Rock bed unit system for high temperature energy storage and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a rock bed unit system for high-temperature energy storage and a use method thereof, which comprises a heating unit, a heat transfer unit, a heat storage unit and a control unit. Solar energy and / or wind energy is generated through a solar photovoltaic power generation device and / or a wind turbine, and the generated electric energy drives an electric heater to generate heat energy. Alternatively, a heat pump is used to convert a low-temperature heat source in air into a high-temperature heat source. The generated heat energy or high-temperature heat source takes air as a heat transfer medium and is transmitted to a storage tank provided with a heat storage medium through a pipeline device. The heat energy stored in the storage tank takes air as a heat transfer medium and is transmitted to a turbine unit through the pipeline device. The heat energy is converted into electric energy by the turbine unit, and the electric energy is finally output to a power grid. In a period when solar energy and wind energy are insufficient, the system uses energy storage technology to stabilize the supply of electric power, and can effectively avoid energy waste and the occurrence of abandoned wind and abandoned electricity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of high-temperature energy storage, and in particular to a rock bed unit system for high-temperature energy storage and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a mature and large-scale utilized renewable clean energy, the installed capacity and scale of wind power and solar power generation are increasing year by year. Maximizing the utilization and development of renewable energy is undoubtedly a challenge to people. How to improve the proportion of renewable energy development and utilization has become an important task for engineers to solve.

[0003] Wind power generation is greatly affected by seasons. For example, in the plains, the wind is strong in spring and winter, which is the peak period of wind power generation, and the wind is small in summer and autumn, which is the trough period of wind power generation. Similarly, solar power generation is affected by sunshine duration and seasons. In high-latitude areas, the sunshine duration is longer, and solar power generation is in full load period. At night or in the rainy season, solar power generation is almost idle. Therefore, when solar power generation is idle or wind power generation is in the trough period, there is a problem of insufficient energy supply in the energy storage process. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a rock bed unit system for high-temperature energy storage and a use method thereof, to solve the technical problem of insufficient energy supply in the energy storage process when renewable energy generation is in the trough period.

[0005] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rock bed unit system for high-temperature energy storage, comprising a heating unit, a heat transfer unit, a heat storage unit and a control unit;

[0007] The heating unit comprises an electric heater, a heat pump, a solar photovoltaic power generation device and / or a wind turbine, which is used for converting solar energy and / or wind energy into high-temperature heat energy by taking air as a heat transfer fluid;

[0008] The heat transfer unit comprises a pipeline device for transporting high-temperature heat energy, a steam generator and a turbine unit;

[0009] The heat storage unit comprises a storage tank for placing a heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium is rock;

[0010] The control unit comprises a sensing module and a processing module, the sensing module comprises a flow sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor, the sensing module transmits the collected data to the processing module, the processing module analyzes and processes the data in the background, and the sensing module is electrically connected with the processing module. In the prior art, many energy storage technologies have been researched, but most of the energy storage technologies only store energy when solar energy or wind energy is in a full load period, that is, when energy is surplus, and release energy to supply power when energy supply is insufficient at night or in the rainy season. Due to the great influence of solar power generation or wind power generation on seasons, such as long duration of the rainy season, power supply only by energy release of the energy storage device cannot meet the long-term use demand, that is, the energy storage device is in the energy release state for a long time and cannot be supplemented with energy, which will cause unstable power supply. In the present application, two energy storage paths are provided, that is, the first path is solar power generation or wind power generation, and the generated electric energy drives an electric heater to generate high-temperature heat energy for storage, and the second path is to directly convert low-temperature heat sources in the air into high-temperature heat energy for storage by using a heat pump. When the seasons of solar energy or wind energy are sufficient and in a full load period, the excess energy is stored through the first path, or the first path and the second path are simultaneously opened for energy storage; when the sunshine time is insufficient or the wind energy is insufficient and cannot provide sufficient energy supply, the low-temperature heat sources in the air are directly converted into high-temperature heat energy for storage by using a heat pump, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient energy supply in the energy storage process and making the output power supply of the energy storage system more stable.

