Reducing smelting device

Abstract

The application provides a reduction smelting device. The reduction smelting device comprises a molten bath reaction zone, a gas phase reaction zone and at least one top combustion injection device, the molten bath reaction zone is provided with at least one side blowing port and at least one molten bath discharging port; the gas phase reaction zone is provided with at least one first feeding port and a smoke outlet, the molten bath reaction zone and the gas phase reaction zone are communicated, and the height of the bottom of the gas phase reaction zone is higher than the height of the top of the molten bath reaction zone, and the first feeding port is used for adding a mineral material to be smelted; and the top combustion injection device is used for injecting oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel into the gas phase reaction zone. The reduction device can improve the molten bath temperature, improve the fuel utilization efficiency and reduce the fuel unit consumption.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to copper-nickel sulfide ore smelting, and in particular to a reduction smelting device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The side-blown smelting technology is widely used in copper-nickel sulfide ore smelting, laterite nickel ore smelting, solid waste disposal, zinc residue treatment and other fields. In the production practice of the traditional side-blown reduction smelting, in order to protect the reducing atmosphere in the molten pool, insufficient amount of fuel, reducing agent and insufficient amount of oxygen-enriched air are introduced into the molten pool area of the side-blown furnace through the side-blown tuyere, and a large amount of incompletely combusted CO, CH4 and other gases are formed in the upper gas phase area of the side-blown furnace. Although the secondary combustion of these incompletely combusted gas media can be achieved by the introduction of secondary air and tertiary air through the secondary air port or the tertiary air port, the heat of the flue gas cannot be effectively utilized for the temperature increase of the molten pool, and the consumption of fuel such as coal powder is large. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a reduction smelting device to solve the problem that the existing molten pool smelting device, although the secondary combustion of incompletely combusted gas media can be achieved by the introduction of secondary air and tertiary air through the secondary air port or the tertiary air port, the heat of the flue gas cannot be effectively utilized for the temperature increase of the molten pool, and the consumption of fuel such as coal powder is large.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a reduction smelting device, which comprises a molten pool reaction zone, a gas phase reaction zone and at least one top combustion injection device, the molten pool reaction zone is provided with at least one side-blown port and at least one molten metal discharge port; the gas phase reaction zone is provided with at least one first charging port and a flue gas outlet, the molten pool reaction zone and the gas phase reaction zone are communicated, and the height of the bottom of the gas phase reaction zone is higher than the height of the top of the molten pool reaction zone, the first charging port is used for adding the mineral material to be smelted; the top combustion injection device is used for injecting oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel into the gas phase reaction zone.

[0005] Further, the gas phase reaction zone is vertically arranged above the molten pool reaction zone.

[0006] Further, the top combustion injection device is arranged at the top of the gas phase reaction zone; preferably, the angle between the injection direction of the top combustion injection device and the vertical direction is -10-10°.

[0007] Further, the top combustion injection device is a single-channel lance or a multi-channel lance comprising a combustion-supporting gas channel and a fuel channel arranged coaxially, and the outlet end of the top combustion injection device is immersed in the gas phase reaction zone.

[0008] Further, the height of the outlet end of the top combustion injection device from the liquid level of the molten pool reaction zone is 0.5-1.5 m.

[0009] Further, the molten bath reaction zone further comprises at least one side-blown injection device, the side-blown injection device enters the molten bath reaction zone through a side-blown port, the outlet end of the side-blown injection device is submerged below the liquid level of the molten bath, and the side-blown injection device has an angle of 0-10° with the horizontal direction to spray oxygen and / or fuel into the molten bath reaction zone.

[0010] Further, the side-blown injection device is a single-channel lance or a multi-channel lance comprising coaxially arranged combustion-supporting gas channels and fuel channels; preferably, the oxygen consumption per ton of side-blown raw material is 150-300 Nm 3 / t.

[0011] Further, the reduction smelting device comprises a molten bath discharging zone located outside the molten bath reaction zone and a partition wall separating the molten bath reaction zone from the molten bath discharging zone.

[0012] Further, the oxygen enrichment concentration of the molten bath reaction zone and the gas phase reaction zone is 60-80%, and the oxygen amount in the molten bath reaction zone is lower than the theoretical oxygen demand for complete combustion, and the oxygen amount in the gas phase reaction zone is higher than the theoretical oxygen demand for complete combustion.

