Soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of landslide prevention and control technology, and more particularly to a soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials for the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides include, by volume, 1 part calcium chloride solution, 2-2.5 parts sodium carbonate solution, 3-4 parts potassium sulfate solution, and 4-5 parts zinc silicate solution. The method is simple to operate, utilizes readily available raw materials, does not require extensive manpower and material resources, and exhibits excellent landslide prevention and control effects, facilitating large-scale promotion and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of landslide prevention and control, in particular to a soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslide and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Landslides occur when a portion of rock or soil on a slope, under the influence of gravity (including the weight of the rock or soil itself and the static and dynamic pressure of groundwater), undergoes shear displacement along a weak structural surface or zone, causing the entire structure to move downward. Commonly known as "mountain collapse," "ground slide," or "earth slide," these landslides are common geological hazards. Especially in the southwest, abundant rainfall and fluctuating reservoir water levels often trigger landslides, posing a serious threat to life, property, and the safe operation of reservoirs.

[0003] Soil stabilizer, short for soil solidifying admixture, is a new energy-saving and environmentally friendly engineering material synthesized from a variety of inorganic and organic materials for solidifying various types of soil. For soil requiring reinforcement, simply add a specific amount of stabilizer, mix thoroughly, and compact it, depending on the soil's physical and chemical properties, to achieve the desired performance indicators. Using soil stabilizers to reinforce mountain rock and soil is a common technical approach for preventing and controlling landslides. However, currently used soil stabilizers require significant mixing and compaction, requiring significant manpower and material resources, and offer limited reinforcement effectiveness, making them unsuitable for large-scale landslide prevention and control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above content, the present invention provides a soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides. The raw materials include, by volume, 1 part of calcium chloride solution, 2-2.5 parts of sodium carbonate solution, 3-4 parts of potassium sulfate solution, and 4-5 parts of zinc silicate solution.

[0007] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 60-70%; the solvent of the calcium chloride solution is a mixture of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90-95:5-10.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 28-32%; the sodium carbonate solution is specifically a sodium carbonate aqueous solution.

[0009] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the potassium sulfate solution is 10-20%; the potassium sulfate solution is specifically a potassium sulfate aqueous solution.

[0010] Furthermore, the mass concentration of the zinc silicate solution is 25-30%; the solvent of the zinc silicate solution is a mixture of acetic acid, water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 50:40-45:5-10.

[0011] The second technical solution of the present invention is a method for preparing the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Prepare calcium chloride solution, sodium carbonate solution, potassium sulfate solution and zinc silicate solution respectively and set aside after preparation.

[0013] The third technical solution of the present invention is a method for applying the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Spray calcium chloride solution on the soil surface, wait for the calcium chloride solution to completely penetrate the soil, spray sodium carbonate solution, wait for the sodium carbonate to completely penetrate the soil, spray potassium sulfate solution, wait for the potassium sulfate solution to completely penetrate the soil, spray zinc silicate solution, wait for the soil to dry, and complete the soil solidification for preventing and controlling landslides;

[0015] The spraying amount of the soil solidifier is 15-18kg / m 2 Mountain soil.

[0016] Preferably, each time spraying is performed, a small amount of spraying is used multiple times to ensure sufficient penetration of the solution.

[0017] A fourth technical solution of the present invention is a method for improving the effect of preventing and controlling landslides, which uses the above-mentioned soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides.

[0018] Furthermore, before spraying the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, steel nails are driven vertically into the mountain soil.

[0019] The diameter of the steel nail is 5 mm and the length is 150 mm. Driving the steel nail can not only anchor the soil, but also promote the penetration of the soil solidifier into the mountain soil.

[0020] The straight-line distance between adjacent steel nails is 1.5m-2m.

[0021] Technical concept of the present invention:

[0022] The method of the present invention first sprays a calcium chloride solution, which can cause calcium ions to exist in mountain soil at a certain depth. Subsequently, sodium carbonate sprayed will react with the calcium ions to generate calcium carbonate. At the same time, sodium ions exist in the soil. Then, potassium sulfate solution sprayed will react with calcium carbonate to generate calcium sulfate dihydrate, i.e., gypsum. At this time, gypsum, sodium ions, potassium ions and carbonate ions exist in the soil at the same time. Subsequently, zinc silicate sprayed will react with the sodium ions, potassium ions and carbonate ions in the soil to generate sodium silicate, potassium silicate and zinc carbonate. Sodium silicate can be used as a mineral adhesive to bond the soil, while potassium silicate has hygroscopicity and can prevent moisture from damaging the soil sol structure. Zinc carbonate, i.e., smithsonite, has a high hardness. Gypsum, potassium silicate, sodium silicate and zinc carbonate form a network structure in the soil, which jointly enhances the strength, cohesiveness and hygroscopicity of the mountain soil, thereby playing a role in preventing and controlling landslides.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] The method of the present invention is simple to operate, the raw materials are easily available, a large amount of manpower and material resources are not required, and the prevention and control effect of landslides is good, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms described herein are intended only to describe particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for numerical ranges herein, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the scope.

