A method, device and equipment for determining the offset of brush angle and a storage medium

Abstract

This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining the offset of brush angles. The method determines the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line in a planar model of a single-phase series motor. The geometric center line is offset from the brush center line by a predetermined angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor. This causes the commutating element of the single-phase series motor to generate a commutating electromotive force (EMF) when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutating EMF is opposite in direction to the reactive EMF and rotational EMF generated by the commutating element cutting the armature magnetic field, and they cancel each other out. This solves the problem of potential sparking between the commutator and the motor brushes when the motor commutation is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical machinery, and in particular to a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining the offset of brush angle. Background Technology

[0002] A single-phase series-wound motor's stator consists of a stator core and excitation windings mounted on the magnetic poles. The stator core is made of laminated silicon steel sheets. The excitation windings and armature windings on the stator are connected in series, allowing it to be used for both AC and DC power. The rotor generates electromagnetic torque, driving the load through the shaft and converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. The rotor consists of an armature core, armature windings, and a commutator. The main characteristics of a single-phase series-wound motor are: high output speed, typically reaching tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, making it widely used in applications requiring high speeds. Due to its high speed, small size, and light weight, it can be widely used in power tools and household appliances, and can be powered by both AC and DC power. Series-wound motors have a wide speed range, easily achieving stepless speed regulation; they also have high starting torque. Because of these many advantages, the single-phase series-wound motor has become one of the most widely used motors in the field of micro-motors.

[0003] The commutation performance of a single-phase series motor significantly affects its normal operation and limits its lifespan. Poor commutation in a single-phase series motor can cause sparks between the commutator segments and brushes. If these sparks persist and accumulate to a dangerous level, they can damage the commutator surface and brushes, hindering normal motor operation, reducing lifespan, and in severe cases, rendering the motor unusable.

[0004] In view of the above, this application is hereby submitted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining the offset of brush angle, aiming to solve the problem of sparks that may occur between the commutator and the motor brushes when the motor commutation is not good.

[0006] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the offset of a brush angle, comprising:

[0007] A planar model of the single-phase series motor is established based on its parameters.

[0008] The position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line of the single-phase series motor are determined based on the planar model.

[0009] The geometric center line is offset from the brush center line by a predetermined angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field, and they can cancel each other out.

[0010] Preferably, the preset offset angle is generated based on an offset angle calculation model established by the offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, quadrature-axis armature reaction electromotive force of the commutation element of the single-phase series motor when cutting the air gap magnetic field, and the reactive electromotive force of cutting the leakage magnetic field during the commutation process.

[0011] Preferably, the commutation element is offset by the deflection electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field. The computational model is as follows:

[0012] ;

[0013] in, For the number of turns of the component, For armature stacking length, The armature linear velocity, This is the polar arc coefficient. For air gap magnetic flux density;

[0014] The commutation element's rotational electromotive force cutting the air gap magnetic field The computational model is as follows:

[0015] ;

[0016] in, This is the cross-axis armature reaction potential. The first correction factor;

[0017] The commutation element generates reactive electromotive force when cutting the leakage magnetic field. When the motor is working normally, and It conforms to the following relationship:

[0018] ;

[0019] in, The second correction factor;

[0020] By combining offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, and reactive electromotive force, a model for calculating the offset angle can be generated:

[0021] .

[0022] in, , It is the polar arc coefficient.

[0023] Preferably, the position of the geometric center line is the center line of the commutator segment connected to the first and second units of the element when the first and last slots of the element in a slot are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis.

[0024] A second embodiment of the present invention provides a device for determining the offset of a brush angle, comprising:

[0025] The planar model building unit builds a planar model of the single-phase series motor based on its parameters.

[0026] The position determination unit determines the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line of the single-phase series motor based on the planar model.

[0027] The moving unit is used to move the geometric center line away from the brush center line by a preset offset angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field, and can cancel each other out.

[0028] Preferably, the preset offset angle is generated based on an offset angle calculation model established by the offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, quadrature-axis armature reaction electromotive force of the commutation element of the single-phase series motor when cutting the air gap magnetic field, and the reactive electromotive force of cutting the leakage magnetic field during the commutation process.

