Mineral oil and mineral oil-bearing hazardous waste catalytic cracking processing apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste catalytic cracking treatment device and method, relates to the technical field of waste treatment equipment, and comprises a base and a kettle body arranged above the base. A plurality of supporting legs are arranged between the kettle body and the base. A heating unit is arranged on the outer side of the kettle body to provide heat for the kettle body. The outer side of the base is further wrapped with a heat preservation shell. The application is designed in view of the disadvantages of the existing equipment. The raw materials can be centrifugally purified, the burden of the later cracking catalysis is reduced, the processing cost is reduced, the raw materials are mixed through stirring, the raw materials deposited at the bottom of the kettle body are scraped up through a scraping plate, the mixing effect is further improved, the blocking member can be opened in the later stage, the impurities accumulated on the filter screen are discharged, the slag discharge operation can be quickly completed, and the service life of the kettle body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment equipment technology, specifically to a device and method for catalytic cracking treatment of mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral oil is any colorless, odorless, light mixture of higher alkanes from mineral sources, especially petroleum distillates. Unlike commonly edible vegetable oils, which can be recycled through catalytic cracking, many waste mineral oils contain a lot of wastewater, which is not conducive to subsequent catalytic cracking treatment. Furthermore, the low purity of these mineral oils leads to low efficiency in later processing, and the wastewater wastes a lot of energy. Regarding catalytic cracking, the existing patent publication number CN212068675U discloses a catalytic cracking reactor. This equipment heats and stirs the waste to distill the target oil in the waste and obtain the target liquid. However, this approach leads to an increasing accumulation of impurities inside the reaction vessel, which tends to accumulate at the bottom of the vessel over time, seriously affecting the mixing of subsequent materials and even causing the entire equipment to fail. Later cleaning also requires opening the vessel to scrape off the material, which is quite cumbersome.

[0003] Based on this, a catalytic cracking treatment apparatus and method for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste are now provided, which can eliminate the drawbacks of existing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for catalytic cracking treatment of mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A catalytic cracking treatment unit for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste includes a base and a vessel body mounted on top of it. Several supporting legs are provided between the vessel body and the base. A heating unit is located on the outer side of the vessel body to provide heat. The base is also covered with an insulating shell to reduce heat loss. A dosing mechanism for adding auxiliary materials is located on the upper left side of the vessel body. A feed inlet is located on one side of the dosing mechanism, and a feed pipe is located at the feed inlet. The upper end of the feed pipe is connected to a centrifugal separator for centrifugal purification of the raw materials. A feed pipe for introducing raw materials is located on the left side of the centrifugal separator. An impurity discharge pipe for discharging slag is located on the lower side of the centrifugal separator. A liquefaction collection unit is located on the right side of the vessel body. A slag discharge port is located at the middle of the bottom of the vessel body. A convection inner cylinder is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the vessel body where the slag discharge port is located. The lower end of the convection inner cylinder is rotatably sealed to the bottom of the vessel body. A rotating column is located at the middle of the upper end of the convection inner cylinder. The rotating column is connected to a rotary drive component for rotating it. A stirring rod for stirring the raw materials inside the vessel body is located on the outer side of the convection inner cylinder.

[0007] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solutions:

[0008] In an optional embodiment: the liquefaction collection unit includes a steam conduit located on the upper right side of the base for discharging steam, the end of the steam conduit being connected to a condenser for liquefying the oil, the condenser being provided with an exhaust pipe for venting, and a discharge pipe for collecting the target oil being located on the lower side of the condenser.

[0009] In the optional configuration: the lower outer side of the convection inner cylinder is arrayed with several scraper plates that cooperate with the bottom of the vessel body.

[0010] In an optional configuration: the scraper is set at an acute angle to the axis of the convection inner cylinder.

[0011] In an optional embodiment: the convection inner cylinder is provided with a filter assembly for removing impurities remaining inside the vessel. The filter assembly includes a feed inlet located on the outside of the convection inner cylinder. Each feed inlet is provided with a guide plate for guiding the raw material in. The lower end of the convection inner cylinder is provided with a sealing element for sealing its bottom. Several outlets are distributed on the surface of the convection inner cylinder, and each outlet is provided with a filter screen for filtration.

[0012] In an optional embodiment: the sealing component includes a sealing block and a piston scraper disposed inside the convection inner cylinder. The piston scraper is located above the sealing block, and the thickness of the piston scraper corresponds to the thickness of the filter screen. The sealing block and the piston scraper are connected by a connecting rod. The sealing block is used to seal the lower end of the convection inner cylinder. The upper end of the sealing block has a conical structure, and the upper end of the piston scraper is connected to a pushing mechanism for driving its up and down movement.

[0013] In an optional configuration: the upper end of the base is provided with a receiving trough for collecting discharged impurities.

