A combined flexible garlic peeling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined flexible garlic peeling device, comprising a frame, on which a rubbing mechanism, a vibrating mechanism and a combing and brushing mechanism are arranged; the rubbing mechanism comprises a rubbing cylinder and a floating rubbing unit, the rubbing cylinder being a cylindrical structure, comprising a feeding port located above and a discharging port located below, the floating rubbing unit being installed in the rubbing cylinder, the garlic cloves entering through the feeding port of the rubbing cylinder, being rubbed and squeezed to break the skin by the floating rubbing unit, and then entering the vibrating mechanism through the discharging port of the rubbing cylinder; the vibrating mechanism comprises a vibrating screen and an eccentric vibrating unit, the eccentric vibrating unit being arranged at one end of the vibrating screen, and realizing a planar vibration effect of the vibrating screen through the driving action of a transmission shaft; the combing and brushing mechanism is arranged above the vibrating screen, and the device can realize low-loss and high-efficiency peeling of garlic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of garlic processing equipment, in particular to a combined flexible garlic peeling device. Background Art

[0002] Garlic is a common crop consumed daily, valued for its culinary and medicinal properties. However, garlic cloves have a thin, inedible outer skin, which must be removed before consumption. Peeling garlic is a tedious, costly, and time-consuming task, and manual peeling is inefficient. Therefore, replacing manual peeling with a machine has become a major research focus. Traditional garlic peeling machines suffer from high rates of garlic clove breakage, low peeling rates, the need for repeated peeling, and low processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a combined flexible garlic peeling device, which can achieve low-loss and high-efficiency garlic peeling.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a combined flexible garlic peeling device, comprising a frame, on which a rubbing mechanism, a vibrating mechanism and a combing mechanism are provided;

[0005] The rubbing mechanism includes a rubbing cylinder and a floating rubbing unit. The rubbing cylinder is a cylindrical structure, including a feeding port located at the top and a discharge port located at the bottom. The floating rubbing unit is installed in the rubbing cylinder. Garlic cloves enter through the feeding port of the rubbing cylinder, are rubbed and squeezed to break the skin by the floating rubbing unit, and then enter the vibrating mechanism through the discharge port of the rubbing cylinder.

[0006] The vibration mechanism includes a vibrating screen and an eccentric vibrating unit. The eccentric vibrating unit is arranged at one end of the vibrating screen and realizes the plane vibration of the vibrating screen through the driving action of the transmission shaft.

[0007] The combing and brushing mechanism is arranged above the vibrating screen, and the combing and brushing mechanism includes at least one brush roller, and a garlic channel gap is reserved between the brush roller and the vibrating screen.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the eccentric vibration unit includes a transmission shaft, an eccentric bearing and a bearing seat. The bearing seat is connected to the vibrating screen through a rocker arm, the bearing seat is installed on the transmission shaft through an eccentric bearing, and the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the eccentric bearing through a key.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the vibration mechanism also includes a rocker assembly, which includes a plurality of rocker seats and rockers. The rocker assembly is arranged around the vibrating screen, and the rocker seat is fixed on the frame. One end of the rocker is rotatably connected to the vibrating screen, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rocker seat.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the rocker seat includes an adjusting screw and an adjusting nut. The adjusting screw is connected to the frame and fixed by the adjusting nut. The rocker assembly is matched with the adjustable screw and the adjusting nut to adjust the inclination angle of the vibrating screen by adjusting the length of the rocker. The inclination angle of the vibrating screen refers to the inclination angle along the discharging direction of the garlic cloves.

[0011] As a preferred solution, a layer of polyurethane rough surface pad is laid in the vibrating screen, and a plurality of garlic-like arc-shaped friction blocks are arranged on the polyurethane rough surface pad.

[0012] As a preferred solution, three or more brush rollers are sequentially arranged along the discharging direction, and the brush rollers are arranged in parallel. Along the feeding to discharging direction, the garlic channel gap between the brush rollers and the vibrating screen gradually decreases.

[0013] As a preferred solution, a pneumatic mechanism is further included, which includes a plurality of air nozzles. The air nozzles are installed above the vibrating screen and are used to blow air into the vibrating screen through the air nozzles, so that the garlic skins are blown off the garlic cloves under the action of wind pressure to achieve the peeling effect.

[0014] As a preferred solution, it also includes a collecting mechanism, which includes a discharge hopper and a waste collection hopper. The discharge hopper is arranged on the frame at the discharge end of the vibrating screen, and the garlic cloves on the vibrating screen are discharged by the discharge hopper. The waste collection hopper is arranged below the vibrating screen and has a certain slope from the feed side to the discharge side.

[0015] As a preferred solution, one end of the discharge hopper is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the other end is hinged to one end of the support rod assembly, and the other end of the support rod assembly is hinged to the frame. The support rod assembly includes a first support rod and a second support rod, and the first support rod and the second support rod are threadedly connected. The support rod assembly adjusts the length through the thread between the two support rods to achieve angle adjustment of the waste collection hopper.

