A supersonic nozzle and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a supersonic nozzle and its application, wherein the supersonic nozzle comprises a body; the body is composed of a coaxial and sequentially arranged cylindrical tube, a trumpet tube and a circular ring, the inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical tube, and the trumpet tube transitionally connects the cylindrical tube and the circular ring; n notches are provided on the outer edge of the circular ring to form n regularly arranged ratchets, and an air inlet is provided at the end of each ratchet, n=16; n air outlets are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the central axis of the cylindrical tube on one end of the cylindrical tube away from the trumpet tube; n spiral airways are provided inside the body, the cross section of the spiral airway is circular, and the size decreases from the air inlet side to the air outlet side; the supersonic nozzle can be applied to a low-temperature gas generating device and a minimal lubrication system. The present invention can realize the switching of two modes of low temperature and normal temperature, and realize green and clean production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lubrication devices and relates to a supersonic nozzle and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the grinding process, workpieces with different grinding heats need to be processed. In order to prevent the surface of workpieces with high grinding heats such as high-temperature alloys such as titanium alloys and nickel-based alloys from being burned, and to reduce the temperature of abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel and increase the service life of the grinding wheel, low-temperature micro-lubrication is required. However, in the processing of ordinary workpieces with low grinding heats such as cast iron and carbon steel, if low-temperature micro-lubrication is used, the temperature of abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel will be too low, the brittleness will be too high, the life of the grinding wheel will be reduced, and energy will be wasted. Therefore, the use of a traditional single-working mode micro-lubrication system will inevitably reduce the life of the grinding wheel and waste energy, and it will be difficult to meet the lubrication and cooling requirements of workpiece materials with different grinding heats during grinding. In addition, at the current stage, vigorously promoting carbon dioxide emission reduction and promoting the realization of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" is an important part of my country's efforts to promote green and low-carbon economic development.

[0003] As a key component of the micro-lubrication system, the performance of the supersonic nozzle will directly affect the refrigeration efficiency of the micro-lubrication system, thereby affecting the working efficiency and energy consumption of the low-temperature micro-lubrication system.

[0004] Patent WO2018126521 discloses a supersonic nozzle vortex tube refrigeration and nanofluid micro-lubrication coupled supply system, which consists of a low-temperature gas generating device, a nanofluid micro-lubrication supply system, a gas distribution control valve, and a low-temperature oil and gas external mixing atomizing nozzle; the low-temperature gas generating device adopts a supersonic nozzle, and the vortex tube nozzle flow channel is set to different streamlines to increase the vortex intensity of the gas at the vortex tube nozzle, thereby increasing the degree of energy separation and further improving the refrigeration efficiency; the motor drives the nanofluid micro-lubrication supply system, which can more conveniently and accurately control the flow rate of the supplied nanofluid.

[0005] Although the above patent has improved the refrigeration efficiency to a certain extent, the design of its supersonic nozzle only allows the fluid to be accelerated to the speed of sound. When the airflow approaches the next adjacent inter-blade channel, the speed is reduced to the subsonic range. The huge energy loss caused by the flow state transition causes the fluid in the energy exchange chamber to be unable to maintain supersonic vortex flow, resulting in low energy efficiency of its vortex tube; at the same time, its lubrication system cannot achieve switching under different grinding thermal scenarios, thereby affecting the processing quality of the workpiece and energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art. The present invention provides a supersonic nozzle and its application, specifically provides a supersonic nozzle, a low-temperature gas generating device comprising the supersonic nozzle, and a micro-lubrication system comprising the low-temperature gas generating device; the nozzle of the present invention can accelerate the fluid to supersonic speed, and at the same time enable the fluid in the energy exchange chamber to maintain supersonic vortex flow, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the vortex tube (that is, the low-temperature gas generating device of the present invention); the micro-lubrication system of the present invention can realize switching under different grinding thermal scenarios.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A supersonic nozzle comprises a body;

[0009] The main body is composed of a coaxial cylindrical tube, a horn tube and a circular ring arranged in sequence. The inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical tube. The horn tube transitionally connects the cylindrical tube and the circular ring.

[0010] The outer edge of the ring is provided with n notches to form n regularly arranged ratchets, and an air inlet is provided at the end of each ratchets, n=16;

[0011] The end of the cylinder away from the horn is provided with n air outlets evenly distributed around the circumference of the central axis of the cylinder;

[0012] The body is provided with n spiral air channels inside, and the n spiral air channels are regularly arranged around the central axis of the body;

[0013] The n air inlets, the n spiral air passages, and the n air outlets are connected in a one-to-one correspondence; the cross section of the spiral air passage is circular, and the size decreases from the air inlet side to the air outlet side.

[0014] As the preferred technical solution:

[0015] In the supersonic nozzle as described above, the angle between the outlet direction of the outlet and the cross section of the cylindrical tube is 0° to 12°, so as to control the direction of the gas entering the vortex chamber.

