A data center cooling system and method of coupling a row-level air conditioner with an immersed jet liquid cooling cabinet

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of cooling and heat dissipation of data center refrigeration system, and particularly relates to a data room grading cooling system and method coupled with row-level air conditioners and submerged jet flow liquid cooling cabinets, which is composed of a cooling water system, a chilled water system, a phase change energy storage tank, row-level air conditioners, a submerged jet flow cooling device and servers. The cooling water system comprises a cooling tower and a cooling water pump, and the chilled water system comprises a water chiller, a chilled water pump, a distribution water tank, a three-way valve, a circulating pump and a plate heat exchanger. The cooling tower is connected with the water chiller through a pipeline, and the water chiller is connected with the row-level air conditioner through a pipeline to provide cooling by the provided cooling water. The submerged jet flow cooling device comprises a liquid cooling cabinet, a liquid storage tank, a distribution water tank, a liquid pump and a jet flow device, and the submerged jet flow cooling can eliminate 95% of the total load of the server, while the remaining heat of the machine room is convected and dissipated by air cooling. Different cooling methods are adopted to grade the heat, so that the efficient distribution and utilization of the cooling capacity of the data center are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cooling and heat dissipation in data center refrigeration systems, and specifically to a data center graded cooling system and method that couples row-level air conditioners with immersion jet liquid coolers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, my country's data centers have grown rapidly, leading to a continuous increase in their energy consumption. Traditional data centers mostly employ extensive cooling methods, ignoring the different heat generation and heat flux densities of components within the data center. They only cool the components with the highest heat output, resulting in data centers being constantly undercooled, leading to significant energy waste and low energy efficiency. Therefore, to change from traditional extensive cooling to customized cooling, the key is to develop corresponding heat dissipation channels based on the thermal characteristics of the data center and for components with different heat flux densities. Thus, a combination of rack-level air conditioning and other air conditioning technologies can be used, with several different cooling methods working together to classify and process heat. Server heat is high-level, and liquid cooling exchanges heat with the server heat source to remove most of the heat; space heat is low-level and can be dissipated to the outside of the server room through air cooling. Using tiered cooling can effectively reduce the temperature in the server room, efficiently handle localized hotspots, and save energy.

[0003] Several patents already address the coupling of cooling and heat dissipation methods in data centers. Patent CN111947262A proposes an intelligent server rack and its control method that combines liquid cooling and air cooling. By setting up air-cooling channels and liquid-cooling pipes inside the rack, it combines liquid cooling and air cooling to dissipate heat from the server. Both liquid-cooling pipes and air cooling have separate channels, maximizing the efficiency of both liquid and air cooling, improving heat dissipation efficiency, and reducing energy consumption. However, this system uses a cold plate-type liquid cooling method, which can be further optimized by adopting more energy-efficient jet, spray, and immersion liquid cooling systems. Patent CN111947262A also proposes an air conditioning system for data centers based on a combination of liquid cooling and evaporative cooling technologies. The air conditioning system immerses the data processing chips, the heat source of the data center, in liquid coolant for source cooling, while simultaneously using an indirect evaporative cooling air conditioning module to provide isohumidified cooling of the internal air environment of the data center. However, this system uses two independent evaporative cooling systems for cooling, which can employ a staged cooling method. The two evaporative cooling systems work together to reduce cooling difficulty and further improve cooling efficiency. In addition, evaporative cooling is closely related to local meteorological conditions, and its use is subject to harsh environments, which limits its application.

[0004] This invention provides a tiered cooling system and method for data centers, coupling row-level air conditioning with an immersion jet liquid cooler. It utilizes efficient and precise immersion jet liquid cooling to dissipate heat from high-heat-flux, high-heat-generating components in the data center, while simultaneously employing air cooling to dissipate excess heat through convection, reducing the energy consumption of the data center's air conditioning system. This achieves efficient distribution and utilization of cooling capacity. Since the heat from high-heat-generating components is dissipated through the liquid cooling channels, the heat load of the air-cooling system is significantly reduced, allowing the use of high-temperature chillers with an inlet water temperature of only 18°C. Liquid cooling can eliminate 95% of the total server load, and the fluorinated liquid in the immersion cooling system has an inlet temperature of 30°C, which can be achieved through heat exchange with the chilled water flowing from the row-level air conditioning. Furthermore, the cooling capacity of the fluorinated liquid in the jet cooling is provided by a phase change energy storage tank. The phase change material stores energy when there is sufficient cooling capacity. When the server surface temperature is too high, the phase change material exchanges heat with the fluorinated liquid and is then sprayed at high speed onto the corresponding server surface through an ejector. The use of the phase change energy storage tank reduces the consumption of electricity and other energy sources, lowering economic costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art by providing a data center tiered cooling system and method that couples row-level air conditioning with an immersion jet liquid cooler.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] A data center tiered cooling system coupled with row-level air conditioning and immersion jet liquid cooler consists of six parts: a cooling water system, a chilled water system, a phase change energy storage tank, row-level air conditioning, an immersion jet cooling device, and a server.

[0008] The cooling water system includes a cooling tower and a cooling water pump; the chilled water system includes a chiller unit, a chilled water pump, a first water distributor, a first water collector, a three-way diverter valve, a three-way merging valve, a first circulating pump, a second circulating pump, a third circulating pump, a first plate heat exchanger, a second plate heat exchanger, and a third plate heat exchanger.

[0009] The cooling tower is connected to a cooling water pump via a pipe, the cooling water pump is connected to the first inlet of the chiller unit via a pipe, and the first outlet of the chiller unit is connected to the cooling tower via a pipe.

[0010] The second outlet of the chiller unit is connected to the chilled water pump via a pipeline; the three-way diverter valve and the three-way merge valve are installed on the pipeline between the chilled water pump and the first distributor; the inlet of the three-way diverter valve is connected to the chilled water pump via a pipeline, the first outlet of the three-way diverter valve is connected to the first inlet of the phase change energy storage tank via a pipeline, the second outlet of the three-way diverter valve is connected to the first inlet of the three-way merge valve via a pipeline, the second inlet of the three-way merge valve is connected to the first outlet of the phase change energy storage tank via a pipeline, and the outlet of the three-way merge valve is connected to the inlet of the first distributor via a pipeline;

[0011] The first outlet of the first water distributor is connected to the first circulating pump via a pipe. The first circulating pump is connected to the first row-level air conditioner via a pipe. The first row-level air conditioner is connected to the cold end inlet of the first plate heat exchanger via a pipe. The cold end outlet of the first plate heat exchanger is connected to the first inlet of the first water collector via a pipe. The second outlet of the first water distributor is connected to the second circulating pump via a pipe. The second circulating pump is connected to the second row-level air conditioner via a pipe. The second row-level air conditioner is connected to the cold end inlet of the second plate heat exchanger via a pipe. The cold end outlet of the second plate heat exchanger is connected to the second inlet of the first water collector via a pipe. The third outlet of the first water distributor is connected to the third circulating pump via a pipe. The third circulating pump is connected to the third row-level air conditioner via a pipe. The third row-level air conditioner is connected to the cold end inlet of the third plate heat exchanger via a pipe. The cold end outlet of the third plate heat exchanger is connected to the third inlet of the first water collector via a pipe. The outlet of the first water collector is connected to the second inlet of the chiller unit via a pipe.

