A high efficiency cooling tower

Abstract

This application relates to the field of flue gas treatment equipment, specifically to a high-efficiency cooling tower, comprising a tower shell with a cooling chamber, a protective layer on the inner wall of the cooling chamber, and cooling components disposed within the cooling chamber. The cooling components include multiple layers of cooling units arranged vertically. Each cooling unit includes a support frame and cooling pipes mounted on the support frame. The cooling pipes extend spirally from the inlet end to the outlet end, and then from the inlet to the outlet end. The cross-section of the cooling pipes is rectangular, and the long side of the cross-section is inclined to the horizontal plane. The top of the tower shell has a flue gas outlet, and the bottom has a flue gas inlet. High-temperature flue gas enters the cooling chamber through the flue gas inlet via the flue gas pipes, passes sequentially through each cooling unit, and exits from the flue gas outlet. This high-efficiency cooling tower provides excellent cooling performance and is resistant to corrosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of flue gas treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency cooling tower. Background Technology

[0002] During some chemical processing or material incineration, waste gases (such as flue gas) are emitted. These flue gases contain oxides of nitrogen, chlorine or sulfur, as well as some dust particles, which can form acid rain and cause harm to the environment or human health. Therefore, these flue gases need to be treated.

[0003] Typically, these flue gases are treated by spraying. The water or alkaline solution at the spray point absorbs the nitrogen, chlorine, or sulfur oxides in the flue gas and can also adsorb some dust particles.

[0004] In existing technologies, spray towers are commonly used to spray flue gas. However, flue gas discharged from blast furnaces or incinerators is often at a very high temperature. If it comes into direct contact with the sprayed water or solution, it will evaporate and vaporize, producing high-temperature acidic liquids or gases, which can easily corrode the spray tower. Therefore, appropriate cooling equipment is required. However, existing methods for cooling flue gas include using long pipes for natural cooling, mixing low-temperature gas with the flue gas for cooling, or spraying the flue gas. However, natural cooling through long pipes is inefficient and requires a large amount of space. Mixing low-temperature gas with the flue gas for cooling increases the burden on the spray tower, while direct spraying can also easily lead to equipment corrosion.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a high-efficiency cooling tower. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, this application provides a high-efficiency cooling tower.

[0007] The high-efficiency cooling tower provided in this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0008] A high-efficiency cooling tower includes a tower shell with a cooling cavity, a protective layer on the inner wall of the cooling cavity, and a cooling assembly inside the cooling cavity. The cooling assembly includes multiple cooling units arranged vertically. Each cooling unit includes a support and a cooling pipe mounted on the support. The cooling pipe extends spirally from the inlet end to the outlet end, and then from the inlet to the outlet end. The cross-section of the cooling pipe is rectangular, and the long side of the cross-section is inclined to the horizontal plane. The top of the tower shell has a flue gas outlet, and the bottom has a flue gas inlet. High-temperature flue gas enters the cooling cavity through the flue gas inlet and passes sequentially through each of the cooling units upwards before being discharged from the flue gas outlet.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the spirally arranged cooling pipes can achieve uniform distribution of flue gas. The cross-section of the cooling pipes is rectangular, and the length of the cooling pipes is inclined to the horizontal plane, which increases the contact area between the cooling pipes and the flue gas. The inclined contact surface also slows down the flow of the flue gas, allowing for a longer contact time between the flue gas and the cooling pipes, providing sufficient heat exchange time and achieving a good heat exchange effect. In addition, the cooling chamber uses a dry cooling method to cool the flue gas. During the cooling process, acidic liquids are less likely to be generated in the cooling chamber, thus reducing the risk of acidic liquids adhering to the components inside the cooling chamber and causing corrosion. In particular, the design of the high-efficiency cooling tower eliminates the need for a pre-cooling section in the subsequent spray tower, reducing the size of the spray tower and resulting in a smaller water head and good energy-saving effect.

[0010] Specifically, the middle part of the tower shell is formed into a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is provided with a through hole structure suitable for the pipe inlet end and the pipe outlet end to pass through. The upper part of the tower shell is formed into an upper bell jar structure that gradually narrows from bottom to top, and the flue gas outlet is located on the upper bell jar structure. The lower part of the tower shell is formed into a lower bell jar structure that gradually narrows from top to bottom, the flue gas inlet is located on the lower bell jar structure, and the lower part of the lower bell jar structure is provided with an ash outlet.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper bell jar structure can facilitate the collection and discharge of flue gas, while the lower bell jar structure can facilitate the collection of soot (dust particles) that fall into the flue gas and discharge them through the ash outlet.