[0016] As described above, the supersonic nozzle has an inner diameter of 34 mm, an outer diameter of 65 mm, and a thickness of 15 mm; the diameter of the circle where the root of the ratchet is located is 37 mm; the diameter of the air inlet is 6-8 mm; the length of the horn is 5 mm; the inner diameter of the cylinder is 21 mm, the outer diameter is 29 mm, and the length is 10 mm; the air outlet is elliptical, the major diameter of the air outlet is 1.5-2 mm, and the minor diameter of the air outlet is 0.5-0.8 mm; the results show that if the size of the supersonic nozzle is slightly improperly selected, it will lead to the instability of the vortex flow and the deterioration of the performance of the vortex tube. The present invention derives a simplified semi-one-dimensional model of the vortex gas flow and corrects the size of the supersonic nozzle (see Figure 4) to stabilize the flow.

[0017] The present invention also provides a low-temperature gas generating device, comprising the supersonic nozzle, energy exchange chamber, nozzle housing, cold end valve and hot end valve as described above;

[0018] The energy exchange chamber is a cylindrical tube, and the inner diameter gradually decreases from left to right;

[0019] The cylindrical barrel of the supersonic nozzle is inserted into the right end of the energy exchange chamber and has an interference fit therewith. The cold end valve is connected to the circular ring of the supersonic nozzle, and a cold air outlet is provided in the cold end valve. The cold end valve decelerates the cold air and improves the separation efficiency of the energy exchange chamber.

[0020] The hot end valve is connected to the left end of the energy exchange chamber, and is provided with a normal temperature gas inlet a and a hot gas outlet b; the hot end valve changes the heat flow from axial to radial, which is convenient for collecting the heat flow, slowing down the heat flow, and improving the separation efficiency of the energy exchange chamber;

[0021] A normal temperature gas inlet b is provided on the nozzle shell, and the nozzle shell is simultaneously mounted on the energy exchange chamber and the cold end valve, the three of which form a normal temperature gas cavity, the normal temperature gas inlet b is connected to the normal temperature gas cavity, and the supersonic nozzle is located in the normal temperature gas cavity.

[0022] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present invention is that the energy efficiency of the vortex tube in the prior art is low, and the specific analysis is as follows:

[0023] The energy exchange in the low-temperature gas generating device occurs in the energy exchange chamber near the nozzle. Because the highest vortex speed is observed in this area, the radial temperature and pressure gradients are large. Therefore, the intensity of energy exchange in the energy exchange chamber (i.e., energy efficiency) is closely related to the length of the energy exchange area (Ls) and the range of the energy exchange intensive area.

[0024] The nozzle design of the prior art injects the inlet vortex flow into the energy separation chamber in a radial direction (perpendicular to the axis of the energy separation chamber), and then the airflow direction suddenly changes by 90 degrees, forming an outflow moving along the wall of the energy separation chamber. This rapid transition from radial to axial flow results in the formation of six velocity loss points inside the energy separation chamber. The huge energy loss caused at the velocity loss points makes it impossible to maintain the supersonic vortex flow in the energy separation chamber, and therefore it is impossible to gradually increase the gas velocity to a supersonic speed (such as Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , and the smaller the vortex speed, the smaller the length and the range of the energy exchange area formed by the vortex, so the efficiency of energy exchange will be reduced. Therefore, the energy efficiency of the vortex tube in the prior art is low. Figure 3 As shown, the performance coefficient usually does not exceed 15-30%.

[0025] The present invention proposes and designs a novel supersonic nozzle based on the shortcomings of the vortex tube in the prior art. The spiral airway in the nozzle is divided into three sections, the first section is located in the ring, the second section is located in the trumpet, and the third section is located in the cylinder. The compressed air first passes through the first and second sections of the spiral airway for acceleration, but maintains a subsonic state, and then enters the third section of the spiral airway. During this period, the airflow direction changes from radial to axial. The circular cross-section of the spiral airway provides airflow acceleration (the area of ​​the circular cross-section becomes smaller and smaller, and the cross-section of the airway from the air inlet to the air outlet is gradually convergent. When the fluid moves in the tube, when the flow rate is constant, the smaller the cross-section, the greater the flow rate). At the same time, the change in airflow direction reduces energy loss (from Figure 1 It can be seen that the conventional nozzle accelerates the air to the speed of sound at the outlet where the inter-blade channel narrows. When the supersonic airflow approaches the next adjacent inter-blade channel, the speed will be reduced to the subsonic range. The direction of the supersonic airflow entering the energy exchange zone from the nozzle designed by the present invention is changed from the subsonic airflow perpendicular to the axial direction of the energy exchange zone to the parallel axial direction, thereby avoiding the reduction of the speed of the supersonic airflow when it approaches the next adjacent inter-blade channel. Therefore, the airflow becomes a supersonic state after coming out of the third section of the spiral airway. The present invention uses three-dimensional RANS simulation to analyze the gas flow in the supersonic nozzle. The results confirm that the supersonic nozzle of the present invention can gradually increase the gas speed to supersonic speed (see Figure 2 ), this controlled and stable supersonic vortex formation process makes the supersonic zone of the energy separation chamber significantly stretched, and the energy exchange area along the energy exchange chamber can be extended by about 38%, thereby expanding the area occupied by the supersonic vortex in the energy exchange chamber, thereby improving the degree of energy exchange. Therefore, the vortex tube of the present invention has high energy efficiency, such as Figure 3 As shown, the temperature separation effect and energy efficiency coefficient of the vortex tube of the present invention are significantly improved when the cold flow fraction is 0.2-1.2. The vortex tube using the supersonic nozzle of the present invention not only improves the temperature separation effect, but also improves the energy efficiency of the vortex tube, and the performance coefficient can reach 37%.

