting rod extends from one end of the reducing sleeve adjacent to the anchor head; the second connecting rod extends from one end of the reducing sleeve away from the anchor head, and the second connecting rod is covered with an anti-pullout nut, which is arranged in the reducing sleeve, and the diameter of the anti-pullout nut is larger than the diameter of the smallest inner diameter of the reducing sleeve; and the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are both used to realize fixed connection or rotational connection of the telescopic section.

[0011] In one embodiment, the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod further includes a connecting piece, one end of the connecting piece is used to achieve a rotational connection, and the other opposite end of the connecting piece is used to achieve a fixed connection; among the anchor rod head, the telescopic rod and the end link, at least two are connected by the connecting piece.

[0012] In one embodiment, one end of the connecting member is provided with two oppositely arranged ear plates, and the two ear plates are used to clamp the anchor rod head, the telescopic rod or the end connecting rod to perform a pivot-type rotation connection; the other opposite end of the connecting member is provided with a pipe sleeve, and the pipe sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the pipe sleeve is used to be sleeved on the anchor rod head, the telescopic rod or the end connecting rod to perform a threaded connection.

[0013] In one embodiment, the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod further includes a plurality of rotating shafts, which respectively pass through the rotating connection between the anchor rod head and the telescopic rod, and the rotating connection between the telescopic rod and the end connecting rod; and both ends of the plurality of rotating shafts are provided with anti-slip ends, which are used to prevent the rotation connection between the anchor rod head and the telescopic rod, and the rotation connection between the telescopic rod and the end connecting rod from separating.

[0014] In one embodiment, among the rotational connections of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod, at least two of the rotation centers have different orientations.

[0015] In one embodiment, each rotation connection of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod is a universal joint rotation connection.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] Since the shear-resistant retractable anchor rod includes an anchor rod head, a retractable rod and an end link that are connected in rotation in sequence, and the rotation centers of the retractable rod and the end link are perpendicular to their own axes, when the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large shear force, relative rotation will be generated between the anchor rod head, the retractable rod and the end link to offset the influence of this shear force; and when the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large tensile force, since the retractable rod is an extendable structure after being subjected to tension, it can also adapt and extend to offset the influence of this tensile force, thereby effectively solving the problem that existing anchor rods cannot effectively prevent shear and tensile damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1-1 It is a structural diagram provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 1-2 yes Figure 1-1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0021] Figure 1-3 yes Figure 1-1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B;

[0022] Figure 1-4 yes Figure 1-1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C;

[0023] Figure 2-1 is a structural diagram provided by a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2-2 yes Figure 2-1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part D;

[0025] Figure 2-3 yes Figure 2-2 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part E;

[0026] Figure 3 is a structural diagram provided by the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is a structural diagram provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a structural diagram provided by the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6-1is a structural diagram provided by the sixth embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6-2 yes Figure 6-1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part F;

[0031] Figure 6-3 yes Figure 6-1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part G;

[0032] Figure 7 is a structural diagram provided by the seventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram provided by the eighth embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0035] 10. Anchor head; 11. Head connecting rod; 111. Head rod plate; 12. Head rubber washer; 13. Spherical slot tray; 14. Pre-tightening nut;

[0036] 20. Screw rod; 21. Screw segment; 22. Straight rod segment; 221. Screw rod lamellar body;

[0037] 30. End connecting rod; 31. End rod lamellar body;

[0038] 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Anti-slip end;

[0039] 50. Reduced diameter sleeve; 501. First constant diameter section; 502. Second constant diameter section; 503. Reduced diameter section; 51. First connecting rod; 52. Second connecting rod; 53. Connecting rod plate; 54. Pull-out nut;

[0040] 60. Connector; 61. Ear plate; 62. Pipe sleeve;

[0041] 70. Anti-sticking lines;

[0042] 80. Universal joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] In the prior art, anchor rods have a variety of problems, as follows:

[0045] First, during underground construction, when excavation or tunneling reaches a certain point, stress redistribution causes lateral pressure on the underground soil or rock, leading to lateral displacement. Traditional anchor rods, however, lack shear resistance and are unable to withstand the shear force of the soil or rock, resulting in shear failure and affecting the stability of the underground structure.