[0012] Specifically, the protective layer includes a lower protective layer that can cover the surface of the lower bell-shaped structure, and a middle protective layer that can cover the surface of the cylindrical structure. Both the lower protective layer and the middle protective layer are ceramic material molded parts.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a lower protective layer and a middle protective layer made of ceramic material, the outer shell of the tower in the high-temperature area near the flue gas inlet can be protected by the protective layer, making it less prone to thermal erosion or corrosion.

[0014] Furthermore, the central protective layer includes a cylindrical vertical wall structure and multiple annular structures arranged from top to bottom on the vertical wall structure. The vertical wall structure is provided with through holes suitable for the pipe inlet end and the pipe outlet end to pass through. The outer side of the annular structure is connected to the vertical wall structure, and the annular structure is inclined downward from its outer side to its inner side.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the annular structure can slow down the flue gas to a certain extent, and can also guide some of the flue gas rising along the vertical wall structure back to the cooling pipe, thereby achieving a good flue gas cooling effect. In addition, the soot that settles in the flue gas is not easy to adhere to the annular structure, and will slide off the annular structure into the lower bell jar structure.

[0016] Specifically, the angle between the length direction of the cross-section of the cooling pipe and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 60°, and the long side of the cross-section of the cooling pipe extends from the middle of the cooling cavity to the interior of the cooling cavity from bottom to top.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the angle design of the cooling pipe can ensure that there is sufficient heat exchange time between the flue gas and the cooling pipe, facilitate the flow of flue gas, and make the flue gas form a flow path from the cooling pipe to the vertical wall structure and then back to the cooling pipe and then continue to rise, so as to achieve a better cooling effect.

[0018] Optionally, the cooling pipe extends spirally upward from the outside to the inside from the pipe inlet end, and then extends from the inside to the outside until it connects to the pipe outlet end.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the cooling pipe has a sufficient channel area suitable for flue gas flow, while also enabling the cooling pipe to have more turns, that is, to have a larger area for heat exchange with the flue gas, thereby improving the efficiency of cooling the flue gas.

[0020] Optionally, the cooling unit is configured to be at least two, and cooling oil flows in the cooling pipe near the flue gas inlet, while cooling water flows in the cooling pipe near the flue gas outlet.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, different refrigerants are used for different temperature ranges, which can prevent the refrigerant in the cooling pipe from vaporizing and causing excessive internal pressure, leakage, or explosion.

[0022] Specifically, the bottom of the cooling chamber is provided with a gas equalization unit connected to the flue gas duct. The gas equalization unit includes a gas equalization duct that spirals from the outside to the inside from the outlet of the flue gas duct. An outlet groove is provided on the side of the gas equalization duct near the flue gas outlet. The width of the outlet groove gradually increases from one end near the inlet of the gas equalization duct to the end away from the inlet of the gas equalization duct.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas can be evenly distributed, and the gas output of each section of the gas distribution pipeline can be relatively uniform, resulting in a better gas distribution effect.

[0024] Furthermore, the air outlet groove is also provided with a dust baffle plate arranged along the trajectory of the air outlet groove. The width of the dust baffle plate is greater than the width of the air outlet groove. The dust baffle plate is configured as an arc-shaped plate or folded plate with a cross-section that gradually bulges from both sides to the middle along its own width direction. The dust baffle plate is connected to the air equalization pipe via a connecting column.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, it is possible to prevent falling soot from entering the gas equalization pipeline and causing blockage.

[0026] Furthermore, the diameter of the gas equalization unit is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular structure, and an ash-containing cavity suitable for containing soot is formed between the bottom of the gas equalization unit and the lower protective layer.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the formed ash-containing cavity can hold a certain amount of ash, thus eliminating the need for frequent cleaning of the ash in the cooling cavity, and allowing ash falling from the annular structure to easily fall into the ash-containing cavity, facilitating ash collection.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. The spirally arranged cooling pipes serve to evenly distribute the flue gas. The cross-section of the cooling pipes is rectangular, and the long side of the cooling pipes is inclined to the horizontal plane, which increases the contact area between the cooling pipes and the flue gas. The inclined contact surface with the flue gas has a certain slowing effect on the flue gas, thus allowing the flue gas to be in contact with the cooling pipes for a longer time and sufficient heat exchange time, thereby achieving a good heat exchange effect and realizing efficient heat exchange.