[0029] Preferably, the commutation element is offset by the deflection electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field. The computational model is as follows:

[0030] ;

[0031] in, For the number of turns of the component, For armature stacking length, The armature linear velocity, This is the polar arc coefficient. For air gap magnetic flux density;

[0032] The commutation element's rotational electromotive force cutting the air gap magnetic field The computational model is as follows:

[0033] ;

[0034] in, This is the cross-axis armature reaction potential. The first correction factor;

[0035] The commutation element generates reactive electromotive force when cutting the leakage magnetic field. When the motor is working normally, and It conforms to the following relationship:

[0036] ;

[0037] in, The second correction factor;

[0038] By combining offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, and reactive electromotive force, a model for calculating the offset angle can be generated:

[0039] .

[0040] in, , It is the polar arc coefficient.

[0041] Preferably, the position of the geometric center line is the center line of the commutator segment connected to the first and second units of the element when the first and last slots of the element in a slot are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis.

[0042] The third embodiment of the present invention provides a brush angle offset determination device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, which can be executed by the processor to implement a brush angle offset determination method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0043] The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which can be executed by a processor of the device in which the computer-readable storage medium is located, to implement a brush angle offset determination method as described in any of the above claims.

[0044] Based on the brush angle offset determination method, apparatus, device, and storage medium provided by this invention, the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line are determined in the planar model of a single-phase series motor. The geometric center line is offset away from the brush center line by a preset angle along the armature rotation direction of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field, and they can cancel each other out. This solves the problem of sparking that may occur between the commutator and the motor brushes when the motor commutation is not good. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the offset of a brush angle according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of carbon brush movement provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the position of the geometric neutral line provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the commutation coil current waveform when the brush offset angle is set to 17.8°, as provided by the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a brush angle offset determination device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] To better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” as used in the embodiments of this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0054] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0055] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0056] The terms "first" and "second" used in the embodiments are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that "first" and "second" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permissible. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0057] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] This invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for determining the offset of brush angle, aiming to solve the problem of sparks that may occur between the commutator and the motor brushes when the motor commutation is not good.

[0059] Please see Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining the offset of a brush angle, which can be executed by a brush angle offset determining device (hereinafter referred to as the determining device), specifically, by one or more processors within the determining device, to at least implement the following steps:

[0060] S101, Establish a planar model of the single-phase series motor based on the parameters of the single-phase series motor;

[0061] In this embodiment, the determining device can be a desktop computer, laptop computer, server, workstation, or other terminal with data processing and analysis capabilities. The determining device can be equipped with a corresponding operating system and application software, and the functions required in this embodiment are realized through the combination of the operating system and application software.

[0062] The inventors discovered that the commutation performance of a single-phase series motor is closely related to its maximum speed and operational reliability. During normal operation, each element in the armature winding of a single-phase series motor continuously rotates from one branch to another. During this commutation process, the direction of the current in the armature winding changes; this is the commutation problem of a single-phase series motor. The entire commutation process is usually very short, but quite complex. If the commutation is poor, sparks will occur between the commutator and the motor brushes, damaging the motor.

[0063] In this embodiment, the commutation of the motor is improved by adjusting the position of the brushes. This is because when the motor is operating normally, the commutation element cuts the armature magnetic field, generating a rotational electromotive force (EMF) and a reactance EMF. If the brushes located on the geometric neutral line of the motor are adjusted at an appropriate angle against the direction of motor rotation, the brushes can rotate to a position below the main pole, where the magnetic field direction is opposite to that of the armature magnetic field. Thus, after the commutation element cuts the main pole magnetic field, it generates a commutation EMF. This commutation EMF is opposite in direction to both the reactance EMF and the rotational EMF, and they cancel each other out, thereby improving the commutation performance of the motor. Therefore, adjusting the brush position can be used to improve the commutation performance of the motor.

[0064] To minimize the potential in the commutator, based on the electromagnetic origin of sparking, the position of the brush can be appropriately moved to the physical neutral line. However, since the physical neutral line changes with the motor load, the brush position can be moved to a location at a certain angle away from the physical neutral line, such as... Figure 2 As shown, where nn is the geometric neutral line, mm is the physical neutral line, and vv is the position of the brush after movement. Practice has shown that for small-capacity single-phase series motors, different brush movement angles will significantly affect the motor's commutation performance. Generally, for single-phase series motors, the brushes can be moved 10~26° away from the magnetic pole centerline against the direction of armature rotation.