[0046] Second, soil landslide disasters are currently widespread and common geological disasters, and have received widespread attention. The currently commonly used anchor rods have insufficient expansion and contraction performance and shear resistance. During the occurrence of landslide disasters, traditional anchoring systems are difficult to coordinate large tensile and shear deformations, causing the anti-slip system to fail, thereby leading to structural instability and damage.

[0047] Third, although the currently commonly used threaded rods have high economy and effectiveness, they have poor ductility and insufficient expansion and contraction performance, making it difficult to achieve the effect of coordinated deformation of the surrounding rock. Especially in deep surrounding rock environments, large deformation of the surrounding rock is more common. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an anchor rod that can coordinate with the surrounding rock to produce large deformation.

[0048] Fourth, traditional anchor rods are unable to cope with the reciprocating motion generated during earthquake vibrations due to their insufficient expansion and contraction performance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an anchor rod that can achieve expansion and contraction deformation to cope with earthquake disasters and other surrounding rock deformations and prevent the anchoring system from failing.

[0049] Fifth, because the soil conditions within the rock mass where the anchor rods are located typically change over time, the anchor rods are often not in an ideal tensile state, but rather in a combined stress state of tension, bending, and shear. Furthermore, faults and cracks in the surrounding rock can cause shear failure in the anchor rods, leading to their breaking and failure before they can fully function. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a shear-resistant anchor rod capable of producing multiple deformation modes to cope with the constantly changing position and deformation conditions within the rock mass and prevent failure of the anchoring system.

[0050] Sixth, in the high-stress environment of deep surrounding rock, the interfacial bonding and mechanical friction bite forces between traditional threaded steel anchor rods and the surrounding grouting bodies gradually become insufficient, resulting in interfacial debonding failure. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an anchor rod that can effectively increase the interface strength between the rod body and the grouting body to prevent anchor rod debonding failure.

[0051] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a shear-resistant retractable anchor rod, the core of which is that it includes an anchor rod head, a telescopic rod and an end connecting rod that are rotated and connected in sequence. The telescopic rod is an extendable structure after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the telescopic rod and the end connecting rod are both perpendicular to their own axes.

[0052] Therefore, when the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large shear force, relative rotation will occur between the anchor head, the telescopic rod and the end connecting rod to offset the impact of this shear force; and when the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large tensile force, the telescopic rod can also adapt and stretch to offset the impact of this tensile force, thereby effectively solving the problem that existing anchors cannot effectively prevent shear and tensile damage.

[0053] To better illustrate the above solution, multiple embodiments will be described below. Example

[0054] The first embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1-1 to 1-4 As shown, a spiral rod 20 is used as a telescopic rod. At this time, the lower end of the anchor head 10 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the spiral rod 20 , and the lower end of the spiral rod 20 is rotatably connected to the terminal connecting rod 30 .

[0055] Regarding the anchor head 10, Figure 1-2 and Figure 1-3 As shown, the anchor head 10 of this embodiment includes a head connecting rod 11, a head rubber gasket 12, a spherical slot tray 13 and a pre-tightening nut 14. The head connecting rod 11 passes through the head rubber gasket 12 and the spherical slot tray 13 in sequence and is threadedly connected with the pre-tightening nut 14; so when installing the anchor head 10, the head rubber gasket 12 can be placed in the shallow part of the rock borehole where the anchor is located to block the slurry and prevent the slurry from overflowing, and then the spherical slot tray 13 is placed in it to make it abut against the head rubber gasket 12, and finally the pre-tightening nut 14 is twisted in to press it tightly against the spherical slot tray 13, thereby completing the overall installation of the anchor.

