Test method for friction and wear of controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor

Abstract

The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor first conducts durability tests on multiple sets of oil distributor test benches simultaneously. The oil distributor rings and oil distributor shafts in the multiple sets of oil distributor test benches have different initial assembly clearance values ​​to simulate the oil distributor rings in different wear stages. During the test, the inner diameter and leakage of the oil distributor ring are regularly detected. The assembly clearance value between the oil distributor ring and the oil distributor shaft is then calculated, and a relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value is established. Finally, the leakage value of the oil distributor ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested, which is monitored in real time, is substituted into the established relationship curve to achieve online monitoring of the wear of the oil distributor ring of the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested. This method can shorten the life test cycle while obtaining as much test data as possible for the entire life cycle of the oil distributor ring, establish a characteristic curve relationship between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value of this type of shaft oil distributor, and thus accurately estimate the extreme usage of the oil distributor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of friction testing of shaft-type oil distribution rings, and specifically relates to a friction and wear test method for a shaft-type oil distribution device of a controllable pitch propeller. The method is suitable for shortening the test cycle while achieving complete coverage of the oil distribution device's service life, and provides higher accuracy in evaluating the oil distribution device's ultimate service life. Background Art

[0002] In a controllable pitch propeller (CPP) system, the oil distributor, as a key actuator for the pitch adjustment function, plays a crucial role. Generally speaking, oil distributors in CPP systems come in two main types: box-type and shaft-type. The shaft-type oil distributor typically consists of an oil distribution ring, an oil distribution shaft, and associated interface piping. The oil distribution ring is assembled onto the oil distribution shaft with a certain clearance between the oil distribution ring and the shaft to ensure the shaft rotates within the oil distribution ring's inner bore. During operation, the oil distribution ring remains stationary, while the oil distribution shaft rotates with the drive shaft. High-pressure oil is then pumped into the inner bore of the oil distribution shaft through the oil distribution port on the oil distribution ring, achieving pitch adjustment. During CPP operation, the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft on the oil distributor are constantly rotating relative to each other, inevitably subjecting them to friction and wear. When friction and wear between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft reach a certain level, and the clearance between them exceeds the specified value, the oil distributor will fail. Therefore, the reliability of the oil distribution ring is directly related to the safe operation of the CPP system.

[0003] However, the friction and wear between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft is a very slow process. Under normal use, the life cycle of the oil distribution ring exceeds 10,000 hours. In the traditional friction and wear test verification process, the routine operation is to use a set of oil distribution rings and oil distribution shafts for testing, which requires continuous testing for more than 1,500 hours. Then, based on the correspondence between the actual wear and leakage, the leakage value of the oil distributor failure and the wear of the oil distribution ring are deduced through theoretical calculation. Since the actual test time is short compared to the life cycle of the oil distribution ring, the failure data derived through theoretical deduction has a large deviation as a reference for the maintenance of the oil distributor, and it is impossible to accurately measure the wear and service life of the oil distribution ring, and its guiding significance is not strong. There is an urgent need for a test method that can achieve full coverage of the oil distributor's service life and provide more accurate data support for fault diagnosis and emergency treatment of the pitch propeller device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art and provide a friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor that can fully cover the service life of the oil distributor while shortening the test period.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distribution device, specifically comprising: first, monitoring the leakage of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested in real time; then, substituting the leakage into a pre-established curve of the relationship between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value to obtain the actual assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested, thereby achieving online monitoring of the wear of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested;

[0007] The method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount is implemented based on an oil distributor test bench. The oil distributor test bench includes a drive motor, an oil distribution shaft, an oil distribution ring, and a hydraulic unit. The output shaft of the drive motor is sequentially matched with the oil distribution shaft through a coupling, a universal coupling, an intermediate shaft, and a flange coupling. The oil distribution ring is installed on the oil distribution shaft, and the inner wall of the oil distribution ring is gap-matched with the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft. The oil output by the hydraulic unit passes through the oil distribution port provided on the oil distribution ring and the assembly clearance between the inner wall of the oil distribution ring and the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft in sequence, and then is connected to the inner hole of the oil distribution shaft. The inner hole of the oil distribution shaft can be used to communicate with the torque adjustment oil circuit in the controllable pitch propeller device, thereby realizing the torque adjustment function.

[0008] The method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly gap value and the leakage amount is carried out in the following steps:

[0009] S1. Simultaneously conduct durability tests on multiple oil distribution test benches, where the oil distribution shafts in the multiple oil distribution test benches all have the same outer diameter and the oil distribution rings have different inner diameters. This results in different initial assembly clearances between the oil distribution rings and the oil distribution shafts in the multiple oil distribution test benches to simulate different wear stages of the oil distribution rings. During the test, the inner diameter and leakage of the oil distribution rings are regularly checked.