[0030] 2. The flue gas is cooled in a dry manner. During the cooling process, acidic liquids are less likely to be generated in the cooling chamber, thus reducing the likelihood of acidic liquids adhering to the components inside the cooling chamber and causing corrosion. In particular, the design of the high-efficiency cooling tower eliminates the need for a pre-cooling section in the subsequent spray tower, reducing the size of the spray tower and resulting in a smaller water head and good energy-saving effect. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front view of a high-efficiency cooling tower according to this application.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional schematic diagram of a high-efficiency cooling tower according to this application.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged sectional view along the AA direction.

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Enlarged sectional view along the BB direction.

[0035] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged sectional view along the CC direction.

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region D.

[0037] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Outer shell of the tower; 11. Flue gas outlet; 12. Flue gas inlet; 13. Ash outlet; 2. Protective layer; 21. Lower protective layer; 22. Middle protective layer; 221. Vertical wall structure; 222. Annular structure; 3. Cooling unit; 31. Support; 32. Cooling pipe; 321. Pipe inlet end; 322. Pipe outlet end; 41. Gas distribution pipe; 411. Gas outlet trough; 412. Dust baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0039] This application discloses a high-efficiency cooling tower.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-efficiency cooling tower includes a tower shell 1 forming a cooling chamber, a protective layer 2 disposed on the inner wall of the cooling chamber, and a cooling assembly disposed within the cooling chamber. The cooling chamber formed by the tower shell 1 can be cylindrical, and the top of the tower shell 1 has a flue gas outlet 11, and the bottom has a flue gas inlet 12. The cooling assembly includes multiple layers of cooling units 3 arranged vertically. High-temperature flue gas enters the cooling chamber through the flue gas inlet 12 via a flue gas pipe (not shown in the figure) and sequentially passes through each cooling unit 3 upwards before being discharged from the flue gas outlet 11. Each cooling unit 3 includes a support 31 and a cooling pipe 32 disposed on the support 31. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the cooling pipe 32 can be configured to extend spirally from the inlet end 321 to the inward end, and then extend from the inward end to the outward end until it connects to the outlet end 322.

[0041] It is important to note that, such as Figure 2 As shown, a gap suitable for flue gas passage should be left between adjacent cooling pipes 32. The cross-section of the cooling pipe 32 can be rectangular or parallelogram, and the long side of its cross-section is inclined to the horizontal plane, thus giving the cooling pipe 32 a longer length and a larger contact area with the flue gas for heat exchange, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the flue gas. Setting the long side of the cooling pipe 32 inclined to the horizontal plane ensures that the flue gas is cooled by the cooling pipe 32 as it passes through. The blocking and slowing effect of section 2 allows for a longer contact time between the flue gas and the cooling pipe 32, providing sufficient heat exchange time and resulting in better heat exchange and cooling effects. When the flue gas passes through the cooling pipe 32, it will first contact the outer side of the cooling pipe 32 facing the flue gas inlet 12, and then be blocked and reflected by this outer side to the outer side of the adjacent cooling pipe 32 facing the flue gas outlet 11 for heat exchange and cooling. This allows both the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling pipe 32 to contact and exchange heat, further increasing the heat exchange area and making the cooling efficiency of the flue gas better.

[0042] Specifically, refer to Figure 2In one embodiment of the high-efficiency cooling tower of this application, the angle between the long side of the cross-section of the cooling pipe 32 and the horizontal plane can be set to greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 60°. This allows the cooling pipe 32 to effectively slow down the flow of flue gas, ensuring sufficient heat exchange time between the flue gas and the cooling pipe 32 while also facilitating flue gas flow. Furthermore, the cooling pipe 32 is configured such that its long side extends from the center of the cooling chamber upwards into the interior of the cooling chamber, allowing the high-temperature flue gas to diffuse directly towards the inner wall of the cooling chamber after passing through the cooling pipe 32 from bottom to top. This also allows for heat dissipation of the flue gas through the inner wall of the cooling chamber, enabling faster cooling. Specifically, as... Figure 2 As shown, the cooling pipe 32 can also be configured to extend spirally upward from the inlet end 321 to the outlet end 322, thereby ensuring that the cooling pipe 32 has a sufficient channel area suitable for flue gas flow, while also allowing the cooling pipe 32 to have more turns, that is, to have a larger area for heat exchange with the flue gas, thereby improving the efficiency of cooling and cooling the flue gas.