[0026] As the preferred technical solution:

[0027] A low-temperature gas generating device as described above, wherein the cold end valve is composed of a cold flow diffusion chamber and a reducer I;

[0028] The cold flow diffusion chamber is composed of a coaxial left cylindrical tube and a right cylindrical tube. The outer diameter of the left cylindrical tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the right cylindrical tube. The inner diameter of the cold flow diffusion chamber gradually increases from left to right. The right end of the cold flow diffusion chamber is a cold air outlet.

[0029] The reducer I is composed of a central fixed shaft and four speed reducers; the four speed reducers are evenly distributed around the central fixed shaft, the four speed reducers are connected to the central fixed shaft at the same time, and the right ends of the four speed reducers are bent; the gas flows through the bent end and collides with the speed reducer, resulting in energy loss, thereby achieving the effect of decelerating the gas;

[0030] The left cylindrical tube of the cold flow diffusion chamber is inserted into the circular ring of the supersonic nozzle and has an interference fit therewith; the reducer I is fixed inside the cold flow diffusion chamber, close to the left end of the cold flow diffusion chamber, and the central fixed axis of the reducer I is coaxial with the cold flow diffusion chamber; the nozzle housing is simultaneously mounted on the energy exchange chamber and the cold flow diffusion chamber.

[0031] A low temperature gas generating device as described above, the hot end valve is composed of a heat flux diffusion chamber, a reducer II and a heat flux collector;

[0032] The heat diffusion chamber is composed of a coaxial left cylindrical tube and a right cylindrical tube. The outer diameter of the left cylindrical tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the right cylindrical tube. A hot gas outlet a is provided on the side wall of the right cylindrical tube. The left end of the heat diffusion chamber is a normal temperature gas inlet a.

[0033] The reducer II is composed of a central deceleration boss and four diverter plates; a horizontal gas channel is opened in the middle of the central deceleration boss; the four diverter plates are evenly distributed around the gas channel, and the four diverter plates are connected to the central deceleration boss at the same time; the compressed air enters the energy exchange chamber from the gas channel, and the hot air discharged from the energy exchange chamber flows through the central deceleration boss, collides with it to change the direction of the airflow, and energy is lost, thereby achieving the effect of decelerating the gas;

[0034] The right cylindrical tube of the heat diffusion chamber is sleeved on the left end of the energy exchange chamber; the reducer II is fixed inside the right cylindrical tube of the heat diffusion chamber, and the hot gas cavity a is surrounded by the central reduction boss and the right cylindrical tube of the heat diffusion chamber, and the hot gas cavity a is connected to the hot gas outlet a, and the gas channel is also connected to the normal temperature gas inlet a and the hollow part of the energy exchange chamber;

[0035] The heat flux collector is provided with a hot gas outlet b, which is sleeved on the right cylindrical tube of the heat flux diffusion chamber, and the two form a hot gas cavity b. The hot gas outlet b is connected with the hot gas cavity b, and the hot gas outlet a is located in the hot gas cavity b.

[0036] In addition, the present invention also provides a micro-lubrication system, including the low-temperature gas generating device as described above, and also including a high-pressure gas generating device, an electromagnetically controlled reversing valve, an intelligent regulator, an electric pressure regulating valve I, an electric pressure regulating valve II, a check valve II, a check valve III, an electric pressure regulating valve III, an electric pressure regulating valve IV, an atomizing nozzle, a check valve I, a check valve IV, an oil storage tank, a manual flow regulating knob and a micro-pump;

[0037] The high-pressure gas generating device is connected to the electromagnetically controlled reversing valve, and the electromagnetically controlled reversing valve is directly controlled by the intelligent regulator; the intelligent regulator is provided with a low temperature button and a normal temperature button to facilitate the switching of the working mode;

[0038] One output end of the electromagnetic control reversing valve is simultaneously connected to the electric pressure regulating valve I and the electric pressure regulating valve II, the electric pressure regulating valve I is connected to the normal temperature gas inlet a of the low temperature gas generating device, the electric pressure regulating valve II is connected to the normal temperature gas inlet b of the low temperature gas generating device, the cold gas outlet of the low temperature gas generating device is simultaneously connected to the one-way valve II and the one-way valve III, the one-way valve II is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve III, the one-way valve III is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve IV, and the electric pressure regulating valve III and the electric pressure regulating valve IV are simultaneously connected to the atomizing nozzle;

[0039] The other output end of the electromagnetic control reversing valve is connected to the check valve I and the check valve IV at the same time, the check valve I is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve III, and the check valve IV is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve IV;

[0040] The oil storage tank, the manual flow regulating knob and the micro pump are connected in sequence, and the micro pump is connected to the atomizing nozzle.

