A Slidable Tunnel Ventilation Duct Belt Device and Method

Abstract

A slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device and method, comprising a fan and an air duct belt connected to the air outlet of the fan. The air duct belt is installed in the tunnel through a suspension system. The suspension system includes a number of suspension structures fixedly installed along the tunnel. The suspension structures are connected by steel cables. The air duct belt is installed on the steel cables through a number of pulley structures for telescopic sliding. Motor spools are detachably installed on the suspension structures near the excavation working face and on the suspension structures on the side far from the excavation working face respectively. The traction cables on the two motor spools are respectively connected to the pulley structures at one end close to the excavation working face. The steel cable can be fixed to the suspension structure integrally or in sections. This device can flexibly move and extend the air duct belt as needed. By continuously installing suspension structures, extending the steel cable, reinstalling the position of the motor spool, and adding the air duct belt at the same time, the air duct belt can conveniently and quickly follow the excavation working face to extend synchronously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device and method. Background Art

[0002] A large number of tunneling projects are involved in the construction process of underground engineering projects, such as diversion tunnels, traffic tunnels, and workshops, etc. During the excavation of underground engineering, a large amount of dust will be generated; various fuel equipment such as vehicles and loaders will also generate a large amount of exhaust gas; at the same time, various toxic and harmful gases will seep into the tunnel from the mountain body. Since the air in the tunnel is basically not circulated, it is easy to cause the accumulation of toxic and harmful gases. If it lasts for a long time, it will seriously affect the health of the construction workers in the tunnel. At the same time, flammable and harmful gases will also bring huge safety hazards to the project construction. Therefore, supplying air during the excavation of underground engineering is an indispensable measure. The existing air supply is to press fresh air outside the tunnel into the air duct belt through a fan, so that the fresh air reaches the working surface through a long air duct belt to drive the air flow in the tunnel. At the same time, the air duct belt needs to extend along with the excavation working surface. When blasting is carried out at the heading face, the air wave and flying stones formed will damage the air duct belt near this part. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the air duct belt, the air duct belt in the adjacent section needs to be removed before each blasting and reinstalled after the blasting is over. Frequent installation and removal will not only prolong the operation time of a blasting excavation (blasting, ventilation, muck transfer, support) cycle, which is not conducive to the project construction period; at the same time, frequent high-altitude removal and installation work also has safety hazards.

[0003] In Chinese Patent Document CN114370297A, a tunnel ventilation pipe telescopic adjustment device is disclosed. The ventilation pipe telescopic adjustment device can automatically control the telescopic of the ventilation pipe, solves the problem that the existing ventilation pipe seriously affects the ventilation effect due to damage, ensures the safety and reliability of tunnel construction production, and reduces the labor intensity of construction workers. However, during tunnel construction, the working surface of the tunnel advances forward, so the ventilation pipe also needs to extend forward synchronously. And this scheme does not solve the problem that the ventilation pipe extends synchronously with the excavation working surface. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to solve the problems existing in the above background art, to provide a slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device, to solve the problem of blasting damage to the ventilation pipe, and the problem that the ventilation pipe can follow the working face and extend synchronously conveniently and quickly.

[0005] Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a method for tunnel ventilation using the above-mentioned slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical features, the object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A slidable tunnel ventilation duct belt device includes a fan and a duct belt connected to the air outlet of the fan. The duct belt is installed in the tunnel through a suspension system. The suspension system includes a number of suspension structures fixedly installed along the tunnel. The suspension structures are connected by steel cables. The duct belt is installed on the steel cables through a number of pulley structures for telescopic sliding. Motor spools are detachably installed on the suspension structures near the excavation working face and on the suspension structure on the side far from the excavation working face respectively. The traction cables on the two motor spools are respectively connected to the pulley structures at one end near the excavation working face. The steel cable can be fixed to the suspension structure as a whole or in sections.

[0007] The suspension structure includes a vertical pull rod and a connecting device for fixing the steel cable. One end of the vertical pull rod is fixedly connected to the tunnel, and the other end is installed at the bottom of the connecting device. The connecting device includes a support frame. Chute grooves are respectively provided at both ends of the support frame. The width of one side where the two chute grooves are close to each other is greater than the width of the side where they are far from each other. A locking buckle is installed in the chute groove. The steel cable is fixedly clamped to the support frame through the locking buckle.

[0008] On the side of the support frame opposite to the two chute grooves, slide bars are respectively provided. Screws are respectively provided on the side where the two slide bars face each other. The locking buckle includes a caliper and a sliding seat. The two calipers are wedge-shaped structures adapted to the chute grooves. The two calipers are respectively hinged to the sliding seat through rotating shafts. A card slot for clamping the steel cable is provided on the side where the two calipers face each other. A placement groove corresponding to the card slot is provided on the upper side of the sliding seat. A square hole is provided on the sliding seat along the direction of the card slot. The locking buckle is slidably installed on the slide bar through the square hole. The two calipers of the locking buckle are installed in the chute groove. A stop block and a nut are successively installed on the screw. A spring is installed between the stop block and the locking buckle.