[0012] The immersion jet cooling device includes a first liquid cooling cabinet, a second liquid cooling cabinet, a third liquid cooling cabinet, a liquid storage tank, a second water distributor, a third water distributor, a second water collector, a first liquid pump, a second liquid pump, a third liquid pump, a fourth liquid pump, and a jet injector. The side wall of the liquid cooling cabinet is provided with an inlet and an outlet, which are located on the same side of the outer wall of the liquid cooling cabinet, with the outlet positioned higher than the inlet. The row-level air conditioners are arranged within a frame arrangement, installed side-by-side with the liquid cooling cabinets, and arranged sequentially from the direction of the inlet (6-1) and outlet (6-2): first row-level air conditioner, first liquid cooling cabinet, second row-level air conditioner, second liquid cooling cabinet, third row-level air conditioner, and third liquid cooling cabinet.

[0013] The first liquid cooler outlet is connected to the first liquid pump via a pipe, and the first liquid pump is connected to the first inlet of the second water collector via a pipe; the second liquid cooler outlet is connected to the second liquid pump via a pipe, and the second liquid pump is connected to the second inlet of the second water collector via a pipe; the third liquid cooler outlet is connected to the third liquid pump via a pipe, and the third liquid pump is connected to the third inlet of the second water collector via a pipe; the second water collector outlet is connected to the storage tank via a pipe, and the storage tank is connected to the inlet of the second water distributor via a pipe; the second water distributor first outlet is connected to the hot end inlet of the first plate heat exchanger via a pipe, and the hot end outlet of the first plate heat exchanger is connected to the liquid cooler inlet via a pipe; the second water distributor second outlet is connected to the second plate heat exchanger via a pipe... The hot end inlet of the heat exchanger is connected, and the hot end outlet of the second plate heat exchanger is connected to the liquid inlet of the second liquid cooler via a pipe; the third outlet of the second water distributor is connected to the hot end inlet of the third plate heat exchanger via a pipe, and the hot end outlet of the third plate heat exchanger is connected to the liquid inlet of the third liquid cooler via a pipe; the fourth outlet of the second water distributor is connected to the second inlet of the phase change energy storage tank via a pipe, and the second outlet of the phase change energy storage tank is connected to the fourth liquid pump via a pipe, and the fourth liquid pump is connected to the inlet of the third water distributor via a pipe; the first outlet of the third water distributor is connected to the jet main pipe of the first liquid cooler via a pipe, the second outlet of the third water distributor is connected to the jet main pipe of the second liquid cooler via a pipe, and the third outlet of the third water distributor is connected to the jet main pipe of the third liquid cooler via a pipe;

[0014] The bottom of the server is placed on a liquid cooling cabinet, and the server is completely immersed in fluorinated liquid; the first server, the second server, the third server and the fourth server are arranged at equal intervals.

[0015] Furthermore, a first jet riser is provided between the first server and the second server; a first jet ejector, a second jet ejector, a third jet ejector, a fourth jet ejector, a fifth jet ejector, and a sixth jet ejector are installed on the first jet riser; the first and second jet ejectors are installed at the same height, the third and fourth jet ejectors are installed at the same height, and the fifth and sixth jet ejectors are installed at the same height; the first jet ejector is positioned higher than the third jet ejector, and the third jet ejector is positioned higher than the fifth jet ejector; a second jet riser is provided between the second server and the third server; a seventh jet ejector, an eighth jet ejector, a ninth jet ejector, a tenth jet ejector, an eleventh jet ejector, and a twelfth jet ejector are installed on the second jet riser; the seventh and eighth jet ejectors are installed at the same height, the ninth and tenth jet ejectors are installed at the same height, ... The eleventh and twelfth jet ejectors are installed at the same height; the seventh jet ejector is positioned higher than the ninth jet ejector, and the ninth jet ejector is positioned higher than the eleventh jet ejector; a third jet riser is provided between the third and fourth servers; the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth jet ejectors are installed on the third jet riser; the thirteenth and fourteenth jet ejectors are installed at the same height, as are the fifteenth and sixteenth jet ejectors, and the seventeenth and eighteenth jet ejectors; the thirteenth jet ejector is positioned higher than the fifteenth jet ejector, and the fifteenth jet ejector is positioned higher than the seventeenth jet ejector; the tops of the first, second, and third jet risers are connected to the jet main pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the first, second, and third temperature sensors are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the first server; the fourth, fifth, and sixth temperature sensors are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the second server; the seventh, eighth, and ninth temperature sensors are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the third server; and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth temperature sensors are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the fourth server.

[0017] Furthermore, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth flow regulating valves are respectively disposed between the first jet riser and the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth jet ejectors; the seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth flow regulating valves are respectively disposed between the second jet riser and the seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth jet ejectors; the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth flow regulating valves are respectively disposed between the third jet riser and the thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth jet ejectors; and the shut-off valve is disposed at the inlet of the storage tank.

[0018] Furthermore, the phase change material used in the phase change energy storage tank is decanoic acid + palmitate, with a phase change temperature of 22.11℃ and a latent heat of phase change of 158.4kJ / kg.

[0019] A method for operating a data center tiered cooling system coupled with row-level air conditioning and immersion jet liquid cooler includes:

[0020] Chilled water produced by the chiller unit flows from the second outlet of the chiller unit into the inlet of the three-way diverter valve under the action of the chilled water pump. Chilled water flowing out from the first outlet of the three-way diverter valve enters the first inlet of the phase change energy storage tank. The chilled water exchanges heat with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage tank, storing the cooling capacity in the phase change material. The chilled water, after its temperature rises, flows from the second inlet of the phase change energy storage tank into the second inlet of the three-way confluence valve, mixes with the chilled water flowing from the second outlet of the three-way diverter valve into the first inlet of the three-way confluence valve, and flows into the inlet of the first water distributor. The chilled water flowing out from the first outlet of the first water distributor enters the first row air conditioner under the action of the first circulation pump. The fan in the first row air conditioner blows the air cooled by the chilled water into the data center. The chilled water, after its temperature rises again, enters the first plate heat exchanger, absorbs the heat of the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the first water collection tank. The chilled water flowing from the second outlet of the first distributor enters the second row air conditioner under the action of the second circulation pump. The fan in the second row air conditioner blows the chilled water-cooled air to the data center. The chilled water, now at a higher temperature, enters the second plate heat exchanger, absorbs heat from the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the second inlet of the first collector. The chilled water flowing from the third outlet of the first distributor enters the third row air conditioner under the action of the third circulation pump. The fan in the third row air conditioner blows the chilled water-cooled air to the data center. The chilled water, now at a higher temperature, enters the third plate heat exchanger, absorbs heat from the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the third inlet of the first collector. The chilled water flowing into the first, second, and third inlets of the first collector flows into the second inlet of the chiller unit from the outlet of the second collector, forming a chilled water circulation.