[0013] Further, the pressure of the molten bath reaction zone is 1.2-1.4 bar, and the pressure of the gas phase reaction zone is 0.1-4 bar.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present application, the reactant material enters the molten bath reaction zone through the first charging port and is subjected to side-blown reduction smelting, and the un-combusted CO and CH4 and the like gas escapes upward into the gas phase reaction zone. By means of the top combustion injection device, oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel are sprayed into the gas phase reaction zone, so that the un-combusted gas is subjected to complete combustion. At the same time, the top combustion injection device sprays oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel, which generates a certain pressure, and under the driving of the pressure, the flue gas after combustion covers the molten bath surface again, the heat in the flue gas is fully exchanged with the bubbles in the vigorously stirred molten bath, and then the heat is transmitted back to the molten bath when the flue gas falls back to the molten bath reaction zone, so that the temperature of the molten bath can be increased, and this process can improve the fuel utilization efficiency and reduce the fuel consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting a part of the specification of the present application serve to provide a further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof serve to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the side-blown smelting device provided for a preferred embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2A structure schematic diagram of a side-blown smelting device is provided for another preferred embodiment of the present application.

[0018] In the above drawings, the following reference signs are used:

[0019] 10, molten bath reaction zone; 101, side-blown port; 102, molten bath discharge port; 20, gas phase reaction zone; 201, first charging port; 202, smoke outlet; 203, second charging port; 30, top combustion injection device; 40, molten bath discharge zone; 50, partition wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0021] As described in the background, the existing molten bath smelting device can perform secondary combustion on the un-combusted gas medium through the secondary air or the tertiary air, but cannot effectively utilize the heat of the flue gas for the temperature increase of the molten bath, and has the problem of large consumption of the fuel such as coal powder. In order to solve the above technical problem, the present application provides a reduction smelting device, as shown in Figure 1 and 2 The reduction smelting device comprises a molten bath reaction zone 10, a gas phase reaction zone 20, and at least one top combustion injection device 30. The molten bath reaction zone 10 is provided with at least one side-blown port 101 and at least one molten bath discharge port 102; the gas phase reaction zone 20 is provided with at least one first charging port 201 and a smoke outlet 202, the molten bath reaction zone 10 and the gas phase reaction zone 20 are communicated, and the height of the bottom of the gas phase reaction zone 20 is higher than the height of the top of the molten bath reaction zone 10, the first charging port 201 is used for adding the ore to be smelted; and the top combustion injection device 30 is used for injecting the gas containing oxygen and / or fuel into the gas phase reaction zone 20.

[0022] The reaction materials enter the molten pool reaction zone 10 through the first feed port 201 and are subjected to side-blowing reduction smelting. Incompletely burned gases such as CO and CH4 escape upward and enter the gas phase reaction zone 20. Oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel are sprayed into the gas phase reaction zone 20 through the top combustion injection device 30, so that the above-mentioned incompletely reacted gases can be fully burned. At the same time, since the top combustion injection device 30 generates a certain pressure when spraying oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel, driven by the pressure, the flue gas after combustion covers the surface of the molten pool again, and the heat in the flue gas is fully exchanged with the foam in the violently stirred molten pool, and then the heat is transferred back to the melt after it falls back to the molten pool reaction zone 10, thereby increasing the temperature of the molten pool, and this process can improve fuel utilization efficiency and reduce fuel consumption per unit. (In the electric furnace smelting process, since the material in the molten pool is in a nearly static state, it cannot play the role of increasing the smelting temperature through heat exchange)