[0011] Further, the current sensor is a plurality of current sensors, which are respectively arranged in the electric heater, the heat pump and the turbine unit; the flow sensor is arranged in the pipeline device; and the temperature sensor is a plurality of temperature sensors, which are respectively arranged in the heating unit, the storage tank and the pipeline device. The flow sensor measures the air flow in the pipeline device to provide data analysis for the processing module to control the valve and the fan; and the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the rock, the air and the pipeline device to provide basic data for the processing module to adjust the air flow and the rock temperature.

[0012] The pipeline device comprises a fan, a control assembly and a water removal assembly, the fan and the control assembly are electrically connected with the processing module, and the water removal assembly is embedded in the pipeline device. The fan ensures that the transportation direction is fixed, so that backflow does not occur when transporting air, and the control assembly can be a valve for adjusting the air flow through the rock.

[0013] Further, the water removal assembly comprises at least two filter plates provided with honeycomb-shaped through holes, and a filter screen is further arranged between the two filter plates, and the filter screen is filled with a water absorption material. When a plurality of filter screens are arranged, a plurality of filling materials can be arranged in sequence according to the air flow direction, such as a water absorption material, activated carbon for adsorbing impurities in the air, or other filling materials for absorbing toxic and harmful substances in the air, which are not limited here.

[0014] Further, the inside of the storage tank is horizontally provided with an airtight separation plate to divide the storage tank into at least two heat storage rooms, the plurality of heat storage rooms are respectively communicated with the plurality of pipeline devices, and a horizontal heat insulation plate is arranged in the heat storage room. The storage tank is divided into at least two heat storage rooms, and the heat storage functions of different heat storage rooms are independent of each other, that is, the pipeline devices are respectively communicated to collect high-temperature heat energy generated under different paths (1. High-temperature heat energy generated by solar energy or wind energy through an electric heater; 2. High-temperature heat energy directly converted from low-temperature heat source in air by using a heat pump).

[0015] Further, the cross section of the storage tank is circular, and a gear is arranged below the storage tank, the outer wall of the storage tank is further provided with external teeth which are engaged with the gear, one end of the pipeline device close to the storage tank is provided with a connecting ring, the end surface of the connecting ring close to the storage tank is provided with a movable sealing ring, and the side wall of the storage tank close to the pipeline device is provided with a groove matched with the connecting ring, and the groove is provided with a sealing groove matched with the movable sealing ring.

[0016] The pipeline device further comprises a connecting pipe and two groups of bypass pipes located at two ends of the storage tank, each group of bypass pipes comprises two branch pipes, one end of the two branch pipes in the same group is movably penetrated through the end of the connecting ring opposite to the horizontal heat insulation plate, the other end of the two branch pipes in the same group is communicated through the bypass pipe, and the two bypass pipes are communicated through the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is communicated with the gas inlet of the steam generator.

[0017] The second valve, the third valve, the first valve and the fourth valve are arranged on the bypass pipes and the two branch pipes located on the same side, respectively, the first valve and the fourth valve are arranged on the two branch pipes, respectively, the second valve and the third valve are arranged on the bypass pipes, the second valve is located between the first valve and the fourth valve, and the fourth valve is located between the second valve and the third valve. The structure can drive the storage tank to rotate through the rotation of the gear, and the storage tank remains stationary in the rotating condition.

[0018] Further, the outer surface of the storage tank is provided with a heat preservation layer, and a vacuum layer is arranged between the heat preservation layer and the storage tank. The heat preservation effect is enhanced, heat dissipation is prevented, and the hazards caused by air and rock thermal expansion are avoided.

[0019] The application also provides a use method of the rock bed unit system for the high-temperature energy storage.

[0020] S1: First, the optimal heat storage medium is selected according to the heat storage medium screening method.