[0021] Chilled water transfers heat to cooling water through the refrigerant in the chiller unit. The high-temperature cooling water enters the cooling tower from the first outlet of the chiller unit, is cooled down in the cooling tower, and then returns to the first outlet of the chiller unit, forming a cooling water circulation.

[0022] When the liquid cooling system is first started, the shut-off valve opens, and fluorinated liquid is injected into the storage tank through the inlet, flowing from the storage tank into the inlet of the second distributor. Fluorinated liquid flowing out from the first outlet of the second distributor passes through the first plate heat exchanger and enters the inlet of the first liquid cooling cabinet, completely immersing the server. After absorbing the heat generated by the server, the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet of the first liquid cooling cabinet and enters the first inlet of the second collector via the first liquid pump. Fluorinated liquid flowing out from the second outlet of the second distributor passes through the second plate heat exchanger and enters the inlet of the second liquid cooling cabinet, completely immersing the server. After absorbing the heat generated by the server, the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet of the second liquid cooler and enters the second inlet of the second water collector via the second liquid pump. The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the third outlet of the second water distributor passes through the third plate heat exchanger and enters the inlet of the third liquid cooler to completely immerse the server. After absorbing the heat generated by the server, the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet of the third liquid cooler and enters the third inlet of the second water collector via the third liquid pump. The fluorinated liquid flowing into the first, second, and third inlets of the second water collector flows into the storage tank from the outlet of the second water collector, forming the first fluorinated liquid cycle.

[0023] When the server surface temperature is too high, the fourth outlet of the second water distributor opens, and the fluorinated liquid enters the second inlet of the phase change energy storage tank, where it exchanges heat with the phase change material. The cooled fluorinated liquid flows out from the second outlet of the phase change energy storage tank and enters the inlet of the third water distributor via the fourth liquid pump. The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the first outlet of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe of the first liquid cooler, the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the second outlet of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe of the second liquid cooler, and the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the third outlet of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe of the third liquid cooler. The fluorinated liquid passes through the jet main pipe, the jet riser, and the flow regulating valve in sequence before entering the ejector. The fluorinated liquid is sprayed out at high speed from the ejector, directly impacting the corresponding server surface to achieve heat dissipation. The sprayed fluorinated liquid mixes with the submerged fluorinated liquid in the liquid cooler and leaves from the outlet, flowing into the storage tank through the second water collector, forming the second fluorinated liquid circulation.

[0024] Furthermore, after the fluorinated liquid initially immerses the server, the shut-off valve closes; the first, second, and third temperature sensors are used to detect the temperatures of the top, middle, and bottom of the first server, respectively; the fourth, fifth, and sixth temperature sensors are used to detect the temperatures of the top, middle, and bottom of the second server, respectively; the seventh, eighth, and ninth temperature sensors are used to detect the temperatures of the top, middle, and bottom of the third server, respectively; and the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth temperature sensors are used to detect the temperatures of the top, middle, and bottom of the fourth server, respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, by adjusting the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth flow control valves, the flow rate of the fluorinated liquid entering the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth ejectors is controlled respectively.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention couples row-level air conditioning with an immersion jet liquid cooling cabinet. It employs an efficient and precise immersion jet liquid cooling method to dissipate heat from high heat flux density and high-heat-generating components in data centers, solving the problem of rapid heat dissipation in localized high heat flux density areas. Simultaneously, it utilizes air cooling to dissipate residual heat from the computer room via convection. The row-level air conditioning effectively controls the temperature, humidity, and cleanliness within the computer room, maintaining a constant temperature and humidity.

[0028] In the jet cooling method used in this invention, the cooling capacity of the fluorinated liquid is provided by a phase change energy storage tank. When the cooling capacity is sufficient, the phase change material stores energy. When the server surface temperature is too high, the phase change material exchanges heat with the fluorinated liquid and is sprayed at high speed onto the corresponding server surface through the jet nozzle. The use of the phase change energy storage tank can reduce the consumption of electricity and other energy sources, thereby reducing economic costs.

[0029] This invention utilizes tiered cooling to address localized hotspots, thereby achieving efficient distribution and utilization of cooling capacity in data centers. Since the heat from high-heat-generating components is dissipated through liquid cooling channels, the heat load of the air-cooled system is significantly reduced, allowing the use of high-temperature chillers with an inlet water temperature of only 18°C. A portion of the chilled water flowing from the chiller enters a phase change energy storage tank for cold storage of the phase change material, and is then mixed with another portion of cooling water before entering the row-level air conditioning system. Fans in the row-level air conditioning system blow the chilled water-cooled air into the data center. Liquid cooling can eliminate 95% of the total server load, and the immersion-cooled fluorinated liquid inlet temperature of 30°C can meet requirements through heat exchange with the chilled water flowing from the row-level air conditioning system. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the present invention;

[0031] The components include: 1. Cooling tower; 2. Chiller unit; 2-1. First inlet of chiller unit; 2-2. First outlet of chiller unit; 2-3. Second outlet of chiller unit; 2-4. Second inlet of chiller unit; 3. Phase change energy storage tank; 3-1. First inlet of phase change energy storage tank; 3-2. First outlet of phase change energy storage tank; 3-3. Second inlet of phase change energy storage tank; 3-4. Second outlet of phase change energy storage tank; 4-a. First row-level air conditioner; 4-b. Second row-level air conditioner; 4-c. Third row-level air conditioner; 5-a. First plate heat exchanger; 5-b. Second plate heat exchanger; 5-c. Third plate heat exchanger; 6-a. First liquid cooling cabinet; 6 -b, Second liquid cooler; 6-c, Third liquid cooler; 7, Storage tank; 7-1, Storage tank inlet; 9-a, First water distributor; 9-a-1, First water distributor inlet; 9-a-2, First water distributor outlet; 9-a-3, First water distributor outlet; 9-a-4, First water distributor outlet; 9-b, Second water distributor; 9-b-1, Second water distributor inlet; 9-b-2, Second water distributor outlet; 9-b-3, Second water distributor outlet; 9-b-4, Second water distributor outlet; 9-b-5, Second water distributor outlet; 9-c, Third water distributor; 9-c-1, First... 9-c-2, First outlet of the third water distributor; 9-c-3, Second outlet of the third water distributor; 9-c-4, Third outlet of the third water distributor; 10-a, First water collector; 10-a-1, First inlet of the first water collector; 10-a-2, Second inlet of the first water collector; 10-a-3, Third inlet of the first water collector; 10-a-4, Outlet of the first water collector; 10-b, Second water collector; 10-b-1, First inlet of the second water collector; 10-b-2, Second inlet of the second water collector; 10-b-3, Third inlet of the second water collector; 10-b-4, Outlet of the second water collector; 11. 12. Cooling water pump; 13-a. Three-way diverter valve; 13-a-1. Three-way diverter valve inlet; 13-a-2. Three-way diverter valve first outlet; 13-a-3. Three-way diverter valve second outlet; 13-b. Three-way confluence valve; 13-b-1. Three-way confluence valve first inlet; 13-b-2. Three-way confluence valve second inlet; 13-b-3. Three-way confluence valve outlet; 14-a. First circulation pump; 14-b. Second circulation pump; 14-c. Third circulation pump; 15-a. First liquid pump; 15-b. Second liquid pump; 15-c. Third liquid pump; 15-d. Fourth liquid pump; 21. Shut-off valve.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the liquid cooler cabinet of the present invention;