[0016] As a preferred solution, in order to ensure that the rubbing force is greater than the separation force between the garlic skins, a dynamic model of the rubbing process must be established; during the rubbing process, the irregularly shaped garlic cloves can be regarded as elliptical objects, which satisfy the relationship:

[0017]

[0018] Where: F n is the normal friction force, unit is N; F t is the tangential friction force, unit is N; Ff The friction force that hinders the movement of garlic cloves is measured in N; F z is the supporting force of the garlic clove, in N; G is the weight of the garlic clove itself, in N; P is the pressure of the spring on it, in N; F is the separation force between the garlic skins, in N;

[0019] According to F n 、F t and F c The relationship can be obtained:

[0020]

[0021] Where: θ is the angle between the friction force and the normal friction force, unit is °;

[0022] Substituting formula (2) into formula (1) yields:

[0023]

[0024] Where: μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the garlic clove and the sector friction surface, μ is taken as 0.214;

[0025] To meet the rubbing force F c It must be greater than the separation force F, and the separation force F between garlic skins needs to be measured;

[0026] F n =mω1 2 Substituting r1 into formula (2) yields:

[0027]

[0028] in:

[0029]

[0030] Where: m1 is the mass of a single garlic clove, in g; ω1 is the angular velocity of the rubbing roller, in r / min; n1 is the rotation speed of the rubbing roller, in r / min; r1 is the circular motion radius of the rubbing roller, in mm;

[0031] From formula (4), we can see that the magnitude of the rubbing force is related to the speed n1 of the floating rubbing roller. If the speed is too small, the rubbing force will be insufficient, and if the speed is too large, it will easily cause damage to the garlic cloves. From formulas (3) and (4), the speed of the floating rubbing roller can be obtained as:

[0032]

[0033] Beneficial effects

[0034] First, this solution improves the structure by sequentially arranging the rubbing mechanism, the vibrating mechanism, and the combing and brushing mechanism on the frame according to the garlic peeling process. The garlic cloves first fall into the floating rubbing unit in the rubbing cylinder through the feeding port, and then the floating friction roller group is driven to rub the garlic cloves on the sector-shaped friction surface. The gap between the friction roller and the sector-shaped friction surface decreases from top to bottom to ensure that garlic cloves of different sizes are rubbed and the garlic skins are cracked. The rubbed garlic cloves enter the vibrating screen through the discharge plate and are subjected to the eccentric vibration of the vibrating screen and the combing action of the brush roller to move toward the discharge port. The garlic cloves rub and collide with the garlic-like arc-shaped friction blocks in the vibrating screen, and are subjected to the vibration of the screen surface and the combing action of the brush roller, so that the garlic skins gradually fall off in the vibrating screen.

[0035] Secondly, in the preferred embodiment, the vibration mechanism is connected to the frame through a rocker assembly, wherein the rocker seat is equipped with an adjustable screw and an adjustable nut to adjust the inclination angle of the vibrating screen, thereby adjusting the discharge speed of the garlic cloves and the friction time of the garlic cloves in the vibrating screen, thereby achieving the desired peeling effect.

[0036] Third, in the preferred embodiment, three or more brush rollers are sequentially arranged along the garlic clove discharging direction. The three brush rollers of the combing and brushing mechanism have different heights from the garlic cloves in the screen. Along the garlic clove feeding to the discharging direction, the gap between the brush roller and the vibrating screen for the garlic cloves to pass through is gradually reduced. The first brush roller has a larger gap from the bottom of the vibrating screen, which is mainly used for conveying and combing a large number of garlic cloves; the second brush roller is slightly lower than the first one, and its function is to comb and brush the garlic skin; the third round brush roller has the smallest distance, which is mainly used to discharge the peeled garlic cloves and garlic skin backwards.

[0037] Fourthly, in the preferred embodiment, a pneumatic mechanism is provided above the combing and brushing mechanism. The function of the pneumatic mechanism is to blow air into the vibrating screen through an air nozzle so as to blow off the garlic skin under the action of wind pressure to achieve the peeling effect.

[0038] Fifth, in the preferred embodiment, the cloves and larger garlic skins are discharged from the tail along the discharge hopper, and the discharge angle of the discharge hopper can be adjusted under the action of the support rod assembly, and the debris and dust falling from the vibrating screen can slide and be collected through the waste collection hopper. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0040] Figure 1is a perspective view of the peeling device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a front view of the peeling device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the floating rubbing mechanism in the peeling device of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 1. It is a structural diagram of the combing and brushing mechanism in the peeling device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the vibration mechanism in the peeling device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the frame in the peeling device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the floating rubbing unit in the peeling device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the collecting mechanism in the peeling device of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a diagram of the relative positions of the waste collection hopper, vibrating screen and pneumatic mechanism;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the connection between the motor and the floating rubbing unit in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 The normal distribution diagram of the three-dimensional dimensions of garlic cloves in the embodiment: length;

[0051] Figure 12 The normal distribution diagram of the three-dimensional dimensions of garlic cloves in the embodiment: width;

[0052] Figure 13 The normal distribution diagram of the three-dimensional dimensions of garlic cloves in the embodiment: thickness;

[0053] Figure 14 This is the force analysis diagram of garlic cloves between floating rubbing units;

[0054] Figure 15 is the normal distribution diagram of garlic peel separation force;

[0055] Figure 16 Binarized extraction of garlic clove outline;

[0056] Figure 17 It is the contour curve of the curved surface of garlic clove;

[0057] Figure 18 This is a measurement diagram of the surface area of ​​the garlic cloves exposed to air blowing;

[0058] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the force acting on the material on the vibrating screen;

[0059] Markings in the figure: 1. Frame, 2. Rubbing mechanism, 21. Feeding port, 22. Rubbing cylinder, 23. Floating rubbing roller, 231. Hollow rubber roller, 232. Steel bar, 233. Hollow shaft sleeve, 24. Fan-shaped rubbing surface, 25. Transmission shaft I, 26. Unloading plate, 27. Spring, 3. Vibrating mechanism, 31. Vibrating screen, 32. Garlic-like arc-shaped friction block, 331. Eccentric bearing, 332. Bearing seat, 333. Transmission shaft II, 34. First adjustable rocker, 35. Second adjustable rocker, 4. Combing mechanism, 41. Pad, 42. Brush roller, 43. Bushing, 44. Vertical bearing seat, 45. Drive shaft III, 46. Drive shaft IV, 47. Drive shaft V, 5. Pneumatic mechanism, 51. Micro clamp, 52. Air compressor, 55. Fixed plate, 6. Collecting mechanism, 61. Discharge hopper, 62. Waste collection trough, 63. Support rod assembly, 631. First support rod, 632. Second support rod, 633. Hinge joint, 64. Mounting rod, 7. Transmission mechanism, 71. Motor I, 72. Motor II, 73. Universal joint coupling, 74. Double-groove pulley I, 75. Double-groove pulley II, 76. Double-groove pulley III, 77. Single-groove pulley I, 78. Single-groove pulley II, 79. V-belt, 8. Garlic clove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The present invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may also be beneficially combined in other embodiments without further description.