[0056] Among them, in order to realize the rotational connection between the anchor rod head 10 and the spiral rod 20, it is only necessary to use the relevant rotating shaft to radially pass through the anchor rod head 10 and the spiral rod 20; and this embodiment has a head rod sheet 111 extending downward from the lower end of the head connecting rod 11. The head rod sheet 111 is a semi-cylindrical structure, and a through-hole is provided on the head rod sheet 111. The through-hole passes through the head rod sheet 111 along the radial direction of the head connecting rod 11, thereby forming a structure for the head connecting rod 11 and the spiral rod 20 to be rotationally connected.

[0057] Regarding the screw rod 20, Figure 1-3 and Figure 1-4 As shown, the spiral rod 20 of this embodiment includes a spiral segment 21 and straight rod segments 22 connected to both ends of the spiral segment 21. The straight rod segments 22 are used to realize the rotation connection of the spiral rod 20. The spiral segment 21 and the two straight rod segments 22 are arranged in a straight line.

[0058] For example, in order to realize the rotational connection between the screw rod 20 and the head connecting rod 11, and the end connecting rod 30, this embodiment is provided with a screw plate 221 on both straight rod sections 22; specifically, the upper straight rod section 22 extends upward through its upper end portion to form the screw plate 221, and the lower straight rod section 22 extends downward through its lower end portion to form the screw plate 221. The two screw plates 221 are also semi-cylindrical structures, and the two screw plates 221 are also provided with through holes, and the through holes penetrate the screw plates 221 along the radial direction of the screw rod 20, thereby forming a structure for the screw rod 20 to be rotationally connected to the head connecting rod 11, and the screw rod 20 to the end connecting rod 30.

[0059] Regarding the terminal connecting rod 30, Figure 1-3 and Figure 1-4 As shown, the end connecting rod 30 is a straight rod structure, and the upper end of the end connecting rod 30 extends upward to form an end rod sheet 31. The end rod sheet 31 is a semi-cylindrical structure, and the end rod sheet 31 is also provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the end rod sheet 31 along the radial direction of the end connecting rod 30, thereby forming a structure for the end connecting rod 30 to be rotatably connected to the spiral rod 20.

[0060] In order to realize the rotation connection of the above components, Figures 1-2 to 1-4 As shown, this embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod also includes multiple rotating shafts 41, which respectively pass through the rotating connection between the anchor rod head 10 and the telescopic rod, and the rotating connection between the telescopic rod and the end link 30; and both ends of the multiple rotating shafts 41 are provided with anti-slip end heads 42, which are used to prevent the rotation connection between the anchor rod head 10 and the telescopic rod, and the rotation connection between the telescopic rod and the end link 30 from separating.

[0061] Specifically, in this embodiment, the radial dimensions of the head connecting rod 11, the straight rod section 22, and the end connecting rod 30 are basically the same. During installation, the head rod sheet 111 is spliced ​​with the upper screw sheet 221, and the lower screw sheet 221 is spliced ​​with the end rod sheet 31. Then, a rotating shaft 41 is passed through the through-holes of the head rod sheet 111 and the upper screw sheet 221, and a rotating shaft 41 is passed through the through-holes of the lower screw sheet 221 and the end rod sheet 31, so that the rotational connection between the anchor head 10, the screw rod 20, and the end connecting rod 30 can be realized.

[0062] Among them, during installation, an anti-slip end 42 can be set only at one end of the rotating shaft 41. After the rotating shaft 41 passes through the corresponding through-hole to realize the rotational connection of the relevant components, the anti-slip end 42 can be installed at the other end of the rotating shaft 41 to prevent the rotating connection part from loosening and separating by taking advantage of the fact that the diameter of the anti-slip end 42 is larger than the diameter of the rotating shaft 41.

[0063] In addition, this embodiment also sets the rotating shaft 41 as a threaded rod, so that the external thread of the threaded rod can abut against the inner wall of the perforation. This setting method not only does not affect the normal rotation of the rotating part, but also can apply a certain resistance to the rotating part, thereby achieving positioning after rotation and avoiding the problem of excessive rotation.

