Brake beam maintenance tooling

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of vehicle maintenance, and particularly discloses a brake beam maintenance tool, which comprises a workbench, a beam frame fixing device and a brake shoe loading and unloading mechanism fixed on the workbench respectively; the brake shoe loading and unloading mechanism comprises a power rod and a pull claw in detachable connection with the power rod, the pull claw is buckled with a brake shoe, and the power rod is coaxial with the brake shoe. The patent aims to solve the problem that the brake shoe cannot be replaced after being worn to the limit, resulting in the scrapping of the whole brake beam.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle maintenance, in particular to a brake beam maintenance tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The brake beam is the most important part of the basic brake device of a railway vehicle, and mainly serves to transmit the braking force to the brake shoe through the brake beam to stop the vehicle when the vehicle is braked. The brake beam is divided into an arcuate rod brake beam, a channel steel brake beam and a combined brake beam.

[0003] The damage and failure of the brake beam have a great impact on the safety of train operation, especially for railway passenger cars which have more stringent safety performance requirements, and the damage and failure of the brake beam will directly threaten the safety of people's lives. During the operation of the train, the brake beam bears a large alternating load and impact force, and bears the braking force and the reaction force of the wheel on the brake shoe during braking, and the stress condition is relatively poor.

[0004] The brake shoe is installed on the brake beam by using a brake shoe holder. In order to ensure stable connection, the brake shoe holder is generally in interference fit with the brake beam, and is a spatial special shape. The brake shoe holder cannot be disassembled and installed by using ordinary methods, and if violent disassembly is adopted, the brake beam will be easily damaged. If the brake shoe holder cannot be replaced after being worn to the limit, the entire brake beam will be scrapped. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a brake beam maintenance tool to solve the problem that the brake shoe holder cannot be replaced after being worn to the limit, resulting in the scrapping of the entire brake beam.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a brake beam maintenance tool comprises a workbench, a beam frame fixing device and a brake shoe holder dismounting mechanism fixed on the workbench respectively; the brake shoe holder dismounting mechanism comprises a power rod and a draw claw detachably connected with the power rod, the draw claw is buckled with the brake shoe holder, and the power rod is coaxial with the brake shoe holder.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the brake beam is fixed by the beam frame fixing device, the draw claw is buckled with the brake shoe holder on the brake beam, and the brake shoe holder to be replaced is dismounted by starting the power rod; when the brake shoe holder needs to be installed, the brake shoe holder to be installed is placed on the draw claw, the power rod is started to move towards the brake beam, so that the new brake shoe holder is installed on the brake beam. The brake shoe holder can be quickly dismounted and installed by the device, the working performance of the brake beam is ensured by replacing the brake shoe holder, and the service life of the brake beam is prolonged.

[0008] Furthermore, the beam fixing device includes a diagonal brace fixing module, which comprises a tension block, a tension seat, and a diagonal brace front seat arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Both the tension seat and the tension block have inclined grooves that fit the diagonal brace. Different sizes of brake beams can be matched by replacing the tension block and tension seat, and the modular structure facilitates assembly and disassembly.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing device also includes a crossbar fixing module, which includes a clamping screw, a clamping block, and a fixing block that contacts the crossbar. The clamping block is fixed to the worktable, and the clamping screw passes through the clamping block and is detachably connected to the fixing block. The fixing block presses against the crossbar of the limiting brake beam, and by replacing the fixing block, it can accommodate brake beams of different sizes, making it highly adaptable.

[0010] Furthermore, the workbench includes a fixed frame, a rotating platform rotatably connected inside the fixed frame, a lifting platform slidably connected to one side of the fixed frame, a brake shoe loading and unloading mechanism fixed to the lifting platform, iron plates symmetrically fixed along the center of the rotating platform on both long sides, the fixed frame is provided with a first set of electromagnetic plates and a second set of electromagnetic plates, each set of electromagnetic plates is respectively set on both sides of the fixed frame, when the side of the rotating platform used to fix the brake beam faces upward, the iron plate is in contact with the first set of electromagnetic plates, when the side of the rotating platform used to fix the brake beam faces downward, the iron plate is in contact with the second set of electromagnetic plates; a first switch and a second switch are arranged sequentially from top to bottom below the fixed frame, the first switch and the second switch respectively control the first set of electromagnetic plates and the second set of electromagnetic plates, and a press rod for pressing the switch is fixed under the lifting platform.