[0014] In an optional embodiment: the pushing mechanism includes a perforation inside the rotating column, and a sliding rod is slidably disposed at the perforation position. The lower end of the sliding rod is connected to the upper end of the piston scraper, and the upper end of the sliding rod is rotatably connected to the output end of the lifting pushing rod. The lifting pushing rod is disposed on a mounting frame, and one side of the mounting frame is connected to the upper end of the vessel body through a bracket.

[0015] In an optional embodiment: the rotary drive includes a driven gear disposed on the upper end of the rotating column, a drive motor is mounted on the upper end of the vessel body on one side of the driven gear, and the output end of the drive motor is provided with a drive gear that meshes with the driven gear.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing equipment by centrifuging and purifying raw materials, reducing the catalytic burden in later pyrolysis and lowering processing costs. Simultaneously, it mixes the raw materials through stirring and scrapes up the material deposited at the bottom of the reactor using a scraper, further improving the mixing effect. Later, the sealing components can be opened to remove accumulated impurities from the filter screen, enabling rapid slag removal and contributing to a longer service life of the reactor. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the convection inner cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the piston scraper and sealing block structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure reference numerals: Base 11, vessel body 12, heating unit 13, filter screen 14, convection inner cylinder 15, discharge pipe 16, condenser 17, exhaust pipe 18, steam duct 19, drive gear 21, drive motor 20, mounting bracket 22, lifting push rod 23, feeding pipe 24, centrifugal separator 26, support 25, feed pipe 27, impurity discharge pipe 28, driven gear 29, rotating column 30, sliding rod 31, heat preservation shell 32, stirring rod 33, scraper 34, guide plate 35, feed port 36, slag discharge port 37, sealing block 38, piston scraper 39, receiving trough 40. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste includes a base 11 and a vessel body 12 disposed above it. Several support legs are provided between the vessel body 12 and the base 11. A heating unit 13 for providing heat is provided on the outside of the vessel body 12. The outside of the base 11 is also wrapped with an insulation shell 32 to reduce heat loss. A dosing mechanism for adding auxiliary materials is provided on the upper left side of the vessel body 12. A feed inlet is provided on one side of the dosing mechanism. A feed pipe 24 is provided at the feed inlet. The upper end of the feed pipe 24 is connected to a centrifugal separator 26 for centrifugal purification of raw materials. A feed pipe 27 for introducing raw materials is provided on the left side of the centrifugal separator 26. An impurity discharge pipe 28 for discharging slag is provided on the lower side of the centrifugal separator 26. In this way, the raw materials can be pre-treated to remove a large amount of water, reducing the burden of subsequent processing.

[0025] The right side of the vessel body 12 is provided with a liquefaction collection unit, which includes a steam conduit 19 located on the upper right side of the base 11 for discharging steam. The end of the steam conduit 19 is connected to a condenser 17 for liquefying the oil. The condenser 17 is provided with an exhaust pipe 18 for venting exhaust gas. The lower side of the condenser 17 is provided with a discharge pipe 16 for collecting the target oil. When the raw material in the vessel body 12 is at the target temperature, the oil in it will evaporate and then be discharged along the steam conduit 19. After the steam enters the condenser 17, the target oil in it will also liquefy and then be discharged along the discharge pipe 16.

[0026] The bottom of the vessel body 12 is provided with a slag discharge port 37 at the middle position. A convection inner cylinder 15 is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the vessel body 12 where the slag discharge port 37 is located. The lower end of the convection inner cylinder 15 is rotatably sealed to the bottom of the vessel body 12. Several scraper plates 34 are arranged in an array on the outer side of the lower end of the convection inner cylinder 15, which cooperate with the bottom of the vessel body 12. The scraper plates 34 are set at an acute angle to the axis of the convection inner cylinder 15. In this way, when the convection inner cylinder 15 rotates rapidly, the scraper plates 34 can lift the raw material at the bottom of the vessel body 12, thereby ensuring that the raw material can be heated evenly. A rotating column 30 is provided at the middle position of the upper end of the convection inner cylinder 15. The rotating column 30 is connected to a rotating drive component for driving its rotation. A stirring rod 33 is provided on the outer side of the convection inner cylinder 15 for stirring the raw material inside the vessel body 12. The stirring rod 33 can make the upper layer of raw material mix evenly.

[0027] The convection inner cylinder 15 is equipped with a filter assembly for removing impurities remaining inside the vessel body 12. The filter assembly includes a feed inlet 36 located on the outside of the convection inner cylinder 15. Each feed inlet 36 is equipped with a guide plate 35 for guiding the raw material in. The lower end of the convection inner cylinder 15 is equipped with a sealing member for sealing its bottom. The surface of the convection inner cylinder 15 is distributed with several outlets. Each outlet is equipped with a filter screen 14 for filtration. In actual use, the convection inner cylinder 15 will rotate rapidly with the rotating column 30. The guide plate 35 will continuously introduce the raw material into the convection inner cylinder 15. The raw material will pass through the filter screen 14 and return to the vessel body 12. Impurities will be retained at the filter screen 14, thereby completing the purification process. Later, the sealing member can be opened, and the impurities accumulated on the filter screen 14 can be discharged.