[0065] Since single-phase series motors generally have small capacities, with output power typically below 1kW, structural limitations prevent the addition of commutating poles to optimize commutation performance. In this embodiment, the geometric neutral line on the motor's brush commutator is moved by an appropriate angle against the direction of armature rotation. This causes the entire commutation region to shift by the same angle from the geometric neutral line on the armature in the opposite direction of armature rotation, and rotate to below the main poles. In this way, the main pole magnetic field replaces the function of the commutation pole magnetic field, thereby optimizing the commutation performance of the single-phase series motor. Determining this appropriate angle... Attention should be paid to the following: It must be compared to the offset angle of the physical neutral line of the air gap magnetic field. It needs to be larger; only in this way can the rotating electromotive force generated by the commutator when cutting the air gap magnetic field be increased. Direction and reactance potential The direction of action is opposite, in At that time, it can achieve the goal of greatly improving the commutation performance of the motor, and it should also make The angle should not be too large, usually

[0066] (1)

[0067] in, It is the pole arc coefficient; because the motor brushes move against the direction of armature rotation, causing a demagnetizing direct-axis armature reaction in the armature windings, if the offset angle is... If the value is too large, the demagnetizing effect will be too strong. In this case, to maintain a stable main magnetic flux, the stator excitation ampere-turns must be increased, which further leads to a significant increase in the copper losses of the motor. At the same time, a large offset angle is also required. This will also significantly reduce the effective ampere-turns of the armature winding, and both of these factors will lead to a significant decrease in the motor's power factor and efficiency. When designing a motor, the brushes are fixed in their designed positions according to the motor's structural requirements. The brushes are then moved appropriately against the direction of armature rotation. This is achieved by moving the welding positions of the armature components and commutator in the direction of armature rotation, allowing the armature winding to move from the geometric neutral line on the commutator away from the brush centerline by an appropriate angle in the direction of armature rotation. This is to be completed. Therefore, it can be deduced that the offset angle of the motor brushes needs to be determined. First, the position of the geometric neutral line on the commutator must be determined.

[0068] S102, Based on the planar model, determine the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line of the single-phase series motor;

[0069] In this embodiment, the geometric center line is the center line of the commutator segment connected to the first and second units of the element when the first and last slots of the element in a slot are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis.

[0070] Specifically, all components in a slot can be considered as a single u. When the two slots containing component u are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis, the center line of the commutator segments connected to all components in component u is the geometric neutral line of the commutator to be found. For example... Figure 3 As shown, by Figure 3 It is known that each slot in the armature winding of the motor contains two units, and the actual slot pitch is 5. When slots 1 and 6, where element u is located, are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis, the center line of the commutator segment connected by the two units in element u is the commutator geometric neutral line. In a possible embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the commutation performance of the motor, the geometric neutral line is moved along the armature rotation direction to a position 1.5 commutator segments away from the brush center line.

[0071] S103, the geometric center line is offset from the brush center line by a preset angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field, and can cancel each other out.

[0072] In one possible embodiment of the present invention, the preset offset angle can be generated based on an offset angle calculation model established by the offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, quadrature-axis armature reaction electromotive force of the commutation element of the single-phase series motor when cutting the air gap magnetic field, and the reactive electromotive force of cutting the leakage magnetic field during the commutation process.

[0073] Specifically, in this embodiment, the commutation element will exhibit a deflection potential when cutting the magnetic field. For a uniform air gap, The size can be calculated using the following formula:

[0074] (2)

[0075] in, —Number of turns of the component; —Armature stack length (cm); —Armature linear velocity (m / s); It is the polar arc coefficient. —Air gap magnetic flux density (T).