[0041] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the prior art micro-lubrication system is a single low-temperature working mode when processing different grinding heat workpieces on the same grinding machine. When processing workpieces with low grinding heat, there is no need to cool the workpiece and the grinding wheel at low temperature, which will make the brittleness of the abrasive grains on the surface of the grinding wheel too high, reduce the service life of the grinding wheel, and also cause energy waste; the present invention controls the electromagnetic control reversing valve to switch through the intelligent regulator, so that the low-temperature micro-lubrication system can realize two working modes: low-temperature working mode and normal temperature working mode. In the low-temperature working mode, high-pressure low-temperature gas participates in the atomization process of the lubricating oil, and forms a low-temperature lubricating oil droplet spray and enters the grinding processing area; in the normal temperature working mode, high-pressure normal temperature gas participates in the atomization process of the lubricating oil, and forms a normal temperature lubricating oil droplet spray and enters the grinding processing area; the low-temperature working mode in the present invention can meet the lubrication and cooling requirements of the grinding processing of high grinding heat workpieces, and the normal temperature working mode can meet the lubrication and cooling requirements of the grinding processing of low grinding heat workpieces, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving when processing different grinding heat workpieces.

[0042] In the low-temperature working mode, the system connects the high-pressure gas generator and the low-temperature gas generator: the normal-temperature high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator enters the electric pressure regulating valve I and the electric pressure regulating valve II, and enters the low-temperature gas generator after pressure regulation by the electric pressure regulating valve I and the electric pressure regulating valve II (one enters from the normal-temperature gas inlet a, and the other enters from the normal-temperature gas inlet b). The 16-way airway inlet in the supersonic nozzle is connected to the air inlet chamber, and the high-pressure gas sprayed from the air inlet chamber inlet enters the inlet of the 16-way airway. The high-pressure gas passes through the converging circular spiral After the cyclone, it is accelerated to supersonic speed and changes the speed direction. The outlet of the 16-way airway is connected to the energy exchange chamber. The supersonic gas entering the energy exchange chamber forms two streams of cold air and hot air through energy exchange. The cold air enters the cold end valve (i.e., the cold flow diffusion chamber and reducer I) along the central axis, and the hot air enters the hot end valve along the inner wall of the energy exchange chamber. After being decelerated by the cold end valve, the cold air enters the one-way valve II and one-way valve III through the cold air outlet of the low-temperature gas generating device, and finally enters the atomizing nozzle after pressure regulation by the electric pressure regulating valve III and the electric pressure regulating valve IV.

[0043] In the normal temperature working mode, the system is connected to the high-pressure gas generator: the normal temperature high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator enters the one-way valve I and the one-way valve IV, and then enters the atomizing nozzle after pressure regulation by the electric pressure regulating valve III and the electric pressure regulating valve IV.

[0044] As the preferred technical solution:

[0045] A minimal lubrication system as described above also includes pressure sensor I, pressure sensor II, pressure sensor III and pressure sensor IV; pressure sensor I is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve I and the low-temperature gas generating device; pressure sensor II is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve II and the low-temperature gas generating device; pressure sensor III is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve III and the atomizing nozzle; pressure sensor IV is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve IV and the atomizing nozzle.

[0046] A minimal lubrication system as described above also includes a digital pressure gauge I, a digital pressure gauge II, a digital pressure gauge IV and a digital pressure gauge III; the digital pressure gauge I is connected to the pressure sensor I; the digital pressure gauge II is connected to the pressure sensor II; the digital pressure gauge IV is connected to the pressure sensor III; the digital pressure gauge III is connected to the pressure sensor IV; the digital pressure gauge I, the digital pressure gauge II, the digital pressure gauge IV and the digital pressure gauge III are connected to the intelligent regulator at the same time.

[0047] The intelligent regulator adopts a PID control system. The system collects the electrical signals sent by the pressure sensor and processes and calculates them. It controls the electric pressure regulating valve I, electric pressure regulating valve II, electric pressure regulating valve III and electric pressure regulating valve IV by outputting electrical signals, and continuously corrects the gas pressure in the pipe until the set value is reached.

[0048] In the minimal lubrication system as described above, the high-pressure gas generating device is composed of an air compressor and an air filter.

[0049] Beneficial Effects

[0050] (1) A supersonic nozzle of the present invention can reduce the energy loss in the process of airflow turning, avoid the orthogonal collision between the supersonic airflow and the subsonic airflow after entering the energy exchange chamber from the nozzle, further reduce the energy loss of the supersonic airflow, realize the range of the energy exchange zone, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency and reducing the energy consumption of the device;

[0051] (2) In a low-temperature gas generating device of the present invention, the hot-end valve changes the heat flow from axial to radial, which is convenient for collecting the heat flow, slowing down the heat flow, and improving the separation efficiency of the energy exchange chamber; the cold-end valve can effectively slow down the cold gas and improve the separation efficiency of the energy exchange chamber;

[0052] (3) The micro-lubrication system of the present invention realizes the delivery of high-pressure gas at different temperatures in two working modes by designing a unique dual-path high-pressure gas generating device. The working mode of the system can be changed according to the micro-lubrication requirements in different grinding heat scenarios, effectively reducing grinding heat burns on workpieces, improving surface quality, and realizing green and clean production;

[0053] (4) A micro-lubrication system of the present invention, by designing an electric pressure regulating valve and a pressure sensor to be connected in parallel to an intelligent regulator, can adjust the pressure of the gas in the pipeline in real time, stabilize the gas pressure involved in the atomization of the lubricating oil in the nozzle and the gas pressure entering the low-temperature gas generating device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 The simulation results of the flow field in the traditional vortex tube are shown in Figure 2; Figure (a) is the distribution diagram of the airflow velocity in the traditional vortex tube, and Figure (b) is the distribution diagram of the airflow velocity in the traditional nozzle. In the figure, Ls is the length of the energy exchange area.