[0021] S2: Then connect each functional unit or device in the rock bed unit system, generate electricity by solar photovoltaic power generation device and / or wind turbine using solar energy and / or wind energy, and drive the electric heater to generate high-temperature heat energy with the generated electricity; or directly convert low-temperature heat source in the air into high-temperature heat energy by using a heat pump;

[0022] S3: The high-temperature heat energy generated in step two is transmitted to the storage tank containing the heat storage rock screened out in step one through a pipeline device with air as the heat transfer medium, and the heat energy is stored;

[0023] S4: When discharging heat, the heat energy stored in the storage tank in step three is also transmitted to the steam generator through a pipeline device with air as the heat transfer medium, and the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy by the steam generator, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by the turbine unit, and the obtained electrical energy is finally output to the power grid.

[0024] Further, the screening method of the heat storage medium is as follows:

[0025] S11: According to the data, the specific heat capacity of different mineral rocks is collected, and the potential rock types are determined, and the calorimetric measurement is performed on the rock samples of different types to determine the overall heat capacity of the samples;

[0026] S12: Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the samples in step S11 is performed using thin sections and a polarizing microscope;

[0027] S13: The physical stability of the rock samples in step S12 at high temperature is tested, and in different experiments, all samples are heated to 600°C and 800°C in a high-temperature furnace at a heating rate of 20°C / min, and all samples are kept at the peak temperature of 600°C for 47 hours and at 800°C for 64 hours, respectively;

[0028] S14: All samples in step S13 are taken out and cooled at room temperature;

[0029] S15: Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the samples in step S14 is performed again using thin sections and a polarizing microscope;

[0030] S16: According to the examination results obtained in step S15, the best rock is selected as the heat storage medium.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0032] 1、The present application converts renewable energy into high-temperature heat energy through a heating unit, and then transmits the high-temperature heat energy to a storage tank through a pipeline device with air as the heat transfer medium. When energy is needed to be released, the high-temperature heat energy stored in the storage tank can also be transmitted to a turbine unit through the pipeline device, and the turbine unit compresses the high-temperature air to convert the heat energy into mechanical energy, and then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The obtained electrical energy is finally output to the power grid. The wind energy and solar energy in nature are greatly affected by seasons and sunshine duration, so when the wind energy or solar energy supply is sufficient, the present application can use solar energy to generate photovoltaic power or use wind power to drive a generator to generate electricity, and store the surplus energy into high-temperature heat energy through an electric heater;

[0033] 2、In the seasons when the energy is insufficient, the present application can also use the low-temperature heat energy in the air through a heat pump in the heating unit to generate high-temperature heat energy, and the generated heat energy is transmitted to the heat storage unit through the heat transfer unit for storage, which can avoid the problem of insufficient renewable energy supply during the energy storage process;

[0034] 3、The sensing module in the control unit of the present application can monitor the entire system in real time, and when the data is abnormal or at a dangerous value, the processing module can adjust each unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the present application, constitute a part of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of the rock bed unit system of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic diagram of the heat storage tank;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a solar photovoltaic power generation equipment and a vertical axis wind turbine connected with the heating system;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a working flow chart of the high-temperature energy storage rock bed unit system of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the water removal assembly;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a vertical sectional view of the storage tank;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a left view of the storage tank;

[0043] Figure 8 It is an enlarged sectional view of the connection between the storage tank and the pipeline device.

[0044] The reference signs represent: 1-fan, 201-first valve, 202-second valve, 203-third valve, 204-fourth valve, 205-fifth valve, 206-sixth valve, 207-seventh valve, 208-eighth valve, 3-air flow meter, 4-thermocouple, 5-heat storage unit, 61-connection pipe, 7-hot end, 8-cold end, 9-horizontal heat insulation plate, 10-airtight separation plate, 11-thermal insulation layer, 12-photovoltaic panel, 13-inverter, 14-alternating current sensor, 15-vertical axis wind turbine, 16-filter plate, 17-filter screen, 18-water absorption material, 19-connection ring, 191-movable sealing ring, 20-outer teeth, 21-gear, 22-sealing groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with examples and drawings. The schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application, and do not limit the present application. It should be noted that the present application has been in the actual research and development stage.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] As shown in the figure, a rock bed unit system for high temperature energy storage includes a heating unit, a heat transfer unit, a heat storage unit 5 and a control unit. Figures 1 to 5

[0048] The heating unit includes an electric heater, a heat pump, a solar photovoltaic power generation device and / or a wind turbine, which is used to convert solar energy and / or wind energy into high temperature heat energy by taking air as a heat transfer fluid.