[0009] A transition guide rail is installed on the upper side of the support frame.

[0010] The transition guide rail is of a streamlined structure. A slideway for cooperating with the rollers of the pulley structure is provided along the upper side of the transition guide rail. A slot is provided on the chute groove. An insertion buckle is provided at the position corresponding to the slot on the transition guide rail. The insertion buckle is inserted into the slot to connect and fix the transition guide rail to the support frame.

[0011] The vertical tie rod is connected to the support frame of the connecting device through a transverse guide rod; a first polygonal column is provided at the lower end of the vertical tie rod, a first external thread is provided on the upper side of the first polygonal column, a second polygonal column is provided at the bottom of the support frame, and a second external thread is provided on the upper side of the second polygonal column. The transverse guide rod includes a U-shaped rod, internal polygonal grooves are respectively provided inside both ends of the U-shaped rod, retaining rings are respectively provided outside, connecting nuts are sleeved outside the retaining rings. The first polygonal column of the vertical tie rod is inserted into the internal polygonal groove at one end of the transverse guide rod, and the connecting nut is screwed and fixed with the first external thread. The second polygonal column of the support frame is inserted into the internal polygonal groove at the other end of the transverse guide rod, and the connecting nut is screwed and fixed with the second external thread.

[0012] The pulley structure includes a pulley frame in a portal structure. A roller is rotatably installed on the upper side of the pulley frame through a pin shaft. The lower end of one side arm of the pulley frame is connected to the air duct belt, and a buckle is installed on the other side arm. The roller is installed on the steel cable and can roll on the steel cable. The two arms of the pulley frame are located on both sides of the steel cable. Among them, the traction cables on the two motor spools are respectively connected to the buckles of the pulley structure at the end close to the excavation working face, and the buckles of the remaining pulley structures are respectively sleeved on the traction cables, and the buckles support the traction cables.

[0013] The motor spool includes a motor, a spool is installed on the output shaft of the motor, the traction cable is wound and installed on the spool, a connecting ring is installed at one end of the traction cable extending out of the spool, and the connecting ring is used to connect with the buckle of the pulley structure. Connecting rods are respectively installed at both ends of the spool. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the spool, and a detachable lock is provided at the other end. The lock is connected to the vertical tie rod of the suspension structure. Among them, the connecting rod close to the motor side is fixedly connected to the housing of the motor.

[0014] The air duct belt can be butt-connected and extended. Hanging rings are provided on the air duct belt. A loop buckle is installed at one end of the pulley structure connected to the air duct belt, and the loop buckle hooks the hanging ring.

[0015] A method for tunnel ventilation using a slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. After a certain distance of tunnel excavation, the suspension structure is installed at intervals along the tunnel roof; among them, the upper end of the vertical tie rod of the suspension structure is anchored to the tunnel, and the lower end extends downward. Each suspension structure can independently lock the steel cable from two directions;

[0017] S2. Install the steel cable section by section from the tunnel entrance towards the excavation working face onto the support frame of the hanging structure; during installation, first slide the locking buckle inwards. When the locking buckle is pulled out of the chute, the two calipers open through the rotating shaft, press the steel cable into the card slot. At this time, release the locking buckle, and the locking buckle is pressed into the chute under the action of the spring. The two calipers are wedge-shaped structures that cooperate with the chute. When the steel cable is stressed, it will only lock tighter;

[0018] S3. Install several pulley structures onto the steel cable; among them, the pulley frame of the pulley structure is stuck on both sides of the steel cable where it is placed, and the rollers are installed on the steel cable;

[0019] S4. Connect the air duct belt to the pulley structure; among them, the air duct belt is hung on the buckle of the pulley structure through the hanging ring hook;

[0020] S5. Install one motor spool on the hanging structure near the excavation working face and the other on the hanging structure on the side far from the excavation working face; among them, the motor spool is connected and fixed to the vertical pull rod of the hanging structure through the locking buckle;

[0021] S6. Connect the traction cable of the motor spool on the side close to the excavation working face to the pulley structure at the end close to the excavation working face. After the traction cable of the motor spool on the side far from the excavation working face passes through the buckle rings of each pulley structure in sequence, it is connected to the pulley structure at the end close to the excavation working face;

[0022] S7. Install the fan outside the tunnel entrance through the fan support, or install it on the top of the tunnel entrance through the support, and connect the air outlet of the fan to the air duct belt;