[0043] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2In one embodiment of the high-efficiency cooling tower of this application, the cooling unit 3 can be configured as at least two. Taking the cooling chamber with two cooling units 3, one above the other, as an example, the cooling pipe 32 near the flue gas inlet 12 can preferably use cooling oil as the refrigerant, while the cooling pipe 32 near the flue gas outlet 11 can use cooling water as the refrigerant. Since the temperature of the flue gas near the flue gas inlet 12 can usually reach several hundred degrees Celsius, using a cooling oil with a higher boiling point (such as glycerol or ethylene glycol) as the refrigerant in the cooling pipe 32 can reduce the possibility of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant in the cooling pipe 32, which could cause the cooling pipe 32 to rupture or even explode. The temperature of the flue gas near the flue gas outlet 11 is relatively low, so the more economical and readily available cooling water can be used as the refrigerant. It is understood that the specific refrigerant used in the cooling pipe 32 is actually determined by the temperature at the location of the cooling pipe 32. For example, when the temperature at the location is greater than 120 degrees Celsius, the refrigerant in the cooling pipe 32 can preferably be cooling oil; when the temperature at the location is less than or equal to 120 degrees Celsius, the refrigerant in the cooling pipe 32 can preferably be cooling water. The pipe inlet end 321 and pipe outlet end 322 of each group of cooling pipes 32 are connected to the corresponding refrigeration cycle equipment (not shown in the figure). The refrigeration cycle equipment is similar to the refrigeration equipment of a refrigerator, including a refrigeration chamber, an evaporator located in the refrigeration chamber, and a compressor located outside the refrigeration chamber and connected to the evaporator. The outlet end of the refrigeration chamber is connected to the pipe inlet end 321 of the cooling pipe 32, and the outlet end of the refrigeration chamber is connected to the pipe outlet end of the cooling pipe 32. A pumping device such as a water pump should also be installed at the connection between the outlet end of the refrigeration chamber and the pipe inlet end 321 of the cooling pipe 32 to realize the circulation of the refrigerant in the cooling pipe 32.

[0044] The aforementioned cooling component is designed to cool the flue gas in a dry manner. During the cooling process, no water vapor is introduced into the cooling chamber, thus preventing the formation of acidic liquids within the chamber and reducing the likelihood of acidic liquids adhering to the components and causing corrosion. To further enhance the corrosion resistance of the components within the cooling chamber, the cooling pipe 32 can be made of copper. Furthermore, the design of the high-efficiency cooling tower eliminates the need for a pre-cooling section in the subsequent spray tower, reducing its size and allowing for a smaller water head, resulting in excellent energy savings.

[0045] Specifically, refer to Figure 2In one embodiment of the high-efficiency cooling tower of this application, the middle part of the tower shell 1 can be formed into a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is provided with a through hole structure suitable for the pipe inlet end 321 and the pipe outlet end 322 to pass through. The upper part of the tower shell 1 is formed into an upper bell structure that gradually narrows from bottom to top, and the upper part of the upper bell structure is provided with the above-mentioned flue gas outlet 11, so that the flue gas can be gathered through the upper bell structure, which plays a good guiding role and facilitates the flue gas to be discharged from the flue gas outlet 11. The lower part of the tower shell 1 is formed into a lower bell structure that gradually narrows from top to bottom. The middle part of the lower bell structure is provided with the above-mentioned flue gas inlet 12, and the lower part of the lower bell structure is also provided with an ash outlet 13. The lower bell structure facilitates the gathering of soot (dust particles) falling here in the flue gas to the ash outlet 13 for discharge.