[0064] After installation and application, if the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large shear force, relative rotation will occur between the anchor head 10, the spiral rod 20 and the end connecting rod 30 to offset the influence of this shear force; and when the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large tensile force, the spiral rod 20 has a greater elongation performance than the ordinary straight rod anchor, and can cooperate with the surrounding rock to undergo tensile and compressive deformation during the deformation of the surrounding rock, and generate a large tensile axial force in the process of coordinated deformation of the surrounding rock, providing a tensile effect, so it can also adapt to stretching to offset the influence of this tensile force, thereby effectively solving the problem that the existing anchor rods cannot effectively prevent shear and tensile damage; and after the spiral rod 20 is set, the spiral rod 20 can also increase the contact area with the grouting slurry, so that the two are in full contact, ensuring that the slurry is filled in the gaps in the spiral rod 20, thereby increasing the bonding strength and anti-slip performance between the spiral rod 20 and the grouting body. Example

[0065] The second embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2-1 to Figure 2-3 As shown, it is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that this embodiment adopts a sleeve structure as the telescopic rod. Specifically, the telescopic rod includes a reducing sleeve 50, and a first connecting rod 51 and a second connecting rod 52 sleeved in the reducing sleeve 50. The first connecting rod 51 is rotatably connected to the anchor head 10, and the second connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the end connecting rod 30.

[0066] The main principle of the reducing sleeve 50 is to use its inner diameter to narrow to exert resistance on the components placed inside it, thereby optimizing the anti-pullout effect of the anchor rod. Figure 2-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the reducing sleeve 50 is reduced in the direction away from the anchor head 10 to ensure that the smallest inner diameter can prevent other components from falling out.

[0067] For example, the reducing sleeve 50 of this embodiment includes a first constant diameter section 501, a reducing diameter section 503 and a second constant diameter section 502 connected in sequence; the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section 501 is a constant value, and the first constant diameter section 501 is connected to the maximum diameter of the reducing diameter section 503. At this time, the inner diameter of the first constant diameter section 501 is consistent with the maximum diameter of the reducing diameter section 503; and in the direction away from the anchor head 10, the diameter of the reducing diameter section 503 decreases linearly, and the minimum diameter is connected to the second constant diameter section 502, so the diameter of the second constant diameter section 502 will be constant at the minimum diameter of the reducing diameter section 503.

[0068] Regarding the first connecting rod 51, Figure 2-1 to Figure 2-3 As shown, at this time, the first connecting rod 51 extends from one end of the reducing sleeve 50 adjacent to the anchor head 10; specifically, the lower end of the first connecting rod 51 is arranged in the first constant diameter section 501, and the upper end of the first connecting rod 51 extends out of the first constant diameter section 501, and the upper end of the first connecting rod 51 extends upward to form a connecting rod sheet 53, which is a semi-cylindrical structure, and a through-hole is also provided on the connecting rod sheet 53, and the through-hole penetrates the connecting rod sheet 53 along the radial direction of the first connecting rod 51, thereby forming a structure for the first connecting rod 51 to be rotatably connected to the anchor head 10.

[0069] Moreover, in order to ensure that the first connecting rod 51 is connected and fixed to the reducing sleeve 50, this embodiment provides an external thread on the circumferential wall of the lower end portion of the first connecting rod 51, and an internal thread on the inner circumferential wall of the first constant diameter section 501, thereby realizing the threaded connection and fixation of the first connecting rod 51 and the first constant diameter section 501.

[0070] Regarding the second connecting rod 52, Figure 2-1 to Figure 2-3 As shown, at this time, the second connecting rod 52 extends from the end of the reducing sleeve 50 away from the anchor head 10, and the second connecting rod 52 is covered with an anti-pullout nut 54. The anti-pullout nut 54 is arranged in the reducing sleeve 50, and the diameter of the anti-pullout nut 54 is larger than the diameter of the smallest inner diameter of the reducing sleeve 50.

