A type of swiveling floating bearing turbocharger

Abstract

This invention discloses a swivel-stop type floating bearing turbocharger, including a turbine housing, turbine rotor, heat shield, bearing body, sealing sleeve, oil baffle, oil cap, retaining ring, impeller, volute, and locking nut. It also features a floating bearing, thrust plate, bolts, and limiting pin. Utilizing the notches and grooves on the floating bearing, and with the use of the thrust plate, the floating bearing rotates to a certain angle, and then the limiting pin restricts circumferential rotation. Compared to multi-segment floating bearings, single-piece floating bearings, under oil film support, have smaller axial play clearance and extremely small radial rotational clearance, which is beneficial for oil film establishment, high reliability, effectively reduces synchronization noise, and extends the turbocharger's service life, making it worthy of widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine turbocharger technology, and more particularly to a swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, exhaust gas turbochargers utilize the energy of the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine. The turbine expands and does work, driving the turbine impeller to rotate. At the same time, the turbine impeller on the same shaft drives the compressor impeller to compress fresh air and send it into the engine cylinder. This increases the air density entering the engine cylinder, allowing the fuel to burn more completely and increasing the engine's power.

[0003] With the rapid advancement of engine supercharging technology, turbochargers are developing towards miniaturization, lightweighting, and high power density. Currently, the highest speed of turbochargers has reached 260,000 rpm. How to quickly engage at low engine speeds and improve rapid response time, and how to ensure reliability at high speeds, have become the focus of current design work.

[0004] Conventional turbochargers rely on floating bearings to create an oil film that supports the rotor system using high oil pressure. A very small clearance is designed between the floating bearing and the bearing housing, and between the floating bearing and the rotor shaft. The lubricating oil forms a very small oil film within this small clearance, which then supports the high-speed rotation of the bearing.

[0005] Traditional turbochargers use two floating bearings, with retaining rings to limit axial movement, or a limiting sleeve between the two floating bearings to limit axial movement, and a thrust bearing to eliminate part of the axial thrust. In this type of turbocharger, the floating bearings rotate 360° without constraint. This type of turbocharger is prone to generating subsynchronous noise and has a large number of components, requiring high precision in the thrust bearing.

[0006] With the rapid development of engine application technology, exhaust gas turbochargers are being used more and more widely, and the operating conditions are becoming more and more demanding. Therefore, how to extend the service life of turbochargers and reduce turbocharger response time remains a key research focus.

[0007] Driven by the need for platform-based management, current engine platforms are becoming increasingly systematic, specialized, and refined, especially in the development of turbocharger platforms, where requirements for bearing system wear resistance, stability, and loading time are becoming increasingly stringent. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention proposes a swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger that facilitates oil film formation, has high reliability, effectively reduces subsynchronous noise, and extends the service life of the turbocharger.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger includes a turbine housing, a turbine rotor, a heat shield, a bearing housing, a sealing sleeve, an oil baffle, an oil sealing cap, a retaining ring, an impeller, a volute, and a lock nut. It is characterized by further including a floating bearing, a thrust plate, bolts, and a limit pin.

[0011] The turbine rotor is housed inside the turbine housing within the rotor mounting hole. The turbine rotor is sequentially fitted with the heat insulation cover, bearing housing, floating bearing, sealing sleeve, oil baffle, oil seal cap, retaining ring, impeller, and lock nut.

[0012] The floating bearing is a cylindrical tube, with its inner end inserted into the central inner hole of the bearing body and integrally fitted onto the shaft of the turbine rotor. The outer wall of the outer port of the floating bearing has two rings of spaced protrusions. The groove formed in the middle of the protrusions is a retaining groove. The outer wall of the protrusions also has a small notch and a large notch. The shape of the small notch matches the shape of the outer circle of the locating pin. When the outer circle of the locating pin overlaps with the protrusion on the outer port of the floating bearing, the locating pin can pass through the protrusion through the small notch. The shape of the large notch matches the shape of the outer circle of the thrust plate. When the outer circle of the thrust plate overlaps with the protrusion on the outer port of the floating bearing, the thrust plate can pass through the protrusion through the large notch. The tube wall inside the protrusions of the floating bearing has an oil inlet that penetrates the tube wall and serves as a channel for lubricant.

