Gravity type wharf fixed crane foundation structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention introduces a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure and its construction method. The foundation structure includes a small caisson assembly, a riprap foundation, precast blocks, a breast wall, and a top concrete layer. The small caisson assembly is installed on the riprap foundation. Precast blocks are placed on the riprap foundation on both sides of the small caisson assembly, and a breast wall is installed on each precast block. A top concrete layer is poured on top of the small caisson assembly. The small caisson assembly includes multiple small caissons connected by the poured top concrete layer. A bottom concrete layer is provided inside each small caisson, and embedded reinforcing bars are installed within the bottom concrete layer, which is connected to the top concrete layer via the embedded reinforcing bars. Through this design, this application eliminates the problem of grout leakage caused by deformation or displacement of the formwork during concrete pouring in traditional gravity-type block wharf fixed crane foundation construction, leading to poor sealing at the joint between the formwork and the riprap foundation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fixed gantry foundations for wharves, specifically relating to a gravity-type fixed gantry foundation structure for wharves and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional gravity-type block wharf fixed crane foundations use underwater cast-in-place concrete foundations. The side formwork for underwater concrete pouring uses steel formwork, and the formwork is fixed by tie rods and other methods. The formwork height is usually more than 5m.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN109183827A discloses a method for constructing underwater reinforced concrete foundations. Precast columns are fabricated on-site according to design requirements, with a central hole and a water injection hole in the cross-section. Intermediate columns are installed between the bottom and top layers, with identical joints, positioning steel plates, and connecting reinforcing bars at both ends. During pile driving, the drill bit in the central hole rotates, while water is injected into the remaining holes to drain grout, causing the piles to sink automatically until they reach the rock strata. A reinforced concrete sleeve is then fitted, and underwater concrete is poured to fix the pile group. A reinforced concrete platform is poured at the top of the pile group to facilitate joint operation. When splicing piles, positioning steel plates are used to connect the two piles at their joints, and the reinforcing bars of the upper and lower piles are welded together. Small zinc plate anodes are then attached, formwork is erected, and high-strength self-compacting micro-expansion mortar is poured. Its construction method does not require steel plate or steel cylinder waterstops, cofferdam waterstops, or capsule waterstops, nor does it involve drainage works; however, it is prone to formwork deformation or displacement during concrete pouring, which leads to loose joints between the formwork and the riprap foundation, ultimately resulting in underwater concrete leakage; moreover, its formwork fixing process is complex, requiring the cooperation of divers and a large amount of auxiliary materials, and underwater repair is difficult when formwork deformation or displacement occurs.

[0004] Chinese patent CN112942323A discloses a cast-in-place concrete foundation and system. The protruding end extends upward from the upper surface of the underwater foundation and penetrates the water surface to the surface above the water. The concrete pavement floats on the water surface and has a cast-in-place pile connector connected to the cast-in-place pile. Alternatively, the concrete pavement is supported on a composite support beam, and the cast-in-place pile is a grouting pile cast in place in the underwater foundation. The composite support beam is integrally cast at the protruding end of the underwater foundation. However, it still uses the traditional underwater cast-in-place concrete foundation method. The joint between the formwork and the riprap foundation bed is not tight, which ultimately leads to the unavoidable leakage of grout in the underwater concrete.

[0005] Therefore, in the construction process of traditional gravity block wharf fixed crane foundation, the formwork deforms or shifts during concrete pouring, leading to poor sealing at the joint between the formwork and the riprap foundation, and ultimately causing grout leakage in the underwater concrete. There is an urgent need to design a new wharf fixed crane foundation structure and its construction method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problem of underwater concrete leakage at the joint between the formwork and the riprap foundation caused by deformation or displacement of the formwork during concrete pouring in the construction of traditional gravity-type block wharf fixed crane foundations, this invention designs a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure and its construction method to solve the problem of underwater concrete leakage caused by formwork deformation or displacement during concrete pouring.