[0071] Specifically, at this time, the upper end of the second connecting rod 52 is arranged in the reduced diameter section 503, and the second connecting rod 52 is installed with an anti-pullout nut 54 here by means of a threaded connection, while the lower end of the second connecting rod 52 extends out of the second constant diameter section 502, and the lower end of the second connecting rod 52 also extends downward to form a connecting rod sheet 53. The connecting rod sheet 53 is a semi-cylindrical structure, and the connecting rod sheet 53 is also provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates the connecting rod sheet 53 along the radial direction of the second connecting rod 52, thereby forming a structure for the second connecting rod 52 to be rotatably connected to the end connecting rod 30.

[0072] After installation and application, if the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large shear force, relative rotation will occur between the anchor head 10 and the first connecting rod 51, and between the second connecting rod 52 and the end connecting rod 30 to offset the influence of this shear force; and when the deformation of the surrounding rock produces a large pulling force, the second connecting rod 52 will move outside the reducing sleeve 50, thereby driving the anti-pullout nut 54 to move to the part with a smaller diameter of the reducing section 503, so under the action of the anti-pullout nut 54, the reducing sleeve 50 will be squeezed and expanded. This process not only produces an extension deformation to offset the influence of this pulling force, but also produces a tensile resistance between the second connecting rod 52 and the reducing sleeve 50, thereby achieving a tensile effect. Example

[0073] As can be seen from the above-mentioned first and second embodiments, the main function of the telescopic rod is to achieve extension deformation, and its implementation method is not unique. It can be the structure of the above-mentioned spiral rod 20 or the structure of the above-mentioned reducing sleeve 50. However, it should be pointed out that the telescopic rod is not limited to the methods of the first and second embodiments, that is, it is not limited to having only one telescopic portion. It can also be provided with a telescopic rod including multiple telescopic sections that are rotatably connected in sequence. The multiple telescopic sections are all structures that can be extended after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the multiple telescopic sections are all perpendicular to their own axes.

[0074] for example Figure 3 The third embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is shown, which is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that two telescopic sections are provided, both of which are spiral rods 20, and the anchor rod head 10 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the upper spiral rod 20, the lower end of the upper spiral rod 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lower spiral rod 20, and the lower end of the lower spiral rod 20 is rotatably connected to the end connecting rod 30.

[0075] Therefore, after adopting this setting method, the anchor rod has more rotatable parts, so that when responding to the shear force generated by the deformation of the surrounding rock, the shear force in more directions can be offset by the rotation of more parts; of course, the telescopic section is not limited to being set as a spiral rod 20, it can also be set as a reducing sleeve 50 structure as in Example 2, as well as other solutions with similar functional principles, which can also achieve the same beneficial effects. Example

[0076] The fourth embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it is basically the same as the third embodiment, except that two telescopic sections with different structures are provided, one telescopic section is a spiral rod 20, and the other telescopic section is a reducing sleeve 50 structure, the anchor head 10 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the spiral rod 20, the lower end of the spiral rod 20 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod 51, and the lower end of the second connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the terminal connecting rod 30.

[0077] Therefore, after installation and application, the spiral rod 20 and the reducing sleeve 50 structure can be used to simultaneously cope with complex surrounding rock changes, thereby making the anchor rod more adaptable to different environments; of course, the setting order of the spiral rod 20 and the reducing sleeve 50 is not limited to the method of this embodiment, and the number of settings is not limited to one each. It is only necessary to ensure that among the multiple telescopic sections, at least two telescopic sections have different extendable structures. For example, this embodiment uses the spiral section 21 of the spiral rod 20 as the first extendable structure and the relative movement of the reducing sleeve 50 and the second connecting rod 52 as the second extendable structure to achieve this purpose.