[0023] S8. When blasting operations are required, control the motor spool on the side far from the excavation working face to start, and the traction cable pulls the pulley structure at the end of the air duct belt close to the excavation working face, so that the air duct belt on the blasting section of the excavation working face slides on the steel cable to a safe area; after blasting, when the excavation working face needs air supply, control the motor spool on the side close to the excavation working face to start, and the traction cable pulls the pulley structure at the end of the air duct belt close to the excavation working face, so that the air duct belt slides on the steel cable to the excavation working face;

[0024] S10. When the excavation working face advances a certain distance and the air duct belt cannot meet the operation requirements, install several more hanging structures along the top of the tunnel, install new steel cables on the newly installed hanging structures, and connect the new steel cables to the original hanging structure on the side close to the excavation working face; disassemble and install the motor spool on the original hanging structure on the side close to the excavation working face onto the newly installed hanging structure on the side close to the excavation working face, or disassemble and move forward both motor spools and install them; among them, the traction cables of the two motor spools are connected to the new pulley structure at the end close to the excavation working face.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The air duct belt slides telescopically on the steel cable through a pulley structure, and the towing cables on the two motor spools are respectively connected to the pulley structure at the end close to the excavation working face, so as to drive the contraction and expansion of the air duct belt. During blasting, the motor spool drives the towing cable to contract and fold the air duct belt away from the blasting point. After blasting, the air duct belt is expanded and moved closer to the excavation working face, solving the problem of ventilation pipe damage caused by blasting. In addition, the steel cable can be fixed to the hanging structure as a whole or in sections. By continuously installing the hanging structure, connecting the newly installed hanging structure to the previous hanging structure through the steel cable, reinstalling the position of the motor spool, and increasing the air duct belt at the same time, the air duct belt can follow the excavation working face and extend synchronously conveniently and quickly.

[0027] 2. Chutes are provided on both sides of the support frame. The steel cable can be fixed to the support frame of the hanging structure as a whole or in sections. The structure of the chute with one end wide and one end narrow makes the steel cable tighten more and more in the locking buckle during pulling, and the installation is more firm and has good stability.

[0028] 3. A transition guide rail is provided to facilitate the passage of the hanging structure through the support frame. Prevent the steel cable from extending too low into the hanging structure, resulting in the hanging structure detaching from the steel cable.

[0029] 4. The hanging structure can adjust the direction of the steel cable by adjusting the direction of the support frame. At the same time, by arranging the hanging structures more densely, the entire steel cable can be made to transition more smoothly.

[0030] 5. The motor rotates to wind and unwind the towing cable, thereby winding and unwinding the air duct belt. It is connected to the vertical pull rod through a detachable buckle, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of the motor spool following the construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention installed in a tunnel.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure at the entrance of the tunnel of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure at the excavation working face of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure in the middle of the tunnel of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure at another angle in the middle of the tunnel of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the hanging structure and the steel cable of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the connection between the suspension structure and the steel cable of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical tie rod of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the horizontal guide rod of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the connection device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the connection device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the locking buckle of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the locking buckle in the open state of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the transition guide rail of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the motor spool of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the pulley structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pulley structure and the air duct belt, and the traction cable passing through the pulley structure of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: fan 1, air duct belt 2, hanging ring 201,

[0049] suspension structure 3, vertical tie rod 301, first polygonal column 301A, first external thread 301B, connection nut 302, horizontal guide rod 303, U-shaped rod 303A, internal polygonal groove 303B, retaining ring 303C, transition guide rail 304, slideway 304A, snap button 304B, support frame 305, second polygonal column 305A, second external thread 305B, chute 305C, slot 305D, slide bar 305E, steel ball 305F, screw 305G, locking buckle 306, caliper 306A, rotating shaft 306B, card slot 306C, square hole 306D, spring fixing hole 306E, sliding seat 306F, placement groove 306G, spring 307, stop block 308, nut 309;

[0050] motor spool 4, connection ring 401, traction cable 402, spool 403, motor 404, connecting rod 405, lock 406,

[0051] Steel cable 5,

[0052] Pulley structure 6, snap ring 601, buckle 602, roller 603, pin shaft 604, pulley frame 605;

[0053] Fan support 7, tunnel entrance 8, excavation working face 9. Specific implementation manner

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] Embodiment 1:

[0056] Refer to Figure 1-17 , a slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device, including a fan 1 and an air duct belt 2 connected to the air outlet of the fan 1. The air duct belt 2 is installed in the tunnel through a suspension system. The suspension system includes a plurality of suspension structures 3 fixedly installed along the tunnel. The suspension structures 3 are connected by a steel cable 5. The air duct belt 2 is telescopically and slidably installed on the steel cable 5 through a plurality of pulley structures 6. Motor spools 4 are detachably installed on the suspension structure 3 near the excavation working face 9 and on the suspension structure 3 on the side far from the excavation working face 9 respectively. The towing cables 402 on the two motor spools 4 are respectively connected to the pulley structure 6 at one end close to the excavation working face 9. The steel cable 5 can be fixed to the suspension structure 3 integrally or in sections. Through the above structure, the air duct belt 2 telescopically slides on the steel cable 5 through the pulley structure 6, and the towing cables 402 on the two motor spools 4 are respectively connected to the pulley structure 6 at one end close to the excavation working face 9, so as to drive the air duct belt 2 to contract and expand. During blasting, the motor spool 4 drives the towing cable 402 to contract and fold the air duct belt 2 away from the blasting point. After blasting, the air duct belt 2 is unfolded and close to the excavation working face 9, solving the problem of blasting damage to the ventilation pipe. In addition, the steel cable 5 can be fixed to the suspension structure 3 integrally or in sections. By continuously installing the suspension structure 3, connecting the newly installed suspension structure 3 to the previous suspension structure 3 through the steel cable 5, reinstalling the position of the motor spool 4, and adding the air duct belt 2 at the same time, the air duct belt 2 can follow the excavation working face 9 to extend synchronously conveniently and quickly.

[0057] This device can flexibly move and extend the air duct belt 2 according to needs, is easy to operate, and the assembly of each component is simple. At the same time, due to the standardization of parts, the installation is convenient.

[0058] Refer to Figure 6 , 7, the suspension structure 3 includes a vertical tie rod 301 and a connecting device for fixing the steel cable 5. One end of the vertical tie rod 301 is fixedly connected to the tunnel, and the other end is installed at the bottom of the connecting device. The connecting device includes a support frame 305. Chutes 305C are respectively provided at both ends of the support frame 305. The width of one side where the two chutes 305C are close to each other is greater than the width of the side where they are far from each other. A locking buckle 306 is installed in the chute 305C. The steel cable 5 is clamped and fixed to the support frame 305 through the locking buckle 306. Chutes 305C are provided on both sides of the support frame 305. The steel cable 5 can be fixed to the support frame 305 of the suspension structure 3 as a whole or in sections. The structure of the chute 305C with one end wide and one end narrow makes the steel cable 5 tighten more and more in the locking buckle 306 during pulling, and the installation is more firm and the stability is good.

[0059] See Figures 9-13 , slide bars 305E are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the two chutes 305C of the support frame 305. Screws 305G are respectively provided on the opposite sides of the two slide bars 305E. The locking buckle 306 includes calipers 306A and a sliding seat 306F. The two calipers 306A are wedge-shaped structures that cooperate with the chute 305C. The two calipers 306A are respectively hinged to the sliding seat 306F through a rotating shaft 306B. A clamping groove 306C for clamping the steel cable 5 is provided on the opposite side of the two calipers 306A. A placement groove 306G corresponding to the clamping groove 306C is provided on the upper side of the sliding seat 306F. A square hole 306D is provided in the sliding seat 306F along the direction of the clamping groove 306C. The locking buckle 306 is slidably installed on the slide bar 305E through the square hole 306D. The two calipers 306A of the locking buckle 306 are installed in the chute 305C. A stop block 308 and a nut 309 are successively installed on the screw 305G. A spring 307 is installed between the stop block 308 and the locking buckle 306. Two rows of rolling steel balls 305F are embedded on both sides of the slide bar 305E. When the locking buckle 306 slides on the slide bar 305E through the square hole 306D, its frictional resistance can be reduced, so that it is more labor-saving to dial the locking buckle 306 to install and remove the steel cable 5.

[0060] Dial the locking buckle 306 towards the stop block 308 end. As Figure 7 , 10 -14 shows, the caliper 306A can move slightly horizontally through the rotating shaft 306B. When the locking 306 is pulled out, the caliper 306A can be expanded, so that it is easier to press the steel cable 5 into it. At the same time, an anti-slip layer is provided on the arc-shaped curved surface inside the caliper 306A in contact with the steel cable 5 to increase the frictional force between the steel cable 5 and the caliper 306A. At this time, release the locking buckle 306, and the locking buckle 306 will be pressed into the chute 305C under the action of the spring 307. Since the chute 305C and the caliper 306A are wedge-shaped structures, when the steel cable 5 is stressed, it will only be locked tighter and tighter. In order to facilitate the fixing of the spring 307, a spring fixing hole 306E is provided on the locking buckle 306.

[0061] See Figure 6 Figure 6 , 14, a transition guide rail 304 is installed on the upper side of the support frame 305. The transition guide rail 304 is provided to facilitate the suspension structure 3 passing through the support frame 305, preventing the steel cable 5 from extending too low into the suspension structure 3, resulting in the suspension structure 3 detaching from the steel cable 5.