[0011] When disassembling a single brake shoe support, simply fix the brake beam to the rotating platform using the beam frame fixing device, fix the brake shoe support loading and unloading mechanism to the lifting platform, and engage the pull claw with the brake shoe support to remove the brake shoe support. By using a rotating platform and a lifting platform in conjunction, when it is necessary to disassemble double brake shoe supports, simply rotate the rotating platform. Since the brake beam has an axisymmetric structure, when the brake shoe support on the other side after rotation is only mismatched in height with the brake shoe support loading and unloading mechanism, the height of the lifting platform can be adjusted by rotating the screw to make the brake shoe support loading and unloading mechanism coaxial with the flipped brake shoe support, thereby removing the brake shoe support on the other side. The loading and unloading of two brake shoe supports can be achieved using one brake shoe support loading and unloading mechanism. Compared with embodiment 1, this reduces the amount of equipment used and the equipment footprint, and allows for the double loading and unloading of brake shoe supports in a limited operating space.

[0012] Furthermore, the worktable is symmetrically provided with end blocks. The end blocks are used to support the brake beam.

[0013] Furthermore, the power rod is a double-acting hydraulic rod. The double-acting hydraulic cylinder can provide linear drive and can stop at any position within its stroke range.

[0014] Furthermore, the puller is a mechanical claw. The main oil passage of the double-acting hydraulic rod is provided with a wide passage, a contraction section, and a narrow passage from top to bottom. A control oil passage is provided in the wide passage, and a slider is slidably connected in the control oil passage. An outlet limit block is provided at the inlet of the control oil passage, and a spring is welded between the outlet limit block and the slider. An internal limit block is provided in the control oil passage. A control switch for releasing the mechanical claw is provided at the end of the control oil passage away from the main oil passage. A pressing rod is fixedly connected at the end of the slider near the control switch. The control switch is electrically connected to the mechanical claw.

[0015] By setting up a control oil passage and utilizing the pressure changes inside the double-acting hydraulic cylinder during the loading and unloading of the brake shoe holder, the mechanical claw automatically releases the brake shoe holder after it is in place, eliminating the need for manual release and improving the loading and unloading efficiency of the brake shoe holder. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the brake beam structure.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the brake beam maintenance fixture in Example 1.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a front view of the diagonal brace fixing module.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of the workbench in Example 2.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of the workbench in Example 2.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder in Example 3.

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of section A in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: worktable 1, rotary table 110, rotating shaft 111, iron plate 112, lead screw 121, support base 122, pressing rod 123, fixing frame 130, first set of electromagnetic plates 131, second set of electromagnetic plates 132, first switch 133, second switch 134, end pad 2, clamping block 3, clamping screw 4, clamping nut 5, fixing block 6, inclined bar front seat 7, tensioning rod 71, clamping block 72, tensioning seat 73, intermediate pad 8, pull claw 9, power rod 10, main oil passage 101, control oil passage 102, slider 103, control switch 104, hydraulic cylinder 105, internal limit block 106, outlet limit block 107, horizontal shim 11, annular pressure block 12, brake shoe support 13, brake beam 14.

[0025] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a brake beam maintenance fixture includes a workbench 1, and a beam frame fixing device and a brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism respectively fixed on the workbench 1. Two beam frame fixing devices and two brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanisms are symmetrically arranged along the center of symmetry of the brake beam 14. The brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism includes a power rod 10 and a pull claw 9 threadedly connected to the power rod 10. The power rod 10 is a double-acting hydraulic rod, and the pull claw 9 engages with the brake shoe support 13. The power rod 10 and the brake shoe support 13 are coaxial. The power rod 10 fixing mechanism includes a horizontal washer 11 and an annular pressure block 12. The power rod 10 is located on the horizontal washer 11 and passes through the annular pressure block 12, which is fixed to the horizontal washer 11 by bolts. The beam frame fixing device includes a diagonal bar fixing module and a horizontal bar fixing module, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the diagonal bar fixing module includes a tensioning rod 71 and, from top to bottom, a tensioning block 72, a tensioning seat 73, and a diagonal bar front seat 7. The tensioning seat has a groove that fits into the diagonal bar. The tensioning block is U-shaped, and its bottom surface is an inclined surface that fits into the diagonal bar. The crossbar fixing module includes a clamping screw 4, a clamping nut 5 threaded onto the clamping screw 4, a clamping block 3, and a fixing block 6 that contacts the crossbar. The clamping block 3 is fixed to the worktable 1, and the clamping screw 4 passes through the clamping block and is threadedly connected to the fixing block 6.