[0010] S2. First calculate the assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft, and then establish a relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount, wherein the assembly clearance value is the difference between the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring and the outer diameter of the oil distribution shaft measured in step S1.

[0011] In step S1, the durability test is specifically as follows: first, the oil is heated to the rated operating temperature, and the speed of the oil distribution shaft is increased to the rated speed by the driving motor. Then, high-pressure hydraulic oil is injected into the oil distribution ring through the hydraulic unit every T1 hour to perform a pitch change operation. During the torque change process, the hydraulic oil leaks from the gap between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft under the action of high pressure. The leakage amount is recorded during each torque change. At the same time, the oil distribution ring is disassembled and inspected every T2 hours, and the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring is measured.

[0012] The total duration of the durability test is 1600 h.

[0013] In the durability test, T1 is 1 hour and T2 is 400 hours.

[0014] In the durability test, the rated speed of the oil distribution shaft is 300 r / min, and the hydraulic oil pressure is 4.5 MPa.

[0015] In step S1 , the wear stages include a normal wear stage, a medium wear stage, and a severe wear stage.

[0016] The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the normal wear stage is 0.06-0.08 mm.

[0017] The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the medium wear stage is 0.16-0.18 mm.

[0018] The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the severe wear stage is 0.26-0.28 mm.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The friction and wear test method of the controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor of the present invention first monitors the leakage of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested in real time, and then substitutes the leakage into the pre-established relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount to obtain the actual assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested, thereby realizing online monitoring of the wear amount of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested. The method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount is as follows: first, durability tests are carried out on multiple sets of oil distributor test benches at the same time. The outer diameters of the oil distribution shafts in the multiple sets of oil distributor test benches are the same, and the inner diameters of the oil distribution rings are different. Therefore, the oil distribution rings in the multiple sets of oil distributor test benches have different initial assembly clearance values ​​between them to simulate the oil distribution rings in different wear stages. During the test, the oil distribution rings are fixed at different intervals. The inner diameter and leakage of the oil distribution ring are detected periodically, and the assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft is calculated. Subsequently, a relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value is established. The assembly clearance value is the difference between the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring and the outer diameter of the oil distribution shaft measured in step S1. The design simulates the oil distribution ring in different wear stages by using multiple sets of oil distribution rings and oil distribution shafts with different fitting clearances. Multiple sets of test benches are tested simultaneously. Under the condition of shortening the life test cycle, test data of the entire life cycle of the oil distribution ring can be obtained as much as possible. Then, a characteristic curve relationship between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value of this type of shaft-type oil distributor is established, so as to make timely estimates of the extreme use of the oil distributor and do a good job in equipment maintenance and repair, thereby ensuring the normal use of the controllable pitch propeller equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oil distributor test bench in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Assembly diagram of the oil distribution shaft and oil distribution ring.

[0023] Figure 3 The relationship curve between the assembly gap value and the leakage amount established for the embodiment.

[0024] In the figure, there are a drive motor 1, an oil distribution shaft 2, an oil distribution ring 3, and a hydraulic unit 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 A friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distribution device is provided. The friction and wear test method specifically comprises: firstly monitoring the leakage of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested in real time, and then substituting the leakage into a pre-established relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value to obtain the actual assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested, thereby realizing online monitoring of the wear of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested;

[0027] Among them, the method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount is implemented based on an oil distributor test bench. The oil distributor test bench includes a drive motor 1, an oil distribution shaft 2, an oil distribution ring 3, and a hydraulic unit 4. The output shaft of the drive motor 1 is in transmission cooperation with the oil distribution shaft 2. The oil distribution ring 3 is installed on the oil distribution shaft 2. The inner wall of the oil distribution ring 3 and the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft 2 are in clearance cooperation. The oil output by the hydraulic unit 4 passes through the oil distribution port provided on the oil distribution ring 3, the assembly gap between the inner wall of the oil distribution ring 3 and the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft 2, and then is connected to the inner hole of the oil distribution shaft 2. The inner hole of the oil distribution shaft 2 can be used to communicate with the torque adjustment oil circuit in the controllable pitch propeller device, thereby realizing the torque adjustment function;

[0028] The method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly gap value and the leakage amount is carried out in the following steps:

[0029] S1. Simultaneously conduct durability tests on multiple oil distribution test benches, where the oil distribution shaft 2 has the same outer diameter and the oil distribution ring 3 has different inner diameters. This results in different initial assembly clearances between the oil distribution ring 3 and the oil distribution shaft 2, simulating different wear stages of the oil distribution ring 3. During the test, the inner diameter and leakage of the oil distribution ring 3 are regularly checked.