[0049] The heat transfer unit includes a pipe device for transporting high temperature heat energy, a steam generator and a turbine unit.

[0050] The heat storage unit 5 includes a storage tank for placing a heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium is rock.

[0051] The control unit includes a sensing module and a processing module, the sensing module includes a flow sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor, the sensing module transmits the collected data to the processing module, the processing module analyzes and processes the data in the background, and the sensing module and the processing module are electrically connected. When the supply of wind energy or solar energy is insufficient, the heat pump in the heating unit can directly utilize the low temperature heat energy in the air to generate high temperature heat energy, and the generated heat energy is transmitted to the rock in the heat storage unit 5 through the pipe device for storage, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient supply of renewable energy during energy storage.

[0052] ​The tank is also provided with a wire hole for the sensing module wiring to pass through, and various measuring devices in the sensing module are electrically connected with the processing module through the wire hole.

[0053] The rock bed tank of the present application is surrounded by an insulation layer, and then surrounded by a 4mm thick steel shell, to ensure a sealed internal environment, and hard insulation is required at the bottom and sides to structurally support the rock layer, and a 200mm soft insulation is used on the top of the rock layer, and a 100mm soft insulation layer is also installed on the outer surface of the steel shell.

[0054] The wind power generator is preferably a vertical shaft wind power generator 15, which is a vertical structure that can be winded in all directions, and can drive the wind wheel to rotate to generate electricity regardless of the direction of the incoming wind, thereby improving the utilization rate of wind energy and making the structure more safe and stable. The pipeline device is made of stainless steel, and an insulation layer 11 is arranged on the outer side of the pipeline device, and a vacuum layer is arranged between the insulation layer 11 and the pipeline device, so as to reduce the heat loss of high-temperature air in the conveying process and improve the energy utilization efficiency. The heat storage medium is rock, preferably magnetite concentrate, which has a large specific heat capacity and a high capacity of heat storage, can greatly improve the heat storage efficiency of the system, and has good physical stability and chemical stability, is not easy to break and decompose in the heat cycle process, is suitable for high-temperature heat storage, and has a long service life under continuous high temperature.

[0055] Renewable energy generation is greatly affected by season and sunshine duration, and has a strong dependence on time and season, and in some periods, photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation can meet the entire power demand; but in periods when solar energy and wind energy are insufficient, power supply will be insufficient, and imbalance between demand and production occurs, causing great fluctuations in electricity prices.

[0056] The flow sensor is used to measure the air flow passing through the pipeline device, the current sensor is used to measure the power generation, and the temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the key positions in the heating unit, the heat transfer unit and the heat storage unit 5.

[0057] The current sensor is multiple, and is arranged in the electric heater, the heat pump and the turbine set respectively; the flow sensor is arranged in the pipeline device; the temperature sensor is multiple, and is arranged in the heating unit, the storage tank and the pipeline device respectively. In addition, the processing module is preferably a computer platform. Since the sensing module is electrically connected with the processing module, the sensing module monitors the whole system in real time. When the abnormal data or the dangerous value is monitored, the processing module (i.e. the computer background) can make corresponding regulation and control according to the abnormal data.

[0058] It should be noted that the pipeline device comprises a fan 1, a control assembly and a water removal assembly. The fan 1 and the control assembly are electrically connected with the processing module, and the water removal assembly is embedded in the pipeline device. The solar photovoltaic power generation equipment switch, the wind turbine switch and the turbine set switch are electrically connected with the processing module, so that the above-mentioned equipment can be remotely regulated and controlled through the processing module. In the process of energy storage and release, the fan 1 can ensure the transportation flow direction of the high-temperature air, so as to prevent the air from flowing back. The control assembly can be a valve, which is used for adjusting the air passing amount and cooperates with the fan 1 to control the air flow speed. At the same time, the air contains a part of water vapor, and the water removal assembly embedded in the air inlet of the pipeline device can adsorb the water vapor in the air, so as to avoid that the long-term transportation of the air causes rust on the inner wall of the pipeline device.