[0046] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 In one embodiment of the high-efficiency cooling tower of this application, the protective layer 2 should at least include a lower protective layer 21 that can cover the surface of the lower bell-shaped structure, and a middle protective layer 22 that can cover the surface of the cylindrical structure. Both the lower protective layer 21 and the middle protective layer 22 can be made of ceramic material so that the outer shell 1 of the tower body near the high-temperature area of ​​the flue gas inlet 12 is protected by the protective layer 2 and is not easily corroded by hot erosion or acidic substances. Specifically, the middle protective layer 22 includes a cylindrical vertical wall structure 221 and multiple annular structures 222 arranged from top to bottom on the vertical wall structure 221. The vertical wall structure 221 is provided with through holes suitable for the pipe inlet end 321 and the pipe outlet end 322 to pass through, and is suitable for cooperating with the support 31 in the cooling unit 3 to realize the cooling unit 3. The mounting platform and the bracket 31 can be connected and fixed by screws. The bracket 31 and the cooling pipe 32 can be fixed by wrapping with copper wire. The outer side of the annular structure 222 is connected to the vertical wall structure 221. The annular structure 222 is inclined downward from its outer side to its inner side. After the high-temperature flue gas diffuses to the vertical wall structure 221 through the cooling pipe 32, some of the high-temperature flue gas blown onto the vertical wall structure 221 can be guided back to the cooling pipe 32 through the annular structure 222. This makes the flue gas form a flow path from the cooling pipe 32 to the vertical wall structure 221 and then back to the cooling pipe 32 and then continue to rise, so as to have a better cooling effect. Moreover, the soot that settles in the flue gas is not easy to adhere to the annular structure 222 and will slide off the annular structure 222 into the lower bell structure.

[0047] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In one embodiment of the high-efficiency cooling tower of this application, a gas equalization unit is provided at one end of the flue gas duct placed inside the cooling chamber. The gas equalization unit specifically includes a gas equalization duct 41 that spirally extends from the outlet of the flue gas duct from the outside inwards. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, an outlet groove 411 is provided on the side of the gas distribution pipe 41 near the flue gas outlet 11 to achieve a uniform distribution of flue gas and improve the overall cooling effect of the flue gas. The outlet groove 411 can be configured such that its width gradually increases from the end near the outlet of the flue gas pipe to the end away from the outlet of the flue gas pipe, so that the gas output of each section of the gas distribution pipe 41 can be relatively uniform, resulting in a better gas distribution effect. In addition, a dust baffle 412 can be provided on the outlet groove 411 along the trajectory of the outlet groove 411. Specifically, the width of the dust baffle 412 is set to be greater than the width of the outlet groove 411, and the cross-section of the dust baffle 412 along its width direction is an arc that gradually convexes from both sides to the middle. The dust baffle 412 is connected to the air distribution pipe 41 via a connecting column, thereby preventing the dust from entering the air distribution pipe 41 and causing blockage. It should be noted that the diameter of the air distribution unit should be smaller than the inner diameter of the annular structure 222, and a dust collection cavity suitable for containing dust is formed between the bottom of the air distribution unit and the lower protective layer 21. A valve needs to be installed at the dust outlet 13 so that the formed dust collection cavity can hold a certain amount of dust, achieving the effect of not needing to frequently clean the dust in the cooling chamber, and allowing the dust falling from the annular structure 222 to fall into the dust collection cavity for easy collection.

[0048] The implementation principle of the high-efficiency cooling tower in this application embodiment is as follows: the cooling pipes 32 are spirally arranged so that the length of the cooling pipes 32 in each cooling unit 3 can be longer. The cross-section of the cooling pipes 32 is rectangular, and the long side of the cooling pipes 32 is inclined to the horizontal plane, which can increase the contact area between the cooling pipes 32 and the flue gas. The inclined contact surface with the flue gas can slow down the flue gas, thereby allowing the flue gas to contact the cooling pipes 32 for a longer time and sufficient heat exchange time. When the flue gas passes through the cooling pipes 32, it will first contact the outer side of the cooling pipes 32 facing the flue gas inlet 12 for heat exchange and cooling. Then, it will be blocked and reflected by the outer side to the outer side of the adjacent cooling pipes 32 facing the flue gas outlet 11 for heat exchange and cooling. Thus, both the upper and lower surfaces of the cooling pipes 32 can exchange heat, further increasing the heat exchange area and thus improving the cooling efficiency of the flue gas.