[0013] The bearing body has a first fixing hole and a second fixing hole on opposite sides of the central inner hole for fixing the floating bearing. The first fixing hole is a bolt hole, and the bolt passes through the thrust plate and is threaded into the first fixing hole. The second fixing hole is a pin hole. After the bolt and the thrust plate are installed, the floating bearing is rotated a certain angle around the axial direction of the floating bearing. When the small notch is aligned with the second fixing hole, the limiting pin is inserted into the second fixing hole.

[0014] A further solution is to provide several sealing rings at the location where the outer wall of the turbine rotor shaft approaches the bearing body and the location where the oil seal cover contacts the sealing sleeve, inside the heat insulation cover and before the floating bearing.

[0015] This application also relates to an assembly method for a swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger, characterized by the following steps:

[0016] (1) First, install the turbine rotor with a sealing ring at one end into the turbine housing, then install the heat shield, then connect the bearing body, and align the center of the bearing body's inner hole with the center of the turbine rotor.

[0017] (2) After aligning the center of the bearing housing with the center of the turbine rotor, the floating bearing is fitted onto the turbine rotor shaft and moved into the center of the bearing housing.

[0018] (3) Align the large notch with the first fixing hole, install the thrust plate at the notch position, and screw the bolt through the thrust plate into the first fixing hole. The thrust plate moves into the groove in the middle of the protrusion on the floating bearing as the bolt is screwed in.

[0019] (4) When the thrust plate moves into the groove in the middle of the protrusion on the floating bearing as the bolt is screwed in, rotate the floating bearing at a certain angle. When the small notch is aligned with the second fixing hole, the limiting pin can be inserted into the second fixing hole.

[0020] (5) After the limit pin is assembled, first cover the oil baffle plate, then tighten the sealing sleeve with sealing ring on the turbine rotor shaft at the outer end of the floating bearing, then install the oil seal cover and retaining ring in sequence, then connect the impeller to the turbine rotor shaft, tighten the lock nut at the tail end of the rotor shaft, and finally cover the volute to complete the assembly.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by utilizing the notch and slot on the floating bearing, and using a thrust washer, the floating bearing can rotate to a certain angle, and then the circumferential rotation is restricted by the limiting pin. Compared with multi-segment floating bearings, single floating bearings have a smaller axial transmission clearance and a very small radial rotation clearance under oil film support, which is conducive to oil film establishment, has high reliability, can effectively reduce subsynchronous noise, and extend the service life of the turbocharger, and has promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the floating bearing assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a view of the end face of the floating bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA sectional view. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0028] As shown in the figure, a swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger includes a turbine housing 1, a turbine rotor 2, a heat shield 3, a bearing body 5, a sealing sleeve 7, an oil baffle 8, an oil sealing cap 9, a retaining ring 10, an impeller 12, a volute 13, and a locking nut 14. It is characterized by a floating bearing 6, a thrust plate 15, a bolt 16, and a limiting pin 17.

[0029] The turbine rotor 2 is installed inside the turbine housing 1 in the rotor mounting hole. The turbine rotor 2 is sequentially fitted with the heat insulation cover 3, bearing body 5, floating bearing 6, sealing sleeve 7, oil baffle 8, oil sealing cover 9, retaining ring 10, impeller 12 and locking nut 14.

[0030] The floating bearing 6 is a cylindrical tube, with its inner end inserted into the central inner hole of the bearing body 5 and integrally fitted onto the shaft of the turbine rotor 2. The outer wall of the outer port of the floating bearing 6 has two spaced protrusions 61, with a groove formed in the middle of each protrusion 61 forming a slot. The outer wall of the protrusions 61 also has a small notch 64 and a large notch 65. The shape of the small notch 64 matches the outer cylindrical shape of the limiting pin 17. When the outer diameter of the limiting pin 17 is aligned with the floating bearing 6… When the protrusions 61 on the outer port overlap, the limiting pin 17 can pass through the protrusions 61 through the small notch. The shape of the large notch 65 matches the outer circle shape of the thrust plate 15. When the outer circle of the thrust plate 15 overlaps with the protrusions 61 on the outer port of the floating bearing 6, the thrust plate 15 can pass through the protrusions 61 through the large notch 65. An oil inlet 62 penetrating the pipe wall is provided on the inner wall of the protrusions 61 of the floating bearing 6, which is used as a channel for lubricant.