[0059] As shown in Figure 5 The water removal assembly comprises at least two filter plates 16 provided with honeycomb-shaped through holes, and a filter screen 17 is further arranged between the two filter plates 16. The filter screen 17 is filled with a water absorbing material 18. The water absorbing material 18 is preferably quicklime, which can generate a part of heat energy while absorbing water. The water removal assembly further comprises an outer wall, which is annular and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipeline device, so that it can be embedded in the pipeline device. A handle is further arranged on the filter plate 16 close to the air inlet, so as to facilitate replacement. In addition, the honeycomb-shaped through holes arranged on the filter plate 16 can maximize the air flow speed, so that the flow speed of the air passing through the filter plate 16 is almost not affected.

[0060] When the energy is stored under the condition that the solar energy and the wind energy are sufficient, the surrounding air is heated by the electric heater and enters the pipeline device from the hot end 7 through the fan 1, and then the heat is transferred to the rock when the air is transported to the storage tank. When the energy is released, the fan 1 blows the outdoor air into the rock layer from the cold end 8, and the heat is transferred to the air by the rock in the storage tank, and then the air is transported to the steam generator and the turbine set through the pipeline device to realize the conversion of heat energy-mechanical energy-electric energy, and finally the electric energy is transported to the power grid. The special switch valves of the cold end and the hot end are respectively connected to the inlet and the outlet, which are used for controlling the air flow of the inlet and the outlet.

[0061] In addition, the inside of the tank is horizontally provided with an airtight separation plate 10 to divide the tank into at least two heat storage chambers, a plurality of the heat storage chambers are respectively communicated with a plurality of the pipeline devices, and a horizontal heat insulation plate 9 is arranged inside the heat storage chamber. Figure 2 As shown, the tank is divided into two heat storage chambers, and the heat storage functions of different heat storage chambers are independent of each other, that is, the pipeline devices are respectively communicated to collect high-temperature heat energy generated under different paths (1. high-temperature heat energy generated by solar energy or wind energy through an electric heater; 2. high-temperature heat energy directly converted from low-temperature heat source in the air by using a heat pump). The heat stored in the two heat storage chambers is different, which can meet different power supply requirements. At the same time, when the high-temperature gas is input into the tank, there is a large temperature gradient in the vertical direction, so the airtight separation plate 10 and the horizontal heat insulation plate 9 are arranged to prevent the vertical air flow, reduce the uneven gradient temperature distribution caused by buoyancy, and effectively reduce the heat energy loss at the outlet. The horizontal heat insulation plate 9 divides the heat storage chamber into upper and lower gas flow channels. Through experimental comparison, with the increase of the ratio of the height of the upper flow channel to the overall height of the heat storage chamber, the heat storage efficiency presents a trend of first rising and then falling. When the ratio is close to 0.1 and 0.9, the change trend is significant, and when the ratio is close to 0.5, the change rule is more gentle. Especially when the ratio of the height of the upper flow channel to the overall height of the heat storage chamber is 0.5, the heat storage efficiency reaches a peak value of 47.1%, and the heat storage performance is best. Therefore, the horizontal heat insulation plate 9 is preferably arranged in the middle of the heat storage chamber, so that the heights of the upper and lower flow channels are consistent.