[0007] A gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure includes a small caisson assembly, a riprap foundation bed, precast blocks, a breast wall, and a top concrete layer;

[0008] The small caisson assembly is installed on the riprap foundation;

[0009] Precast blocks are set on the riprap foundations on both sides of the small caisson group;

[0010] A breast wall is provided on the prefabricated block;

[0011] The top of the small caisson assembly is filled with a top concrete layer.

[0012] Preferably, the caisson group comprises multiple small caissons, which are connected by a cast-in-place top concrete layer.

[0013] Preferably, the small caisson has a bottom concrete layer inside;

[0014] The bottom concrete layer is equipped with embedded steel bars;

[0015] The bottom concrete layer is connected to the top concrete layer by pre-embedded steel bars.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the small caissons is even.

[0017] Preferably, the number of small caissons is four, arranged in a grid pattern to form a small caisson group.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom thickness of the small caisson is 400mm and the wall thickness is 300mm.

[0019] Preferably, the precast blocks are in three layers, and the top layer of precast blocks is connected to the breast wall by steel bars.

[0020] A construction method for a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure includes the following steps:

[0021] Step S1: After leveling the riprap foundation of the wharf, place the small caisson assembly;

[0022] Step S2: Install precast blocks on the riprap foundations on both sides of the small caisson assembly;

[0023] Step S3: After the precast blocks are installed, place the pre-embedded steel bars in the small caisson and pour the bottom concrete layer.

[0024] Step S4: The small caissons are formed into a small caisson assembly by casting the top concrete layer on the pre-embedded steel bars.

[0025] Step S5: After the top concrete layer is poured, pour the breast walls on both sides.

[0026] Preferably, the bottom concrete layer and the top concrete layer in steps S3 and S4 can be constructed in layers or poured in one go.

[0027] The beneficial effects obtained by this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. The present invention designs a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure, which replaces the traditional cast-in-place concrete fixed crane foundation with a prefabricated small caisson assembly. After the small caisson assembly is prefabricated, it is hoisted, and then the top concrete layer is poured. The top concrete layer is connected to the bottom concrete layer inside the small caisson by pre-embedded steel bars, thus fixing the small caisson assembly to form a small caisson assembly crane foundation. Through the above design, this application eliminates the problem of grout leakage caused by deformation or displacement of the formwork during the pouring of concrete in the construction process of the traditional gravity block wharf fixed crane foundation.

[0029] 2. This application discloses a construction method for a gravity-type fixed caisson foundation structure for a wharf. First, small caisson assemblies are placed on the riprap foundation of the wharf. Precast blocks are then installed on the riprap foundation on both sides of the small caisson assemblies. After the precast blocks are installed, embedded reinforcing bars are placed inside the small caissons, and a bottom concrete layer is poured. A top concrete layer is then poured on top of the embedded reinforcing bars to form a small caisson assembly. Finally, the breast walls on both sides are poured. Through this construction method, this application achieves the replacement of the traditional cast-in-place concrete fixed caisson foundation with small caisson assemblies. This solves the problem of grout leakage caused by loose joints between the formwork and the riprap foundation, eliminates the safety risks associated with underwater operations by divers, accelerates the construction progress, greatly improves construction efficiency, and reduces safety risks.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0033] Figure 1 This application provides a front view of a gravity-type dock fixed crane foundation structure;

[0034] Figure 2 A side view of a gravity-type dock fixed crane foundation structure provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 3 This application provides a top view of a gravity-type dock fixed crane foundation structure;

[0036] Attached reference numerals: 1. Small caisson assembly; 2. Breast wall; 3. Rockfill foundation; 4. Precast block; 5. Bottom concrete layer; 6. Embedded steel reinforcement; 7. Top concrete layer; 8. Small caisson. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided merely to help fully understand the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures are omitted in the embodiments.