[0061] As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a combined flexible garlic peeling device, including a frame 1, on which are arranged a rubbing mechanism 2, a vibrating mechanism 3, a combing and brushing mechanism 4, an air blowing mechanism 5, a collecting mechanism 6 and a transmission mechanism 7; wherein the frame 1 serves as the main body of the peeling device, the rubbing mechanism 2 is installed above the head of the frame 1 to complete the process of inputting and peeling the garlic cloves; the vibrating mechanism 3 is installed in the middle of the frame 1 and is the main space for peeling the garlic; the combing and brushing mechanism 4 is installed above the vibrating mechanism 3 and cooperates with the vibrating mechanism 3 to peel the garlic; the air blowing mechanism 5 is installed at the rear of the frame 1 to complete the airflow input during the peeling process of the garlic cloves; the collecting mechanism 6 is installed below the vibrating mechanism 3 and at the rear of the frame 1 to complete the process of collecting garlic cloves and waste; the transmission mechanism 7 is installed on the outside of the frame 1 and is responsible for linking the entire peeling device. This device can realize a continuous peeling process, and the friction blocks of the device are all made of flexible materials, which can greatly reduce the damage of the garlic flesh to the mechanical part. Compared with the traditional garlic peeling device, this device adopts a combination of floating rubbing, vibrating combing and air-blowing peeling structures to achieve flexible peeling of the garlic skin, reduce the damage to the garlic flesh and improve the peeling rate of the garlic skin, thus solving the problems existing in the traditional garlic peeling device.

[0062] In this scheme, the rubbing mechanism 2 includes a rubbing cylinder 22 and a floating rubbing unit. The rubbing cylinder 22 is a cylindrical structure. The rubbing cylinder 22 has a feeding port 21 located above it and a discharge plate 26 located below it. The discharge plate 26 forms a discharge port. The floating rubbing unit is installed in the rubbing cylinder 21. The garlic cloves enter from the feeding port 21 of the rubbing cylinder 22, and are rubbed and squeezed to break the skin by the floating rubbing unit. Then, the garlic cloves enter the vibrating mechanism 3 through the discharge plate 26 of the rubbing cylinder 22. The floating rubbing unit is composed of a floating rubbing roller 23 and a fan-shaped friction surface 24, a total of 3 groups, and the 3 fan-shaped friction surfaces 24 are staggered in 3 layers on the rubbing cylinder. In the middle of the barrel 22, a sector-shaped friction surface 24 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the rubbing barrel 22. Floating rubbing rollers 23 are fixedly attached to a transmission shaft 1 25 via threaded connections. Preferably, the floating rubbing rollers 23 are symmetrically arranged on the transmission shaft 1 25, with each floating rubbing roller 23 positioned above its corresponding sector-shaped friction surface 24. The floating rubbing rollers 23 are then fixed to the transmission shaft 1 25 within the rubbing barrel 22 by a thrust bearing seat, driving the floating rubbing rollers 23 to rotate relative to the sector-shaped friction surface 24. A blanking plate 26 is mounted below the rubbing barrel 22 via straight-blade fasteners. Garlic cloves enter the rubbing barrel 22 through the feed port 21, where they are rubbed and squeezed to break the skin by the floating rubbing unit. They then enter the vibrating mechanism 3 via the blanking plate 26. The floating rubbing unit formed by the floating rubbing rollers 23 and the sector-shaped rubbing surfaces 24 is a key component of the rubbing mechanism 2.The floating rubbing roller 23 can be used in the following ways: the first embodiment is that the floating rubbing roller 23 is composed of a hollow rubber roller 231 and a steel bar 232 that are tightly matched. The steel bar with a diameter of 10 mm is fixed to the hollow shaft sleeve 233 by welding. The hollow rubber roller 231 is covered on the outside of the steel bar 232. The hollow shaft sleeve 233 is mounted on the mounting step of the transmission shaft I 25, and the axis of the floating rubbing roller 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the hollow shaft sleeve 233. The mounting step of the hollow shaft sleeve 233 and the transmission shaft I 25 are perpendicular to each other. A spring 27 is provided between the two ends of the hollow sleeve 233, which is sleeved on the transmission shaft I 25. One end of the spring 27 is installed in the mounting hole of the lower end surface of the hollow sleeve 233, and the other end abuts against the mounting step of the transmission shaft I 25. A stop ring (not shown in the figure) is provided on the upper end of the hollow sleeve 233 to limit the highest active position of the hollow sleeve 233. The floating rubbing roller 23 is adjusted up and down by cooperating with the hollow sleeve 233 and the spring 27 on the transmission shaft I 25 to adapt to garlic cloves of different sizes. In this embodiment, there are a total of Install 3 groups of floating rubbing rollers 23; the second embodiment without the attached figure is: the floating rubbing roller is composed of a hollow rubber roller and a steel bar tightly matched, the steel bar with a diameter of 10 mm is fixed to the hollow sleeve by welding, the hollow rubber roller is covered on the outside of the steel bar, the hollow sleeve is sleeved on the mounting step of the transmission shaft I, and the axis of the floating rubbing roller is perpendicular to the axis of the hollow sleeve, a lower spring is provided between the hollow sleeve and the mounting step of the transmission shaft I, one end of the lower spring is installed in the mounting hole of the lower end face of the hollow sleeve, and the other end is installed in the mounting hole of the lower end face of the hollow sleeve. The end abuts against the installation step of the transmission shaft I, and a stop ring is provided at the upper end of the hollow sleeve, which is fixed on the shaft of the transmission shaft I. An upper spring is provided between the hollow sleeve and the stop ring. The upper and lower springs cooperate to limit the upper and lower positions of the hollow sleeve. When the floating rubbing roller 23 is subjected to the upward extrusion force of the garlic cloves, the hollow sleeve compresses the upper spring. When the upward extrusion force of the garlic cloves on the floating rubbing roller is eliminated, the floating rubbing roller, under the dual action of its own weight and the upper spring, causes the hollow sleeve to move downward to adapt to the small size of the garlic cloves.