[0055] Figure 2 The figures are simulation results of the flow field in the vortex tube using the supersonic nozzle of the present invention; wherein, Figure (a) is a distribution diagram of the airflow velocity in the vortex tube using the nozzle of the present invention, and Figure (b) is a distribution diagram of the airflow velocity in the nozzle of the present invention, and Ls in the figure is the length of the energy exchange area;

[0056] from Figure 1 and Figure 2It can be seen that compared with the conventional nozzle, the nozzle of the present invention extends the length of the energy exchange area along the energy separation chamber by about 38%, so that a large part of the energy separation chamber of the nozzle of the present invention is occupied by the supersonic vortex, the energy exchange is enhanced, and the air flow velocity of the nozzle of the present invention is steadily accelerated to the supersonic value, without a velocity loss point, and the energy loss is relatively low;

[0057] Figure 3 The temperature separation effect and energy efficiency coefficient of the supersonic nozzle of the present invention are shown in Figure (a). The temperature separation effect of the nozzle of the present invention and the traditional nozzle are compared under different cold flow fractions, and Figure (b) is the energy efficiency coefficient of the nozzle of the present invention and the traditional nozzle under different cold flow fractions. It can be seen from the data in the figure that the temperature separation effect and energy efficiency coefficient of the supersonic nozzle of the present invention are significantly improved when the cold flow fraction is 0.2 to 1.2.

[0058] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the supersonic nozzle of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the size details of the supersonic nozzle of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a spiral air passage in a supersonic nozzle of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the supersonic nozzle of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the reducer I in the low-temperature gas generating device of the present invention;

[0063] Figures 9-10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reducer II in the low-temperature gas generating device of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-section structure of the low-temperature gas generating device of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the low-temperature gas generating device of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.13 It is a connection schematic diagram of the micro-lubrication system of the present invention;

[0067] Among them, 1-air compressor, 2-air filter, 3-electromagnetic control reversing valve, 4-electric pressure regulating valve I, 5-electric pressure regulating valve II, 6-pressure sensor I, 7-pressure sensor II, 8-digital pressure gauge I, 9-digital pressure gauge II, 10-intelligent regulator, 11-low temperature gas generating device, 12-check valve I, 13-check valve II, 14-check valve III, 15-check valve IV, 16-digital pressure gauge III, 17-digital pressure gauge IV, 18-electric pressure regulating valve III , 19-electric pressure regulating valve IV, 20-pressure sensor III, 21-pressure sensor IV, 22-oil storage tank, 23-manual flow adjustment knob, 24-micro pump, 25-atomizing nozzle, 26-cold flow diffusion chamber, 27-reducer I, 28-supersonic nozzle, 28.1-cylindrical tube, 28.2-horn tube, 28.3-ring, 28.4-pawl, 28.5-air inlet, 28.6-air outlet, 29-nozzle housing, 30-energy exchange chamber, 31-heat flow diffusion chamber, 32-heat flow collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms fall within the scope limited by the appended claims of the application equally.

[0069] A supersonic nozzle, such as Figures 4 to 7 As shown, it includes a cylindrical tube 28.1, a horn tube 28.2 and a ring 28.3;

[0070] The inner diameter of the ring 28.3 is 34 mm, the outer diameter is 65 mm, and the thickness is 15 mm. 16 notches are provided on the outer edge of the ring 28.3 to form 16 regularly arranged ratchets 28.4. The diameter of the circle where the roots of the ratchets 28.4 are located is 37 mm. An air inlet 28.5 with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm is provided at the end of each ratchets 28.4.

[0071] The inner diameter of the cylinder 28.1 is 21 mm, the outer diameter is 29 mm, and the length is 10 mm; the length of the horn 28.2 is 5 mm; 16 elliptical air outlets 28.6 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the central axis of the cylinder 28.1 on the end of the cylinder 28.1 away from the horn 28.2; the long diameter of the air outlet 28.6 is 1.5 to 2 mm, the short diameter is 0.5 to 0.8 mm, and the angle between the air outlet direction of the air outlet 28.6 and the cross section of the cylinder 28.1 is 0° to 12°;

[0072] The cylindrical tube 28.1, the trumpet tube 28.2 and the ring 28.3 are coaxial and sequentially connected to form the main body of the supersonic nozzle;

[0073] like Figure 6 As shown, 16 spiral air channels are provided inside the main body, and the 16 spiral air channels are regularly arranged around the central axis of the main body; 16 air inlets, 16 spiral air channels, and 16 air outlets are connected one by one; the cross-section of the spiral air channel is circular, and the size decreases from the air inlet side to the air outlet side.

[0074] A low temperature gas generating device, such as Figures 11-12 As shown, it includes an energy exchange chamber 30, a nozzle housing 29, a cold end valve, a hot end valve and a supersonic nozzle 28, and the supersonic nozzle 28 is the supersonic nozzle mentioned above;

[0075] The energy exchange chamber 30 is a cylindrical tube, and the inner diameter gradually decreases from left to right;

[0076] The cold end valve consists of a cold flow diffusion chamber 26 and a reducer I27;

[0077] The cold flow diffusion chamber 26 is composed of a coaxial left cylindrical tube and a right cylindrical tube. The outer diameter of the left cylindrical tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the right cylindrical tube. The inner diameter of the cold flow diffusion chamber 26 gradually increases from left to right. The right end of the cold flow diffusion chamber 26 is a cold air outlet.

