On-line trapping and extraction apparatus and method for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of online trapping and extraction device and method of water-soluble component in atmospheric particulate matter, wherein the edge of rotating frame body is provided with filter membrane support plate along the circumferential direction, and filter membrane support plate is uniformly distributed with trapping filter membrane along the circumferential direction, atmospheric input assembly includes atmospheric particulate matter cutter, upper filter membrane seal cover, lower filter membrane seal cover and seal cover driving mechanism, wherein upper filter membrane seal cover and lower filter membrane seal cover are driven to open and close by seal cover driving mechanism, and the trapping filter membrane on the upper side of rotating frame body is arranged between upper filter membrane seal cover and lower filter membrane seal cover, atmospheric particulate matter cutter is connected with upper filter membrane seal cover by connecting pipe, lower filter membrane seal cover is connected with output pipeline, sample extraction assembly includes ultrasonic cleaner, and the trapping filter membrane of completed collection on the lower side of rotating frame body is placed in ultrasonic cleaner.The present application realizes the automation and continuous of atmospheric particulate matter sample collection, avoids background pollution and cross contamination etc.

Description

Online capture and extraction device and method for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ambient air quality detection, specifically to an online capture and extraction device and method for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter. Background Technology

[0002] Atmospheric particulate matter (such as PM) 2.5 PM 10 Particulate matter (PM2.5) has adverse effects on air quality, human health, atmospheric visibility, and global climate change. Water-soluble components are an important part of atmospheric particulate matter, which mainly include some inorganic ions (such as nitrate and ammonium ions), organic matter (such as amines and amino acids), and metal elements (such as lead and cadmium). Water-soluble components contain basic information about the pollution sources, transformation processes, health risks, and climate effects of atmospheric particulate matter.

[0003] Current technologies typically utilize filter membranes made of purified Teflon, quartz, or glass to collect atmospheric particulate matter. After sampling, the filter membranes are then used to extract water-soluble components. However, because some water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter are unstable or have low concentrations, background contamination or cross-contamination can easily occur during sample transportation and experimental processing before and after sampling, thus affecting the accuracy of subsequent data analysis and scientific understanding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online capture and extraction device and method for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter, which can realize the automation and continuous collection of atmospheric particulate matter samples, and avoid background pollution and cross-contamination, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the collected data.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An online collection and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter includes a rotating frame, an atmospheric input component, and a sample extraction component. The rotating frame has a filter membrane support plate along its circumferential direction, and the filter membrane support plate is evenly distributed with collecting filter membranes along its circumferential direction. The atmospheric input component includes an atmospheric particulate matter cutter, an upper filter membrane sealing cover, a lower filter membrane sealing cover, and a sealing cover driving mechanism. The upper and lower filter membrane sealing covers are driven to move up and down by the sealing cover driving mechanism. The collecting filter membrane on the upper side of the rotating frame is positioned between the upper and lower filter membrane sealing covers. The atmospheric particulate matter cutter is connected to the upper filter membrane sealing cover via a connecting pipe, and the lower filter membrane sealing cover is connected to an output pipeline. The sample extraction component includes an ultrasonic cleaner, and the collected filter membranes on the lower side of the rotating frame are placed in the ultrasonic cleaner.

[0007] The atmospheric input component includes an air pump, and the lower filter membrane sealing cover is connected to the air pump through the output pipeline.

[0008] The output pipeline is equipped with a retention bottle.

[0009] The sealing cover drive mechanism includes a motor and a lead screw driven by the motor to rotate. The lead screw has two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation, and each threaded section is provided with a nut. The rear end of the upper filter membrane sealing cover and the rear end of the lower filter membrane sealing cover are provided with connecting rods that are respectively connected to the corresponding nuts.

[0010] The rotating frame is provided with a mounting frame on one side, and the air input component is located on the mounting frame.

[0011] The sample extraction assembly includes an ultrasonic cleaner, an extractant storage tank, and a waste liquid storage tank. One side of the ultrasonic cleaner is connected to an ultrapure water pipeline, which is equipped with a metering pump. The ultrasonic cleaner is connected to the extractant storage tank via an extractant connection pipeline and to the waste liquid storage tank via a waste liquid connection pipeline. Both the extractant connection pipeline and the waste liquid connection pipeline are equipped with control valves. An ultraviolet lamp is installed on the upper side of the ultrasonic cleaner.