[0026] The workbench is symmetrically bolted with two end pads 2, and the middle of the workbench is bolted with an intermediate pad 8. Both the end pads 2 and the intermediate pad 8 are used to adjust the height of the brake beam.

[0027] In use, the brake beam 14 is placed on the workbench 1, the inclined rod of the brake beam 14 is placed on the tensioning seat, the tensioning block is placed on the inclined rod, the tensioning rod passes through the tensioning block from top to bottom and is threaded to the front seat 7 of the inclined rod, and the tensioning nut is threaded on the tensioning rod 71. Rotating the tensioning nut presses the tensioning block 72 downward, thereby pressing the inclined rod through the mutual cooperation of the tensioning block 72 and the tensioning seat 73; rotating the clamping screw 4 moves the fixing block 6 closer to the horizontal bar, so that the inclined surface of the fixing block 6 contacts the horizontal bar, thereby pushing the fixing block 6 to press the horizontal bar. After the brake beam 14 is fixed, the height of the power rod 10 is adjusted by the horizontal pad, and the position of the power rod is adjusted back and forth so that the power rod 10 is coaxial with the brake shoe support 13. Then, the power rod 10 is fixed to the horizontal pad by the annular pressure block 12 and bolts. The horizontal pad is fixed to the workbench 1 by bolts.

[0028] The brake beam 14 is fixed by the beam fixing device, and the pull claw 9 is engaged with the brake shoe support 13 on the brake beam 14. The brake shoe support 13 to be replaced is removed by starting the power lever 10. When the brake shoe support 13 needs to be installed, the brake shoe support 13 to be installed is placed on the pull claw 9, and the power lever 10 is started to move towards the brake beam 14, thereby installing the new brake shoe support 13 on the brake beam 14. This device enables the quick installation and removal of the brake shoe support 13, and by replacing the brake shoe support 13, the working performance of the brake beam 14 is maintained, thereby extending the service life of the brake beam 14.

[0029] Example 2 is attached. Figure 4 Appendix Figure 5 As shown, the parts that are the same as in Embodiment 1 will not be repeated. The difference is that: the workbench 1 includes a fixed frame 130, a rotating platform 110 is rotatably connected inside the fixed frame 130, a lifting platform 12 is slidably connected to one side of the fixed frame 130, the brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism is fixed to the lifting platform 12, and two iron plates 112 are symmetrically fixed to the long side walls of the two sides of the rotating platform 110 along the center of the rotating platform 110. The fixed frame 130 is provided with a first set of electromagnetic plates 131 and a second set of electromagnetic plates 132. Each set of electromagnetic plates is respectively arranged on both sides of the fixed frame 130. The first set of electromagnetic plates 131 has two plates and is symmetrically arranged. The second set of electromagnetic plates 132 has two plates and is symmetrically arranged. The rotating platform 110 is used for fixing... When one side of the custom moving beam 14 faces upward, the iron plate 112 is in contact with the first set of electromagnetic plates 131. When the rotating table 110 is used to fix the brake beam 14 facing downward, the iron plate 112 is in contact with the second set of electromagnetic plates 132. The first switch 133 and the second switch 134 are arranged from top to bottom below the fixing frame 130. The first switch 133 and the second switch 134 control the first set of electromagnetic plates 131 and the second set of electromagnetic plates 132 respectively. The lifting platform includes a lifting plate and a support base 122 arranged from top to bottom. A screw rod 121 is threaded between the support base and the lifting plate. One end of the screw rod 121 passes through the lifting plate and is connected to a rotating handle. A press rod 123 that can be squeezed is fixed under the lifting plate.