[0062] Specifically, see 14. The transition guide rail 304 is of a streamlined structure, and a slideway 304A for cooperating with the roller 603 of the pulley structure 6 is provided along the upper edge of the transition guide rail 304; a slot 305D is provided on the upper side of the chute 305C, and a buckle 304B is provided at the position corresponding to the slot 305D on the transition guide rail 304. The buckle 304B is snapped into the slot 305D to connect and fix the transition guide rail 304 to the support frame 305. The structure is simple and convenient to install, and the streamlined structure enables the suspension structure 3 to pass through more smoothly.

[0063] Since the extension direction of the tunnel cannot always be a straight line, the suspension structure 3 can adjust the direction of the steel cable 5 by adjusting the direction of its support frame 305. At the same time, the entire steel cable can be made smoother by arranging the suspension structures more densely. See Figures 6-11 Figures 6-11 , the vertical pull rod 301 is connected to the support frame 305 of the connecting device through the horizontal guide rod 303; a first polygonal column 301A is provided at the lower end of the vertical pull rod 301, and a first external thread 301B is provided on the upper side of the first polygonal column 301A. A second polygonal column 305A is provided at the bottom of the support frame 305, and a second external thread 305B is provided on the upper side of the second polygonal column 305A. The horizontal guide rod 303 includes a U-shaped rod 303A, and inner polygonal grooves 303B are respectively provided inside the two ends of the U-shaped rod 303A, and retaining rings 303C are respectively provided outside. A connecting nut 302 is sleeved outside the retaining ring 303C. The first polygonal column 301A of the vertical pull rod 301 is inserted into the inner polygonal groove 303B at one end of the horizontal guide rod 303, and the connecting nut 302 is screwed and fixed to the first external thread 301B. The second polygonal column 305A of the support frame 305 is inserted into the inner polygonal groove 303B at the other end of the horizontal guide rod 303, and the connecting nut 302 is screwed and fixed to the second external thread 305B. Through the above settings, the support frame 305 can adjust the angle along the direction of the tunnel.

[0064] Specifically, see Figure 8 、 9 9 , 11, turn the end of the vertical pull rod 301 with the first external thread 301B downward, insert it into the inner polygonal groove 303B of the U-shaped rod 303A through the first polygonal column 301A, and screw the connecting nut 302 to the first external thread 301B, so that the support frame 305 can adjust the angle. Among them, the state of the connecting nut 302 and the horizontal guide rod 303 is as Figure 9As shown, the round hole in the bottom surface of the nut bayonet is larger than the diameter of the transverse guide rod 303 but smaller than the retaining ring 303C. Therefore, the connecting nut 302 connects the vertical pull rod 301 and the transverse guide rod 303. The support frame 305 is connected to the transverse guide rod 303 in the same way.

[0065] See Figure 16 、 17 As shown in FIGS. and, the pulley structure 6 includes a pulley frame 605 in a portal structure. A roller 603 is rotatably mounted on the upper side of the pulley frame 605 through a pin shaft 604. The lower end of one side arm of the pulley frame 605 is connected to the air duct belt 2, and a buckle 602 is installed on the other side arm. The roller 603 is mounted on the steel cable 5 and can roll on the steel cable 5. The two arms of the pulley frame 605 are located on both sides of the steel cable 5. Among them, the traction cables 402 on the two motor spools 4 are respectively connected to the buckle 602 of the pulley structure 6 at one end close to the excavation working face 9, and the buckle 602 of the remaining pulley structures 6 are respectively sleeved on the traction cable 402, and the buckle 602 supports the traction cable 402. The two arms of the pulley frame 605 are located on both sides of the steel cable 5 to limit the steel cable 5 and prevent the pulley structure 6 from detaching from the steel cable. The buckle 602 is used to connect or support the traction cable 402.

[0066] See Figure 15 As shown in FIG., the motor spool 4 includes a motor 404, and a spool 403 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 404. The traction cable 402 is wound and installed on the spool 403. One end of the traction cable 402 extending out of the spool 403 is installed with a connection ring 401, and the connection ring 401 is used to connect to the buckle 602 of the pulley structure 6. Connecting rods 405 are respectively installed at both ends of the spool 403. One end of the connecting rod 405 is rotatably connected to the spool 403, and the other end is provided with a detachable lock 406, and the lock 406 is connected to the vertical pull rod 301 of the suspension structure 3. Among them, the connecting rod 405 close to the motor 404 is fixedly connected to the housing of the motor 404. By rotating the motor 404, the traction cable 402 is wound and released, so as to wind and release the air duct belt 2. By connecting the detachable lock 406 to the vertical pull rod 301, it is convenient to disassemble and install according to the construction progress.