[0063] In this embodiment, the gap between the floating rubbing units is determined by the external dimensions of the garlic cloves. Using garlic from a location in Shandong Province, my country as the measurement object, 200 plump garlic cloves were randomly selected for three-dimensional dimensional measurement. The measurement results were statistically analyzed, and the three-dimensional dimensional frequency distribution, as shown in the figure, shows that the frequencies of the garlic length, width, and thickness dimensions all conform to a normal distribution. This was used as the basis for the peeling performance test. Garlic cloves tend to lie flat on a flat surface. Referring to the three-dimensional dimensional parameters of garlic, the gaps between the floating rubbing roller 23 and the fan-shaped rubbing surface 24 were set to 20 mm, 14 mm, and 8 mm, respectively, to ensure that the garlic cloves receive sufficient rubbing action between the rubbing units. In combination with the above design and material feed rate, the proposed rubbing cylinder 22 has a diameter of 250 mm and an axial length of 300 mm.

[0064] When a garlic clove 8 is ideally rubbed, a force analysis is performed on it within the rubbing unit, as shown in the figure. When the garlic clove contacts the floating rubbing unit, it is subjected to its own weight, the rubbing force of the floating rubbing roller 23, the pressure of the spring 27, the friction that hinders its movement, and the supporting force of the fan-shaped rubbing surface. During the rubbing process, if the rubbing force is greater than the separating force between the garlic skins, cracks will form on the garlic skins, achieving the desired rubbing effect.

[0065] In order to ensure that the rubbing force is greater than the separation force between the garlic skins, a dynamic model of the rubbing process must be established. During the rubbing process, the irregularly shaped garlic cloves can be regarded as elliptical objects, which satisfy the relationship:

[0066]

[0067] Where F n is the normal friction force, unit is N;

[0068] F t is the tangential friction force, unit is N;

[0069] F f The friction force that hinders the movement of the garlic clove is in N;

[0070] F z is the garlic clove supporting force, in N;

[0071] G is the weight of the garlic clove itself, in N;

[0072] P is the pressure of the spring on it, in N;

[0073] F is the separation force between garlic skins, unit is N;

[0074] According to F n 、F t and F c The relationship can be obtained:

[0075]

[0076] Where: θ is the angle between the friction force and the normal friction force, (°)

[0077] Substituting formula (2) into formula (1) yields:

[0078]

[0079] Where: μ is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the garlic clove and the sector friction surface, μ is taken as 0.214;

[0080] To meet the rubbing force F cThe force F must be greater than the separation force, F, to measure the separation force between garlic peels. As shown in the figure, a texture analyzer (TA.XTC-16, Shanghai Baosheng Industrial Development Co., Ltd.) was used to measure the separation force F between garlic peels. The test subjects were garlic from a certain place in Shandong. Garlic cloves have irregular shapes, making it difficult to directly clamp the garlic peels. Therefore, a T-shaped cardboard was glued to the non-curved surface of the garlic peels with strong glue. The cardboard was then clamped with a chuck to separate the garlic peels. The tensile speed was 0.1 mm / s. The test results show that the separation force between the garlic peels is normally distributed, with a maximum separation force F of 13.89 N.

[0081] F n =mω1 2 Substituting r1 into formula (2) yields:

[0082]

[0083] in:

[0084]

[0085] Where: m1 is the mass of a single garlic clove, in g;

[0086] ω1 is the angular velocity of the rubbing roller, in r / min;

[0087] n1 is the rotation speed of the rubbing roller, in r / min;

[0088] r1 is the circular motion radius of the rubbing roller, in mm;

[0089] From formula (4), we can see that the magnitude of the rubbing force is related to the speed n1 of the floating rubbing roller. If the speed is too low, the rubbing force will be insufficient, and if the speed is too high, it will easily damage the garlic cloves. From formula (3) and formula (4), we can get the speed of the floating rubbing roller as

[0090]

[0091] The maximum radius r1 of the rubbing roller's circular motion is 120 mm. The average mass m1 of a single garlic clove is 4 g, which has little effect on the rubbing force and can be ignored in the calculation. θ can be set to 45°. Substituting the above parameters into equation (5), the minimum speed of the rubbing roller is 115.88 r / min, and the maximum speed is 227.22 r / min. Preliminary experiments determined that the speed range of the floating rubbing roller 23 is 120 r / min ≤ n1 ≤ 200 r / min. Because the rubbing rollers are installed in pairs on the shaft, the speed range of the rubbing roller shaft is 60 r / min ≤ n1 ≤ 100 r / min.