[0030] In use, the brake beam 14 is fixed to the rotary table 110 via the beam frame fixing device, and the brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism is fixed to the lifting platform 12. When it is necessary to disassemble the right brake shoe support 13, the pull claw 9 is engaged with the brake shoe support 13, thereby removing the brake shoe support 13. At this time, the lifting platform 12 is horizontal with the rotary table 110, and the pressing rod 123 under the lifting platform 12 presses down the first switch 133. At this time, the first set of electromagnetic plates 131 is energized and attracts the iron plate 112 of the rotary table 110, thereby fixing the rotary table 110. When it is necessary to disassemble the left brake shoe support 13, the screw 121 is rotated to move the lifting plate down. At this time, the pressing rod 123 is disengaged from the first switch 133, thereby making the first set of electromagnetic plates 131 energized and attracting the iron plate 112 of the rotary table 110, thereby fixing the rotary table 110. When the electromagnetic plate 131 is de-energized, the rotary table 110 is no longer fixed, and the rotating shaft 111 rotates to flip the rotary table 110, so that the brake beam is located below the rotary table, thereby causing the left brake shoe support 13 to flip to the right. Since there are two iron plates 112 arranged in a rotationally symmetrical manner, the flipped iron plate 112 comes into contact with the second set of electromagnetic plates 132. At this time, the screw rod 121 is rotated to adjust the lifting plate to move further down, so that the brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism is coaxial with the flipped left brake shoe support 13, and the pressing rod 123 presses down the second switch 134. At this time, the second set of electromagnetic plates 132 is energized, and the iron plate 112 is attracted by the second set of electromagnetic plates 132, thereby fixing the rotary table 110.

[0031] The rotating table 110 and the lifting table 12 work together. When it is necessary to disassemble the double-sided brake shoe support 13, only the rotating table 110 needs to be rotated. Since the brake beam 14 is an axisymmetric structure, when the other side of the brake shoe support 13 is rotated, the only difference between the brake shoe support 13 and the brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism is the height mismatch. By rotating the lead screw 121 to adjust the height of the lifting table 12, the brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism is made coaxial with the flipped brake shoe support 13, so that the other side of the brake shoe support 13 can be removed. The loading and unloading of two brake shoe supports 13 can be achieved by using one brake shoe support 13 loading and unloading mechanism. Compared with embodiment 1, the amount of equipment used is reduced and the equipment footprint is reduced. The double-sided loading and unloading of brake shoe support 13 can be completed in a location with limited operating space.

[0032] Example 3 is attached. Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the similarities with Embodiments 1 and 2 will not be repeated. The difference is that the pull claw 9 is a mechanical claw. The right main oil passage 101 of the double-acting hydraulic rod is provided with a wide passage, a contraction section and a narrow passage from top to bottom. The wide passage is provided with a control oil passage 102 that communicates with the main oil passage 101 in the horizontal direction. A slider 103 is slidably connected in the control oil passage 102. An outlet limit block 107 is provided at the inlet of the control oil passage 102. A spring is welded between the outlet limit block 107 and the slider 103. An internal limit block 106 is provided in the control oil passage 102 to limit the sliding stroke of the slider 103 toward the control switch 104 so as to prevent the slider 103 from overstretching the spring. A control switch 104 for releasing the mechanical claw is provided at the left end of the control oil passage 102. A pressing rod 123 is welded to the right end of the slider 103. The control switch 104 is electrically connected to the mechanical claw.

[0033] When it is necessary to remove the brake shoe support 13, the mechanical gripper clamps the brake shoe support 13, oil enters the main oil passage 101 on the left side of the double-acting hydraulic rod and exits the main oil passage 101 on the right side, thereby pushing the piston to the right to remove the brake shoe support 13. At the moment the brake shoe support is removed, the tension on the left side decreases, causing the piston to move rapidly to the right, squeezing the hydraulic oil on the right side. This causes a sudden increase in the pressure of the hydraulic oil on the right side. Furthermore, because the main oil passage 101 on the right side has a contraction section and a narrow passage, it also affects the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 105 on the right side. The hydraulic oil inside creates resistance, so under the pushing force of the piston and the resistance of the narrow passage, the hydraulic oil flows to the control passage, thereby pushing the slider 103 to move to the left and being limited by the internal limit block 106. The pressing rod 123 presses down the control switch 104, and the control switch 104 controls the mechanical claw to release the brake shoe support 13. After disassembly, the main oil passage 101 on the left side no longer receives oil, and the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 105 on the right side is gradually discharged. The pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 105 decreases, so the slider 103 returns to its original position under the action of the spring tension.