[0078] In particular, since the performance of the spiral rod 20 and the reducing sleeve 50 structure is relatively excellent, it is recommended that during production design, at least one telescopic section can be preferably provided as a spiral rod 20, and at least one telescopic section includes a reducing sleeve 50, and a first connecting rod 51 and a second connecting rod 52 sleeved in the reducing sleeve 50. The specific implementation method can refer to the above Examples 1 and 2. Example

[0079] The fifth embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it is basically the same as the fourth embodiment, the difference is that the straight rod section 22 above the spiral rod 20 is rotatably connected to the head connecting rod 11, and the straight rod section 22 below the spiral rod 20 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod 51, and the two are an integrally formed structure, and the lower end of the second connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the end connecting rod 30.

[0080] This embodiment shows that the connection method between multiple telescopic sections is not fixed. For example, adjacent telescopic sections can be rotatably connected or fixedly connected, so the straight rod section 22 can be used to achieve a fixed connection or a rotatable connection of the spiral rod 20. Similarly, the first connecting rod 51 and the second connecting rod 52 can also be used to achieve a fixed connection or a rotatable connection of the telescopic sections. Those skilled in the art can make a choice according to specific needs. Example

[0081] The sixth embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6-1 to Figure 6-3 As shown, it is basically the same as the fourth embodiment, except that the shear-resistant retractable anchor rod of this embodiment also includes a connecting member 60, one end of the connecting member 60 is used to achieve a rotational connection, and the other end of the connecting member 60 is used to achieve a fixed connection, thereby indicating that the rotational connection method between the various components is not unique.

[0082] Specifically, the connecting member 60 of this embodiment is roughly in the shape of a straight rod, and two oppositely arranged ear plates 61 are provided at one end of the connecting member 60, and a pipe sleeve 62 is provided at the other opposite end of the connecting member 60, and an internal thread is provided in the pipe sleeve 62; therefore, the upper connecting member 60 can be clamped on the outside of the head connecting rod 11 by using the two ear plates 61, and the rotating shaft 41 can pass through the through holes on the ear plates 61 and the head connecting rod 11 to realize the rotational connection between the connecting member 60 and the head connecting rod 11, and the pipe sleeve 62 of the upper connecting member 60 can be threadedly connected to the straight rod section 22 above the spiral rod 20 to realize the connection and fixation of the connecting member 60 and the spiral rod 20.

[0083] Similarly, the straight rod section 22 below the spiral rod 20 can be threadedly connected and fixed to the pipe sleeve 62 of the lower connecting member 60, and the lower connecting member 60 can be rotatably connected to the first connecting rod 51 using two ear plates 61, and finally the second connecting rod 52 is rotatably connected to the end connecting rod 30; wherein, the end connecting rod 30 of this embodiment is provided with an ear plate structure similar to the connecting member 60 for rotatable connection.

[0084] It should be pointed out that the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod and the end link 30 can be directly connected in rotation, or they can be connected in rotation using a connecting piece 60. Therefore, if the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod or the end link 30 needs to be connected in rotation using a connecting piece 60, it is only necessary to use two ear plates 61 to clamp them on the outside of the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod or the end link 30 to perform a pivotal rotation connection; similarly, if the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod or the end link 30 needs to be fixedly connected using a connecting piece 60, it is only necessary to use a pipe sleeve 62 to be sleeved on the outside of the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod or the end link 30 to perform a threaded connection.

[0085] Moreover, it can be seen from this embodiment that when performing rotational connection of components, it is not required that the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod and the end link 30 must all be connected using the connecting piece 60. For example, this embodiment only provides rotational connection between the anchor rod head 10 and the spiral rod 20, and between the spiral rod 20 and the first connecting rod 51 using the connecting piece 60, while the second connecting rod 52 and the end link 30 are not rotationally connected using the connecting piece 60. Therefore, it is indicated that when using the connecting piece 60 for rotational connection, it is only necessary to ensure that at least two of the anchor rod head 10, the telescopic rod and the end link 30 are connected using the connecting piece 60, and the remaining rotational connection parts can be switched to different connection methods according to needs. Example

[0086] The seventh embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod of the present invention is as follows: Figure 7As shown, it is basically the same as the sixth embodiment, with the difference that the surface of the shear-resistant retractable anchor rod exposed in the rock mass is provided with an anti-debonding pattern 70, and the anti-debonding pattern 70 is used to increase the bonding force and mechanical bite force between the anchor rod and the grouting body, prevent the rod section from debonding and failing, and play an anti-pullout effect. The anti-debonding pattern 70 can be implemented in a variety of ways, such as spiral pattern, grid pattern, wave pattern, etc., alone or in combination, as long as the contact area between the anchor rod and the grouting body can be expanded.