[0038] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0039] Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples within this application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0040] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" in this article describes another type of relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0041] In this article, the term "at least one" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "at least one of A and B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone.

[0042] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1-3 This embodiment mainly introduces the foundation design of a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure, including a small caisson group 1, a riprap foundation bed 3, a precast block 4, a breast wall 2, and a top concrete layer 7.

[0045] The small caisson assembly 1 is installed on the riprap foundation bed 3;

[0046] Precast blocks 4 are set on the riprap foundation 3 on both sides of the small caisson group 1;

[0047] A breast wall 2 is provided on the prefabricated block 4;

[0048] The top concrete layer 7 is poured on top of the small caisson assembly 1.

[0049] Furthermore, the small caisson group 1 includes multiple small caissons 8, which are connected by a cast-in-place top concrete layer 7.

[0050] Furthermore, a bottom concrete layer 5 is provided inside the small caisson 8;

[0051] The bottom concrete layer 5 is provided with embedded steel bars 6;

[0052] The bottom concrete layer 5 is connected to the top concrete layer 7 by pre-embedded steel bars 6.

[0053] Furthermore, the number of the small caissons 8 is even.

[0054] Furthermore, the prefabricated block 4 at the top layer is connected to the breast wall 2 by steel bars.

[0055] This invention discloses a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure. By replacing the traditional cast-in-place concrete fixed crane foundation with a prefabricated caisson assembly, the caisson assemblies are hoisted after prefabrication. Then, the top concrete layer is poured, and the caisson assemblies are connected to the bottom concrete layer inside the caissons through pre-embedded steel bars, thus fixing the caisson assemblies together to form the caisson assembly crane foundation. Through the above design, this application eliminates the problem of grout leakage caused by deformation or displacement of the formwork during concrete pouring in the construction process of traditional gravity-type block wharf fixed crane foundations, which leads to poor sealing at the joint between the formwork and the riprap foundation.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment mainly introduces an optimized design of a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure, including a small caisson group 1, a riprap foundation bed 3, precast blocks 4, a breast wall 2, and a top concrete layer 7;

[0058] The small caisson assembly 1 is installed on the riprap foundation bed 3;

[0059] Precast blocks 4 are set on the riprap foundation 3 on both sides of the small caisson group 1;

[0060] A breast wall 2 is provided on the prefabricated block 4;

[0061] The top concrete layer 7 is poured on top of the small caisson assembly 1.

[0062] Furthermore, the small caisson group 1 includes multiple small caissons 8, which are connected by a cast-in-place top concrete layer 7.

[0063] Furthermore, a bottom concrete layer 5 is provided inside the small caisson 8;

[0064] The bottom concrete layer 5 is provided with embedded steel bars 6;

[0065] The bottom concrete layer 5 is connected to the top concrete layer 7 by pre-embedded steel bars 6.

[0066] Furthermore, the prefabricated block 4 at the top layer is connected to the breast wall 2 by steel bars.

[0067] Furthermore, there are four small caissons 8 arranged in a grid pattern to form a small caisson group 1.

[0068] Furthermore, the bottom thickness of the small caisson 8 is 400mm and the wall thickness is 300mm.

[0069] Furthermore, the prefabricated block 4 has three layers, and the top prefabricated block 4 is connected to the breast wall 2 by steel bars.

[0070] Furthermore, to reduce the lifting weight, each of the four small caissons weighs approximately 50 tons, roughly the same as the weight of the precast blocks, and is installed on the rubble bed 3 using a 350-ton crawler crane.