[0012] A method for using the online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Control the rotating frame to rotate to the set position so that the clean collection filter membrane on the upper side of the rotating frame moves between the upper filter membrane sealing cover and the lower filter membrane sealing cover, and the collection filter membrane collected on the lower side of the rotating frame moves into the ultrasonic cleaner of the sample extraction assembly.

[0014] Step 2: The upper and lower filter membrane sealing covers are driven to engage at the corresponding filter membrane positions by the sealing cover driving mechanism, forming a complete sealed space;

[0015] Step 3: The atmospheric input component is started. The gas first passes through the atmospheric particulate cutter for separation, and then passes through the collection filter membrane for filtration. Atmospheric particulates that meet the required particle size are trapped on the corresponding collection filter membrane, and the remaining gas flows out through the output pipeline.

[0016] At the same time, the ultrasonic cleaner in the sample extraction assembly is activated to wash the atmospheric particulate matter captured on the corresponding trapping filter membrane into the extraction solution. After the washing is completed, the ultrasonic cleaner stops working, and the extraction solution flows from the ultrasonic cleaner into the extraction solution storage tank for storage. After the extraction solution is drained, the ultrasonic cleaner and the trapping filter membrane after ultrasonic extraction are cleaned.

[0017] Step 4: After the sampling of the collection filter membrane on the upper side of the rotating frame is completed and the ultrasonic cleaner and collection filter membrane on the lower side of the rotating frame are cleaned, the upper filter membrane sealing cover and the lower filter membrane sealing cover are opened by the sealing cover driving mechanism.

[0018] Step 5: Control the rotating frame to rotate to a set position so that the collected filter membrane on the upper side of the rotating frame is removed from the upper filter membrane sealing cover and the lower filter membrane sealing cover, and the next clean collected filter membrane moves between the upper filter membrane sealing cover and the lower filter membrane sealing cover. At the same time, the collected filter membrane on the lower side of the rotating frame is removed from the ultrasonic cleaner, and the next collected filter membrane is moved into the ultrasonic cleaner. Meanwhile, the extraction solution is re-injected into the ultrasonic cleaner.

[0019] In step three, when the extractant in the ultrasonic cleaner is drained, the extractant connection pipeline is opened, and the extractant enters the extractant storage tank from the outlet at the bottom of the ultrasonic cleaner.

[0020] In step three, when cleaning the ultrasonic cleaner and the ultrasonically extracted collection filter membrane, the extraction liquid connection pipeline is closed, and a set volume of ultrapure water flows into the ultrasonic cleaner through the ultrapure water pipeline via a metering pump. At the same time, the ultraviolet lamp is turned on for sterilization. After the ultrasonic cleaning time is set, the waste liquid connection pipeline is opened, and the waste liquid is discharged from the waste liquid connection pipeline into the waste liquid storage tank.

[0021] In step five, when the extractant is re-injected into the ultrasonic cleaner, both the extractant connection line and the waste liquid connection line are closed, and a set volume of ultrapure water flows into the ultrasonic cleaner through the ultrapure water line via a metering pump.

[0022] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. This invention includes a rotating frame, and a filter membrane support plate is provided along the circumferential direction on the edge of the rotating frame. Multiple trapping filter membranes are provided on the filter membrane support plate. This invention controls the rotation of the rotating frame so that the clean trapping filter membrane on its upper side cooperates with the atmospheric input component to achieve atmospheric particulate matter capture and sampling. Simultaneously, the collected trapping filter membrane on its lower side cooperates with the sample extraction component to achieve extraction and cleaning, thereby realizing automated and continuous sample collection. Furthermore, this invention allows for the selection of a suitable sampling time by controlling the rotation frequency of the rotating frame, simplifying the control process. At the same time, continuous sampling without intervals can also meet the requirements of high-frequency monitoring.

[0024] 2. The atmospheric input component of the present invention is provided with an upper filter membrane sealing cover and a lower filter membrane sealing cover that open and close to form a sealed space for accommodating and capturing filter membranes, thereby avoiding the influence of the external background environment during the collection process.

[0025] 3. The sample extraction component of the present invention automatically cleans the ultrasonic cleaner and the collection filter membrane after each collection filter membrane extraction is completed, thereby avoiding cross-contamination of samples, ensuring the accuracy of the collected data, and the cleaned collection filter membrane is dried during the upward rotation between the upper filter membrane sealing cover and the lower filter membrane sealing cover, so that it can be reused for sample collection without frequent replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the rotating frame and sample extraction assembly in Figure 1.

[0028] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the atmospheric input component in Figure 1.