[0031] The bearing body 5 has a first fixing hole 18 and a second fixing hole 19 on opposite sides of the central inner hole for fixing the floating bearing 6. The first fixing hole 18 is a bolt hole, and the bolt 16 passes through the thrust plate 15 and is threaded into the first fixing hole 18. The second fixing hole 19 is a pin hole. After the bolt 16 and the thrust plate 15 are installed, the floating bearing 6 is rotated a certain angle around the axial direction of the floating bearing 6. When the small notch 64 is aligned with the second fixing hole 19, the limiting pin 17 is inserted into the second fixing hole 19.

[0032] Several sealing rings are provided at the part of the outer wall of the turbine rotor 2 inside the heat insulation cover 3 and before the floating bearing 6 that is close to the bearing body 5 and at the part of the contact between the oil seal cover 9 and the sealing sleeve 7.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger, comprising a turbine housing, a turbine rotor, a heat shield, a bearing housing, a sealing sleeve, an oil baffle, an oil sealing cap, a retaining ring, an impeller, a volute, and a lock nut, characterized in that... Includes floating bearings, thrust washers, bolts, and limit pins; The turbine rotor is housed inside the turbine housing within the rotor mounting hole. The turbine rotor is sequentially fitted with the heat insulation cover, bearing housing, floating bearing, sealing sleeve, oil baffle, oil seal cap, retaining ring, impeller, and lock nut. The floating bearing is a cylindrical tube, with its inner end inserted into the central inner hole of the bearing body and integrally fitted onto the shaft of the turbine rotor. The outer wall of the outer port of the floating bearing has two rings of spaced protrusions. The groove formed in the middle of the protrusions is a retaining groove. The outer wall of the protrusions also has a small notch and a large notch. The shape of the small notch matches the shape of the outer circle of the locating pin. When the outer circle of the locating pin overlaps with the protrusion on the outer port of the floating bearing, the locating pin can pass through the protrusion through the small notch. The shape of the large notch matches the shape of the outer circle of the thrust plate. When the outer circle of the thrust plate overlaps with the protrusion on the outer port of the floating bearing, the thrust plate can pass through the protrusion through the large notch. The tube wall inside the protrusions of the floating bearing has an oil inlet that penetrates the tube wall and serves as a channel for lubricant. The bearing body has a first fixing hole and a second fixing hole on opposite sides of the central inner hole for fixing the floating bearing. The first fixing hole is a bolt hole, and the bolt passes through the thrust plate and is threaded into the first fixing hole. The second fixing hole is a pin hole. After the bolt and the thrust plate are installed, the floating bearing is rotated a certain angle around the axial direction of the floating bearing. When the small notch is aligned with the second fixing hole, the limiting pin is inserted into the second fixing hole.

2. A swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Several sealing rings are provided at the location where the outer wall of the turbine rotor shaft approaches the bearing body and the location where the oil seal cover contacts the sealing sleeve, inside the heat insulation cover and before the floating bearing.

3. An assembly method for a swivel-type floating bearing turbocharger as described in claim 1, characterized by the following steps: (1) First, install the turbine rotor with a sealing ring at one end into the turbine housing, then install the heat shield, then connect the bearing body, and align the center of the bearing body's inner hole with the center of the turbine rotor. (2) After aligning the center of the bearing housing with the center of the turbine rotor, the floating bearing is fitted onto the turbine rotor shaft and moved into the center of the bearing housing. (3) Align the large notch with the first fixing hole, install the thrust plate at the notch position, and screw the bolt through the thrust plate into the first fixing hole. The thrust plate moves into the groove in the middle of the protrusion on the floating bearing as the bolt is screwed in. (4) When the thrust plate moves into the groove in the middle of the protrusion on the floating bearing as the bolt is screwed in, rotate the floating bearing at a certain angle. When the small notch is aligned with the second fixing hole, the limiting pin can be inserted into the second fixing hole. (5) After the limit pin is assembled, first cover the oil baffle plate, then tighten the sealing sleeve with sealing ring on the turbine rotor shaft at the outer end of the floating bearing, then install the oil seal cover and retaining ring in sequence, then connect the impeller to the turbine rotor shaft, tighten the lock nut at the tail end of the rotor shaft, and finally cover the volute to complete the assembly.

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