[0067] See Figure 17 As shown in FIG., the air duct belt 2 can be butted and extended. Hanging rings 201 are arranged on the air duct belt 2. A ring buckle 601 is installed at one end of the pulley structure 6 connected to the air duct belt 2, and the ring buckle 601 hooks the hanging ring 201. The air duct belt 2 is convenient to install and can be butted and extended according to the construction progress. Preferably, the butt joint of the air duct belt 2 can adopt a zipper structure.

[0068] Embodiment 2:

[0069] See Figures 1-5 A method for tunnel ventilation using a slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device includes the following steps:

[0070] S1. After a certain distance from one end of the tunnel excavation, the hanging structure 3 is installed at intervals along the top of the tunnel; wherein, the upper end of the vertical tie rod 301 of the hanging structure 3 is anchored to the tunnel, and the lower end extends downward. Each hanging structure 3 can independently lock the steel cable 5 from two directions.

[0071] S2. The steel cable 5 is installed section by section from the tunnel entrance 8 towards the excavation working face 9 onto the support frame 305 of the hanging structure 3; during installation, first slide the locking buckle 306 inward. When the locking buckle 306 is pulled out of the chute 305C, the two calipers 306A open through the rotating shaft 306B, press the steel cable 5 into the card slot 306C. At this time, release the locking buckle 306, and the locking buckle 306 is pressed into the chute 305C under the action of the spring 307. The two calipers 306A are wedge-shaped structures that cooperate with the chute 305C. When the steel cable 5 is stressed, it will only lock tighter.

[0072] S3. Install a number of pulley structures 6 onto the steel cable 5; wherein, the pulley frame 605 of the pulley structure 6 is stuck on both sides of the steel cable 5 placed, and the roller 603 is installed on the steel cable 5.

[0073] S4. Connect the air duct belt 2 with the pulley structure 6; wherein, the air duct belt 2 is hooked to the buckle 601 of the pulley structure 6 through the hanging ring 201.

[0074] S5. Install one motor spool 4 on the hanging structure 3 near the excavation working face 9, and the other on the hanging structure 3 on the side far from the excavation working face 9; wherein, the motor spool 4 is fixedly connected to the vertical tie rod 301 of the hanging structure 3 through the lock catch 406.

[0075] S6. Connect the traction cable 402 of the motor spool 4 on the side close to the excavation working face 9 with the pulley structure 6 at one end close to the excavation working face 9. The traction cable 402 of the motor spool 4 on the side far from the excavation working face 9 passes through the buckle 602 of each pulley structure 6 in sequence and then is connected to the pulley structure 6 at one end close to the excavation working face 9.

[0076] S7. Install the fan 1 outside the tunnel entrance 8 through the fan support 7, or install it on the top of the tunnel entrance 8 through the support, and connect the air outlet of the fan 1 with the air duct belt 2.

[0077] S8. When blasting operations are required, control the motor spool 4 on the side far from one side of the excavation working face 9 to start, and the towing cable 402 pulls the pulley structure 6 at the end of the air duct belt 2 close to the excavation working face 9, so that the air duct belt 2 in the blasting section of the excavation working face 9 slides on the steel cable 5 to a safe area; when the blasting is completed and the excavation working face 9 needs air supply, control the motor spool 4 on the side close to the excavation working face 9 to start, and the towing cable 402 pulls the pulley structure 6 at the end of the air duct belt 2 close to the excavation working face 9, so that the air duct belt 2 slides on the steel cable 5 to the excavation working face 9; by winding the cable on one side of the motor spool 4 and unwinding the cable on the other side of the motor spool 4, the air duct belt 2 slides, retracts and unfolds on the steel cable 5.

[0078] S10. When the excavation working face 9 advances a certain distance and the air duct belt 2 cannot meet the operation requirements, install several suspension structures 3 along the top of the tunnel, install new steel cables 5 on the newly installed suspension structures 3, and connect the new steel cables 5 to the original suspension structures 3 on the side close to the excavation working face 9; disassemble and install the motor spool 4 on the original suspension structure 3 on the side close to the excavation working face 9 to the newly installed and the suspension structure 3 on the side close to the excavation working face 9, or disassemble and move forward and install the two motor spools 4 at the same time; wherein, the towing cables 402 of the two motor spools 4 are connected to the new pulley structure 6 at the end close to the excavation working face 9.

[0079] During the process of tunnel excavation, a suspension structure 3 is arranged at the top of the tunnel every 10m or 12m or 14m (depending on the actual situation on site or the length of each air duct belt 2), but each cyclic blasting excavation is often 2m, 2.5m, 3m, etc. Therefore, it is possible to lengthen an air duct belt 2 every 3 - 4 blasting excavation cycles under the condition of meeting the ventilation requirements.

