A micro-nano satellite ion thruster can automatically replace the grid module

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-nano satellite ion thruster with an automatically replaceable grid module, comprising an ionization chamber, a screen grid, a grid mounting sleeve, an acceleration grid module and a grid cover which are sequentially installed together, and the ionization chambers and the grid covers at both ends are buckled together; the acceleration grid module comprises a first fixing ring, a first acceleration grid module, a fixing ring, a second acceleration grid module, and a second fixing ring which are sequentially arranged, and the second acceleration grid module is arranged opposite to the first acceleration grid module; a power assembly is arranged on the first acceleration grid module; and a driving assembly is arranged on the second acceleration grid module. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient replacement and high degree of automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of space electric propulsion technology, and more specifically to an automatically replaceable grid module of a micro-nano satellite ion thruster. Background Art

[0002] Ion thrusters, also known as ion engines, are a type of space electric propulsion technology. They are characterized by low thrust and high specific impulse and are widely used in space propulsion, such as spacecraft attitude control, position keeping, orbital maneuvers and interstellar flight. The principle is to first ionize the gaseous working fluid and accelerate the ions under the action of a strong electric field, and then push the satellite to perform attitude adjustment or orbit transfer tasks through the reaction force.

[0003] There is a voltage of thousands of volts between the grids of the ion thruster, which can accelerate the ions generated by ionization in the discharge chamber to a very high speed. The high-speed ions are ejected from the grid system and then neutralized by the neutralizer, thereby generating thrust. It can be seen that the grid system of the ion thruster is the main component of the thruster to generate thrust, and its importance is self-evident.

[0004] The research results show that the corrosion of the lower plane of the accelerating grid is caused by the impact of the CEX ions returning from the downstream on the lower surface. The change of the accelerating grid potential has little effect on the corrosion depth of the inner surface of the accelerating grid hole. Changing the screen grid potential causes the energy of the CEX ions at the upstream position of the accelerating grid to change accordingly, which can affect the corrosion of the inner surface of the accelerating grid hole. The CEX ions bombarding the inner surface of the accelerating grid hole come from three positions: upstream, inside the hole and downstream of the accelerating grid. Moreover, the energy of the CEX ions from the upstream position of the accelerating grid is greater than that of the CEX ions from the downstream and inside the hole of the accelerating grid. Therefore, the corrosion of the inner surface of the accelerating grid hole is mainly caused by the CEX ions generated upstream, which are accelerated and collide with the inner surface of the accelerating grid hole under the action of the electric field between the gates.

[0005] The acceleration grid needs to be replaced after being corroded. Currently, most of the methods are to remove the old acceleration grid and then install a new one. The steps are cumbersome and time-consuming. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a micro-nano satellite ion thruster that can automatically replace the grid module. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a micro-nano satellite ion thruster that can automatically replace the grid module to solve the problem that the grid is difficult to replace in space.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0008] A micro-nano satellite ion thruster with an automatically replaceable grid module comprises an ionization chamber, a screen grid, a grid mounting sleeve, an acceleration grid module and a grid cover which are sequentially installed together, and the ionization chamber and the grid cover at both ends are buckled together; the acceleration grid module comprises a first fixing ring, a first acceleration grid module, a fixing ring, a second acceleration grid module and a second fixing ring which are sequentially arranged, and the second acceleration grid module is arranged opposite to the first acceleration grid module; the first acceleration grid module is provided with a power component for controlling the dispersion of the first acceleration grid module; the second acceleration grid module is provided with a driving component for controlling the closing of the second acceleration grid module.

[0009] To further optimize the technical solution, a first flange is provided on the ionization chamber, and a second flange matching the first flange is provided on the grid cover, and the two are connected by bolts.

[0010] To further optimize the technical solution, the first acceleration gate module includes a ring-shaped acceleration gate module bracket, one side of the acceleration gate module bracket is slidably provided with a plurality of acceleration gate blades that can block the circular holes on the acceleration gate module bracket, and the other side of the acceleration gate module bracket is provided with a power assembly; the acceleration gate module bracket is provided with a plurality of arc grooves that are divergent and extend toward the edge, and the power assembly is connected to the acceleration gate blades through the arc grooves.