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, the reducer I27 is composed of a central fixed shaft and four speed reducers; the four speed reducers are evenly distributed around the central fixed shaft, the four speed reducers are connected to the central fixed shaft at the same time, and the right ends of the four speed reducers are bent;

[0079] like Fig.11 As shown, the left cylindrical tube of the cold flow diffusion chamber 26 is inserted into the annular ring of the supersonic nozzle 28 and has an interference fit therewith; the cylindrical tube of the supersonic nozzle 28 is inserted into the right end of the energy exchange chamber 30 and has an interference fit therewith; the reducer I27 is fixed inside the cold flow diffusion chamber 26, close to the left end of the cold flow diffusion chamber 26, and the central fixed axis of the reducer I27 is coaxial with the cold flow diffusion chamber 26;

[0080] The nozzle housing 29 is simultaneously mounted on the energy exchange chamber 30 and the cold flow diffusion chamber 26, and the three of them form a normal temperature gas cavity, and the supersonic nozzle 28 is located in the normal temperature gas cavity; the nozzle housing 29 is provided with a normal temperature gas inlet b, and the normal temperature gas inlet b is connected to the normal temperature gas cavity;

[0081] The hot end valve is composed of a heat flux diffusion chamber 31, a reducer II and a heat flux collector 32;

[0082] The heat diffusion chamber 31 is composed of a coaxial left cylindrical tube and a right cylindrical tube. The outer diameter of the left cylindrical tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the right cylindrical tube. A hot gas outlet a is provided on the side wall of the right cylindrical tube. The left end of the heat diffusion chamber 31 is a normal temperature gas inlet a.

[0083] like Figures 9-10 As shown, the reducer II is composed of a central reduction boss and four diverter plates; a horizontal gas channel is opened in the middle of the central reduction boss; the four diverter plates are evenly distributed around the gas channel, and the four diverter plates are connected to the central reduction boss at the same time;

[0084] like Fig.11 As shown, a hot gas outlet b is provided on the heat flow collector 32, and the heat flow collector 32 is sleeved on the right cylindrical tube of the heat flow diffusion chamber 31, and the two surround a hot gas cavity b, and the hot gas outlet b is connected with the hot gas cavity b, and the hot gas outlet a is located in the hot gas cavity b;

[0085] The right cylindrical tube of the heat flux diffusion chamber 31 is sleeved on the left end of the energy exchange chamber 30; the reducer II is fixed inside the right cylindrical tube of the heat flux diffusion chamber 31, and the hot gas cavity a is surrounded by the central deceleration boss and the right cylindrical tube of the heat flux diffusion chamber 31. The hot gas cavity a is connected to the hot gas outlet a, and the gas channel is also connected to the normal temperature gas inlet a and the hollow part of the energy exchange chamber 30.

[0086] A minimal lubrication system, such as Fig.13 As shown, it includes pressure sensor I6, pressure sensor II7, pressure sensor III20, pressure sensor IV21, digital pressure gauge I8, digital pressure gauge II9, digital pressure gauge IV17 and digital pressure gauge III16, electromagnetic control reversing valve 3, intelligent regulator 10, electric pressure regulating valve I4, electric pressure regulating valve II5, check valve II13, check valve III14, electric pressure regulating valve III18, electric pressure regulating valve IV19, atomizing nozzle 25, check valve I12, check valve IV15, oil storage tank 22, manual flow adjustment knob 23, micro pump 24, high pressure gas generating device and low temperature gas generating device 11, low temperature gas generating device 11 is the above-mentioned low temperature gas generating device;

[0087] The high-pressure gas generating device is composed of an air compressor 1 and an air filter 2. The high-pressure gas generating device is connected to an electromagnetically controlled reversing valve 3. The electromagnetically controlled reversing valve 3 is directly controlled by an intelligent regulator 10.

[0088] One output end of the electromagnetic control reversing valve 3 is simultaneously connected to the electric pressure regulating valve I4 and the electric pressure regulating valve II5, the electric pressure regulating valve I4 is connected to the normal temperature gas inlet a of the low temperature gas generating device 11, the electric pressure regulating valve II5 is connected to the normal temperature gas inlet b of the low temperature gas generating device 11, the cold air outlet of the low temperature gas generating device 11 is simultaneously connected to the one-way valve II13 and the one-way valve III14, the one-way valve II13 is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve III18, the one-way valve III14 is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve IV19, and the electric pressure regulating valve III18 and the electric pressure regulating valve IV19 are simultaneously connected to the atomizing nozzle 25;

[0089] The other output end of the electromagnetic control reversing valve 3 is connected to the one-way valve I12 and the one-way valve IV15 at the same time. The one-way valve I12 is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve III18, and the one-way valve IV15 is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve IV19.