[0033] Among them: 6, liquid cooling cabinet; 6-1, liquid inlet; 6-2, liquid outlet; 8-a, first server; 8-b, second server; 8-c, third server; 8-d, fourth server; 16-a, first ejector; 16-b, second ejector; 16-c, third ejector; 16-d, fourth ejector; 16-e, fifth ejector; 16-f, sixth ejector; 16-g, seventh ejector; 16-h, eighth ejector; 16-i, ninth ejector; 16-j, tenth ejector; 16- k, Eleventh jet ejector; 16-l, Twelfth jet ejector; 16-m, Thirteenth jet ejector; 16-n, Fourteenth jet ejector; 16-o, Fifteenth jet ejector; 16-p, Sixteenth jet ejector; 16-q, Seventeenth jet ejector; 16-r, Eighteenth jet ejector; 17-a, First flow control valve; 17-b, Second flow control valve; 17-c, Third flow control valve; 17-d, Fourth flow control valve; 17-e, Fifth flow control valve; 17-f, Sixth flow control valve; 17-g, Seventh flow control valve. Flow regulating valve; 17-h, eighth flow regulating valve; 17-i, ninth flow regulating valve; 17-j, tenth flow regulating valve; 17-k, eleventh flow regulating valve; 17-l, twelfth flow regulating valve; 17-m, thirteenth flow regulating valve; 17-n, fourteenth flow regulating valve; 17-o, fifteenth flow regulating valve; 17-p, sixteenth flow regulating valve; 17-q, seventeenth flow regulating valve; 17-r, eighteenth flow regulating valve; 18, jet main pipe; 19-a, first jet riser; 19 -b, Second jet riser; 19-c, Third jet riser; 20-a, First temperature sensor; 20-b, Second temperature sensor; 20-c, Third temperature sensor; 20-d, Fourth temperature sensor; 20-e, Fifth temperature sensor; 20-f, Sixth temperature sensor; 20-g, Seventh temperature sensor; 20-h, Eighth temperature sensor; 20-i, Ninth temperature sensor; 20-j, Tenth temperature sensor; 20-k, Eleventh temperature sensor; 20-l, Twelfth temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a data center hierarchical cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler consists of six parts: a cooling water system, a chilled water system, a phase change energy storage tank 3, a row-level air conditioner 4, an immersion cooling device, and a server 8.

[0037] The cooling water system includes a cooling tower 1 and a cooling water pump 11; the chilled water system includes a chiller unit 2, a chilled water pump 12, a first water distributor 9-a, a first water collector 10-a, a three-way diverter valve 13-a, a three-way merge valve 13-b, a first circulating pump 14-a, a second circulating pump 14-b, a third circulating pump 14-c, a first plate heat exchanger 5-a, a second plate heat exchanger 5-b, and a third plate heat exchanger 5-c. The immersion cooling device includes a first liquid cooling cabinet 6-a, a second liquid cooling cabinet 6-b, a third liquid cooling cabinet 6-c, a liquid storage tank 7, a second water distributor 9-b, a third water distributor 9-c, a second water collector 10-b, a first liquid pump 15-a, a second liquid pump 15-b, a third liquid pump 15-c, and a fourth liquid pump 15-d. The side wall of the liquid cooling cabinet 6 is provided with an inlet 6-1 and an outlet 6-2, located on the same side of the outer wall of the liquid cooling cabinet 6, with the outlet 6-1 positioned higher than the inlet 6-2. Row-level air conditioners 4 are arranged within a frame arrangement, installed side-by-side with the liquid cooling cabinet 6, and arranged sequentially from the direction of the inlet (6-1) and outlet (6-2): first row-level air conditioner 4-a, first liquid cooling cabinet 6-a, second row-level air conditioner 4-b, second liquid cooling cabinet 6-b, third row-level air conditioner 4-c, and third liquid cooling cabinet 6-c. The bottom of server 8 is placed on liquid cooling cabinet 6, and server 8 is completely immersed in fluorinated liquid; the first server 8-a, the second server 8-b, the third server 8-c and the fourth server 8-d are arranged at equal intervals.

[0038] Chilled water produced by chiller unit 2, under the action of chilled water pump 12, flows from the second outlet 2-3 of the chiller unit into the inlet 13-a-1 of the three-way diverter valve. Chilled water flowing out from the first outlet 13-a-2 of the three-way diverter valve enters the first inlet 3-1 of the phase change energy storage tank. The chilled water exchanges heat with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage tank 3, storing the cooling capacity in the phase change material. After the temperature rises, the chilled water flows from the second inlet 3-2 of the phase change energy storage tank into the second inlet 13-b-2 of the three-way confluence valve, where it merges with the water flowing out from the second outlet 13-a-2 of the three-way diverter valve. Chilled water flowing into the first inlet 13-b-1 of the three-way confluence valve (port 13-a-3) mixes with the chilled water flowing into the first distributor inlet 9-a-1. Chilled water flowing out from the first outlet 9-a-2 of the first distributor, under the action of the first circulating pump 14-a, enters the first row-level air conditioner 4-a. The fan in the first row-level air conditioner 4-a blows the chilled water-cooled air into the data center. The chilled water, now at a higher temperature, enters the first plate heat exchanger 5-a, absorbs heat from the refrigerant, and then enters the first inlet 10 of the first water collector. a-1; Chilled water flowing from the second outlet 9-a-3 of the first distributor enters the second row air conditioner 4-b under the action of the second circulation pump 14-b. The fan in the second row air conditioner 4-b blows the air cooled by the chilled water into the data center. The chilled water, now at a higher temperature, enters the second plate heat exchanger 5-b, absorbs heat from the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the second inlet 10-a-2 of the first water collector; Chilled water flowing from the third outlet 9-a-4 of the first distributor enters the third circulation pump 14-c under the action of the third circulation pump. The row-level air conditioner 4-c uses a fan in the third row-level air conditioner 4-c to blow air cooled by chilled water into the data center. The chilled water, which has been heated again, enters the third plate heat exchanger 5-c, absorbs heat from the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the third inlet 10-a-3 of the first water collector. The chilled water flowing into the first inlet 10-a-1, the second inlet 10-a-2, and the third inlet 10-a-3 of the first water collector flows into the second inlet 2-4 of the chiller unit from the outlet 10-a-4 of the second water collector, thus forming a chilled water circulation.