[0011] To further optimize the technical solution, the power assembly includes a first spring group and a second spring group connected together, both of which are connected to a cylindrical buckle arranged on the acceleration grid blade, and the cylindrical buckle is slidably arranged in an arc groove; a connecting head hinged to the acceleration grid module bracket is arranged at one end of the first spring group, the connecting head is connected to a heating resistor, and a high-current fuse is arranged on the heating resistor; the high-current fuse is connected to a first spring wire, and the other end of the first spring wire is provided with a ring sleeve hinged on the cylindrical buckle; the ring sleeve is connected to the second spring group, the second spring group includes a second spring wire connected to the ring sleeve, and the other end of the second spring wire is provided with a connecting head and hinged to the acceleration grid blade.

[0012] To further optimize the technical solution, the acceleration grid module bracket is provided with a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft connected to the connector in the power assembly, the first rotating shaft is arranged next to the proximal end of the arc groove, and the second rotating shaft is arranged next to the distal end of the adjacent arc groove.

[0013] To further optimize the technical solution, a slide groove is provided on one side of the acceleration grid blade, and a slide support that can cooperate with the slide groove is provided on the other side, and an isosceles triangle is formed between the slide groove of the acceleration grid blade and the slide support to form a dispersed state after moving along the arc groove.

[0014] To further optimize the technical solution, the difference between the second acceleration gate module structure and the first acceleration gate module structure is that the second acceleration gate module is provided with a driving component with the same direction as the power component structure on the first acceleration gate module and the opposite direction to achieve the opposite motion state.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is as follows.

[0016] The present invention provides a micro-nano satellite ion thruster that can automatically replace the grid module, replace the traditional integrated grid with a blade-type grid, and neatly arrange the grid blades on the acceleration grid module bracket; the grid blades are driven by the power component to achieve contraction and release, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of replacing the grid. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient replacement, and high degree of automation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 An exploded view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a first acceleration gate module of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first spring group of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the acceleration grid blade of the present invention.

[0021] Wherein: 1. ionization chamber, 11. first flange, 2. screen grid, 3. grid mounting sleeve, 4. first fixing ring, 5. first acceleration grid module, 51. power assembly, 511. first spring group, 5111. connector, 5112. heating resistor, 5113. high current fuse, 5114. first spring wire, 512. second spring group, 5121. second spring wire, 53. acceleration grid module bracket, 531. arc groove, 54. acceleration grid blade, 541. slide groove, 542. slide support, 543. cylindrical buckle, 6. fixing ring, 7. second acceleration grid module, 8. second fixing ring, 9. grid cover, 91. second flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] A micro-nano satellite ion thruster can automatically replace the grid module, combined with Figures 1 to 4As shown, it includes an ionization chamber 1, a screen grid 2, a grid mounting sleeve 3, a first fixing ring 4, a first accelerating grid module 5, a fixing ring 6, a second fixing ring 8, a grid cover 9, and a second flange 91. A first flange 11 is provided on the ionization chamber 1. The first accelerating grid module 5 includes a power assembly 51, a second accelerating grid module 7, an accelerating grid module bracket 53, and an accelerating grid blade 54; the power assembly 51 includes a first spring group 511 and a second spring group 512; the first spring group 511 includes a connector 5111, a heating resistor 5112, a high current fuse 5113, and a first spring wire 5114; the second spring group 512 includes a second spring wire 5121; an arc groove 531 is provided on the accelerating grid module bracket 53; and a sliding groove 541, a sliding support 542, and a cylindrical buckle 543 are provided on the accelerating grid blade 54.

[0024] The ionization chamber 1, the screen grid 2, the grid mounting sleeve 3, the accelerating grid module and the grid cover 9 are installed together in sequence. The ionization chamber 1 is provided with a first flange 11, and the grid cover 9 is provided with a second flange 91 matching the first flange 11. The ionization chamber 1 and the grid cover 9 are connected together by bolts and flanges.

[0025] The acceleration grid module comprises a first fixing ring 4 , a first acceleration grid module 5 , a fixing ring 6 , a second acceleration grid module 7 , and a second fixing ring 8 which are arranged in sequence.