[0087] Specifically, this embodiment selects a spiral pattern as the anti-debonding pattern 70, and simultaneously arranges the anti-debonding pattern 70 on the outer peripheral wall of the head connecting rod 11, the outer peripheral wall of the two connecting parts 60, the outer peripheral wall of the spiral rod 20, the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting rod 51, the outer peripheral wall of the reducing sleeve 50, the outer peripheral wall of the second connecting rod 52, and the outer peripheral wall of the end connecting rod 30, thereby comprehensively improving the anti-debonding failure performance of the anchor rod and further enhancing the anti-pullout effect. Example

[0088] It can be seen from the above embodiments 1 to 6 that although the rotation method between the anchor head 10, the telescopic rod and the end link 30 is not unique, those skilled in the art can choose different rotation connection methods according to needs, but the rotation areas of the above embodiments are all placed in the same plane.

[0089] For example, Figures 1-1 to 1-4 Taking the first embodiment shown as an example, the spiral rod 20 and the end connecting rod 30 can only rotate clockwise or counterclockwise in the plane shown in the figure, so when the surrounding rock generates shear force in the same plane, the spiral rod 20 and the end connecting rod 30 can both rotate to offset the influence of the shear force.

[0090] However, at certain times, the surrounding rock may generate shear forces in multiple different planes. At this time, the anchor rod needs to rotate accordingly in multiple directions to offset the effects of these shear forces. For example, when the rotation center of the spiral rod 20 is set to be perpendicular to the drawing, and the rotation center of the first connecting rod 51 is set to be in the vertical direction as shown in the figure, the anchor rod can be made to rotate in two different directions to cope with shear forces in two different planes.

[0091] Therefore, when designing an anchor rod, it is only necessary to ensure that at least two rotation centers of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod have different directions in each rotation connection to achieve the response to various situations, and the more rotation directions, the stronger the response capability. Therefore, in order to achieve this effect, the present invention provides a seventh embodiment of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod. Figure 8 As shown, it is basically the same as the sixth embodiment, except that each rotation connection of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod is a universal joint 80 rotation connection.

[0092] After adopting this setting method, each rotating connection of the anchor rod can be moved in multiple directions using the universal joint 80. At this time, even if the surrounding rock generates shear forces in multiple planes, the anchor rod can adaptively rotate in the corresponding direction, thereby greatly improving the anchor rod's shear resistance.

[0093] Of course, the universal joint 80 of this embodiment can also be used in the above-mentioned embodiment instead. For example, one or more rotational connections in the above-mentioned embodiment can be implemented by using the universal joint 80 instead. By combining the universal joint 80 with other rotational connection methods, similar beneficial effects can also be obtained.

[0094] In summary, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0095] 1. The anchor rod is equipped with multiple rotating parts, which can effectively prevent the anchor rod from shearing and breaking. This rotating connection structure can effectively cope with many geological conditions such as internal fault failure in the rock mass, internal crack expansion in the rock mass, and landslide instability in the soil. The rotation of the connection structure coordinates the deformation and dislocation of the rock mass, preventing shear failure of the anchor rod.

[0096] 2. The use of the reducing sleeve 50 and the anti-pullout nut 54 in conjunction with each other not only provides pull-out resistance but also effectively prevents the anchor rod from breaking and failing due to insufficient extension. Furthermore, as the anti-pullout nut 54 squeezes the reducing sleeve 50, the overall length of the anchor rod gradually increases, thereby coordinating the deformation of the rock and soil. When the rock and soil no longer move, the reducing sleeve 50 structure also stops moving. At this time, the anti-pullout nut 54 fits tightly against the inner wall of the reducing sleeve 50, allowing the anchor rod to continue to provide anchoring support.