[0092] In this embodiment, the fan-shaped rubbing surface 24 is composed of a wear-resistant rubber layer and a fan-shaped steel plate, which is coated with a wear-resistant rubber layer. The axis of each set of floating rubbing rollers 23 is parallel to the fan-shaped rubbing surface 24, forming a floating rubbing unit. This rubs the garlic cloves and skins during feeding, causing cracks to form. The hollow rubber rollers 231 and the fan-shaped surface are made of a flexible material, and both surfaces are formed with wavy raised structures, which increase the friction applied to the garlic cloves during rubbing, thus promoting the formation of cracks in the skins. The fan-shaped rubbing surface 24 can be installed in the following ways: the first way is that the fan-shaped rubbing surface 24 is fixed at the position of the inner wall of the rubbing cylinder 22 and is connected to the rubbing cylinder 22 by bolts or welding. The second way is an embodiment without the drawings: the height position of the fan-shaped friction surface 24 in the rubbing cylinder 22 can be adjusted up and down. Specifically, the following structure can be adopted: one side of the arc surface of the fan-shaped friction surface 24 is fixed to the inner wall of the rubbing cylinder 22 through an adjustment base, and the rubbing cylinder 22 is correspondingly provided with an adjustment hole, and the adjustment base is provided with an adjustment bolt. A block is provided on the adjustment base to block the adjustment hole during the up and down adjustment process, thereby preventing the garlic cloves from leaking out of the adjustment hole. After loosening the adjustment bolt mechanism, the fan-shaped friction surface 24 is adjusted to have a corresponding appropriate height gap with the floating rubbing roller 23, and then it is fixed again. Such a design can be actively adjusted according to the different varieties of garlic cloves to be peeled; and cooperated with the passive adaptive adjustment of the floating rubbing roller 23 to better meet the peeling needs of garlic cloves of different sizes.

[0093] In this embodiment, the vibration mechanism 3 includes a vibrating screen 31, a garlic-like arc-shaped friction block 32, an eccentric vibration unit 33, a first adjustable rocker 34, and a second adjustable rocker 35. The vibrating screen 31 is the main body of the vibrating mechanism 3. A layer of polyurethane rough pad is installed inside the vibrating screen 31 to reduce the rigid impact of the garlic cloves during the peeling process. The garlic-like arc-shaped friction block 32 is fixed to the rough pad in a chessboard pattern. The eccentric vibration unit 33 consists of a transmission shaft II 331, an eccentric bearing 332, a bearing seat 333, and a key. The bearing seat 333 is fixedly connected to the vibrating screen 31 via a rocker arm. The bearing seat 333 is mounted on the transmission shaft II 331 via the eccentric bearing 332. The transmission shaft II 331 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the eccentric bearing 332 via a key. The eccentric bearing 332 is mounted in the bearing seat 333. The rocker arm of the bearing seat 333 is fixed to the vibrating screen 31 via a bolt assembly. The drive shaft II 331 drives the eccentric bearing 332 via a flat key to achieve planar vibration. The planar vibration of the vibrating screen 31 is achieved through the driving action of the drive shaft II 331. The first and second adjustable rockers are mounted on either side of the vibrating screen 31. The tilt angle of the vibrating screen 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the rockers. The eccentric bearing 332 is mounted in the bearing seat 333 and fixed to the vibrating screen 31 via a bolt assembly. The drive shaft II 331 drives the eccentric bearing 332 via a flat key. The adjustable rockers are mounted on either side of the vibrating screen 31. The tilt angle of the vibrating screen 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the rockers. Adjusting the tilt angle can adjust the friction peeling effect of the garlic cloves in the vibrating screen 31.

[0094] To improve peeling efficiency, this solution installs garlic-like curved friction blocks on the vibrating screen surface. This increases the collision and friction area of ​​the garlic cloves within the screen, while also increasing the friction force on the cloves. Based on the curved surface shape of garlic cloves, 100 cloves were randomly selected and their contours were extracted using binarization. As shown in the figure, the curved surface shape of the garlic cloves can be visualized as a parabola. The curve with the most concentrated curved surface curves among the 100 cloves was selected as the basis for parabola design. By solving the parabola, the parabolic equation for the curved contour of the garlic cloves was obtained.

[0095] Depend on Figure 17 It can be seen that l ab is a tangent line passing through the target curve, and the tangent point is m(x0, y0). Then, from the parabola equation, we can get

[0096]

[0097] From k = tan49°, c = 8.5, we can get the equation of the parabola:

[0098] x 2 =25.76y (8)

[0099] Based on the parabolic equation, the garlic-like arc-shaped friction block is manufactured by 3D printing. The material is PLA and it is arranged in a chess-like pattern and staggered with the sieve holes on the sieve surface.

[0100] In this embodiment, the combing and brushing mechanism 4 is disposed above the vibrating screen 31 and includes at least one brush roller 42. A gap is reserved between the brush roller 42 and the vibrating screen 31 to allow for a smooth passage. Specifically, the combing and brushing mechanism 4 can be constructed as follows: the combing and brushing mechanism 4 includes a brush roller 41, a shaft sleeve 43, a vertical bearing seat 44, a spacer 42, a transmission shaft III 45, a transmission shaft IV 46, and a transmission shaft V 47. The brush rollers 41 are mounted on the transmission shafts 45, IV 46, and V 47, respectively, secured by shaft shoulders and shaft sleeves. Both ends of the transmission shafts III 45, IV 46, and V 47 are supported by vertical bearing seats 44. The spacer 42 maintains a distance between the brush rollers 41 and the fixed plate 55. A total of three sets of brush rollers 41 are installed. The combing and brushing mechanism 4 is mainly composed of three groups of brush rollers 42 and a transmission shaft. The two ends of the brush roller shaft are fixed by vertical bearing seats 44. According to the statistics of the three-dimensional dimensions of garlic cloves, the height or thickness of garlic cloves in the lying state is 0-26mm. In order to ensure the combing and brushing effect, the bristles of the brush roller 42 need to comb all garlic cloves when it rotates. The three brush rollers 41 of the combing and brushing mechanism 4 are at different heights from the bottom plate of the vibrating screen 31. The first brush roller 41 is mounted on the transmission shaft III 45, and the gap from the bottom of the vibrating screen 31 is a first height gap. The first height gap is larger and is mainly used for conveying and combing a large number of garlic cloves; the second brush roller 41 is mounted on the transmission shaft IV 46, and the gap from the transmission shaft IV 46 to the bottom of the vibrating screen 31 is a second height gap, which is smaller than the first height gap. The function of the second brush roller 41 is to comb and brush the garlic skins; the third brush roller 41 is mounted on the transmission shaft V 47, and the gap from the transmission shaft V 47 to the bottom plate of the vibrating screen is a third height gap, which is smaller than the second height gap. The third brush roller 41 is mainly used to discharge the peeled garlic cloves and garlic skins backwards.