[0039] Chilled water transfers heat to cooling water via refrigerant in chiller unit 2. The high-temperature cooling water enters cooling tower 1 from the first outlet 2-2 of the chiller unit, is cooled down in cooling tower 1, and then returns to the first outlet 2-1 of the chiller unit, thus forming a cooling water circulation.

[0040] When the liquid cooling system is first started, shut-off valve 21 is opened. After the fluorinated liquid initially immerses the server 8, shut-off valve 21 closes. The fluorinated liquid is injected into the storage tank 7 from the inlet 7-1 and flows from the storage tank 7 into the inlet 9-b-1 of the second water distributor. The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the first outlet 9-b-2 of the second water distributor passes through the first plate heat exchanger 5-a and enters the inlet 6-1 of the first liquid cooling cabinet 6-a, completely immersing the server 8. After absorbing the heat generated by the server 8, the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet 6-2 of the first liquid cooling cabinet 6-a and enters the first inlet 10-b-1 of the second water collector via the first liquid pump 15-a. The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the second outlet 9-b-3 of the second water distributor passes through the second plate heat exchanger 5-b and enters the inlet 6-1 of the second liquid cooling cabinet 6-b, completely immersing the server 8. After absorbing the heat generated by the server 8, the fluorinated liquid leaves from the second outlet 9-b-3 of the second water distributor and enters the inlet 6-1 of the second liquid cooling cabinet 6-b, completely immersing the server 8. The liquid exits from outlet 6-2 of the liquid cooler 6-b and enters the second inlet 10-b-2 of the second water collector via the second liquid pump 15-b. The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the third outlet 9-b-4 of the second water distributor passes through the third plate heat exchanger 5-c and enters the inlet 6-1 of the third liquid cooler 6-c, completely immersing the server 8. After absorbing the heat generated by the server 8, the fluorinated liquid exits from outlet 6-2 of the third liquid cooler 6-c and enters the third inlet 10-b-3 of the second water collector via the third liquid pump 15-c. The fourth outlet 9-b-5 of the second water distributor is closed, the third water distributor 9-c is closed, and the fourth liquid pump 15-d is closed. The fluorinated liquid flowing into the first inlet 10-b-1, the second inlet 10-b-2, and the third inlet 10-b-3 of the second water collector flows into the storage tank 7 from outlet 10-b-4 of the second water collector, forming the first fluorinated liquid circulation.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment has the same structure as embodiment 1, and the working process in embodiment 1 continues. The difference is that when the temperature sensor 20 detects that the surface temperature of the server 8 is too high, the jet cooling device in the liquid cooling cabinet 6 starts to operate.

[0043] In the liquid cooling cabinet 6, a first jet riser 19-a is provided between the first server 8-a and the second server 8-b; a first jet ejector 16-a, a second jet ejector 16-b, a third jet ejector 16-c, a fourth jet ejector 16-d, a fifth jet ejector 16-e, and a sixth jet ejector 16-f are installed on the first jet riser 19-a; a second jet riser 19-b is provided between the second server 8-b and the third server 8-c; a seventh jet ejector 16-g, an eighth jet ejector 16-h, and a ninth jet ejector 16-i are installed on the second jet riser 19-b. Tenth jet ejector 16-j, eleventh jet ejector 16-k, and twelfth jet ejector 16-l; a third jet riser 19-c is provided between the third server 8-c and the fourth server 8-d; the thirteenth jet ejector 16-m, fourteenth jet ejector 16-n, fifteenth jet ejector 16-o, sixteenth jet ejector 16-p, seventeenth jet ejector 16-q, and eighteenth jet ejector 16-r are installed on the third jet riser 19-c; the tops of the first jet riser 19-a, second jet riser 19-b, and third jet riser 19-c are connected to the jet main pipe 18. Temperature sensors 20 are installed at the top, middle, and bottom of each server 8; a flow regulating valve 17 is installed between each jet ejector 16 and the jet riser 19.

[0044] The first temperature sensor 20-a, the second temperature sensor 20-b, and the third temperature sensor 20-c are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the first server 8-a, respectively; the fourth temperature sensor 20-d, the fifth temperature sensor 20-e, and the sixth temperature sensor 20-f are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the second server 8-b, respectively; the seventh temperature sensor 20-g, the eighth temperature sensor 20-h, and the ninth temperature sensor 20-i are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the third server 8-c, respectively; and the tenth temperature sensor 20-j, the eleventh temperature sensor 20-k, and the twelfth temperature sensor 20-l are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the fourth server 8-d, respectively.

[0045] When temperature sensor 20 detects that the surface temperature of server 8 is too high, the fourth outlet 9-b-5 of the second water distributor opens, and the fluorinated liquid enters the second inlet 3-3 of the phase change energy storage tank, where it exchanges heat with the phase change material in the tank. The fluorinated liquid, after its temperature is reduced, flows out from the second outlet 3-4 of the phase change energy storage tank and enters the inlet 9-c-1 of the third water distributor via the fourth liquid pump 15-d. The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the first outlet 9-c-2 of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe 18 of the first liquid cooler 6-a, the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the second outlet 9-c-3 of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe 18 of the second liquid cooler 6-b, and the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the third outlet 9-c-4 of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe 18 of the third liquid cooler 6-c. The fluorinated liquid then passes through the jet main pipe 18, the jet riser 19, and the flow regulating valve 17 in sequence before entering the ejector 16.