[0034] The mechanical claw can be automatically lowered after the brake shoe support 13 is disassembled, which is more convenient than the fixed pull claw 9 which requires manual unloading.

[0035] When installing the brake shoe support 13, the mechanical gripper grips the brake shoe support 13, oil flows out of the main oil passage 101 on the left side of the double-acting hydraulic rod and in through the main oil passage 101 on the right side, thereby pushing the piston to the left to install the brake shoe support 13. After the brake shoe support 13 is connected to the end of the brake beam 14, when it is pushed to the left again, because the diameter of the brake beam 14 increases less than the inner diameter of the brake shoe support 13, the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 105 on the right side increases to continue pushing the brake shoe support 13 forward for installation. Similarly, under the action of hydraulic pressure, hydraulic oil flows to the control passage, thereby pushing the slider 103 to move to the left and being limited by the internal limit block 106. The pressing rod 123 presses down the control switch 104, and the control switch 104 controls the mechanical gripper to release the brake shoe support 13. When the installation is completed and the double-acting hydraulic rod returns to its original position, the mechanical gripper can return to its original position along with the piston rod. The mechanical gripper automatically releases its gripper after the brake shoe support 13 is installed in place. Since the thrust that pushes the brake shoe support 13 mainly comes from the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 105, the robotic arm mainly plays a positioning and docking role. Therefore, releasing the gripper before the brake shoe support 13 is installed in place does not affect the installation of the brake shoe support 13.

[0036] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A brake beam maintenance fixture, characterized in that: The system includes a workbench, a beam frame fixing device, and a brake shoe holder loading and unloading mechanism, all fixed to the workbench. The brake shoe holder loading and unloading mechanism includes a power rod and a pull claw detachably connected to the power rod. The pull claw engages with the brake shoe holder, and the power rod and the brake shoe holder are coaxial. The power rod is a double-acting hydraulic rod, and the pull claw is a mechanical claw. One main oil passage of the double-acting hydraulic rod is provided with a wide passage, a contraction section, and a narrow passage from top to bottom. A control oil passage is provided at the wide passage, and a slider is slidably connected within the control oil passage. An outlet limit block is provided at the inlet of the control oil passage, and a spring is welded between the outlet limit block and the slider. An internal limit block is provided within the control oil passage. A control switch for releasing the mechanical claw is provided at the end of the control oil passage away from the main oil passage. A pressing rod is fixedly connected at the end of the slider near the control switch, and the control switch is electrically connected to the mechanical claw.

2. The brake beam maintenance fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam fixing device includes a diagonal rod fixing module, which includes a tension block, a tension seat, and a diagonal rod front seat arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Both the tension seat and the tension block are provided with a diagonal groove that fits with the diagonal rod.

3. The brake beam maintenance fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing device also includes a crossbar fixing module, which includes a clamping screw, a clamping block, and a fixing block that contacts the crossbar. The clamping block is fixed to the worktable, and the clamping screw passes through the clamping block and is detachably connected to the fixing block.

4. The brake beam maintenance fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench includes a fixed frame, a rotating platform rotatably connected within the fixed frame, and a lifting platform slidably connected to one side of the fixed frame. A brake shoe loading / unloading mechanism is fixed to the lifting platform. Iron plates are symmetrically fixed along the center of the rotating platform on both long sides. The fixed frame is equipped with a first set of electromagnetic plates and a second set of electromagnetic plates, each set positioned on one side of the fixed frame. When the side of the rotating platform used to fix the brake beam faces upwards, the iron plate contacts the first set of electromagnetic plates; when the side of the rotating platform used to fix the brake beam faces downwards, the iron plate contacts the second set of electromagnetic plates. A first switch and a second switch are sequentially arranged below the fixed frame from top to bottom, controlling the first and second sets of electromagnetic plates respectively. The lifting platform includes a lifting plate and a support base arranged sequentially from top to bottom. A pressing rod that can press the first switch, the second switch, and the control switch is fixed under the lifting plate.

5. The brake beam maintenance fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench is symmetrically equipped with end pads.

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