[0030] S2. First calculate the assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring 3 and the oil distribution shaft 2, and then establish a relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount, wherein the assembly clearance value is half of the difference between the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring 3 and the outer diameter of the oil distribution shaft 2 measured in step S1.

[0031] In step S1, the durability test is specifically as follows: first, the oil is heated to the rated operating temperature, and the speed of the oil distribution shaft 2 is increased to the rated speed by the driving motor 1, and then every T1 hours, high-pressure hydraulic oil is injected into the oil distribution ring 3 through the hydraulic unit 4 to perform a pitch change operation. During the torque change process, the hydraulic oil leaks from the gap between the oil distribution ring 3 and the oil distribution shaft 2 under the action of high pressure, and the leakage amount is recorded during each torque change. At the same time, the oil distribution ring 3 is disassembled and inspected every T2 hours, and the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring 3 is measured.

[0032] The total duration of the durability test is 1600 h.

[0033] In the durability test, T1 is 1 hour and T2 is 400 hours.

[0034] In the durability test, the rated speed of the oil distribution shaft 2 is 300 r / min, and the hydraulic oil pressure is 4.5 MPa.

[0035] In step S1 , the wear stages include a normal wear stage, a medium wear stage, and a severe wear stage.

[0036] The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the normal wear stage is 0.06-0.08 mm.

[0037] The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the medium wear stage is 0.16-0.18 mm.

[0038] The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the severe wear stage is 0.26-0.28 mm.

[0039] Example:

[0040] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 A test bench for an oil distributor includes a drive motor 1, an oil distribution shaft 2, an oil distribution ring 3, and a hydraulic unit 4. The output shaft of the drive motor 1 is in transmission cooperation with the oil distribution shaft 2. The oil distribution ring 3 is mounted on the oil distribution shaft 2, and the inner wall of the oil distribution ring 3 is in clearance cooperation with the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft 2. The oil output by the hydraulic unit 4 passes through the oil distribution port provided on the oil distribution ring 3 and the assembly gap between the inner wall of the oil distribution ring 3 and the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft 2 in sequence, and then communicates with the inner hole of the oil distribution shaft 2. The inner hole of the oil distribution shaft 2 is used to communicate with the torque adjustment oil circuit in the controllable pitch propeller device, thereby realizing the torque adjustment function.

[0041] The friction and wear test method of the controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor based on the oil distributor test bench is carried out in the following steps:

[0042] S1. Simultaneously conduct durability tests on three sets of oil distributor test benches;

[0043] The outer diameters of the oil distribution shafts 2 and the inner diameters of the oil distribution rings 3 in the three oil distribution test benches are the same, and the inner diameters of the oil distribution rings 3 are different. This results in different initial assembly clearances between the oil distribution rings 3 and the oil distribution shafts 2 in the three oil distribution test benches to simulate the oil distribution rings 3 in the normal, moderate, and severe wear stages. The initial assembly clearances corresponding to the normal, moderate, and severe wear stages are 0.06-0.08mm, 0.16-0.18mm, and 0.26-0.28mm, respectively. This clearance will vary slightly for different oil distribution models.

[0044] The durability test specifically involves heating the oil to the rated operating temperature and increasing the speed of the oil distribution shaft 2 to the rated speed of 300 r / min via the drive motor 1. Then, every hour, hydraulic oil at a pressure of 4.5 MPa is injected into the oil distribution ring 3 via the hydraulic unit 4 to perform a torque change operation. During the torque change process, the hydraulic oil leaks from the gap between the oil distribution ring 3 and the oil distribution shaft 2 under the action of high pressure. The speed, operating oil pressure, operating oil temperature, and leakage amount during each torque change are recorded. At the same time, the oil distribution ring 3 is disassembled and inspected every 400 hours, and the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring 3 is measured.

[0045] The total duration of the durability test was 1600 hours. As the test duration increased, the wear of the oil distribution ring 3 also increased, and its fit clearance and hydraulic oil leakage became increasingly larger. However, for an oil distribution ring with a fit clearance of 0.26-0.28mm, after about 800 hours of testing, the gap between the oil distribution ring 3 and the oil distribution shaft 2 reached about 0.28mm. At this time, the hydraulic oil injected into the oil distribution ring could not establish normal operating pressure and could not reach the set pressure of 4.5MPa. During the pitch change operation, the leakage reached about 14L. Based on this, it was determined that the wear of the oil distribution ring 3 had reached its service limit and could not meet the normal use requirements of the oil distributor, and must be replaced in a timely manner.