[0046] By adjusting the first flow regulating valve 17-a, the second flow regulating valve 17-b, the third flow regulating valve 17-c, the fourth flow regulating valve 17-d, the fifth flow regulating valve 17-e, the sixth flow regulating valve 17-f, the seventh flow regulating valve 17-g, the eighth flow regulating valve 17-h, the ninth flow regulating valve 17-i, the tenth flow regulating valve 17-j, the eleventh flow regulating valve 17-k, the twelfth flow regulating valve 17-l, the thirteenth flow regulating valve 17-m, the fourteenth flow regulating valve 17-n, the fifteenth flow regulating valve 17-o, the sixteenth flow regulating valve 17-p, the seventeenth flow regulating valve 17-q, and the eighteenth flow regulating valve 17-r, the flow into the first ejector 16-a, the second ejector 16-b, and the third ejector 17-r are controlled one-to-one. The flow rates of fluorinated liquid from ejectors 16-c, 16-d, 16-e, 16-f, 16-g, 16-h, 16-i, 16-j, 16-k, 16-l, 16-m, 16-n, 16-o, 16-p, 16-q, and 16-r are as follows: The fluorinated liquid is ejected at high speed from ejectors 16 and directly impacts the surface of the corresponding server 8 to achieve heat dissipation; After the ejected fluorinated liquid mixes with the immersed fluorinated liquid in the liquid cooler 6, it leaves from the outlet 6-2 and flows into the storage tank 7 through the second water collector 10-b, forming the second fluorinated liquid circulation.

Claims

1. A tiered cooling system for data centers, coupled with row-level air conditioning and immersion jet liquid coolers, characterized in that: It consists of six parts: a cooling water system, a chilled water system, a phase change energy storage tank (3), a row-level air conditioner (4), an immersion jet cooling device, and a server (8); The cooling water system includes a cooling tower (1) and a cooling water pump (11); the chilled water system includes a chiller unit (2), a chilled water pump (12), a first water distributor (9-a), a first water collector (10-a), a three-way diverter valve (13-a), a three-way merging valve (13-b), a first circulating pump (14-a), a second circulating pump (14-b), a third circulating pump (14-c), a first plate heat exchanger (5-a), a second plate heat exchanger (5-b), and a third plate heat exchanger (5-c); The cooling tower (1) is connected to the cooling water pump (11) via a pipe, the cooling water pump (11) is connected to the first inlet (2-1) of the chiller unit via a pipe, and the first outlet (2-2) of the chiller unit is connected to the cooling tower (1) via a pipe. The second outlet (2-3) of the chiller unit is connected to the chilled water pump (12) via a pipe; the three-way diverter valve (13-a) and the three-way combiner valve (13-b) are installed on the pipe between the chilled water pump (12) and the first distributor (9-a); the inlet (13-a-1) of the three-way diverter valve is connected to the chilled water pump via a pipe; the first outlet (13-a-2) of the three-way diverter valve is connected to the first inlet (3-1) of the phase change energy storage tank via a pipe; the second outlet of the three-way diverter valve (13-a-3) is connected to the first inlet (13-b-1) of the three-way combiner valve via a pipe; the second inlet (13-b-2) of the three-way combiner valve is connected to the first outlet (3-2) of the phase change energy storage tank via a pipe; and the outlet (13-b-3) of the three-way combiner valve is connected to the inlet (9-a-1) of the first distributor via a pipe. The first outlet (9-a-2) of the first water distributor is connected to the first circulating pump (14-a) via a pipe. The first circulating pump (14-a) is connected to the first row air conditioner (4-a) via a pipe. The first row air conditioner (4-a) is connected to the cold end inlet of the first plate heat exchanger (5-a) via a pipe. The cold end outlet of the first plate heat exchanger (5-a) is connected to the first inlet (10-a-1) of the first water collector via a pipe. The second outlet (9-a-3) of the first water distributor is connected to the second circulating pump (14-b) via a pipe. The second circulating pump (14-b) is connected to the second row air conditioner (4-b) via a pipe. The second row air conditioner (4-b) is connected to the second plate heat exchanger (10-a-1) via a pipe. The cold end inlet of 5-b) is connected, and the cold end outlet of the second plate heat exchanger (5-b) is connected to the second inlet (10-a-2) of the first water collector via a pipe; the third outlet (9-a-3) of the first water distributor is connected to the third circulating pump (14-c) via a pipe, and the third circulating pump (14-c) is connected to the third row air conditioner (4-c) via a pipe, and the third row air conditioner (4-c) is connected to the cold end inlet of the third plate heat exchanger (5-c) via a pipe, and the cold end outlet of the third plate heat exchanger (5-c) is connected to the third inlet (10-a-3) of the first water collector via a pipe; the outlet (10-a-4) of the first water collector is connected to the second inlet (2-4) of the chiller unit via a pipe; The immersion jet cooling device includes a first liquid cooling cabinet (6-a), a second liquid cooling cabinet (6-b), a third liquid cooling cabinet (6-c), a liquid storage tank (7), a second water distributor (9-b), a third water distributor (9-c), a second water collector (10-b), a first liquid pump (15-a), a second liquid pump (15-b), a third liquid pump (15-c), a fourth liquid pump (15-d), and a jet injector (16); the side wall of the liquid cooling cabinet (6) is provided with a liquid outlet (6-1) and a liquid inlet (6-2), the liquid outlet (6-1) being... -1) and the liquid inlet (6-2) are located on the same side of the outer wall of the liquid cooler (6), and the position of the liquid outlet (6-1) is higher than the position of the liquid inlet (6-2); the row air conditioner (4) is arranged in the rack arrangement and installed side by side with the liquid cooler (6), and from the direction of the liquid outlet (6-1) and the liquid inlet (6-2) are: the first row air conditioner (4-a), the first liquid cooler (6-a), the second row air conditioner (4-b), the second liquid cooler (6-b), the third row air conditioner (4-c) and the third liquid cooler (6-c); The outlet (6-1) of the first liquid cooler (6-a) is connected to the first liquid pump (15-a) via a pipe. The first liquid pump (15-a) is connected to the first inlet (10-b-1) of the second water collector via a pipe. The outlet (6-1) of the second liquid cooler (6-b) is connected to the second liquid pump (15-b) via a pipe. The second liquid pump (15-b) is connected to the second inlet (10-b-2) of the second water collector via a pipe. The outlet (6-1) of the third liquid cooler (6-c) is connected to the third liquid pump (15-c) via a pipe. -c) Connected via a pipe to the third inlet (10-b-3) of the second water collector; the outlet (10-b-4) of the second water collector is connected via a pipe to the storage tank (7), which is connected via a pipe to the inlet (9-b-1) of the second water distributor; the first outlet (9-b-2) of the second water distributor is connected via a pipe to the hot end inlet of the first plate heat exchanger (5-a), and the hot end outlet of the first plate heat exchanger (5-a) is connected via a pipe to the inlet (6-2) of the first liquid cooler (6-a); the second outlet (9-b-3) of the second water distributor is connected via a pipe to the third inlet (10-b-3) of the second water distributor. The second water distributor's third outlet (9-b-4) is connected to the hot-end inlet of the second plate heat exchanger (5-c) via a pipe, and the hot-end outlet of the second plate heat exchanger (5-c) is connected to the inlet (6-2) of the second liquid cooler (6-b) via a pipe; the second water distributor's fourth outlet (9-b-5) is connected to the second inlet (3-3) of the phase change energy storage tank via a pipe. The second outlet (3-4) of the phase change energy storage tank is connected to the fourth liquid pump (15-d) via a pipe, and the fourth liquid pump (15-d) is connected to the inlet (9-c-1) of the third water distributor via a pipe; the first outlet (9-c-2) of the third water distributor is connected to the jet main pipe (18) of the first liquid cooler (6-a) via a pipe, the second outlet (9-c-3) of the third water distributor is connected to the jet main pipe (18) of the second liquid cooler (6-b) via a pipe, and the third outlet (9-c-4) of the third water distributor is connected to the jet main pipe (18) of the third liquid cooler (6-c) via a pipe; The bottom of the server (8) is placed on the liquid cooling cabinet (6), and the server (8) is completely immersed in the fluorinated liquid; the first server (8-a), the second server (8-b), the third server (8-c) and the fourth server (8-d) are arranged at equal intervals.