[0026] The first acceleration gate module 5 includes an acceleration gate module bracket 53, which is in a circular ring shape. A plurality of arc grooves 531 are evenly arranged on the acceleration gate module bracket 53, and the arc grooves 531 are divergent and extend toward the edge. A plurality of acceleration gate blades 54 are slidably arranged on the acceleration gate module bracket 53, and a cylindrical buckle 543 is arranged on the acceleration gate blade 54, and the cylindrical buckle 543 is slidably arranged in the arc groove 531; the acceleration gate blade 54 can be slid along the arc groove 531 to spread out, so as to expose the circular hole on the acceleration gate module bracket 53. A slide groove 541 is arranged on one side of the acceleration gate blade 54, and a slide support 542 that can cooperate with the slide groove 541 is arranged on the other side, and an isosceles triangle is formed between the acceleration gate blade 54, the slide groove 541 and the slide support 542, so as to form a seamless whole after the closed state.

[0027] The acceleration grid module bracket 53 is provided with a power assembly 51 connected to the acceleration grid blade 54 and used to provide power. The acceleration grid module bracket 53 is provided with a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft connected to both ends of the power assembly 51. The first rotating shaft is provided beside the proximal end of the arc groove 531, and the second rotating shaft is provided beside the distal end of the arc groove 531.

[0028] The power assembly 51 includes a first spring group 511 and a second spring group 512 connected together. In the initial state, the first spring group 511 and the second spring group 512 are in a uniformly stretched state, and the ring sleeve is ensured to be located at the proximal end of the corresponding arc groove 531. A connector 5111 is provided at one end of the first spring group 511 and is hinged to the first rotating shaft on the acceleration grid module bracket 53. The connector 5111 is connected to a heating resistor 5112, and a high-current fuse 5113 is provided on the heating resistor 5112. A first spring wire 5114 is connected to the high-current fuse 5113, and the other end of the first spring wire 5114 is provided with a ring sleeve hinged on the cylindrical buckle 543. The ring sleeve is connected to the second spring group 512, and the second spring group 512 includes a second spring wire 5121 connected to the ring sleeve. The other end of the second spring wire 5121 is provided with a connector 5111 and is hinged to the second rotating shaft on the acceleration grid blade 54.

[0029] The difference between the structure of the second acceleration grid module 7 and the structure of the first acceleration grid module 5 is that the second acceleration grid module 7 is provided with a driving component in the opposite direction to the power component 51 on the first acceleration grid module 5, so as to realize the opposite movement of the acceleration grid blades 54 of the two. The connecting head 5111 of the first spring group 511 on the second acceleration grid module 7 is hinged with the second rotating shaft on the acceleration grid blade 54; the connecting head 5111 of the second spring group 512 on the second acceleration grid module 7 is hinged with the first rotating shaft on the acceleration grid blade 54, and the ring sleeve between the first spring group 511 and the second spring group 512 is hinged on the cylindrical buckle 543. In the initial state, the first spring group 511 and the second spring group 512 on the second acceleration grid module 7 are in a uniformly stretched state, the deformation amount of the first spring group 511 is smaller than the deformation amount of the second spring group 512, and the ring sleeve is ensured to be located at the distal end of the corresponding arc groove 531, so as to realize the spread state of the second acceleration grid module 7.

[0030] When the present invention is actually used, the first spring group 511 tensions the second spring group 512, and the deformation of the first spring group 511 is smaller than that of the second spring group 512, so as to ensure that the ring is located at the proximal end of the corresponding arc groove 531, and the acceleration grid blades 54 on the acceleration grid module bracket 53 are in a closed state. When the acceleration grid blades 54 on the first acceleration grid module 5 reach the rated life, the high current fuse 5113 on the first spring group 511 melts, the second spring group 512 loses the pulling force of the first spring group 511, and the second spring group 512 contracts, thereby driving the acceleration grid blades 54 to spread toward the distal end of the arc groove 531. Since the acceleration grid blades 54 are spliced ​​together by the slide groove 541 and the slide bracket 542, the other acceleration grid blades 54 are also spread synchronously. At the same time, the high-current fuse 5113 of the first spring group 511 on the second acceleration grid module 7 is blown, and the second spring group 512 on the second acceleration grid module 7 contracts to drive the acceleration grid blades 54 to close toward the proximal end of the arc groove 531, so as to ensure that while the acceleration grid blades on the first acceleration grid module 5 are dispersed, the acceleration grid blades on the second acceleration grid module 7 are immediately merged to complete the automatic grid replacement.