[0023] As long as the above objectives can be met, the gas phase reaction zone 20 can be of any geometrical configuration and height. In order to further increase the rate of flue gas flow to the gas phase reaction zone 20 and improve the efficiency of heat exchange, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, preferably, the gas phase reaction zone 20 is vertically arranged above the molten pool reaction zone 10.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the top-burning injection device 30 is disposed at the top of the gas-phase reaction zone 20. This increases the contact area between the oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel and the unreacted gas in the molten pool smelting zone, thereby improving combustion efficiency. More preferably, the injection direction of the top-burning injection device 30 is at an angle of -10 to 10° relative to the vertical.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the top combustion injection device 30 is a single-channel lance, and the outlet end of the top combustion injection device 30 is immersed in the gas-phase reaction zone 20. When the top combustion injection device 30 is a single-channel lance, oxygen-containing gas (oxygen or oxygen-enriched air) is sprayed into the gas-phase reaction zone 20 through the top combustion injection device 30, and fuel is directly added to the gas-phase reaction zone 20 through the second feeding port, or fuel is sprayed into the gas-phase reaction zone 20 through an additional lance. Immersing the outlet end of the first injection in the gas-phase reaction zone 20 can agitate the gas in the gas-phase reaction zone 20, thereby further improving the combustion efficiency and the efficiency of heat supplement to the molten pool reaction zone 10.

[0026] In another preferred embodiment, the top combustion injection device 30 is a multi-channel lance comprising a combustion-supporting gas channel and a fuel channel arranged coaxially, and the outlet end of the top combustion injection device 30 is immersed in the gas phase reaction zone 20. In order to improve combustion efficiency, the fuel channel is preferably arranged inside the combustion-supporting gas channel. The fuel enters the gas phase reaction zone 20 by gravity, and the combustion-supporting gas enters the gas phase reaction zone 20 at a speed of 20-200 m / s.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the height of the outlet end of the top combustion injection device 30 from the surface of the molten bath in the molten bath reaction zone 10 is 0.5-1.5 m. The height of the outlet end of the top combustion injection device 30 includes but is not limited to the above range, and limiting it to the above range can reduce the soot rate while achieving top combustion and heating the molten bath.

[0028] In yet another preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, an oxygen-containing gas (oxygen or oxygen-enriched air) enters the gas phase reaction zone 20 through the top combustion injection device 30, and fuel is added to the gas phase reaction zone 20 through the second feeding port 203 to achieve top combustion. Figure 2

[0029] In order to further improve the reduction depth of the molten bath reaction zone 10, in a preferred embodiment, the molten bath reaction zone 10 further comprises at least one side injection device, the side injection device enters the molten bath reaction zone 10 through the side injection port 101, the outlet end of the side injection device is immersed below the liquid surface of the molten bath, and the angle between the side injection device and the horizontal direction is 0-10° to inject oxygen and / or fuel into the molten bath reaction zone 10.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the side injection device is a single-channel lance. In another preferred embodiment, the side injection device is a multi-channel lance comprising a combustion-supporting gas channel and a fuel channel arranged coaxially.

[0031] When the side injection device is a single-channel lance, the molten bath reaction zone 10 is maintained in a reducing atmosphere by controlling the ratio of the oxygen content in the combustion-supporting gas in the side injection lance to the amount of fuel added from the first feeding port 201. When the side injection device is a multi-channel lance, the molten bath reaction zone 10 is maintained in a reducing atmosphere by controlling the ratio of the oxygen content in the combustion-supporting gas in the combustion-supporting gas channel to the amount of fuel in the fuel channel. Preferably, the amount of oxygen required per ton of side injection raw material is 150-300 Nm 3 / t.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the reduction smelting device comprises a molten bath discharge zone 40 and a partition wall 50, the molten bath discharge zone 40 is located outside the molten bath reaction zone 10, and the partition wall 50 is used to separate the molten bath reaction zone 10 from the molten bath discharge zone 40. Preferably, the partition wall 50 extends 100-300 mm below the molten slag layer. ​

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the oxygen concentration of the molten bath reaction zone 10 and the gas phase reaction zone 20 is 60-80%, and the amount of oxygen in the molten bath reaction zone 10 is less than the theoretical amount of oxygen required for complete combustion, and the amount of oxygen in the gas phase reaction zone 20 is greater than the theoretical amount of oxygen required for complete combustion.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure of the molten bath reaction zone 10 is 1.2-1.4 bar, and the pressure of the gas phase reaction zone 20 is 0.1-4 bar. Limiting the pressure of the molten bath reaction zone 10 to the above range enables as much oxygen as possible to be immersed in the molten bath, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the fuel. Limiting the pressure of the gas phase reaction zone 20 to the above range is beneficial for further improving the flue gas in the gas phase reaction zone 20 entering the molten bath reaction zone 10 and exchanging heat with it, thereby further reducing the consumption of fuel.