[0049] In addition, by using a dry method to cool the flue gas, no water vapor is introduced into the cooling chamber during the cooling process. This makes it less likely for acidic liquids to be generated in the cooling chamber, and thus less likely for acidic liquids to adhere to the components in the cooling chamber, causing corrosion.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A high efficiency cooling tower characterized by, The tower body shell (1) includes a cooling cavity, a protective layer (2) arranged on the inner wall of the cooling cavity, and a cooling assembly arranged in the cooling cavity. The cooling assembly includes multiple cooling units (3) arranged in the vertical direction. Each cooling unit (3) includes a support (31) and a cooling pipe (32) arranged on the support (31). The cooling pipe (32) extends upward from the outside to the inside at the pipe inlet end (321), and then extends from the inside to the outside until connected to the pipe outlet end (322). The cross section of the cooling pipe (32) is rectangular, and the long side direction of the cross section of the cooling pipe (32) is inclined to the horizontal plane. The top of the tower body shell (1) is provided with a flue gas outlet (11), and the bottom is provided with a flue gas inlet (12). High-temperature flue gas enters the cooling cavity through the flue gas inlet (12) and sequentially passes through each cooling unit (3) upward and is discharged from the flue gas outlet (11). The angle between the length direction of the cross section of the cooling pipe (32) and the horizontal plane is greater than or equal to 45° and less than or equal to 60°. The cooling pipe (32) extends upward from the outside to the inside at the pipe inlet end (321), and then extends from the inside to the outside until connected to the pipe outlet end (322). The cooling unit (3) is provided as at least two, and the cooling oil flows in the cooling pipe (32) close to the flue gas inlet (12). The cooling water flows in the cooling pipe (32) close to the flue gas outlet (11).

2. A high efficiency cooling tower according to claim 1 wherein: The middle part of the tower body shell (1) is formed as a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is provided with a through hole structure suitable for the pipe inlet end (321) and the pipe outlet end (322) to pass through. The upper part of the tower body shell (1) is formed as an upper bell structure that gradually converges from bottom to top, and the flue gas outlet (11) is arranged on the upper bell structure. The lower part of the tower body shell (1) is formed as a lower bell structure that gradually converges from top to bottom, and the flue gas inlet (12) is arranged on the lower bell structure. The lower part of the lower bell structure is provided with a dust outlet (13).

3. A high efficiency cooling tower according to claim 2, wherein: The protective layer (2) includes a lower protective layer (21) capable of covering the surface of the lower bell structure, and a middle protective layer (22) capable of covering the surface of the cylindrical structure. The lower protective layer (21) and the middle protective layer (22) are both ceramic material formed parts.

4. A high efficiency cooling tower according to claim 3 wherein: The middle protective layer (22) includes a vertical wall structure (221) formed as a cylindrical shape and multiple annular structures (222) arranged on the vertical wall structure (221) from top to bottom. The vertical wall structure (221) is provided with a through hole structure suitable for the pipe inlet end (321) and the pipe outlet end (322) to pass through. The outer side of the annular structure (222) is connected with the vertical wall structure (221), and the annular structure (222) is inclined downward from the outer side to the inner side.

5. A high efficiency cooling tower according to claim 4 wherein: The bottom of the cooling cavity is provided with a gas equalizing unit connected with the flue gas pipeline, the gas equalizing unit comprises a gas equalizing pipeline (41) extending spirally from outside to inside at the gas outlet of the flue gas pipeline, and a gas outlet groove (411) is arranged on one side of the gas equalizing pipeline (41) close to the flue gas outlet (11), and the width of the gas outlet groove (411) gradually increases from one end close to the inlet of the gas equalizing pipeline (41) to one end away from the inlet of the gas equalizing pipeline (41).

6. A high efficiency cooling tower according to claim 5 wherein: A dust baffle (412) is further arranged on the gas outlet groove (411) along the track of the gas outlet groove (411), the width of the dust baffle (412) is greater than the width of the gas outlet groove (411), the dust baffle (412) is arranged as an arc-shaped plate or a folded plate gradually protruding from both sides to the middle along the cross section in the width direction of the dust baffle (412), and the dust baffle (412) is connected with the gas equalizing pipeline (41) through a connecting column.

7. A high efficiency cooling tower according to claim 6 wherein: The diameter of the gas equalizing unit is less than the inner diameter of the annular structure (222), and a soot accommodating cavity suitable for accommodating soot is formed between the bottom of the gas equalizing unit and the lower protective layer (21).

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