[0076] Let the rotating electromotive force generated when the commutator cuts the air gap magnetic field be... Assuming Function

[0077] The current flow in the forward and reverse directions of the component is then... Just like the offset potential The directions are the same, and the reaction potential is the same as that of the quadrature axis armature. In the opposite direction, then increase the correction factor. ,get The expression is:

[0078] (3)

[0079] in,

[0080] During the commutation process, the commutating element generates a reactance electromotive force when cutting the leakage magnetic field. The reactance electromotive force (EMF) is the sum of the self-induced EMF of the commutating element and the mutual induced EMF formed by the mutual inductance between the commutating element and other elements in the same slot that undergo commutation simultaneously. To improve the commutation performance of a single-phase series motor, the motor brushes should be moved against the direction of armature rotation. At this time, the rotating electromotive force in the commutator element and reactance potential The directions are opposite; when the motor is working normally... and It conforms to the following relationship:

[0081] (4)

[0082] in,

[0083] offset potential Substituting the solution formula into the rotating electric potential and reactance potential After analysis and simplification, the relationship can be used to obtain the brush offset angle under the condition of uniform air gap. The solution formula is as follows:

[0084] It should be understood that:

[0085] The armature of a single-phase series-wound motor is the rotating part of the motor, consisting of a core, shaft, armature windings, and commutator. The armature core is made of 0.5mm thick armature laminations stacked together and fixed to the shaft. The armature laminations are generally semi-closed slots. Armature cores are divided into two types: skewed slot and straight slot. The manufacturing process of a straight slot rotor is relatively simple; however, to reduce the additional losses and torque caused by tooth harmonic magnetomotive force, a skewed slot rotor structure is generally used. The armature windings are embedded in the slots of the armature core. The windings consist of many coils, with leads connected to both the end and start of each coil. The leads of the commutator segments and coil units are connected according to a certain pattern, thus forming a closed loop in the armature windings.

[0086] The performance specifications of the motor in this embodiment are as follows: Power supply U = 220V; Input power P = 120 ± 5%W; Rated speed n = 12000 ± 5% r / min; Power factor cos =0.966 When designing the motor, the brush offset angle is set to 17.8°, and the commutation coil current is obtained as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0087] from Figure 4It can be clearly seen that when the brush offset angle of the single-phase series motor is 17.8°, the distortion of the current in the commutation coil basically disappears. This indicates that the delayed current caused by the rotational electromotive force and reactance electromotive force in the commutation coil has been basically eliminated, and the commutation of the motor has been significantly improved. This proves the effectiveness of improving the commutation of the motor by adjusting the brush position.

[0088] Please see Figure 5 The second embodiment of the present invention provides a brush angle offset determination device, comprising:

[0089] The planar model building unit builds a planar model of the single-phase series motor based on its parameters.

[0090] The position determination unit determines the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line of the single-phase series motor based on the planar model.

[0091] The moving unit is used to move the geometric center line away from the brush center line by a preset offset angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field, and can cancel each other out.

[0092] Preferably, the preset offset angle is generated based on an offset angle calculation model established by the offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, quadrature-axis armature reaction electromotive force of the commutation element of the single-phase series motor when cutting the air gap magnetic field, and the reactive electromotive force of cutting the leakage magnetic field during the commutation process.

[0093] Preferably, the commutation element is offset by the deflection electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field. The computational model is as follows:

[0094] ;

[0095] in, For the number of turns of the component, For armature stacking length, The armature linear velocity, This is the polar arc coefficient. For air gap magnetic flux density;

[0096] The commutation element's rotational electromotive force cutting the air gap magnetic field The computational model is as follows:

[0097] ;

[0098] in, This is the cross-axis armature reaction potential. The first correction factor;

[0099] The commutation element generates reactive electromotive force when cutting the leakage magnetic field. When the motor is working normally, and It conforms to the following relationship:

[0100] ;

[0101] in, The second correction factor;

[0102] By combining offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, and reactive electromotive force, a model for calculating the offset angle can be generated:

[0103] .

[0104] in, , It is the polar arc coefficient.

[0105] Preferably, the position of the geometric center line is the center line of the commutator segment connected to the first and second units of the element when the first and last slots of the element in a slot are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis.

[0106] The third embodiment of the present invention provides a brush angle offset determination device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, which can be executed by the processor to implement a brush angle offset determination method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0107] The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which can be executed by a processor of the device in which the computer-readable storage medium is located, to implement a brush angle offset determination method as described in any of the above claims.