[0035] The application will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the application claimed.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A side-blown top-combustion reduction smelting laterite ore device, as shown in Figure 1 , includes the following parts:

[0038] (1) Molten bath reaction zone 10:

[0039] The side-blown tuyere zone has a length of 9600 mm, a width of 2500 mm, a total height of the hearth of 7500 mm, a nickel matte liquid surface height of 500 m, and a slag layer thickness of 800 mm.

[0040] The side walls of the reaction zone are provided with side-blown injection devices (multi-channel side-blown submerged lances) 28, each lance has an air supply amount of 800 Nm 3 / h, an oxygen-enriched concentration of 50%-90%, and a pressure of 250 kPa-400 kPa, and each lance has a coal injection amount of 300-500 kg / h.

[0041] (2) Gas phase reaction zone 20:

[0042] It is provided with a first charging port 201 for adding ore; it also includes three top-combustion injection devices 30 (multi-channel top-combustion lances), each top-combustion injection device 30 has a charging amount of 10-50 t / h (a mixture of coal and ore), each top-combustion injection device 30 has an outer sleeve that introduces an oxygen-enriched air amount of 1000-3000 Nm 3 / h, an oxygen-enriched concentration of 60-80%, and a lance pressure of 30 kPa-800 kPa; it is provided with a smoke outlet 202, which is 3.8 x 2.5 m.

[0043] (3) Set 2 melt discharge port 102, one is normal discharge port, one is accident discharge port.

[0044] (4) mixed melt discharge area 40 and gas phase reaction zone 20 with partition wall 50, partition wall 50 goes into 100mm-300mm below slag layer.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A side blowing top combustion lead slag reduction device, comprising the following parts:

[0047] (1) the melt reaction zone 10:

[0048] Side blowing eye area length 7000mm, width 2500mm, hearth total height 6000mm, lead slag liquid level height 500-1500mm, lead layer thickness 100-400mm;

[0049] Reaction zone side wall sets up side blowing injection device (multi-channel side blowing submerged lance) 18, each air supply amount 400-600Nm 3 / h, oxygen enrichment concentration 50%, pressure 250-400kPa, each wind gun natural gas into 50-100Nm 3 / h.

[0050] (2) gas phase reaction zone 20:

[0051] Reaction zone is provided with first feeding port 201, first feeding port 201 is used for adding mineral aggregate; still includes 1 top combustion injection device 30 (multi-channel top combustion lance), single top combustion injection device 30's feeding amount 10-30t / h (mineral aggregate and coal mixture), outer sleeve pipe passes into 1000-2000Nm 3 / h, oxygen enrichment concentration 60-80%, wind gun pressure 30kPa-800kPa;Through feeding port, add 1.5-3t block coal per hour;Set up smoke outlet 202, 3.8x2.5m.

[0052] (3) set slag discharge port 2 (normal slag discharge port 1, accident slag discharge port 1), lead discharge port (melt discharge port 102) 1.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A side blowing top combustion reduction smelting laterite device, comprising the following parts:

[0055] (1) the melt reaction zone 10:

[0056] Side blowing eye area length 10200mm, width 2500mm, hearth total height 7500mm, nickel matte liquid level height 500m, slag layer thickness 800mm;

[0057] Reaction zone side wall is provided with side blowing injection device (multi-channel side blowing submerged air gun) 30, air supply amount in each air gun is 800Nm 3 / h, oxygen enrichment concentration is 40%~80%, pressure is 200kPa~400kPa, and coal powder injection amount in each air gun is 200~400kg / h.

[0058] (2) gas phase reaction zone 20:

[0059] The reaction zone is provided with first feeding port 201 and second feeding port 203, the first feeding port 201 is used for adding mineral aggregate, and the second feeding port 203 is used for adding fuel. A top combustion injection device 30 (single-channel fuel gun) is further arranged at the side of each second feeding port 203, the feeding amount of a single second feeding port 203 is 10~50t / h, and the oxygen-enriched air amount of a single top combustion injection device 30 is 1000~3000Nm 3 / h, oxygen enrichment concentration is 50~60%, air gun pressure is 30kPa~800kPa; one smoke outlet 202 is arranged, and the size is 3.8*2.8m.