[0027] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated document, the contents of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments described herein without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the description of the invention. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.

[0029] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0030] The invention provides a soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides. The raw materials include 1 part of calcium chloride solution, 2-2.5 parts of sodium carbonate solution, 3-4 parts of potassium sulfate solution and 4-5 parts of zinc silicate solution in parts by volume.

[0031] In the present invention, the mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 60-70%; the solvent of the calcium chloride solution is a mixture of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90-95:5-10.

[0032] A small amount of ethanol can promote the penetration of calcium chloride solution into the soil and enhance the penetration depth of calcium chloride solution in mountain soil.

[0033] In the present invention, the mass concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 28-32%; the sodium carbonate solution is specifically a sodium carbonate aqueous solution.

[0034] In the present invention, the mass concentration of the potassium sulfate solution is 10-20%; the potassium sulfate solution is specifically a potassium sulfate aqueous solution.

[0035] In the present invention, the mass concentration of the zinc silicate solution is 25-30%; the solvent of the zinc silicate solution is a mixture of acetic acid, water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 50:40-45:5-10.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, comprising the following steps:

[0037] Prepare calcium chloride solution, sodium carbonate solution, potassium sulfate solution and zinc silicate solution respectively and set aside after preparation.

[0038] The present invention also provides a method for applying the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Spray calcium chloride solution on the soil surface, wait for the calcium chloride solution to completely penetrate the soil, spray sodium carbonate solution, wait for the sodium carbonate to completely penetrate the soil, spray potassium sulfate solution, wait for the potassium sulfate solution to completely penetrate the soil, spray zinc silicate solution, wait for the soil to dry, and complete the soil solidification for preventing and controlling landslides;

[0040] The spraying amount of the soil solidifier is 15-18kg / m 2 Mountain soil.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each time spraying is performed, a small amount of spraying is performed multiple times to ensure sufficient penetration of the solution.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for improving the effect of preventing and controlling landslides, which adopts the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides.

[0043] In the present invention, before spraying the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, steel nails are vertically driven into the mountain soil.

[0044] The diameter of the steel nail is 5 mm and the length is 150 mm. Driving the steel nail can not only anchor the soil, but also promote the penetration of the soil solidifier into the mountain soil.

[0045] The straight-line distance between adjacent steel nails is 1.5m-2m.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the embodiments of the present invention can be obtained through commercial channels.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Step 1, preparing a soil solidifying agent: adding calcium chloride to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90:10 to prepare a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 65%, and set aside.

[0049] Add sodium carbonate to water to prepare a sodium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 30%, and set aside.

[0050] Add potassium sulfate to water to prepare a potassium sulfate solution with a mass concentration of 15% for later use.

[0051] Zinc silicate was added to acetic acid to prepare a 50% zinc silicate acetic acid solution, and then water and ethanol (water:ethanol volume ratio 40:10) were added to obtain a 25% zinc silicate solution for later use.

[0052] Step 2: Spray the mountain soil with 1 part calcium chloride solution, 2.2 parts sodium carbonate solution, 3.5 parts potassium sulfate solution, and 4.5 parts zinc silicate solution in the order of volume. Each time, wait until the previous solution has completely penetrated the soil before spraying another solution. The spraying method is to spray in small amounts multiple times.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Step 1, preparing a soil solidifying agent: adding calcium chloride to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90:10 to prepare a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 70%, and set aside.

[0055] Add sodium carbonate to water to prepare a sodium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 32%, and set aside.

[0056] Add potassium sulfate to water to prepare a potassium sulfate solution with a mass concentration of 20%, and set aside.

[0057] Zinc silicate was added to acetic acid to prepare a 50% zinc silicate acetic acid solution, and then water and ethanol (water:ethanol volume ratio 40:10) were added to obtain a 30% zinc silicate solution for later use.

[0058] Step 2: Spray the mountain soil with 1 part calcium chloride solution, 2.5 parts sodium carbonate solution, 4 parts potassium sulfate solution, and 5 parts zinc silicate solution in the order of volume. Each time, wait until the previous solution has completely penetrated the soil before spraying another solution. The spraying method is to spray in small amounts multiple times.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] Step 1, preparing a soil solidifying agent: adding calcium chloride to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 95:5 to prepare a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 60%, and set aside.

[0061] Add sodium carbonate to water to prepare a sodium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 28%, and set aside.

[0062] Add potassium sulfate to water to prepare a potassium sulfate solution with a mass concentration of 10%, and set aside.

[0063] Zinc silicate was added to acetic acid to prepare a 50% zinc silicate acetic acid solution, and then water and ethanol (water:ethanol volume ratio 45:5) were added to obtain a 25% zinc silicate solution for later use.

[0064] Step 2: Spray the mountain soil with 1 part calcium chloride solution, 2 parts sodium carbonate solution, 3 parts potassium sulfate solution, and 4 parts zinc silicate solution in the order of volume. Each time, wait until the previous solution has completely penetrated the soil before spraying another solution. The spraying method is to spray in small amounts multiple times.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] Step 1, preparing a soil solidifying agent: adding calcium chloride to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90:10 to prepare a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 70%, and set aside.