[0101] In this embodiment, the air blowing mechanism 5 includes an air compressor 52, a gas diverter, an air pipe, an air nozzle, a fixed plate 55, and a miniature clamp 51. The gas diverter, air pipe, and air nozzle are not shown in the figure. The miniature clamp 51 is fixed to the fixed plate 55 by a bolt assembly, and the air nozzle is fixed to the fixed plate 55 by the miniature clamp 51. The miniature clamps 51 are arranged at a spacing of 100 mm, and a total of three air pipes and air nozzles are required. The air compressor 52 outputs air at a constant pressure. The air is evenly distributed into the air pipe by the gas diverter and blown into the vibrating screen 31 through the air nozzle, blowing the garlic peels apart while simultaneously blowing debris and dust into the waste collection trough 62 below the vibrating screen 31. The miniature clamp 51 and air nozzle of the air blowing mechanism 5 are mounted between the transmission shafts IV 46 and V 47. The purpose is to remove the garlic cloves that have not been brushed away or have not been brushed clean in the vibrating screen 31 after the second brush roller 41. The air compressor 51 outputs gas at a certain pressure, and the gas evenly distributed into the air pipe by the gas diverter is blown into the vibrating screen 31 through the air nozzle. The garlic cloves and skins in the vibrating screen 31 are cracked due to the rubbing action in the rubbing cylinder 22. Therefore, the gas can be blown into the cracks of the garlic skins, and the garlic skins are blown off under the action of the wind pressure, so as to achieve the peeling effect.

[0102] In this solution, to ensure that all garlic cloves within the sieve are reached by the gas, the sieve width and the principles of gas jet dynamics indicate that the air tubes, fixed to the fixed plate via micro-clamps, are spaced 100 mm apart, requiring a total of three tubes. The garlic peel separation force indicates that to ensure effective air peeling, the air force must be greater than the separation force between the garlic skins. For ease of calculation, the gas pressure within the jet area is assumed to be uniform, thus:

[0103] F q =PS (9)

[0104] Where: F q The force required to blow off the garlic skin, unit is N;

[0105] P is the output gas pressure of the air compressor, in Pa;

[0106] S is the gas area on the surface of the garlic clove, unit is mm 2 ;

[0107] As can be seen from the figure, the surface area of ​​the garlic cloves exposed to wind force was measured using MATLAB software, and the minimum surface area of ​​the garlic cloves exposed to wind force S was found to be 5.19×10 2 mm 2 When the maximum garlic peel separation force (the required air force) is 13.89N, the minimum outlet pressure (P) is 0.27MPa. The air nozzle is approximately 100mm from the material on the sieve surface. Preliminary tests show that when the moisture content of garlic cloves and skins is around 10%, an air compressor outlet pressure of 0.5MPa provides the best garlic peeling results.

[0108] In this solution, the vibration mechanism 3 can be regarded as a crank rocker mechanism, which is driven by the transmission shaft and the eccentric bearing. It can be regarded as a crank, and the eccentric bearing seat can be regarded as a connecting rod. The length of the rocker is greater than the swing spoke of the screen, so the motion of the screen body can be regarded as a simple harmonic motion. The crank speed will affect the motion of the material in the vibrating screen, so the force analysis of the material in the vibrating screen 31 is performed, as shown in the figure. Assuming OA is the positive direction of the screen body movement, and the relative motion of the material along the screen surface is the positive direction, then the following relationship exists on the screen surface:

[0109]

[0110] Where: x1 is the displacement of the sieve body, unit is mm;

[0111] v1 is the screen body speed, in mm / s;

[0112] a1 is the acceleration of the screen body, in mm / s 2 ;

[0113] r3 is the crank radius, which is 15mm;

[0114] ω3 is the crank rotation angular velocity, in r / min;

[0115] t is time, unit is s;

[0116] Since the brush roller is performing uniform circular motion during the peeling process, the following relationships exist during brushing:

[0117]

[0118] Where: x2 is the brush displacement, in mm;

[0119] v2 is the brushing speed, in mm / s;

[0120] ω2 is the angular velocity of the brush roller, in r / min;

[0121] Therefore, when the material is subjected to vibration and brushing during the peeling process, the dynamic equation of the contact point is:

[0122]

[0123] The material moves along with the screen surface of the vibrating screen 31. When ω3t is between 0 and π / 2 and 3π / 2 and 2π, the inertia force I is positive, and the material tends to slide upward along the screen surface; when ω3t is between π / 2 and 3π / 2, the inertia force I is negative, and the material tends to slide downward along the screen surface.