2. The data center tiered cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A first jet riser (19-a) is provided between the first server (8-a) and the second server (8-b); a first jet nozzle (16-a), a second jet nozzle (16-b), a third jet nozzle (16-c), a fourth jet nozzle (16-d), a fifth jet nozzle (16-e), and a sixth jet nozzle (16-f) are installed on the first jet riser (19-a); the first jet nozzle (16-a) and the second jet nozzle (16-b) are installed at the same height, the third jet nozzle (16-c) and the fourth jet nozzle (16-d) are installed at the same height, and the fifth jet nozzle (16-e) and the sixth jet nozzle (16-f) are installed at the same height; the first jet... The position of ejector (16-a) is higher than that of the third ejector (16-c), and the position of the third ejector (16-c) is higher than that of the fifth ejector (16-e); a second ejector riser (19-b) is provided between the second server (8-b) and the third server (8-c); the seventh ejector (16-g), the eighth ejector (16-h), the ninth ejector (16-i), the tenth ejector (16-j), the eleventh ejector (16-k), and the twelfth ejector (16-1) are installed on the second ejector riser (19-b); the seventh ejector (16-g) and the eighth ejector (16-h) are installed at the same height, and the ninth ejector (16-i) and the twelfth ejector (16-e) are installed at the same height. Ten jet ejectors (16-j) are installed at the same height, and the eleventh jet ejector (16-k) and twelfth jet ejector (16-1) are installed at the same height; the seventh jet ejector (16-g) is positioned higher than the ninth jet ejector (16-i), and the ninth jet ejector (16-i) is positioned higher than the eleventh jet ejector (16-k); a third jet riser (19-c) is provided between the third server (8-c) and the fourth server (8-d); the thirteenth jet ejector (16-m), fourteenth jet ejector (16-n), fifteenth jet ejector (16-o), sixteenth jet ejector (16-p), and seventeenth jet ejector (16-q) are installed on the third jet riser (19-c). The thirteenth jet (16-m) and the fourteenth jet (16-n) are installed at the same height, the fifteenth jet (16-o) and the sixteenth jet (16-p) are installed at the same height, and the seventeenth jet (16-q) and the eighteenth jet (16-r) are installed at the same height; the thirteenth jet (16-m) is positioned higher than the fifteenth jet (16-o), and the fifteenth jet (16-o) is positioned higher than the seventeenth jet (16-q); the tops of the first jet riser (19-a), the second jet riser (19-b), and the third jet riser (19-c) are connected to the jet main pipe (18).

3. The data center tiered cooling system coupled with row-level air conditioning and immersion jet liquid cooler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature sensor (20-a), the second temperature sensor (20-b), and the third temperature sensor (20-c) are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the first server (8-a); the fourth temperature sensor (20-d), the fifth temperature sensor (20-e), and the sixth temperature sensor (20-f) are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the second server (8-b); the seventh temperature sensor (20-g), the eighth temperature sensor (20-h), and the ninth temperature sensor (20-i) are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the third server (8-c); and the tenth temperature sensor (20-j), the eleventh temperature sensor (20-k), and the twelfth temperature sensor (20-1) are respectively located at the top, middle, and bottom of the fourth server (8-d).

4. A data center tiered cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first flow regulating valve (17-a), the second flow regulating valve (17-b), the third flow regulating valve (17-c), the fourth flow regulating valve (17-d), the fifth flow regulating valve (17-e), and the sixth flow regulating valve (17-f) are respectively installed between the first jet riser (19-a) and the first jet ejector (16-a), the second jet ejector (16-b), the third jet ejector (16-c), the fourth jet ejector (16-d), the fifth jet ejector (16-e), and the sixth jet ejector (16-f); the seventh flow regulating valve (17-g), the eighth flow regulating valve (17-h), the ninth flow regulating valve (17-i), the tenth flow regulating valve (17-j), the eleventh flow regulating valve (17-k), and the twelfth flow regulating valve (17-1) are respectively installed between the second jet riser (19-b) and the seventh jet ejector. The flow regulators (16-g), eighth flow regulator (16-h), ninth flow regulator (16-i), tenth flow regulator (16-j), eleventh flow regulator (16-k), and twelfth flow regulator (16-l) are respectively located between the third flow riser (19-c) and the thirteenth flow regulator (16-m), fourteenth flow regulator (16-n), fifteenth flow regulator (16-o), sixteenth flow regulator (16-p), seventeenth flow regulator (17-q), and eighteenth flow regulator (16-r); the shut-off valve (21) is located at the inlet (7-1) of the storage tank.

5. A data center tiered cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material used in the phase change energy storage tank (3) is decanoic acid + palmitate, with a phase change temperature of 22.11℃ and a latent heat of phase change of 158.4kJ / kg.