[0067] Add sodium carbonate to water to prepare a sodium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 32%, and set aside.

[0068] Add potassium sulfate to water to prepare a potassium sulfate solution with a mass concentration of 20%, and set aside.

[0069] Zinc silicate was added to acetic acid to prepare a 50% zinc silicate acetic acid solution, and then water and ethanol (water:ethanol volume ratio 40:10) were added to obtain a 30% zinc silicate solution for later use.

[0070] Step 2: First, drive a steel nail (5 mm in diameter and 150 mm in length) into the mountain soil. Then, spray the mountain soil in the following order: 1 part calcium chloride solution, 2.5 parts sodium carbonate solution, 4 parts potassium sulfate solution, and 5 parts zinc silicate solution by volume. Each time, wait until the previous solution has completely penetrated the soil before spraying another solution. The spraying method is to spray in small amounts and multiple times.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] Step 1, preparing a soil solidifying agent: adding calcium chloride to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90:10 to prepare a calcium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 70%, and set aside.

[0073] Add sodium carbonate to water to prepare a sodium carbonate solution with a mass concentration of 32%, and set aside.

[0074] Add potassium sulfate to water to prepare a potassium sulfate solution with a mass concentration of 20%, and set aside.

[0075] Step 2: Spray the mountain soil in the following order: 1 part calcium chloride solution, 2.5 parts sodium carbonate solution, and 4 parts potassium sulfate solution by volume. Each time, wait until the previous solution has completely penetrated into the soil before spraying another solution. The spraying method is to spray in small amounts multiple times.

[0076] The solidification effect of the soil solidifier on the mountain soil in Example 1-5 was tested on a hillside in Hezhou City, Guangxi. The spraying rate of the soil solidifier was 16 kg / m 2 Mountain soil, with mountain soil not sprayed with soil solidifier as the control group. Solidification effect tests include compressive strength, compressive strength after dry-wet cycles, and compressive strength after freeze-thaw cycles.

[0077] 28d compressive strength: The soil solidified by soil solidifier (the sampling point is 10cm away from the soil surface of the mountain) is made into a cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. It is statically pressed into shape with a jack and placed in a standard curing box for curing for 28d. After drying, the compressive strength test is carried out.

[0078] Compressive strength after dry-wet cycle: The soil solidified by the soil solidifier is made into a cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 50mm and a height of 50mm. It is statically pressed into shape with a jack, placed in a standard curing box for 7 days, and then dried in a 70℃ oven for 24 hours. Then, it is placed in a water bath for 24 hours and the temperature is set to (20±1)℃. This process is a dry-wet cycle process, that is, a dry-wet cycle cycle is 2 days. After repeating 10 times, the compressive strength is measured.

[0079] Compressive strength after freeze-thaw cycles: The soil solidified by the soil solidifier is made into a cylindrical specimen with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 50 mm. It is statically pressed into shape with a jack and placed in a standard curing box for 28 days before undergoing freeze-thaw cycles. The freeze-thaw cycle process is: freezing at -18°C for 16 hours, and then thawing in a dissolving water tank at (20±1)°C for 8 hours, ensuring that the water level is 2 cm higher than the specimen. After 10 freeze-thaw cycles, the compressive strength is measured.

[0080] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1

[0082] 28d compressive strength (MPa) Compressive strength after dry-wet cycles Compressive strength after freeze-thaw cycles Example 1 10.61 9.54 9.73 Example 2 11.28 10.30 10.48 Example 3 9.03 8.09 8.20 Example 4 11.92 10.84 10.97 Example 5 3.21 1.93 2.04 control group 1.15 0.43 0.49

[0083] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, characterized in that: The raw materials include 1 part of calcium chloride solution, 2-2.5 parts of sodium carbonate solution, 3-4 parts of potassium sulfate solution, and 4-5 parts of zinc silicate solution by volume; The mass concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 60-70%; the solvent of the calcium chloride solution is a mixture of water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 90-95:5-10; The mass concentration of the sodium carbonate solution is 28-32%; the sodium carbonate solution is specifically a sodium carbonate aqueous solution; The mass concentration of the potassium sulfate solution is 10-20%; the potassium sulfate solution is specifically a potassium sulfate aqueous solution; The mass concentration of the zinc silicate solution is 25-30%; the solvent of the zinc silicate solution is a mixture of acetic acid, water and ethanol in a volume ratio of 50:40-45:5-10.

2. A method for using the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides according to claim 1 in preventing and controlling landslides, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Spray calcium chloride solution on the soil surface, wait for the calcium chloride solution to completely penetrate the soil, spray sodium carbonate solution, wait for the sodium carbonate to completely penetrate the soil, spray potassium sulfate solution, wait for the potassium sulfate solution to completely penetrate the soil, spray zinc silicate solution, wait for the soil to dry, and complete the soil solidification for preventing and controlling landslides; The spraying amount of the soil solidifier is 15-18kg / m 2 Mountain soil.

3. The application method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before spraying the soil solidifying agent for preventing and controlling landslides, steel nails are driven vertically into the mountain soil.