Claims

1. A slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device, comprising a fan (1) and an air duct belt (2) connected to the air outlet of the fan (1). The air duct belt (2) is installed in the tunnel through a suspension system, and is characterized in that: The suspension system includes several suspension structures (3) fixedly installed along the tunnel. The suspension structures (3) are connected by steel cables (5). The air duct belt (2) is installed on the steel cables (5) through several pulley structures (6) in a telescopic and sliding manner. Motor spools (4) are detachably installed on the suspension structures (3) near the excavation working face (9) and on the suspension structures (3) on the side far away from the excavation working face (9) respectively. The towing cables (402) on the two motor spools (4) are respectively connected to the pulley structures (6) at one end close to the excavation working face (9). The steel cables (5) can be fixed to the suspension structures (3) as a whole or in segments. The suspension structure (3) includes a vertical pull rod (301) and a connecting device for fixing the steel cable (5). One end of the vertical pull rod (301) is fixedly connected to the tunnel, and the other end is installed at the bottom of the connecting device. The connecting device includes a support frame (305). Chute grooves (305C) are respectively provided at both ends of the support frame (305). The width of the side where the two chute grooves (305C) are close to each other is greater than the width of the side where they are far away from each other. A locking buckle (306) is installed in the chute groove (305C). The steel cable (5) is clamped and fixed to the support frame (305) through the locking buckle (306). On the opposite sides of the two chute grooves (305C) of the support frame (305), slide bars (305E) are respectively provided. On the opposite sides of the two slide bars (305E), screw rods (305G) are respectively provided. The locking buckle (306) includes calipers (306A) and a sliding seat (306F). The two calipers (306A) are wedge-shaped structures matching the chute groove (305C). The two calipers (306A) are respectively hinged to the sliding seat (306F) through a rotating shaft (306B). On the opposite sides of the two calipers (306A), a card slot (306C) for clamping the steel cable (5) is provided. A placement groove (306G) corresponding to the card slot (306C) is provided on the upper side of the sliding seat (306F). A square hole (306D) is provided on the sliding seat (306F) along the direction of the card slot (306C). The locking buckle (306) is slidably installed on the slide bar (305E) through the square hole (306D). The two calipers (306A) of the locking buckle (306) are installed in the chute groove (305C). A stop block (308) and a nut (309) are successively installed on the screw rod (305G). A spring (307) is installed between the stop block (308) and the locking buckle (306).

2. The slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transition guide rail (304) is installed on the upper side of the support frame (305).

3. The slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transition guide rail (304) is of a streamline structure. A slideway (304A) matching the rollers (603) of the pulley structure (6) is provided along the upper side of the transition guide rail (304). A slot (305D) is provided on the chute groove (305C). An insertion buckle (304B) corresponding to the slot (305D) is provided on the transition guide rail (304). The insertion buckle (304B) is inserted into the slot (305D) to connect and fix the transition guide rail (304) to the support frame (305).

4. A slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical tie rod (301) is connected to the support frame (305) of the connecting device through a transverse guide rod (303); a first polygonal column (301A) is provided at the lower end of the vertical tie rod (301), and a first external thread (301B) is provided on the upper side of the first polygonal column (301A). A second polygonal column (305A) is provided at the bottom of the support frame (305), and a second external thread (305B) is provided on the upper side of the second polygonal column (305A). The transverse guide rod (303) includes a U-shaped rod (303A). Inner polygonal grooves (303B) are respectively provided inside both ends of the U-shaped rod (303A), and retaining rings (303C) are respectively provided outside. A connecting nut (302) is sleeved outside the retaining ring (303C). The first polygonal column (301A) of the vertical tie rod (301) is inserted into the inner polygonal groove (303B) at one end of the transverse guide rod (303), and the connecting nut (302) is screwed and fixed to the first external thread (301B). The second polygonal column (305A) of the support frame (305) is inserted into the inner polygonal groove (303B) at the other end of the transverse guide rod (303), and the connecting nut (302) is screwed and fixed to the second external thread (305B).

5. A slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulley structure (6) includes a pulley frame (605) in a portal structure. A roller (603) is rotatably installed on the upper side of the pulley frame (605) through a pin shaft (604). The lower end of one side arm of the pulley frame (605) is connected to the air duct belt (2), and a buckle (602) is installed on the other side arm. The roller (603) is installed on the steel cable (5) and can roll on the steel cable (5). The two arms of the pulley frame (605) are located on both sides of the steel cable (5). Among them, the towing cables (402) on the two motor spools (4) are respectively connected to the buckle (602) of the pulley structure (6) at one end close to the excavation working face (9), and the buckles (602) of the remaining pulley structures (6) are respectively sleeved on the towing cable (402), and the buckle (602) supports the towing cable (402).