[0097] 3. The spiral rod 20 can play a role in coordinating the deformation of the rock and soil. Due to its special spiral structure, it can achieve a reciprocating motion under the action of seismic loads, thereby effectively dissipating the energy of the seismic waves and preventing the anchor rod from breaking;

[0098] 4. The surface of the shear-resistant retractable anchor exposed in the rock mass is provided with anti-debonding lines 70, which increases the bonding strength and mechanical bite force between the anchor and the grouting body, prevents the anchor from debonding and failure, and plays an anti-pullout role.

[0099] 5. Combining multiple telescopic sections with different functions to achieve mutual coordination of multiple rod sections in an adaptive manner can produce multiple deformation modes, thereby giving full play to the combined advantages of tensile strength, shear strength and large telescopic deformation, and deeply adapting to the complex stress state under complex geological conditions;

[0100] 6. Under complex stress conditions, the present invention can adaptively coordinate multiple rod segments, leveraging the combined advantages of tensile strength, shear strength, and large expansion and contraction deformation. Furthermore, in the face of faults and fissures in the surrounding rock mass, the present invention can also achieve different deformation and arrangement patterns through the coordination of multiple rod segments to coordinate with geological conditions such as faults, fissures, and landslides in the rock mass.

[0101] 7. The present invention realizes the integration of anchor rod reinforcement, tension resistance, shear resistance, deformation and expansion, with a simple structure and diverse functions.

[0102] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shear-resistant retractable anchor rod, characterized in that: It includes an anchor head, a telescopic rod and an end connecting rod that are connected in rotation in sequence. The telescopic rod is a structure that can be extended after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the telescopic rod and the end connecting rod are perpendicular to their own axes. The telescopic rod comprises a plurality of telescopic sections connected in sequence, wherein adjacent telescopic sections are rotatably connected or fixedly connected, and the plurality of telescopic sections are all structures that can be extended after being subjected to tension, and the rotation centers of the plurality of telescopic sections are all perpendicular to their own axes; Among the multiple telescopic segments, at least two of the telescopic segments have different extendable structures; At least one of the telescopic sections is a spiral rod, and the spiral rod includes a spiral section and straight rod sections connected to both ends of the spiral section, and the straight rod sections are used to achieve a fixed connection or a rotational connection of the spiral rod; At least one of the telescopic sections includes a reducing sleeve, and a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod sleeved in the reducing sleeve; In the direction away from the anchor head, the inner diameter of the reducing sleeve decreases; The first connecting rod extends from one end of the reducing sleeve adjacent to the anchor rod head; The second connecting rod extends from one end of the reducing sleeve away from the anchor head, and an anti-pullout nut is provided on the outer shell of the second connecting rod. The anti-pullout nut is arranged in the reducing sleeve, and the diameter of the anti-pullout nut is larger than the diameter of the minimum inner diameter of the reducing sleeve; The first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are both used to achieve fixed connection or rotational connection of the telescopic section; The shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod further includes a connecting piece, one end of which is used to realize a rotational connection, and the other end of which is used to realize a fixed connection; At least two of the anchor rod head, the telescopic rod and the terminal connecting rod are connected by the connecting piece.

2. The shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod further comprises a plurality of rotation shafts, wherein the plurality of rotation shafts respectively pass through the rotation connection between the anchor rod head and the telescopic rod, and the rotation connection between the telescopic rod and the terminal connecting rod; Both ends of the plurality of rotating shafts are provided with anti-slip ends, which are used to prevent the rotation connection between the anchor rod head and the telescopic rod, and the rotation connection between the telescopic rod and the end connecting rod from being separated.

3. The shear-resistant telescopic anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the rotational connections of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod, at least two of the rotation centers have different directions.

4. The shear-resistant telescopic anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each rotation connection of the shear-resistant telescopic anchor rod is a universal joint rotation connection.

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