[0029] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation between the filter membrane support plate on the rotating frame in Figure 1 and the upper and lower filter membrane sealing covers in the atmospheric input assembly.

[0030] Among them, 1 is the atmospheric particulate matter cutter, 2 is the connecting pipe, 3 is the upper filter membrane sealing cover, 4 is the lower filter membrane sealing cover, 5 is the lead screw, 501 is the lead nut, 6 is the motor, 7 is the collecting filter membrane, 8 is the filter membrane support plate, 9 is the rotating frame, 10 is the rotating drive device, 11 is the output pipeline, 12 is the interception bottle, 13 is the vacuum pump, 14 is the ultrapure water pipeline, 15 is the metering pump, 16 is the ultrasonic cleaner, 17 is the ultraviolet lamp, 18 is the extract connecting pipeline, 19 is the extract storage tank, 20 is the waste liquid connecting pipeline, 21 is the waste liquid storage tank, 22 is the control valve, and 23 is the mounting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1-4, the present invention includes a rotating frame 9, an air input component, and a sample extraction component. As shown in Figure 2, a filter membrane support plate 8 is provided along the circumferential direction on the edge of the rotating frame 9, and a trapping filter membrane 7 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the filter membrane support plate 8. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the air input component includes a sealing cover driving mechanism and an upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and a lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 that are driven synchronously and in opposite directions by the sealing cover driving mechanism. The filter membrane support plate 8 on the upper side of the rotating frame 9 is disposed between the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4. A sample extraction component is provided on the lower side of the rotating frame 9, and the filter membrane support plate 8 on the lower side of the rotating frame 9 is placed in the sample extraction component. In this embodiment, the filter membrane support plate 8 forms a hollow outer cover with a dodecagonal cross-section.

[0033] As shown in Figures 1 and 3, in this embodiment, the atmospheric input component includes an atmospheric particulate cutter 1 and a vacuum pump 13. One end of the atmospheric particulate cutter 1 is connected to the outside atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 via a connecting pipe 2. The lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 is connected to the vacuum pump 13 via an output pipe 11. During operation, the rotating frame 9 drives the filter membrane support plate 8 to rotate. When any of the trapping filter membranes 7 on the filter membrane support plate 8 moves between the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4, the sealing cover driving mechanism in the atmospheric input component is activated, causing the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 to move relative to each other, thus securing the trapping filter membrane 7 inside to form a complete sealing cover. Then, the vacuum pump 13 starts to extract air. The gas is first separated by the atmospheric particulate cutter 1 and then passes through the sealing cover. The trapping filter 7 traps atmospheric particulate matter of the required size, while the remaining gas flows out of the sealed cover through the output pipe 11. After the set sampling time is reached, the suction pump 13 stops, and the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 open. The collected trapping filter 7 is rotated out of the position between the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 by the rotating frame 9, and simultaneously, the next trapping filter 7 moves into the position between the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4. The atmospheric particulate matter cutter 1 is a technology known in the art and is a commercially available product.

[0034] In this embodiment, the atmospheric particulate matter cutter 1 is a low-flow-rate (16.67 L / min) TSP and PM2.5 filter. 10 and PM 2.5 The atmospheric particulate cutter can accurately separate atmospheric particulate matter of different sizes; the connecting pipe 2 is a buffer hose with strong pressure resistance and a certain degree of flexibility, which can bend moderately without affecting the sampling flow rate when the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 is raised and lowered; the trapping filter membrane 7 is a sintered metal fiber mesh with a filter pore size of 2μm, which can trap atmospheric particulate matter with a particle size larger than its filter pore size, and can be reused after cleaning; the air pump 13 and its control system can realize air extraction at a stable flow rate (the working point flow rate of the atmospheric particulate cutter 1), and can measure and display the instantaneous flow rate of the air path in real time, calculate the cumulative sampling volume, and automatically maintain the flow rate stability through the pulse width modulation (PWM) speed controller and automatically alarm in special cases.

[0035] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the sealing cover driving mechanism includes a motor 6 and a lead screw 5 driven to rotate by the motor 6. The lead screw 5 has two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation, and each threaded section is provided with a nut 501. The rear ends of the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 are each provided with a connecting rod that is connected to the corresponding nut 501. The rotation of the lead screw 5 drives the two nuts 501 to move in opposite directions, thereby driving the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 to move in opposite directions. In addition, the connecting rod can be designed with an adjustable length structure to facilitate the adjustment of the sealing cover position according to the position of the collecting filter membrane 7. The lower end of the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the upper end of the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 can also be provided with sealing elements such as sealing gaskets as needed to ensure the sealing performance when the upper and lower filter membrane sealing covers are fastened. In this embodiment, the connecting rod includes two adjusting rods, one of which is threaded into the end of the other adjusting rod. Twisting either adjusting rod adjusts the length of the entire connecting rod.