[0046] S2, calculate the assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring 3 and the oil distribution shaft 2, the assembly clearance value is half of the difference between the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring 3 and the outer diameter of the oil distribution shaft 2 measured in step S1, and then establish a relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount. The established relationship curve is as follows: Figure 3 As shown;

[0047] S3. Monitor the leakage of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested in real time, and then substitute the leakage into the relationship curve established in step S2 to obtain the actual assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested, thereby realizing online monitoring of the wear of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested. By understanding the actual wear condition of the oil distribution ring, the maximum service life of the oil distributor can be estimated in time. Since the relationship curve covers the entire life cycle of the oil distribution ring, the assessment of the maximum service life of the oil distributor is more accurate.

Claims

1. The friction and wear test method for the controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor is characterized by: The friction and wear test method specifically comprises: firstly, monitoring the leakage of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested in real time, and then substituting the leakage into a pre-established relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage value to obtain the actual assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring and the oil distribution shaft in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested, thereby realizing online monitoring of the wear of the oil distribution ring in the controllable pitch propeller device to be tested; The method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount is implemented based on an oil distributor test bench, wherein the oil distributor test bench comprises a driving motor (1), an oil distribution shaft (2), an oil distribution ring (3), and a hydraulic unit (4); the output shaft of the driving motor (1) is in transmission cooperation with the oil distribution shaft (2); the oil distribution ring (3) is mounted on the oil distribution shaft (2); the inner wall of the oil distribution ring (3) is in clearance cooperation with the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft (2); the oil output by the hydraulic unit (4) passes through the oil distribution port provided on the oil distribution ring (3), the assembly clearance between the inner wall of the oil distribution ring (3) and the outer wall of the oil distribution shaft (2), and then is connected to the inner hole of the oil distribution shaft (2); the inner hole of the oil distribution shaft (2) can be used to communicate with the torque adjustment oil circuit in the adjustable pitch propeller device, thereby realizing the torque adjustment function; The method for establishing the relationship curve between the assembly gap value and the leakage amount is carried out in the following steps: S1. Simultaneously conducting a durability test on a plurality of oil distributor test benches, wherein the outer diameters of the oil distribution shafts (2) in the plurality of oil distributor test benches are all the same and the inner diameters of the oil distribution rings (3) are all different, so that the oil distribution rings (3) and the oil distribution shafts (2) in the plurality of oil distributor test benches have different initial assembly clearance values ​​to simulate the oil distribution rings (3) being in different wear stages. During the test, the inner diameter and leakage amount of the oil distribution rings (3) are regularly detected; S2. First, calculate the assembly clearance value between the oil distribution ring (3) and the oil distribution shaft (2), and then establish a relationship curve between the assembly clearance value and the leakage amount, wherein the assembly clearance value is half of the difference between the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring (3) and the outer diameter of the oil distribution shaft (2) measured in step S1.

2. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the durability test is specifically as follows: first, the oil is heated to the rated operating temperature, and the speed of the oil distribution shaft (2) is increased to the rated speed by the driving motor (1), and then, every T1 hour, high-pressure hydraulic oil is injected into the oil distribution ring (3) through the hydraulic unit (4) to perform a pitch change operation. During the torque change process, the hydraulic oil leaks from the gap between the oil distribution ring (3) and the oil distribution shaft (2) under the action of high pressure, and the leakage amount during each torque change is recorded. At the same time, the oil distribution ring (3) is disassembled and inspected every T2 hours, and the inner diameter of the oil distribution ring (3) is measured.

3. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The total duration of the durability test is 1600 h.

4. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In the durability test, T1 is 1 hour and T2 is 400 hours.

5. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In the durability test, the rated speed of the oil distribution shaft (2) is 300 r / min, and the hydraulic oil pressure is 4.5 MPa.

6. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In step S1 , the wear stages include a normal wear stage, a medium wear stage, and a severe wear stage.

7. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the normal wear stage is 0.06-0.08 mm.

8. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the medium wear stage is 0.16-0.18 mm.

9. The friction and wear test method for a controllable pitch propeller shaft oil distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The initial assembly clearance value corresponding to the severe wear stage is 0.26-0.28 mm.

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