[0071] Based on Example 1, this example controls the number of small caissons to 4 and arranges them in a grid pattern. The small caisson group is formed by connecting the pre-embedded steel bars inside the small caissons with the top concrete layer, and the weight is controlled to be the same as the weight of the precast blocks, thereby achieving the stability of the small caisson group.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Based on Examples 1-2, this example mainly introduces a construction method for a gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure, including the following steps:

[0074] Step S1: After leveling the riprap foundation 3 of the wharf, place the small caisson group 1;

[0075] Step S2: Install precast blocks 4 on the riprap foundation 3 on both sides of the small caisson group 1;

[0076] Step S3: After the precast blocks 4 are installed, place the pre-embedded steel bars 6 in the small caisson 8 and pour the bottom concrete layer 5.

[0077] Step S4: The small caisson 8 is formed into a small caisson assembly 1 by casting the top concrete layer 7 on the pre-embedded steel bars 6.

[0078] Step S5: After the top concrete layer 7 is poured, pour the breast walls 2 on both sides.

[0079] Furthermore, the bottom concrete layer 5 and the top concrete layer 7 in steps S3 and S4 can be constructed in layers or poured all at once.

[0080] This application presents a construction method for a gravity-type fixed crane foundation structure for a wharf. First, small caisson assemblies are placed on the riprap foundation of the wharf. Precast blocks are then installed on the riprap foundation on both sides of the small caisson assemblies. After the precast blocks are installed, embedded reinforcing bars are placed inside the small caissons, and a bottom concrete layer is poured. A top concrete layer is then poured on top of the embedded reinforcing bars to form a small caisson assembly. Finally, the breast walls on both sides are poured. This construction method allows the use of small caisson assemblies to replace the traditional cast-in-place concrete fixed crane foundation. It solves the problem of grout leakage caused by loose joints between the formwork and the riprap foundation, eliminates the safety risks associated with underwater operations by divers, accelerates construction progress, significantly improves construction efficiency, and reduces safety risks.

[0081] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, integrations, and parameter alterations to these embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention, achieved through conventional substitutions or by achieving the same function without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of constructing a gravity type wharf fixed crane foundation structure, characterized by, The gravity-type wharf fixed crane foundation structure includes small caisson group (1), riprap foundation bed (3), precast blocks (4), breast wall (2), and top concrete layer (7); The small caisson assembly (1) is installed on the riprap bed (3); Precast blocks (4) are set on the riprap foundation (3) on both sides of the small caisson group (1); A breast wall (2) is provided on the prefabricated block (4); The top concrete layer (7) is poured on the top of the small caisson assembly (1); The small caisson (8) is provided with a bottom concrete layer (5); The bottom concrete layer (5) is provided with embedded steel bars (6); The bottom concrete layer (5) is connected to the top concrete layer (7) by pre-embedded steel bars (6); The number of the small caissons (8) is even; The prefabricated block (4) has 3 layers, and the top prefabricated block (4) is connected to the breast wall (2) by steel bars; The small caisson group (1) includes multiple small caissons (8), which are connected by a cast-in-place top concrete layer (7). The number of the small caissons (8) is 4, which are arranged in a grid pattern to form a small caisson group (1). Each of the four small caissons weighs 50 tons, which is roughly the same as the weight of the precast blocks. They are installed on the rubble bed (3) on land using a 350-ton crawler crane. The construction method includes the following steps: Step S1: After leveling the riprap foundation (3) of the wharf, place the small caisson group (1). Step S2: Install precast blocks (4) on the riprap foundation (3) on both sides of the small caisson group (1); Step S3: After the precast blocks (4) are installed, place the pre-embedded steel bars (6) in the small caisson (8) and pour the bottom concrete layer (5). Step S4: By casting the top concrete layer (7) on the pre-embedded steel bars (6), the small caissons (8) are formed into a small caisson group (1). Step S5: After the top concrete layer (7) is poured, pour the breast walls (2) on both sides.

2. The construction method of a gravity type wharf fixed crane foundation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom thickness of the small caisson (8) is 400mm and the wall thickness is 300mm.

3. The construction method of a gravity type wharf fixed crane foundation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom concrete layer (5) and the top concrete layer (7) in steps S3 and S4 are constructed in layers or poured all at once.

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