[0062] As shown in FIG. 1, the tank is provided with a plurality of pipeline devices 2, and the pipeline devices 2 are respectively connected to the heat storage chambers. Figure 2 and Figures 6 to 8As shown, the tank section is circular, and a gear 21 is arranged below the tank, and the outer wall of the tank is further provided with external teeth 20 which are engaged with the gear 21. The pipeline device is provided with a connecting ring 19 at one end close to the tank, and the end surface of the connecting ring 19 close to the tank is provided with a movable sealing ring 191. The side wall of the tank close to the pipeline device is provided with a groove which cooperates with the connecting ring 19, and the groove is provided with a sealing groove 22 which cooperates with the movable sealing ring 191. The pipeline device further comprises a connecting pipe 61 and two groups of bypass pipes located at both ends of the tank. Each group of bypass pipes comprises two branch pipes, and one end of the two branch pipes in the same group is movably penetrated through the connecting ring 19 and is opposite to the end of the horizontal heat insulation plate 9. The other end of the two branch pipes in the same group is communicated through a bypass pipe, and the two bypass pipes are communicated through the connecting pipe 61, and the connecting pipe 61 is communicated with the gas inlet of the steam generator. The bypass pipes and the two branch pipes located on the same side are respectively provided with a second valve 202, a third valve 203, a first valve 201 and a fourth valve 204. The first valve 201 and the fourth valve 204 are respectively located on the two branch pipes, and the second valve 202 and the third valve 203 are located on the bypass pipes. The second valve 202 is located between the first valve 201 and the fourth valve 204, and the fourth valve 204 is located between the second valve 202 and the third valve 203. In order to facilitate the description of the flow direction of the airflow, the valves on the bypass pipes and the two branch pipes on the other side are named as a fifth valve 205, a sixth valve 206, a seventh valve 207 and an eighth valve 208.

[0063] It needs to be explained here that the gear 21 is connected with the external driving device, which can drive the storage tank to rotate in the process of rotating the gear 21. The connecting ring 19 is arranged at the connection between the heat storage chamber and the pipeline device. The movable sealing ring 191 is arranged on the end face of the connecting ring 19 close to the storage tank. The storage tank is arranged on the side wall close to the pipeline device. The sealing groove 22 matched with the movable sealing ring 191 is arranged on the side wall. The sealing groove 22 is arranged in a ring shape. The sealing groove 22 can ensure that the pipeline device remains fixed in the process of rotating the storage tank. The whole heat storage chamber is in a dynamic sealing state. The existing heat storage device or system can only realize single-thread working of heat storage and heat release (heat storage and heat release cannot be performed at the same time. The heat release needs to be completed before the heat storage is performed again). In the seasons when the supply of solar energy and wind energy is insufficient, the device can also store heat energy by heating air through a heat pump. The air-tight separation plate 10 in the device divides the storage tank into two heat storage chambers A and B (here, the initial upper half of the heat storage chamber is defined as A, and the initial lower half of the heat storage chamber is defined as B). The working of the two heat storage chambers is independent of each other. In the heat release process, the heat energy stored in the A heat storage chamber can be released first (that is, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205 and the eighth valve 208 are opened. Then, air is introduced from the cold end 8. After the air flows through the A heat storage chamber for heat exchange, the hot air is transmitted to the steam generator to generate mechanical energy. The steam generator is connected with the turbine set to drive the turbine set to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy). When the heat energy in the A heat storage chamber is insufficient to drive the steam generator to work to generate mechanical energy, all the valves are closed, the external driving device is started to drive the gear 21 to rotate, and the storage tank is rotated at the same time. When the rotation is stopped at 180°, the A heat storage chamber is rotated to the lower half, and the B heat storage chamber is rotated to the upper half. At this time, although the heat energy in the A heat storage chamber is insufficient to drive the steam generator to work, there is still residual heat. The first valve 201, the third valve 203, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205, the seventh valve 207 and the eighth valve 208 are opened. Then, the heat pump is started to heat air to be introduced from the hot end 7. At this time, the hot air flows through the A heat storage chamber which still has residual heat from the right lower branch pipe and heats the A heat storage chamber. After heat exchange, the cold air flows out from the left lower branch pipe and is transmitted to the B heat storage chamber through the left upper branch pipe and exchanges heat as a cold source. The heat energy in the B heat storage chamber is released (in this state, the A heat storage chamber performs heat storage at the same time as the B heat storage chamber performs heat release. The residual heat after the heat release of the A heat storage chamber is fully utilized. The energy efficiency of the heat pump for heating air is greatly saved. At the same time, the cold air which is the heat transfer medium after the heat exchange of the heat source flowing through the A heat storage chamber can further save energy). The thermocouple 4 can monitor the temperature in the heat storage chamber. When the temperature is insufficient, the external driving device is started to drive the gear 21 to rotate, so that the upper and lower heat storage chambers are exchanged. In this way, the device can realize continuous and uninterrupted energy supply.When the solar or wind energy supply is sufficient, the solar or wind energy is used to generate high-temperature heat energy, and the first valve 201, the second valve 202, the fourth valve 204, the fifth valve 205, the sixth valve 206, the seventh valve 207 and the eighth valve 208 are opened to store and release heat.