[0124] Assume that when the crank is in quadrants II and III, the acceleration is positive and the direction is left. The material is in the brushing gap between the brush roller 42 and the vibrating screen 31. At this time, the material is subjected to gravity G, screen surface normal reaction force N, inertia force I, friction force F and brushing force F. s Since the bristles on the brush roller 42 are nylon bundles, the deformation is small. For the convenience of calculation, the deformation of the bristles is ignored. Then:

[0125]

[0126] Where: ε is the vibration direction angle of the screen body, which is 5°;

[0127] α is the inclination angle between the screen surface and the horizontal plane, which is 2°;

[0128] β is the angle between the brushing force and the vertical direction of the screen surface, (°);

[0129] is the friction angle between the material and the screen surface, which is 31.6°;

[0130] When the material slides along the screen surface, its acceleration is a1, then:

[0131] ma1=Icos(ε+α)+Gsinα-F s sinβ-F (14)

[0132] I, F, F s Substituting the G value into (9) and simplifying it, we can get:

[0133]

[0134] Since the acceleration a1 is positive, the condition for the material to slide along the screen surface is:

[0135]

[0136] The condition for the material to not be thrown off the screen surface when sliding along the screen surface is N>0, that is:

[0137]

[0138] Similarly, when the crank is located in quadrants I and IV, the acceleration is a2, the direction is left, and the conditions for the material to slide down the screen surface of the vibrating screen 31 are:

[0139]

[0140] The condition for the material to not be thrown off the screen surface when sliding down the screen surface of the vibrating screen 31 is N>0, that is:

[0141]

[0142] When cos(ω3t)=1, the limiting angular velocity of the material sliding on the screen surface when only the force of the screen surface is applied is:

[0143]

[0144] Therefore, the minimum crank speed for the material to slide along the screen surface can be obtained as:

[0145]

[0146] Similarly, the limiting angular velocity of the material sliding down the screen surface is:

[0147]

[0148] Therefore, the minimum crank speed for the material to slide down the screen surface is:

[0149]

[0150] Based on the above analysis, the required relevant data are substituted into equations (21) and (23), and the minimum crank speed n2 for the material to slide along the screen surface of the vibrating screen 31 is obtained to be 196.02 r / min, and the minimum crank speed n3 for the material to slide along the screen surface is obtained to be 192.36 r / min. Due to the installation of garlic-like arc-shaped friction blocks on the screen surface, the friction force F on the material in the screen is increased. Preliminary test observations show that when the crank speed is less than 360 r / min, the material accumulates in front of the first set of brush rollers 42, and the material on the vibrating screen 31 cannot be properly transported to the discharge port. When the crank speed is greater than 480 r / min, the crank speed is too fast, causing the peeling device to vibrate more vigorously. Long-term operation will accelerate the damage of the device parts. Therefore, the crank speed is determined to be between 360 and 480 r / min, that is, the vibration frequency is 6 to 8 Hz.

[0151] In this embodiment, the collection mechanism 6 includes a waste collection trough 62, a discharge hopper 61, a support rod assembly 63 and a mounting rod 64. The discharge hopper 61 is fixed to the frame 1 by a nut and a mounting rod 64. The mounting rod 64 is a lead screw. The mounting rod 64 passes through the through hole on the discharge hopper 61, and the lead screw is fixed at both ends by bolts. The installation position of the discharge hopper 61 is a rotatable connection. One end of the discharge hopper 61 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, and the bottom of the discharge hopper 61 is fixed by the support rod assembly 63; the support rod assembly 63 can adopt the following structure: the first structure is that the support rod assembly 63 includes a first support rod 631, a second support rod 632 and a hinge joint 633. The two ends of the first support rod 631 are external threaded columns, and one end of the second support rod 632 is connected to the frame 1 is hinged, and the other end of the second support rod 632 is provided with an internally threaded hole 1 that cooperates with the externally threaded column of the first support rod 631. The hinge joint 633 is hinged to the end of the discharge hopper 61 away from the frame 1. The hinge joint 633 is provided with an internally threaded hole 2 that cooperates with the other externally threaded column of the first support rod 631. The externally threaded columns at both ends of the first support rod 631 are threadedly connected to the internally threaded holes of the hinge joint 633 and the second support rod 632, respectively. When the inclination angle of the discharge hopper 61 needs to be adjusted, rotating the first support rod 631 can adjust the overall length of the support rod assembly 63, thereby adjusting the discharge hopper 61 to the appropriate angle to facilitate the discharge of materials from the vibrating screen 31. The waste collection trough 62 is located directly below the vibrating screen 31. Debris and dust that fall from the vibrating screen 31 slide through the waste collection trough 62 for centralized processing. The second structure is that the support rod assembly 63 includes a first support rod, a second support rod and an intermediate adjustment rod, wherein the first support rod is rotatably connected to the discharge hopper through a hinge joint, the second support rod is rotatably connected to the frame 1 through a hinge joint, and the intermediate adjustment rod is a structure with external threads at both ends, and the ends of the first and second support rods are provided with threaded holes that cooperate with the external threads. The overall length of the entire support rod assembly 63 can be adjusted by rotating the intermediate adjustment rod.

[0152] In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 7 includes an electric motor I 71 , an electric motor II 72 , a universal joint coupling 73 , a bracket, a double-groove pulley I 74 , a double-groove pulley II 75 , a double-groove pulley III 76 , a single-groove pulley I 77 , a single-groove pulley II 78 , and a V-belt 79 . The motor I71 is mounted on the bracket at the head end of the frame 1, and drives the double-grooved pulley I74 to rotate through the single-grooved pulley I77 and the belt. The double-grooved pulley I74 is mounted on one end of the transmission shaft II36, and drives the transmission shaft II36 in the vibration mechanism 3 to rotate through the V-belt 79. The double-grooved pulley I74 then drives the transmission shaft III45 in the combing and brushing mechanism 4. The double-grooved pulley II75 on the transmission shaft III45 drives the double-grooved pulley III76 at the end of the transmission shaft IV46. The double-grooved pulley III76 drives the single-grooved pulley II78 at the end of the transmission shaft V47 to rotate, thereby driving the three brush rollers 41 in the combing and brushing mechanism 4 to rotate; the motor II72 is fixed on the frame 1, and drives the transmission shaft I25 in the rubbing mechanism 2 to perform a rotational rubbing motion through the universal joint coupling 73.