6. The slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor spool (4) includes a motor (404), and a spool (403) is installed on the output shaft of the motor (404). The towing cable (402) is wound and installed on the spool (403). A connecting ring (401) is installed at one end of the towing cable (402) extending out of the spool (403). The connecting ring (401) is used to connect to the buckle (602) of the pulley structure (6). Connecting rods (405) are respectively installed at both ends of the spool (403). One end of the connecting rod (405) is rotatably connected to the spool (403), and a detachable lock (406) is provided at the other end. The lock (406) is connected to the vertical tie rod (301) of the suspension structure (3). Among them, the connecting rod (405) close to the motor (404) is fixedly connected to the housing of the motor (404).

7. The slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air duct belt (2) can be butt-connected and extended. Hanging rings (201) are arranged on the air duct belt (2). A ring buckle (601) is installed at one end of the pulley structure (6) connected to the air duct belt (2), and the ring buckle (601) hooks the hanging ring (201).

8. A method for tunnel ventilation using a slidable tunnel ventilation air duct belt device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. After a certain distance of tunnel excavation, the hanging structure (3) is installed at intervals along the tunnel roof; wherein, the upper end of the vertical pull rod (301) of the hanging structure (3) is anchored to the tunnel, and the lower end extends downward. Each hanging structure (3) can independently lock the steel cable (5) from two directions; S2. The steel cable (5) is installed section by section from the tunnel entrance (8) towards the excavation working face (9) onto the support frame (305) of the hanging structure (3); during installation, first slide the locking buckle (306) inward. When the locking buckle (306) is pulled out of the chute (305C), the two calipers (306A) open through the rotating shaft (306B), press the steel cable (5) into the card slot (306C), and then release the locking buckle (306). The locking buckle (306) is pressed into the chute (305C) under the action of the spring (307). The two calipers (306A) are wedge-shaped structures that cooperate with the chute (305C). When the steel cable (5) is stressed, it will be locked tighter and tighter; S3. A number of pulley structures (6) are installed on the steel cable (5); wherein, the pulley frame (605) of the pulley structure (6) is stuck on both sides of the steel cable (5) where it is placed, and the rollers (603) are installed on the steel cable (5); S4. The air duct belt (2) is connected to the pulley structure (6); wherein, the air duct belt (2) is hooked on the ring buckle (601) of the pulley structure (6) through the hanging ring (201); S5. One motor spool (4) is installed on the hanging structure (3) near the excavation working face (9), and the other is installed on the hanging structure (3) on the side far from the excavation working face (9); wherein, the motor spool (4) is fixedly connected to the vertical pull rod (301) of the hanging structure (3) through a lock catch (406); S6. Connect the traction cable (402) of the motor spool (4) on the side close to the excavation working face (9) to the pulley structure (6) at one end close to the excavation working face (9). After the traction cable (402) of the motor spool (4) on the side far from the excavation working face (9) passes through the buckle rings (602) of each pulley structure (6) in sequence, it is connected to the pulley structure (6) at one end close to the excavation working face (9); S7. Install the fan (1) outside the tunnel entrance (8) through the fan bracket (7), or install it on the top of the tunnel entrance (8) through a bracket, and connect the air outlet of the fan (1) to the air duct belt (2); S8. When blasting operations are required, control the motor spool (4) on the side away from the excavation working face (9) to start, and the towing cable (402) pulls the pulley structure (6) at the end of the air duct belt (2) close to the excavation working face (9), so that the air duct belt (2) in the blasting section of the excavation working face (9) slides on the steel cable (5) to a safe area; when the blasting is completed and the excavation working face (9) needs air supply, control the motor spool (4) on the side close to the excavation working face (9) to start, and the towing cable (402) pulls the pulley structure (6) at the end of the air duct belt (2) close to the excavation working face (9), so that the air duct belt (2) slides on the steel cable (5) to the excavation working face (9). S10. When the excavation working face (9) advances a certain distance and the air duct belt (2) cannot meet the operation requirements, install several suspension structures (3) along the top of the tunnel, install a new steel cable (5) on the newly installed suspension structures (3), and connect the new steel cable (5) to the original suspension structure (3) on the side close to the excavation working face (9); disassemble and install the motor spool (4) on the original suspension structure (3) on the side close to the excavation working face (9) to the newly installed suspension structure (3) on the side close to the excavation working face (9), or disassemble and move forward the two motor spools (4) for installation at the same time; among them, the towing cables (402) of the two motor spools (4) are connected to the new pulley structure (6) at the end close to the excavation working face (9).

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