[0064] As shown in the drawings, the application also provides a method for using the rock bed unit system for high-temperature energy storage, comprising the following steps: Figure 4

[0065] S1: First, select the optimal heat storage medium according to the heat storage medium screening method;

[0066] S2: Then connect each functional unit or device in the rock bed unit system, generate electricity by solar photovoltaic power generation equipment and / or wind turbines using solar and / or wind energy, and use the generated electricity to drive an electric heater to generate high-temperature heat energy; or use a heat pump to directly convert low-temperature heat sources in the air into high-temperature heat energy;

[0067] S3: The high-temperature heat energy generated in step two is transmitted to the storage tank containing the heat storage rock selected in step one through the pipeline device with air as the heat transfer medium, and the heat energy is stored;

[0068] S4: When releasing heat, the heat energy stored in the storage tank in step three is also transmitted to the steam generator through the pipeline device with air as the heat transfer medium, and the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy by the steam generator, and the mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy by the turbine unit, and the obtained electrical energy is finally output to the power grid.

[0069] In step S1, the heat storage medium screening method is as follows:

[0070] S11: According to the data collected, the specific heat capacity of different mineral rocks is determined, and the potential rock types are determined, and the calorimetric measurement is performed on the rock samples of different types to determine the overall heat capacity of the samples;

[0071] S12: Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the samples in step S11 is performed using a thin section and a polarizing microscope;

[0072] S13: Test the physical stability of the rock samples in step S12 at high temperature, heat all samples to 600°C and 800°C in a high-temperature furnace in different experiments at a heating rate of 20°C / min, and all samples are kept at a peak temperature of 600°C for 47 hours and at a peak temperature of 800°C for 64 hours;

[0073] S14: Take out all samples in step S13 and cool them at room temperature;

[0074] ​S15: Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the sample from step S14 using lamellas and polarized light microscopy, micro x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and electron microprobe analysis to determine potential chemical changes in the mineral phases;

[0075] S16: Based on the results of the examination from step S15, a rock is selected which is stable in its physical and chemical properties as a heat storage medium.

[0076] The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is further explained in connection with the following figures, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of a heat storage system according to the present application; Figure 17