Claims

1. A micro-nano satellite ion thruster can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ionization chamber (1), a screen grid (2), a grid mounting sleeve (3), an accelerating grid module and a grid cover (9) which are sequentially mounted together, and the ionization chamber (1) and the grid cover (9) at both ends are buckled together; the accelerating grid module comprises a first fixing ring (4), a first accelerating grid module (5), a fixing ring (6), a second accelerating grid module (7) and a second fixing ring (8) which are sequentially arranged, and the second accelerating grid module is arranged opposite to the first accelerating grid module; the first accelerating grid module (5) is provided with a power component (51) for controlling the first accelerating grid module (5) to spread out; and the second accelerating grid module (7) is provided with a driving component for controlling the second accelerating grid module (7) to close.

2. The micro-nano satellite ion thruster according to claim 1 can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: The ionization chamber (1) is provided with a first flange (11), and the grid cover (9) is provided with a second flange (91) matching the first flange (11), and the two are connected by bolts.

3. The micro-nano satellite ion thruster according to claim 2 can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: The first acceleration grid module (5) comprises an acceleration grid module bracket (53) in the shape of a circular ring, a plurality of acceleration grid blades (54) capable of blocking the circular holes on the acceleration grid module bracket (53) being slidably arranged on one side of the acceleration grid module bracket (53), and a power assembly (51) being arranged on the other side of the acceleration grid module bracket (53); the acceleration grid module bracket (53) is provided with a plurality of arc grooves (531) which are divergent and extend toward the edge, and the power assembly (51) is connected to the acceleration grid blades (54) via the arc grooves (531).

4. The micro-nano satellite ion thruster according to claim 3 can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: The power assembly (51) comprises a first spring group (511) and a second spring group (512) connected together, the first spring group (511) and the second spring group (512) are both connected to a cylindrical buckle (543) arranged on an acceleration grid blade (54), and the cylindrical buckle (543) is slidably arranged in an arc groove (531); a connecting head (5111) hingedly connected to an acceleration grid module bracket (53) is arranged at one end of the first spring group (511), and the connecting head (5111) is connected to a heating resistor (5112) , and a high-current fuse (5113) is arranged on the heating resistor (5112); the high-current fuse (5113) is connected to a first spring wire (5114), and the other end of the first spring wire (5114) is provided with a ring sleeve hinged on a cylindrical buckle (543); the ring sleeve is connected to a second spring group (512), and the second spring group (512) includes a second spring wire (5121) connected to the ring sleeve, and the other end of the second spring wire (5121) is provided with a connector (5111) and is hinged to the acceleration grid blade (54).

5. The micro-nano satellite ion thruster according to claim 3 can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: The acceleration grid module bracket (53) is provided with a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft connected to the connector (5111) in the power assembly (51); the first rotating shaft is arranged beside the proximal end of the arc groove (531), and the second rotating shaft is arranged beside the distal end of the adjacent arc groove (531).

6. The micro-nano satellite ion thruster according to claim 4 can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: A slide groove (541) is arranged on one side of the acceleration grid blade (54), and a slide support (542) which can cooperate with the slide groove (541) is arranged on the other side, and an isosceles triangle is formed between the slide groove (541) and the slide support (542) of the acceleration grid blade (54), so as to form a scattered state after moving along the arc groove (531).

7. The micro-nano satellite ion thruster according to claim 6 can automatically replace the grid module, characterized in that: The difference between the structure of the second acceleration grid module (7) and the structure of the first acceleration grid module (5) is that the second acceleration grid module (7) is provided with a driving component having the same structure as the power component (51) on the first acceleration grid module (5) but arranged in the opposite direction, so as to realize an opposite motion state.

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