[0153] The working principle of this solution is as follows: Garlic cloves, broken according to a certain weight, are conveyed from the feed port 21 to the scrubbing drum 22 via a conveyor belt. A floating friction roller 231, driven by a transmission shaft I 25, rotates at a constant speed. The floating friction roller 231 and the fan-shaped friction surface 232 continuously rub and squeeze the garlic cloves. Three sets of scrubbing units 23 are installed to accommodate garlic cloves of varying sizes. This friction and squeezing force causes the previously intact garlic skins to break, facilitating the next step of peeling the entire garlic skin. The broken garlic cloves then pass through the blanking plate 26 and enter the vibrating screen 31. There, they are subjected to a combination of forces: the airflow from the air compressor 51, the up-and-down vibration of the vibrating screen 31, the friction and collision of the curved garlic-like friction blocks 32 within the vibrating screen 31, and the brushing of the brush roller 42. This forces the skins to be peeled off. A lot of waste will be generated during the peeling process. The larger garlic skins will be discharged through the discharge hopper 61 along with the garlic cloves. The garlic cloves and garlic skins can be separated from each other by a fan later. The smaller debris and dust will enter the waste collection hopper 62 through the chess-shaped holes below the vibrating screen 31 for centralized processing.

[0154] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the present profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined flexible garlic peeling device, comprising a frame, characterized in that: A rubbing mechanism, a vibrating mechanism and a combing mechanism are arranged on the frame; The rubbing mechanism includes a rubbing cylinder and a floating rubbing unit. The rubbing cylinder is a cylindrical structure, including a feeding port located at the top and a discharge port located at the bottom. The floating rubbing unit is installed in the rubbing cylinder. Garlic cloves enter through the feeding port of the rubbing cylinder, are rubbed and squeezed to break the skin by the floating rubbing unit, and then enter the vibrating mechanism through the discharge port of the rubbing cylinder. The floating rubbing unit is composed of floating rubbing rollers and sector-shaped friction surfaces. The floating rubbing rollers are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the transmission shaft I, and the floating rubbing rollers are located above the corresponding sector-shaped friction surfaces. The axes of the floating rubbing rollers are parallel to the corresponding sector-shaped friction surfaces. The transmission shaft I can drive the floating rubbing rollers to rotate relative to the sector-shaped friction surfaces. The floating rubbing rollers are composed of hollow rubber rollers and steel bars. The steel bars are fixed to the hollow shaft sleeves by welding. The hollow rubber rollers are covered on the outside of the steel bars. The hollow shaft sleeves are mounted on the mounting step of the transmission shaft I. A spring is provided between the hollow shaft sleeves and the mounting step of the transmission shaft I. The floating rubbing rollers are adjusted up and down by the hollow shaft sleeves and the springs cooperating on the transmission shaft I. The vibration mechanism includes a vibrating screen, a rocker assembly and an eccentric vibration unit. The eccentric vibration unit is arranged at one end of the vibrating screen and realizes the plane vibration of the vibrating screen through the driving action of the transmission shaft. The eccentric vibration unit includes a transmission shaft, an eccentric bearing and a bearing seat. The bearing seat is connected to the vibrating screen through a rocker arm, and the bearing seat is mounted on the transmission shaft through an eccentric bearing. The transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the eccentric bearing through a key. The rocker assembly includes a plurality of rocker seats and rockers. The rocker assembly is arranged around the vibrating screen, and the rocker seat is fixed to the frame. One end of the rocker is rotatably connected to the vibrating screen, and the other end is rotatably connected to the rocker seat. A layer of polyurethane rough surface pad is laid in the vibrating screen, and a plurality of garlic-like arc-shaped friction blocks are arranged on the polyurethane rough surface pad. The combing and brushing mechanism is arranged above the vibrating screen, and the combing and brushing mechanism includes at least one brush roller, and a garlic channel gap is reserved between the brush roller and the vibrating screen.

2. The combined flexible garlic peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rocker seat includes an adjusting screw and an adjusting nut. The adjusting screw is connected to the frame and fixed by the adjusting nut. The rocker assembly cooperates with the adjustable screw and the adjusting nut to adjust the inclination angle of the vibrating screen by adjusting the length of the rocker. The inclination angle of the vibrating screen refers to the inclination angle along the discharging direction of the garlic cloves.

3. The combined flexible garlic peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: More than three brush rollers are arranged in sequence along the discharging direction. The brush rollers are arranged in parallel. Along the feeding to discharging direction, the garlic channel gap between the brush rollers and the vibrating screen gradually decreases.

4. The combined flexible garlic peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pneumatic mechanism, which includes a plurality of air nozzles. The air nozzles are installed above the vibrating screen and are used to blow air into the vibrating screen through the air nozzles, so that the garlic skins are blown off the garlic cloves under the action of wind pressure to achieve the peeling effect.

5. The combined flexible garlic peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a collecting mechanism, which includes a discharge hopper and a waste collection hopper. The discharge hopper is arranged on the frame at the discharge end of the vibrating screen, and the garlic on the vibrating screen is discharged by the discharge hopper. The waste collection hopper is arranged below the vibrating screen and has a certain slope from the feed side to the discharge side.

6. The combined flexible garlic peeling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the discharge hopper is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the other end is hinged to one end of the support rod assembly, and the other end of the support rod assembly is hinged to the frame. The support rod assembly includes a first support rod and a second support rod, and the first support rod and the second support rod are threadedly connected. The length of the support rod assembly is adjusted by the thread between the two support rods to achieve angle adjustment of the waste collection hopper.

Images