[0060] (3) two slag discharge ports (one normal slag discharge port and one accident slag discharge port) and one nickel matte discharge port (melt discharge port 102) are arranged.

[0061] (4) the mixed melt discharge zone 40 is separated from the gas phase reaction zone 20 by a partition wall 50, and the partition wall 50 extends into the slag layer by 100mm~300mm.

[0062] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects: the reaction material enters the molten pool reaction zone through the first feeding port and is subjected to side blowing reduction smelting, and the un-combusted CO and CH4 and the like gas escapes upward into the gas phase reaction zone. The top combustion injection device is used to spray the gas containing oxygen and / or fuel into the gas phase reaction zone, so that the above-mentioned un-combusted gas can be fully combusted. At the same time, the top combustion injection device sprays the gas containing oxygen and / or fuel, which will generate a certain pressure, and under the driving of the pressure, the flue gas after combustion covers the surface of the molten pool again, the heat in the flue gas is fully exchanged with the bubbles in the molten pool which is stirred violently, and then the heat is transmitted back to the melt when the bubbles fall back to the molten pool reaction zone, so that the temperature of the molten pool can be increased, and the fuel utilization efficiency can be improved, and the fuel consumption can be reduced.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that described herein.

[0064] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. The present application can be variously changed and modified by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A reduction smelting device, characterized in that: The reduction smelting device comprises: A molten pool reaction zone (10), wherein the molten pool reaction zone (10) is provided with at least one side blowing port (101) and at least one melt discharge port (102); A gas phase reaction zone (20), wherein the gas phase reaction zone (20) is provided with at least one first feeding port (201) and a smoke outlet (202), the molten pool reaction zone (10) is connected to the gas phase reaction zone (20), and the height of the bottom of the gas phase reaction zone (20) is higher than the height of the top of the molten pool reaction zone (10), and the first feeding port (201) is used for adding ore to be smelted; at least one top combustion injection device (30), the top combustion injection device (30) being used to inject oxygen-containing gas and / or fuel into the gas phase reaction zone (20); The top combustion injection device (30) is arranged at the top of the gas phase reaction zone (20); the top combustion injection device (30) is a single-channel spray gun or a multi-channel spray gun including a coaxially arranged combustion-supporting gas channel and a fuel channel, and the outlet end of the top combustion injection device (30) is immersed in the gas phase reaction zone (20); the height of the outlet end of the top combustion injection device (30) is 0.5 to 1.5 m from the liquid level of the gas phase reaction zone (20); the pressure of the molten pool reaction zone (10) is 1.2 to 1.4 bar, and the pressure of the gas phase reaction zone (20) is 0.1 to 4 bar.

2. The reduction smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas phase reaction zone (20) is vertically arranged on the top of the molten pool reaction zone (10).

3. The reduction smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the injection direction of the top combustion injection device (30) and the vertical direction is -10 to 10 degrees.

4. The reduction smelting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The molten pool reaction zone (10) further includes at least one side-blowing injection device, which enters the molten pool reaction zone (10) through the side-blowing port (101), wherein the outlet end of the side-blowing injection device is immersed below the liquid surface of the melt, and the angle between the side-blowing injection device and the horizontal direction is 0 to 10 degrees, so as to inject oxygen and / or fuel into the molten pool reaction zone (10).

5. The reduction smelting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side-blowing injection device is a single-channel spray gun or a multi-channel spray gun including a coaxially arranged combustion-supporting gas channel and a fuel channel.

6. The reduction smelting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of oxygen required for each ton of side-blown raw material is 150-300 Nm 3 / t.

7. The reduction smelting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction smelting device comprises: a melt discharge zone (40) and a partition wall (50), wherein the melt discharge zone (40) is located outside the molten pool reaction zone (10), and the partition wall (50) is used to separate the molten pool reaction zone (10) from the melt discharge zone (40).

8. The reduction smelting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oxygen enrichment concentrations of the molten pool reaction zone (10) and the gas phase reaction zone (20) are both 60-80%, and according to stoichiometric calculations, the amount of oxygen in the molten pool reaction zone (10) is lower than the theoretical oxygen demand required for complete combustion, and the amount of oxygen in the gas phase reaction zone (20) is higher than the theoretical oxygen demand required for complete combustion.

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