[0108] Based on the brush angle offset determination method, apparatus, device, and storage medium provided by this invention, the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line are determined in the planar model of a single-phase series motor. The geometric center line is offset away from the brush center line by a preset angle along the armature rotation direction of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field, and they can cancel each other out. This solves the problem of sparking that may occur between the commutator and the motor brushes when the motor commutation is not good.

[0109] Exemplary examples show that the computer program described in the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention can be divided into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention. The one or more modules can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which describe the execution process of the computer program in the device for determining the offset of a brush angle. For example, the apparatus described in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0110] The processor referred to can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor is the control center of the brush angle offset determination method, connecting the various parts of the method using various interfaces and lines.

[0111] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or modules. The processor, by running or executing the computer program and / or modules stored in the memory, and by calling the data stored in the memory, implements various functions of a brush angle offset determination method. The memory may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, text conversion function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, text message data, etc.). In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0112] If the implemented module is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the above embodiments of the present invention can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0113] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings of the device embodiments provided by this invention, the connection relationships between modules indicate that they have communication connections, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining the offset of a brush angle, characterized in that, include: A planar model of the single-phase series motor is established based on its parameters. The position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line of the single-phase series motor are determined based on the planar model. The geometric center line is offset from the brush center line by a preset angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element when cutting the armature magnetic field, and they can cancel each other out. The preset offset angle is generated based on the offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, quadrature-axis armature reaction electromotive force of the commutation element of the single-phase series motor when cutting the air gap magnetic field, and the reactive electromotive force of cutting the leakage magnetic field during the commutation process. The commutating element cuts the offset electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field The operation model is: ； wherein, is the number of turns of the element, is the stack length of the armature, is the linear speed of the armature, is the pole arc factor, is the air gap flux density; The commutating element cuts the rotating electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field The operation model is: ； wherein is the quadrature-axis armature reaction potential, is a first correction factor; The commutation element generates reactive electromotive force when cutting the leakage magnetic field. When the motor is working normally, and It conforms to the following relationship: ； By combining offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, and reactive electromotive force, a model for calculating the offset angle can be generated: ； wherein , is the polar arc factor.

2. A method of determining a brush angle offset as claimed in claim 1, wherein The geometric center line is the center line of the commutator segment connected to the first and second units of the element when the first and last slots of the element in a slot are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis.

3. A brush angle offset determination device, characterized by include: The planar model building unit builds a planar model of the single-phase series motor based on its parameters. The position determination unit determines the position of the geometric center line of the commutator and the position of the brush center line of the single-phase series motor based on the planar model. The moving unit is used to move the geometric center line away from the brush center line by a preset offset angle along the direction of armature rotation of the single-phase series motor, so that the commutation element of the single-phase series motor generates a commutation electromotive force when cutting the main pole magnetic field. The commutation electromotive force is opposite in direction to the reactance electromotive force and rotational electromotive force generated by the commutation element when cutting the armature magnetic field, and can cancel each other out. The preset offset angle is generated based on the offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, quadrature-axis armature reaction electromotive force of the commutation element of the single-phase series motor when cutting the air gap magnetic field, and the reactive electromotive force of cutting the leakage magnetic field during the commutation process. The commutating element cuts the offset electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field The operation model is: ； in, For the number of turns of the component, For armature stacking length, The armature linear velocity, This is the polar arc coefficient. For air gap magnetic flux density; The commutating element cuts the rotating electromotive force of the air gap magnetic field The operation model is: ； wherein is the quadrature-axis armature reaction potential, is the first correction factor; The commutation element generates a reactance electromotive force when cutting the leakage field When the motor is operating normally, and complies with the following relationship: ； By combining offset electromotive force, rotational electromotive force, and reactive electromotive force, a model for calculating the offset angle can be generated: ； wherein , is the polar arc factor.

4. A brush angle offset determination device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The geometric center line is the center line of the commutator segment connected to the first and second units of the element when the first and last slots of the element in a slot are symmetrically positioned on the main pole axis.

5. An apparatus for determining a brush angle offset, comprising: The device includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the processor to implement a brush angle offset determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

6. A computer readable storage medium characterized by, The device contains a computer program that can be executed by a processor of the device in which the computer-readable storage medium is located, to implement a brush angle offset determination method as described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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