[0036] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the output pipeline 11 is provided with a retaining bottle 12, and the gas in the output pipeline 12 is discharged from the outlet of the vacuum pump 13 after the retaining bottle 12 removes impurities such as water vapor. The retaining bottle 12 is a technology known in the art.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3, a mounting frame 23 is provided on one side of the rotating frame 9, and all components of the atmospheric input assembly are mounted on the mounting frame 23. Additionally, the sealing cover drive mechanism can be housed in a mounting base, which is slidably and adjustablely mounted on the mounting frame 23. This allows the vertical height of the sealing cover drive mechanism to be adjusted according to actual conditions to match the position of the filter membrane support plate 8. In this embodiment, the mounting frame 23 is provided with a slide rail with locking screw holes, and the mounting base is provided with a slider that mates with the slide rail. The slider is equipped with a locking bolt. When the position of the mounting base is determined, the locking bolt is inserted into the corresponding locking screw hole, thereby fixing the mounting base to the mounting frame 23.

[0038] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment, the sample extraction assembly includes an ultrasonic cleaner 16, an extraction liquid storage tank 19, and a waste liquid storage tank 21. The ultrasonic cleaner 16 is connected to an ultrapure water pipeline 14 on one side, and a metering pump 15 is installed on the ultrapure water pipeline 14. The ultrasonic cleaner 16 is connected to the extraction liquid storage tank 19 through an extraction liquid connection pipeline 18, and to the waste liquid storage tank 21 through a waste liquid connection pipeline 20. An extraction liquid output pipeline is provided on the lower side of the extraction liquid storage tank 19, and control valves 22 are provided on the extraction liquid output pipeline, the extraction liquid connection pipeline 18, and the waste liquid connection pipeline 20. An ultraviolet lamp 17 is provided on the upper side of the ultrasonic cleaner 16. The ultrasonic cleaner 16 is a technology known in the art and is a commercially available product. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic cleaner 16 is a small ultrasonic cleaner with a power of 120W and an ultrasonic frequency of 60KHz. It has timed ultrasonic, temperature measurement and heating functions. It can automatically switch on and off and perform ultrasonic cleaning. At the same time, when the temperature sensor detects that the working environment temperature is below 0℃, it automatically starts the heating and heat preservation functions to prevent the extract from freezing. The ultrasonic pool of the ultrasonic cleaner 16 is a flat cube with a large opening, which facilitates the contact between the collection filter membrane 7 on the outside of the rotating frame 9 and the extract, and also facilitates heat dissipation.

[0039] This invention employs ultrasonic extraction to remove water-soluble components from atmospheric particulate matter. After sampling, the collecting filter membrane 7 is driven into the ultrasonic cleaner 16 by the rotating frame 9 and comes into contact with the extraction liquid. The ultrasonic cleaner 16 activates ultrasound to wash the atmospheric particulate matter captured on the collecting filter membrane 7 into the extraction liquid. After a set ultrasonic time is reached, the water-soluble components in the collected atmospheric particulate matter dissolve into the extraction liquid. Then, the ultrasonic cleaner 16 stops working, and the control valve 22 on the extraction liquid connection pipeline 18 opens, allowing the extraction liquid to temporarily enter the extraction liquid storage tank 19 from the outlet below the ultrasonic cleaner 16. In addition, after ultrasonic extraction of a trapping filter membrane 7 is completed, in order to prevent cross-contamination of samples, the ultrasonic pool in the ultrasonic cleaner 16 needs to be ultrasonically sterilized and cleaned. A set volume of ultrapure water flows into the ultrasonic cleaner 16 through the ultrapure water pipeline 14 via the metering pump 15, while the waste liquid is discharged into the waste liquid storage tank 21 through the waste liquid connection pipeline 20. At the same time, the ultraviolet lamp 17 is turned on to sterilize the ultrasonic pool. After 5 minutes of ultrasonic cleaning, all the liquid in the ultrasonic pool is discharged. The metering pump 15 controls the set volume of ultrapure water to enter the ultrasonic pool of the ultrasonic cleaner 16 as the extraction liquid. In addition, the trapping filter membrane 7 after ultrasonication is dried during the upward rotation between the upper and lower filter membrane sealing covers, which can capture atmospheric particulate matter again, thereby realizing the automation and continuity of sample collection and pretreatment.