6. The operation method of a data center tiered cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chilled water produced by the chiller unit (2) flows from the second outlet (2-3) of the chiller unit into the inlet (13-a-1) of the three-way diverter valve under the action of the chilled water pump (12). The chilled water flowing out from the first outlet (13-a-2) of the three-way diverter valve enters the first inlet (3-1) of the phase change energy storage tank. The chilled water exchanges heat with the phase change material in the phase change energy storage tank (3) and stores the cold energy in the phase change material. The chilled water with the increased temperature flows from the second inlet (3-2) of the phase change energy storage tank into the second inlet (13-b-2) of the three-way confluence valve and flows out from the second outlet (3-a-2) of the three-way diverter valve. The chilled water flowing from the outlet (13-a-3) into the first inlet (13-b-1) of the three-way confluence valve mixes and flows into the inlet (9-a-1) of the first water distributor. The chilled water flowing out from the first outlet (9-a-2) of the first water distributor enters the first row air conditioner (4-a) under the action of the first circulation pump (14-a). The fan in the first row air conditioner (4-a) blows the air cooled by the chilled water into the data center. The chilled water, whose temperature has risen again, enters the first plate heat exchanger (5-a), absorbs the heat of the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the first inlet (10-) of the first water collector. a-1); Chilled water flowing from the second outlet (9-a-3) of the first distributor enters the second row air conditioner (4-b) under the action of the second circulation pump (14-b). The fan in the second row air conditioner (4-b) blows the air cooled by the chilled water into the data center. The chilled water, now at a higher temperature, enters the second plate heat exchanger (5-b), absorbs heat from the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the second inlet (10-a-2) of the first collector. Chilled water flowing from the third outlet (9-a-4) of the first distributor enters the third circulation pump (14-c) under the action of the third circulation pump. The row-level air conditioner (4-c) uses a fan in the third row-level air conditioner (4-c) to blow air cooled by chilled water into the data center. The chilled water, which has been heated again, enters the third plate heat exchanger (5-c), absorbs heat from the fluorinated liquid, and then enters the third inlet (10-a-3) of the first water collector. The chilled water flowing into the first inlet (10-a-1), second inlet (10-a-2), and third inlet (10-a-3) of the first water collector flows into the second inlet (2-4) of the chiller unit from the outlet (10-a-4) of the second water collector, thus forming a chilled water circulation. Chilled water transfers heat to cooling water through the refrigerant in the chiller unit (2). The high-temperature cooling water enters the cooling tower (1) from the first outlet (2-2) of the chiller unit. After being cooled and cooled in the cooling tower (1), it returns to the first outlet (2-1) of the chiller unit, thus forming a cooling water circulation. When the liquid cooling device is first started, the shut-off valve (21) is opened, and the fluorinated liquid is injected into the storage tank (7) through the inlet (7-1) of the storage tank, and flows from the storage tank (7) into the inlet (9-b-1) of the second water distributor; the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the first outlet (9-b-2) of the second water distributor passes through the first plate heat exchanger (5-a) and enters the inlet (6-2) of the first liquid cooling cabinet (6-a) to completely immerse the server (8). After absorbing the heat generated by the server (8), the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet (6-1) of the first liquid cooling cabinet (6-a) and enters the first inlet (10-b-1) of the second water collector through the first liquid pump (15-a); the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the second outlet (9-b-3) of the second water distributor passes through the second plate heat exchanger (5-b) and enters the inlet (6-2) of the second liquid cooling cabinet (6-b) to completely immerse the server (8). The fluorinated liquid absorbs the heat generated by the server (8) After absorbing the heat generated by the server (8), the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet (6-1) of the second liquid cooler (6-b) and enters the second inlet (10-b-2) of the second water collector via the second liquid pump (15-b). The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the third outlet (9-b-4) of the second water distributor enters the inlet (6-2) of the third liquid cooler (6-c) via the third plate heat exchanger (5-c) and completely submerges the server (8). After absorbing the heat generated by the server (8), the fluorinated liquid leaves from the outlet (6-1) of the third liquid cooler (6-c) and enters the third inlet (10-b-3) of the second water collector via the third liquid pump (15-c). The fluorinated liquid flowing into the first inlet (10-b-1), second inlet (10-b-2), and third inlet (10-b-3) of the second water collector flows into the storage tank (7) from the outlet (10-b-4) of the second water collector, forming the first fluorinated liquid circulation. When the surface temperature of the server (8) is too high, the fourth outlet (9-b-5) of the second water distributor opens, and the fluorinated liquid enters the second inlet (3-3) of the phase change energy storage tank, where it exchanges heat with the phase change material in the tank. The fluorinated liquid, after its temperature is reduced, flows out from the second outlet (3-4) of the phase change energy storage tank and enters the inlet (9-c-1) of the third water distributor via the fourth liquid pump (15-d). The fluorinated liquid flowing out from the first outlet (9-c-2) of the third water distributor enters the jet main (18) of the first liquid cooler (6-a), and the fluorinated liquid flowing out from the second outlet (9-c-3) of the third water distributor enters the second liquid cooler (6-b). The fluorinated liquid flowing from the third outlet (9-c-4) of the third water distributor enters the jet main pipe (18) of the third liquid cooler (6-c); the fluorinated liquid passes through the jet main pipe (18), the jet riser (19), and the flow regulating valve (17) in sequence, and enters the jetter (16); the fluorinated liquid is sprayed out at high speed from the jetter (16) and directly impacts the surface of the corresponding server (8) to achieve heat dissipation; after the sprayed fluorinated liquid and the immersed fluorinated liquid are mixed in the liquid cooler (6), it leaves from the outlet (6-1), flows through the second water collector (10-b) into the storage tank (7), and forms the second fluorinated liquid circulation.

7. The operation method of a data center tiered cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler as described in claim 6, characterized in that: After the fluorinated liquid first submerges the server (8), the shut-off valve (21) closes; the first temperature sensor (20-a), the second temperature sensor (20-b), and the third temperature sensor (20-c) are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the first server (8-a), respectively; the fourth temperature sensor (20-d), the fifth temperature sensor (20-e), and the sixth temperature sensor (20-f) are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the second server (8-b), respectively; the seventh temperature sensor (20-g), the eighth temperature sensor (20-h), and the ninth temperature sensor (20-i) are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the third server (8-c), respectively; and the tenth temperature sensor (20-j), the eleventh temperature sensor (20-k), and the twelfth temperature sensor (20-l) are used to detect the temperature of the top, middle, and bottom of the fourth server (8-d), respectively.

8. The operation method of a data center tiered cooling system coupled with a row-level air conditioner and an immersion jet liquid cooler as described in claim 6, characterized in that: By adjusting the first flow regulating valve (17-a), second flow regulating valve (17-b), third flow regulating valve (17-c), fourth flow regulating valve (17-d), fifth flow regulating valve (17-e), sixth flow regulating valve (17-f), seventh flow regulating valve (17-g), eighth flow regulating valve (17-h), ninth flow regulating valve (17-i), tenth flow regulating valve (17-j), eleventh flow regulating valve (17-k), twelfth flow regulating valve (17-l), thirteenth flow regulating valve (17-m), fourteenth flow regulating valve (17-n), fifteenth flow regulating valve (17-o), sixteenth flow regulating valve (17-p), seventeenth flow regulating valve (17-q), and eighteenth flow regulating valve... The flow regulating valve (17-r) controls the flow rate of the fluorinated liquid entering the first ejector (16-a), second ejector (16-b), third ejector (16-c), fourth ejector (16-d), fifth ejector (16-e), sixth ejector (16-f), seventh ejector (16-g), eighth ejector (16-h), ninth ejector (16-i), tenth ejector (16-j), eleventh ejector (16-k), twelfth ejector (16-l), thirteenth ejector (16-m), fourteenth ejector (16-n), fifteenth ejector (16-o), sixteenth ejector (16-p), seventeenth ejector (16-q), and eighteenth ejector (16-r) respectively.

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