[0028] The sealing component includes a sealing block 38 and a piston scraper 39 disposed inside the convection inner cylinder 15. The piston scraper 39 is located above the sealing block 38, and its thickness corresponds to the thickness of the filter screen 14. The sealing block 38 and the piston scraper 39 are connected by a connecting rod. The sealing block 38 is used to seal the lower end of the convection inner cylinder 15. The upper end of the sealing block 38 has a conical structure. The upper end of the piston scraper 39 is connected to a pushing mechanism for driving its up and down movement. In actual processing, the sealing block 38 blocks the lower end of the convection inner cylinder 15. When the filter screen 14 is blocked, the piston scraper 39 is located above the filter screen 14. At this time, the filter impurities can be stored between the piston scraper 39 and the blocking block 38. During the later slag discharge, the piston scraper 39 is driven to move down by the pushing mechanism. The piston scraper 39 moves down and just blocks the filter screen 14, and scrapes away the blockage impurities on it. At this time, the blocking block 38 also leaves the slag discharge port 37. In this way, the impurities inside the convection inner cylinder 15 can be discharged. It should be noted that during slag discharge, the height of the raw material inside the vessel body 12 should not be higher than the height of the guide plate 35 to minimize the waste of raw materials.

[0029] The upper end of the base 11 is provided with a receiving trough 40 for collecting and discharging impurities. The slag discharge method in this application can remove the non-degradable impurities accumulated inside, thus avoiding the accumulation of impurities and ensuring the good operating condition of the equipment.

[0030] The pushing mechanism includes a through hole inside the rotating column 30, and a sliding rod 31 is slidably disposed at the through hole. The lower end of the sliding rod 31 is connected to the upper end of the piston scraper 39, and the upper end of the sliding rod 31 is rotatably connected to the output end of the lifting push rod 23. The lifting push rod 23 is disposed on the mounting frame 22, and one side of the mounting frame 22 is connected to the upper end of the vessel body 12 through the bracket 25. The lifting push rod 23 drives the sliding rod 31 to move up and down, thereby providing power for the height adjustment of the sealing block 38 and the piston scraper 39.

[0031] The rotary drive includes a driven gear 29 disposed on the upper end of the rotating column 30. A drive motor 20 is installed on the upper end of the vessel body 12 on one side of the driven gear 29. The output end of the drive motor 20 is provided with a drive gear 21 that meshes with the driven gear 29. The drive motor 20 drives the driven gear 29 to rotate, and the driven gear 29 drives the rotating column 30 to rotate, thereby providing power for mixing.

[0032] The above embodiments disclose a catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste. In actual use, the raw material enters the centrifugal separator 26 along the feed pipe 27. After centrifugal purification, the raw material enters the reactor body 12. A catalyst is added through the dosing mechanism. The interior of the reactor body 12 is heated by the heating unit 13. The rotating column 30 is driven to rotate by the rotary drive component. The rotating column 30 drives the convection inner cylinder 15 to rotate. The stirring rod 33 on the outside of the convection inner cylinder 15 stirs the raw material. The scraper 34 scrapes the raw material at the bottom, so that the raw material is heated evenly. After the raw material is heated, the steam enters the condenser 17 along the steam pipe 19, and the oil liquefies and flows out along the discharge line. As the convection inner cylinder 15 rotates rapidly, the guide plate 35 continuously feeds the raw material into the convection inner cylinder 15. The raw material is then discharged along the filter screen 14, which filters the raw material. The blocking block 38 blocks the lower end of the convection inner cylinder 15, and the piston scraper 39 is located above the filter screen 14. At this time, the filtered impurities can be stored between the piston scraper 39 and the blocking block 38. During the later slag discharge, the piston scraper 39 is driven to move down by the pushing mechanism. The piston scraper 39 moves down and just blocks the filter screen 14, scraping away the impurities blocking it. At this time, the blocking block 38 also leaves the slag discharge port 37, so that the impurities inside the convection inner cylinder 15 can be discharged.