[0090] The oil storage tank 22, the manual flow regulating knob 23 and the micro pump 24 are connected in sequence, and the micro pump 24 is connected to the atomizing nozzle 25;

[0091] The pressure sensor I6 is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve I4 and the low-temperature gas generating device 11; the pressure sensor II7 is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve II5 and the low-temperature gas generating device 11; the pressure sensor III20 is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve III18 and the atomizing nozzle 25; the pressure sensor IV21 is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve IV19 and the atomizing nozzle 25;

[0092] The digital pressure gauge I8 is connected to the pressure sensor I6; the digital pressure gauge II9 is ​​connected to the pressure sensor II7; the digital pressure gauge IV17 is connected to the pressure sensor III20; the digital pressure gauge III16 is connected to the pressure sensor IV21; the digital pressure gauge I8, the digital pressure gauge II9, the digital pressure gauge IV17 and the digital pressure gauge III16 are connected to the intelligent regulator 10 at the same time.

[0093] The working principle of the micro-lubrication system of the present invention is as follows:

[0094] In the low-temperature working mode, the system connects the high-pressure gas generator and the low-temperature gas generator 11: the normal-temperature high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas generator enters the electric pressure regulating valve I4 and the electric pressure regulating valve II5, and enters the low-temperature gas generator 11 after pressure regulation by the electric pressure regulating valve I4 and the electric pressure regulating valve II5 (one enters from the normal-temperature gas inlet a, and the other enters from the normal-temperature gas inlet b), the 16-way airway inlet in the supersonic nozzle is connected to the air inlet chamber, and the high-pressure gas sprayed from the air inlet chamber inlet enters the inlet of the 16-way airway, and the high-pressure gas passes through the converging circular After passing through the spiral air channel, the gas is accelerated to supersonic speed and the speed direction is changed. The outlet of the 16-way air channel is connected to the energy exchange chamber 30. The supersonic gas entering the energy exchange chamber 30 forms two streams of cold air and hot air through energy exchange. The cold air enters the cold end valve along the central axis, and the hot air enters the hot end valve along the inner wall of the energy exchange chamber 30. After the cold air is decelerated by the cold end valve, it enters the one-way valve II13 and the one-way valve III14 through the cold air outlet of the low-temperature gas generating device 11, and finally enters the atomizing nozzle after pressure regulation by the electric pressure regulating valve III18 and the electric pressure regulating valve IV19.

[0095] In the normal temperature working mode, the system is connected to the high-pressure gas generating device: the normal temperature high-pressure gas generated by the high-pressure gas generating device enters the one-way valve I12 and the one-way valve IV15, and then enters the atomizing nozzle after pressure regulation by the electric pressure regulating valve III18 and the electric pressure regulating valve IV19.

Claims

1. A supersonic nozzle, It is characterized in that Including the body; The main body is composed of a coaxial cylindrical tube, a horn tube and a circular ring arranged in sequence. The inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the outer diameter of the cylindrical tube. The horn tube transitionally connects the cylindrical tube and the circular ring. The outer edge of the ring is provided with n notches to form n regularly arranged ratchets, and an air inlet is provided at the end of each ratchets, n=16; The end of the cylinder away from the horn is provided with n air outlets evenly distributed around the circumference of the central axis of the cylinder; The body is provided with n spiral air channels inside, and the n spiral air channels are regularly arranged around the central axis of the body; The n air inlets, the n spiral air passages, and the n air outlets are connected in a one-to-one correspondence; the cross section of the spiral air passage is circular, and the size decreases from the air inlet side to the air outlet side.

2. A supersonic nozzle according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The angle between the outlet direction of the outlet and the cross section of the cylindrical tube is 0° to 12°.

3. A supersonic nozzle according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The inner diameter of the ring is 34mm, the outer diameter is 65mm, and the thickness is 15mm; the diameter of the circle where the root of the ratchet is located is 37mm; the diameter of the air inlet is 6-8mm; the length of the horn is 5mm; the inner diameter of the cylinder is 21mm, the outer diameter is 29mm, and the length is 10mm; the air outlet is elliptical, the long diameter of the air outlet is 1.5-2mm, and the short diameter of the air outlet is 0.5-0.8mm.

4. A low temperature gas generating device, It is characterized in that It comprises a supersonic nozzle (28) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, an energy exchange chamber (30), a nozzle housing (29), a cold end valve and a hot end valve; The energy exchange chamber (30) is a cylindrical tube, and the inner diameter gradually decreases from left to right; The cylindrical tube of the supersonic nozzle (28) is inserted into the right end of the energy exchange chamber (30) and is interference fit therewith, the cold end valve is connected to the circular ring of the supersonic nozzle (28), and a cold air outlet is provided in the cold end valve; The hot end valve is connected to the left end of the energy exchange chamber (30), and a normal temperature gas inlet a and a hot gas outlet b are provided in the hot end valve; A normal temperature gas inlet b is provided on the nozzle housing (29). The nozzle housing (29) is simultaneously mounted on the energy exchange chamber (30) and the cold end valve. The three of them form a normal temperature gas cavity. The normal temperature gas inlet b is connected to the normal temperature gas cavity. The supersonic nozzle (28) is located in the normal temperature gas cavity.