[0040] The sampling time for atmospheric particulate matter and the ultrasonic extraction time for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter can be set according to actual conditions. For details, please refer to the "Ambient Air - Water-soluble Cations (Li) in Particulate Matter". + Na + NH4 + K + Ca 2+ Mg 2+ The determination of water-soluble anions (F) in particulate matter by ion chromatography (HJ 800-2016) and the determination of water-soluble anions (F) in particulate matter in ambient air by ion chromatography (HJ 800-2016) are both related to the determination of water-soluble anions (F) in particulate matter. - Cl - ,Br - NO2 - NO3 - PO4 3- SO3 2- SO4 2- The determination of ) by ion chromatography (HJ 800-2016) is a national environmental protection standard. In addition, considering the continuity of sample collection and extraction, and to avoid cross-contamination of samples, the total time of ultrasonic extraction and cleaning should be controlled within the sampling time.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, a rotation drive device 10 is provided in the middle of the rotating frame 9, and the rotating frame 9 is driven to rotate by the rotation drive device. In addition, in this embodiment, all devices are powered by solar panels to better meet the requirements of the operating environment. The solar panels are installed in appropriate positions on the mounting frame 23.

[0042] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0043] The method of using this invention includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: Control the rotating frame 9 to rotate to the set position so that the clean collection filter membrane 7 on the upper side of the rotating frame 9 moves between the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4, and the collection filter membrane 7 collected on the lower side of the rotating frame 9 moves into the ultrasonic cleaner 16 of the sample extraction assembly.

[0045] Step 2: The upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 are driven to fasten at the corresponding positions of the collecting filter membrane 7 by the sealing cover driving mechanism, forming a complete sealed space;

[0046] Step 3: The atmospheric input component is started. The gas is first separated by the atmospheric particle cutter 1, and then filtered through the trapping filter membrane 7 in the sealed cover. Atmospheric particles that meet the required particle size are trapped on the trapping filter membrane 7. The remaining gas flows out through the output pipe 11. At the same time, the ultrasonic cleaner 16 in the sample extraction component is started to wash the atmospheric particles trapped on the trapping filter membrane 7 into the extraction liquid. After washing is completed, the ultrasonic cleaner 16 stops working, and the extraction liquid flows from the ultrasonic cleaner 16 into the extraction liquid storage tank 19 for storage. After the extraction liquid is drained, the ultrasonic cleaner 16 and the trapping filter membrane 7 after ultrasonic extraction are cleaned.

[0047] Step 4: After the sampling of the upper filter membrane 7 on the rotating frame 9 is completed and the ultrasonic cleaner 16 and the filter membrane 7 on the lower side of the rotating frame 9 are cleaned, the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4 are opened by the sealing cover driving mechanism.

[0048] Step 5: Control the rotating frame 9 to rotate to the set position so that the collected filter membrane 7 on the upper side of the rotating frame 9 is removed from the upper filter membrane sealing cover 3 and the lower filter membrane sealing cover 4, and the collected filter membrane 7 on the lower side of the rotating frame 9 is removed from the ultrasonic cleaner 16. At the same time, the extraction liquid is re-injected into the ultrasonic cleaner 16.

Claims

1. An online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter, characterized in that: The system includes a rotating frame (9), an air input component, and a sample extraction component. The rotating frame (9) has a filter membrane support plate (8) along its circumferential direction, and the filter membrane support plate (8) is evenly distributed with a trapping filter membrane (7) along its circumferential direction. The air input component includes an air particulate cutter (1), an upper filter membrane sealing cover (3), a lower filter membrane sealing cover (4), and a sealing cover driving mechanism. The upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4) are driven by the sealing cover driving mechanism. The frame moves up and down, and the collecting filter membrane (7) on the upper side of the rotating frame (9) is located between the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4). The atmospheric particulate matter cutter (1) is connected to the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) through the connecting pipe (2), and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4) is connected to the output pipe (11). The sample extraction assembly includes an ultrasonic cleaner (16), and the collecting filter membrane (7) collected on the lower side of the rotating frame (9) is placed in the ultrasonic cleaner (16).

2. The online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atmospheric input component includes an air pump (13), and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4) is connected to the air pump (13) through the output pipeline (11).