[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste, comprising a base (11) and a vessel body (12) disposed thereon, wherein a heating unit (13) for providing heat to the vessel body (12) is provided on its outer side, characterized in that, The upper left side of the vessel body (12) is provided with a dosing mechanism for adding auxiliary materials. A feed inlet is located on one side of the dosing mechanism, and a feeding pipe (24) is located at the feed inlet. The upper end of the feeding pipe (24) is connected to a centrifugal separator (26) for centrifugal purification of the raw materials. A feed pipe (27) for introducing raw materials is located on the left side of the centrifugal separator (26). A slag discharge pipe (28) for discharging slag is located on the lower side of the centrifugal separator (26). A liquefaction collection unit is located on the right side of the vessel body (12). 2) A slag discharge port (37) is provided at the middle of the bottom. A convection inner cylinder (15) is provided on the inner wall of the vessel body (12) where the slag discharge port (37) is located. The lower end of the convection inner cylinder (15) is rotatably sealed to the bottom of the vessel body (12). A rotating column (30) is provided at the middle of the upper end of the convection inner cylinder (15). The rotating column (30) is connected to a rotating drive component for driving its rotation. A stirring rod (33) is provided on the outside of the convection inner cylinder (15) for stirring the raw materials inside the vessel body (12). The convection inner cylinder (15) is provided with a filter assembly for removing impurities remaining inside the vessel body (12). The filter assembly includes a feed inlet (36) located on the outside of the convection inner cylinder (15). Each feed inlet (36) is provided with a guide plate (35) for guiding the raw material in. The lower end of the convection inner cylinder (15) is provided with a sealing member for sealing its bottom. The surface of the convection inner cylinder (15) is distributed with several outlets, and each outlet is provided with a filter screen (14) for filtration. The sealing component includes a sealing block (38) and a piston scraper (39) disposed inside the convection inner cylinder (15). The piston scraper (39) is located above the sealing block (38). The thickness of the piston scraper (39) corresponds to the thickness of the filter screen (14). The sealing block (38) and the piston scraper (39) are connected by a connecting rod. The sealing block (38) is used to seal the lower end of the convection inner cylinder (15). The upper end of the sealing block (38) has a conical structure. The upper end of the piston scraper (39) is connected to a pushing mechanism for driving its up and down movement. The upper end of the base (11) is provided with a receiving trough (40) for collecting discharged impurities. The pushing mechanism includes a perforation inside the rotating column (30), and a sliding rod (31) is slidably provided at the perforation position. The lower end of the sliding rod (31) is connected to the upper end of the piston scraper (39), and the upper end of the sliding rod (31) is rotatably connected to the output end of the lifting push rod (23). The lifting push rod (23) is provided on the mounting frame (22), and one side of the mounting frame (22) is connected to the upper end of the vessel body (12) through the bracket (25).

2. The catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquefaction collection unit includes a steam conduit (19) located on the upper right side of the base (11) for discharging steam. The end of the steam conduit (19) is connected to a condenser (17) for liquefying oil. The condenser (17) is provided with an exhaust pipe (18) for venting air. The lower side of the condenser (17) is provided with a discharge pipe (16) for collecting target oil.

3. The catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower outer side of the convection inner cylinder (15) is provided with several scraper plates (34) that cooperate with the bottom of the inner part of the vessel body (12).

4. The catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste according to claim 3, characterized in that, The scraper (34) is set at an acute angle to the axis of the convection inner cylinder (15).

5. The catalytic cracking treatment device for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive includes a driven gear (29) disposed on the upper end of the rotating column (30), and a drive motor (20) is installed on the upper end of the vessel body (12) on one side of the driven gear (29). The output end of the drive motor (20) is provided with a drive gear (21) that meshes with the driven gear (29).

6. A method of using the catalytic cracking treatment apparatus for mineral oil and mineral oil-containing hazardous waste as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: The raw material enters the centrifugal separator (26) along the feed pipe (27), and after centrifugation and purification, the raw material enters the vessel body (12), and the catalyst is added through the dosing mechanism; Step 2: The heating unit (13) heats the inside of the vessel body (12). The rotating drive unit drives the rotating column (30) to rotate. The rotating column (30) drives the convection inner cylinder (15) to rotate. The stirring rod (33) on the outside of the convection inner cylinder (15) will stir the raw material. The scraper (34) scrapes the raw material at the bottom, so that the raw material is heated evenly. After the raw material is heated, the steam will enter the condenser (17) along the steam pipe (19), and the oil will liquefy and flow out along the discharge pipe (16). Step 3: When the convection inner cylinder (15) rotates rapidly, the guide plate (35) will continuously feed the raw material into the convection inner cylinder (15). Then the raw material is discharged along the filter screen (14). The filter screen (14) filters the raw material. The blocking block (38) blocks the lower end of the convection inner cylinder (15). The piston scraper (39) is located above the filter screen (14). At this time, the filtered impurities can be stored between the piston scraper (39) and the blocking block (38). When the slag is discharged later, the piston scraper (39) is driven down by the pushing mechanism. The piston scraper (39) just blocks the filter screen (14) and scrapes away the impurities that are blocked on it.

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