5. A low temperature gas generating device according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The cold end valve is composed of a cold flow diffusion chamber (26) and a reducer I (27); The cold flow diffusion chamber (26) is composed of a coaxial left cylindrical tube and a right cylindrical tube, the outer diameter of the left cylindrical tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the right cylindrical tube, and the inner diameter of the cold flow diffusion chamber (26) gradually increases from left to right; the right end of the cold flow diffusion chamber (26) is a cold air outlet; The reducer I (27) is composed of a central fixed shaft and four speed reducers; the four speed reducers are evenly distributed around the central fixed shaft, the four speed reducers are connected to the central fixed shaft at the same time, and the right ends of the four speed reducers are bent; The left cylindrical tube of the cold flow diffusion chamber (26) is inserted into the circular ring of the supersonic nozzle (28) and is interference fit therewith; the reducer I (27) is fixed inside the cold flow diffusion chamber (26), close to the left end of the cold flow diffusion chamber (26), and the central fixed axis of the reducer I (27) is coaxial with the cold flow diffusion chamber (26); the nozzle housing (29) is simultaneously sleeved on the energy exchange chamber (30) and the cold flow diffusion chamber (26).

6. A low temperature gas generating device according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The hot end valve is composed of a heat flow diffusion chamber (31), a reducer II and a heat flow collector (32); The heat diffusion chamber (31) is composed of a coaxial left cylindrical tube and a right cylindrical tube, the outer diameter of the left cylindrical tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the right cylindrical tube, and a hot air outlet a is provided on the side wall of the right cylindrical tube; the left end of the heat diffusion chamber (31) is a normal temperature air inlet a; The reducer II is composed of a central reduction boss and four diverter plates; a horizontal gas passage is opened in the middle of the central reduction boss; the four diverter plates are evenly distributed around the gas passage, and the four diverter plates are connected to the central reduction boss at the same time; The right cylindrical tube of the heat diffusion chamber (31) is sleeved on the left end of the energy exchange chamber (30); the reducer II is fixed inside the right cylindrical tube of the heat diffusion chamber (31); the hot gas cavity a is surrounded by the central reduction boss and the right cylindrical tube of the heat diffusion chamber (31); the hot gas cavity a is connected to the hot gas outlet a; and the gas channel is simultaneously connected to the normal temperature gas inlet a and the hollow part of the energy exchange chamber (30); The heat flux collector (32) is provided with a hot gas outlet b. The heat flux collector (32) is sleeved on the right cylindrical tube of the heat flux diffusion chamber (31). The two surround a hot gas cavity b. The hot gas outlet b is connected to the hot gas cavity b. The hot gas outlet a is located in the hot gas cavity b.

7. A micro-lubrication system, It is characterized in that A low-temperature gas generating device (11) as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising a high-pressure gas generating device, an electromagnetically controlled reversing valve (3), an intelligent regulator (10), an electric pressure regulating valve I (4), an electric pressure regulating valve II (5), a one-way valve II (13), a one-way valve III (14), an electric pressure regulating valve III (18), an electric pressure regulating valve IV (19), an atomizing nozzle (25), a one-way valve I (12), a one-way valve IV (15), an oil storage tank (22), a manual flow regulating knob (23) and a micro pump (24); The high-pressure gas generating device is connected to the electromagnetically controlled reversing valve (3), and the electromagnetically controlled reversing valve (3) is directly controlled by the intelligent regulator (10); One output end of the electromagnetic control reversing valve (3) is simultaneously connected to the electric pressure regulating valve I (4) and the electric pressure regulating valve II (5); the electric pressure regulating valve I (4) is connected to the normal temperature gas inlet a of the low temperature gas generating device (11); the electric pressure regulating valve II (5) is connected to the normal temperature gas inlet b of the low temperature gas generating device (11); the cold gas outlet of the low temperature gas generating device (11) is simultaneously connected to the check valve II (13) and the check valve III (14); the check valve II (13) is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve III (18); the check valve III (14) is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve IV (19); the electric pressure regulating valve III (18) and the electric pressure regulating valve IV (19) are simultaneously connected to the atomizing nozzle (25); The other output end of the electromagnetic control reversing valve (3) is connected to the one-way valve I (12) and the one-way valve IV (15) at the same time. The one-way valve I (12) is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve III (18), and the one-way valve IV (15) is connected to the electric pressure regulating valve IV (19). The oil storage tank (22), the manual flow regulating knob (23) and the micro pump (24) are connected in sequence, and the micro pump (24) is connected to the atomizing nozzle (25).

8. A minimal lubrication system according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The invention also comprises a pressure sensor I (6), a pressure sensor II (7), a pressure sensor III (20) and a pressure sensor IV (21); the pressure sensor I (6) is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve I (4) and the low-temperature gas generating device (11); the pressure sensor II (7) is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve II (5) and the low-temperature gas generating device (11); the pressure sensor III (20) is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve III (18) and the atomizing nozzle (25); and the pressure sensor IV (21) is installed between the electric pressure regulating valve IV (19) and the atomizing nozzle (25).

9. A minimal lubrication system according to claim 8, It is characterized in that It also includes a digital pressure gauge I (8), a digital pressure gauge II (9), a digital pressure gauge IV (17) and a digital pressure gauge III (16); the digital pressure gauge I (8) is connected to the pressure sensor I (6); the digital pressure gauge II (9) is connected to the pressure sensor II (7); the digital pressure gauge IV (17) is connected to the pressure sensor III (20); the digital pressure gauge III (16) is connected to the pressure sensor IV (21); the digital pressure gauge I (8), the digital pressure gauge II (9), the digital pressure gauge IV (17) and the digital pressure gauge III (16) are simultaneously connected to the intelligent regulator (10).

10. A minimal lubrication system according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The high-pressure gas generating device is composed of an air compressor (1) and an air filter (2).

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