3. The online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The output pipeline (11) is equipped with a retention bottle (12).

4. The online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cover drive mechanism includes a motor (6) and a lead screw (5) driven to rotate by the motor (6). The lead screw (5) has two threaded sections with opposite directions of rotation, and each threaded section is provided with a nut (501). The rear end of the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the rear end of the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4) are provided with connecting rods that are respectively connected to the corresponding nuts (501).

5. The online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating frame (9) has a mounting frame (23) on one side, and the atmospheric input component is mounted on the mounting frame (23).

6. The online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample extraction assembly includes an ultrasonic cleaner (16), an extractant storage tank (19), and a waste liquid storage tank (21). One side of the ultrasonic cleaner (16) is connected to an ultrapure water pipeline (14), and a metering pump (15) is installed on the ultrapure water pipeline (14). The ultrasonic cleaner (16) is connected to the extractant storage tank (19) through an extractant connection pipeline (18) and to the waste liquid storage tank (21) through a waste liquid connection pipeline (20). Both the extractant connection pipeline (18) and the waste liquid connection pipeline (20) are equipped with control valves (22). An ultraviolet lamp (17) is installed on the upper side of the ultrasonic cleaner (16).

7. A method of using the online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: Step 1: Control the rotating frame (9) to rotate to a set position so that the clean collection filter membrane (7) on the upper side of the rotating frame (9) moves between the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4), and the collection filter membrane (7) collected on the lower side of the rotating frame (9) moves into the ultrasonic cleaner (16) of the sample extraction assembly; Step 2: The upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4) are driven to fasten at the corresponding collection filter membrane (7) positions by the sealing cover driving mechanism and form a complete A complete sealed space; Step 3: The atmospheric input component is started. The gas is first separated by the atmospheric particulate cutter (1) and then filtered by the trapping filter membrane (7). The atmospheric particulate matter that meets the required particle size is trapped on the corresponding trapping filter membrane (7), and the remaining gas flows out through the output pipeline (11); At the same time, the ultrasonic cleaner (16) in the sample extraction component is started to wash the atmospheric particulate matter trapped on the corresponding trapping filter membrane (7) into the extraction liquid. After the washing is completed, the ultrasonic cleaner (16) stops working, and the extraction liquid flows out from the ultrasonic cleaner (16). The extract is stored in the extraction tank (19). After the extract is drained, the ultrasonic cleaner (16) and the ultrasonically extracted collection filter membrane (7) are cleaned. Step 4: After the collection filter membrane (7) on the upper side of the rotating frame (9) is sampled, and the ultrasonic cleaner (16) and collection filter membrane (7) on the lower side of the rotating frame (9) are cleaned, the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4) are opened by the sealing cover driving mechanism. Step 5: Control the rotating frame (9) to rotate to the set position so that the The collected filter membrane (7) collected on the upper side of the rotating frame (9) is removed from the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4), and the next clean collected filter membrane (7) moves between the upper filter membrane sealing cover (3) and the lower filter membrane sealing cover (4). At the same time, the collected filter membrane (7) cleaned on the lower side of the rotating frame (9) is removed from the ultrasonic cleaner (16), and the next collected filter membrane (7) is moved into the ultrasonic cleaner (16). Meanwhile, the extraction liquid is re-injected into the ultrasonic cleaner (16).

8. The method of using the online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step three, when the extractant in the ultrasonic cleaner (16) is drained, the extractant connection pipe (18) is opened, and the extractant enters the extractant storage tank (19) from the outlet below the ultrasonic cleaner (16).

9. The method of using the online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step three, when cleaning the ultrasonic cleaner (16) and the ultrasonically extracted collection filter membrane (7), the extraction liquid connection pipeline (18) is closed, and the set volume of ultrapure water flows into the ultrasonic cleaner (16) through the ultrapure water pipeline (14) via the metering pump (15). At the same time, the ultraviolet lamp (17) is turned on for sterilization. After the ultrasonic cleaning time is set, the waste liquid connection pipeline (20) is opened, and the waste liquid is discharged from the waste liquid connection pipeline (20) into the waste liquid storage tank (21).

10. The method of using the online capture and extraction device for water-soluble components in atmospheric particulate matter according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step five, when the extractant is re-injected into the ultrasonic cleaner (16), both the extractant connection pipe (18) and the waste liquid connection pipe (20) are closed. The set volume of ultrapure water flows into the ultrasonic cleaner (16) through the ultrapure water pipe (14) via the metering pump (15).

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