Claims

1. A rock bed generator system for high-temperature energy storage, characterized in that: It includes a heating unit, a heat transfer unit, a heat storage unit (5), and a control unit; The heating unit includes an electric heater, a heat pump, a solar photovoltaic power generation device and / or a wind turbine, used to use air as a heat transfer fluid to convert solar and / or wind energy into high-temperature heat energy; The heat transfer unit includes a pipeline system for transporting high-temperature heat energy, a steam generator, and a turbine unit. The thermal storage unit (5) includes a storage tank for placing a thermal storage medium, wherein the thermal storage medium is rock; The control unit includes a sensing module and a processing module. The sensing module includes a flow sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor. The sensing module transmits the collected data to the processing module, which analyzes and processes the data in the background. The sensing module and the processing module are electrically connected. The pipeline device includes a fan (1), a control component and a water removal component. The fan (1) and the control component are electrically connected to the processing module, and the water removal component is embedded in the pipeline device. The storage tank is horizontally provided with an airtight separation plate (10) to divide the storage tank into at least two heat storage chambers. The heat storage chambers are respectively connected to the pipeline devices, and a horizontal heat insulation plate (9) is provided inside the heat storage chamber. The storage tank has a circular cross-section and a gear (21) is provided below the storage tank. The outer wall of the storage tank is also provided with external teeth (20) that mesh with the gear (21). A connecting ring (19) is provided at one end of the pipeline device near the storage tank. A movable sealing ring (191) is provided on the end face of the connecting ring (19) near the storage tank. A groove that mates with the connecting ring (19) is provided on the side wall of the storage tank near the pipeline device. A sealing groove (22) that mates with the movable sealing ring (191) is provided in the groove. The piping system also includes a connecting pipe (61) and two sets of bypass pipes located at both ends of the storage tank. Each set of bypass pipes consists of two branch pipes, and one end of each of the two branch pipes in the same set is movably connected through the connecting ring (19) and faces the end of the horizontal heat insulation plate (9). The other ends of the two branch pipes in the same set are connected through the bypass pipe, and the two bypass pipes are connected through the connecting pipe (61). The connecting pipe (61) is connected to the air inlet of the steam generator. A second valve (202), a third valve (203), a first valve (201), and a fourth valve (204) are respectively provided on the bypass pipe and the two branch pipes on the same side. The first valve (201) and the fourth valve (204) are respectively located on the two branch pipes. The second valve (202) and the third valve (203) are located on the bypass pipe. The second valve (202) is located between the first valve (201) and the fourth valve (204), and the fourth valve (204) is located between the second valve (202) and the third valve (203).

2. The rock bed generator system for high-temperature energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current sensors are multiple and are respectively installed in the electric heater, heat pump and turbine unit; the flow sensor is installed in the pipeline device; the temperature sensors are multiple and are respectively installed in the heating unit, storage tank and pipeline device.

3. A rock bed generator system for high-temperature energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water removal assembly includes at least two filter plates (16) with honeycomb-shaped through holes, and a filter screen (17) is provided between the two filter plates (16), and the filter screen (17) is filled with water-absorbing material (18).

4. A rock bed generator system for high-temperature energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the storage tank is provided with a heat insulation layer (11), and a vacuum layer is provided between the heat insulation layer (11) and the storage tank.

5. A method of using a rock bed generator system for high-temperature energy storage according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: First, select the optimal heat storage medium according to the screening method for heat storage medium; S2: Then connect the various functional units or equipment in the rock bed unit system, and use solar and / or wind energy to generate electricity through solar photovoltaic power generation equipment and / or wind turbines. The generated electricity drives electric heaters to generate high-temperature heat energy; or use heat pumps to directly convert low-temperature heat sources in the air into high-temperature heat energy. S3: The high-temperature heat energy generated in step two is transferred to the storage tank containing the heat storage rocks screened in step one through the pipeline device using air as the heat transfer medium to store the heat energy. S4: During heat release, the heat energy stored in the tank in step three is also transferred to the steam generator through the pipeline device using air as the heat transfer medium. The steam generator converts the heat energy into mechanical energy, and the turbine unit then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. The resulting electrical energy is finally output to the power grid.

6. The method of using the rock bed generator system for high-temperature energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for selecting the heat storage medium is as follows: S11: Collect specific heat capacity of different minerals and rocks based on data, determine potential rock types, and perform calorimetric measurements on different types of rock samples to determine the overall heat capacity of the samples; S12: Perform macroscopic and microscopic examinations on the sample from step S11 using a thin section and polarizing microscope; S13: Test the physical stability of the rock samples in step S12 at high temperature. In different experiments, all samples were heated to 600°C and 800°C in a high-temperature furnace at a heating rate of 20°C / min. All samples were held at the peak temperature of 600°C for 47 hours and then at 800°C for 64 hours. S14: Remove all samples from step S13 and cool them at room temperature; S15: Perform macroscopic and microscopic examinations on the sample from step S14 again using a thin section and polarizing microscope; S16: Based on the inspection results obtained in step S15, select the best rock as the heat storage medium.

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