A device for balancing excess axial load when pressurizing a chamber in a high-temperature environment

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of aero-engine strength test, and particularly relates to a redundant axial load balancing device during internal pressure loading of a casing under a high-temperature environment. An engine casing, a casing top cover, a casing bottom plate and a balancing base form a closed cavity, both ends of a balancing pull rod are connected with a balancing piston and the balancing base through upper and lower bases, respectively, a flange installation edge at the bottom end of an inner cylinder of the piston is fixed between the engine casing and the casing bottom plate, high-temperature and high-pressure air enters a cavity formed by the engine casing and the inner cylinder of the piston through an air inlet via a high-temperature and high-pressure pipeline, the temperature and internal pressure load of the engine casing are simulated, a larger pressure load caused by the high-pressure air is generated on an outer extension ring end face of the balancing piston, the load is transmitted to the casing bottom plate through the balancing pull rod and the balancing base, thereby avoiding that the casing top cover generates a redundant axial load under the action of the high-pressure air and transmits the redundant axial load to the engine casing, and the pressure strength test verification requirement of the engine casing under the high-temperature environment is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of aero-engine strength testing technology, and specifically relates to a device for balancing excess axial loads when the casing is pressurized under high temperature conditions. Background Technology

[0002] The engine casing is one of the main stator components in an aero-engine. It primarily supports the rotor and fixes the stator blades. Furthermore, the engine's thrust is transmitted to the aircraft's mounting system through the casing. The intermediate casing, in particular, is the most complex casing structure in terms of load-bearing capacity. It serves not only as the fulcrum for the rotor bearings but also as the forward mounting point for the aircraft's mounting system. Therefore, the casing is a crucial load-bearing and force-transmitting component of the engine. In addition, the casing is an important component forming the engine's airflow passage and is inevitably subjected to pressure loads from high-pressure airflow. Especially for the high-pressure compressor, combustion chamber, and turbine casings, it also bears thermal stress and creep fatigue caused by temperature loads from high-temperature air. Due to the complex loads on the casing, stator casing cracks and deformations caused by low-cycle fatigue, high-cycle fatigue, thermal stress, and creep frequently occur in actual aero-engine operation, posing serious hidden dangers to the normal operation of the engine.

[0003] According to various standards, specifications and airworthiness regulations for aero-engines in my country, high-temperature sealing tests, pressure tests and burst tests are required for the engine casing structure during the design, initial flight, and design finalization stages. The importance of casing pressure strength test verification for engine design and development is also clearly defined.

[0004] The existing technology has the following shortcomings: 1) It applies internal pressure load to the casing using hydraulic oil, but this is only applicable to simulating casing pressure load at room temperature, and there is no publicly reported method for balancing excess axial forces during internal pressure loading; 2) Existing casing excess force elimination devices cannot be applied to pressure strength tests of the casing structure under high-temperature conditions. Therefore, there are currently no publicly reported devices for balancing excess axial loads during internal pressure loading of the casing structure under high-temperature conditions, which cannot meet the requirements for pressure strength testing and verification of the casing under high-temperature conditions.

[0005] Therefore, it is desirable to have a technical solution to overcome or at least mitigate one of the aforementioned defects of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a device for balancing excess axial loads when the casing is pressurized under high temperature conditions, so as to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of this application is:

[0008] A device for balancing excess axial loads under internal pressure loading of a casing in a high-temperature environment, comprising:

[0009] The engine casing is cylindrical.

[0010] A casing top cover, which is fixedly installed on the top of the engine casing;

[0011] A piston inner cylinder, which is nested inside the engine casing, has an annular first cavity between the piston inner cylinder and the engine casing;

[0012] The engine casing, piston inner cylinder and engine casing are connected by bolts, and the engine casing has an opening at its center.

[0013] The top cover of the casing has a first through hole that communicates with the first cavity and is connected to a high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust pipe. The chassis of the casing has a second through hole that communicates with the first cavity and is connected to a high-temperature and high-pressure intake pipe.

[0014] A balance piston is disposed at the top of the piston inner cylinder, and the inner wall surface of the balance piston is in clearance fit with the piston inner cylinder, and the outer wall surface is in clearance fit with the top cover of the casing. An upper base is installed at the bottom end of the balance piston.

[0015] A balance base is installed at the opening of the chassis. A lower base is installed on the top of the balance base. A normal temperature and high pressure pipeline is installed on the balance base and is connected to the inside of the piston cylinder.

[0016] A balance rod, which, in conjunction with a ball joint pin, is connected to both the upper base and the lower base.

[0017] In at least one embodiment of this application, the connection between the casing top cover and the engine casing is sealed by an upper annular sealing ring.

[0018] In at least one embodiment of this application, the connection between the piston inner cylinder and the engine casing is sealed by a lower annular sealing ring.

[0019] In at least one embodiment of this application, a heat-insulating sealing gasket is provided between the piston inner cylinder and the casing chassis.

[0020] In at least one embodiment of this application, the balance piston and the piston inner cylinder are sealed by an inner wall sealing ring.

[0021] In at least one embodiment of this application, the balance piston and the casing top cover are sealed by an outer wall primary sealing ring and an outer wall secondary sealing ring.

[0022] In at least one embodiment of this application, a second cavity is provided between the balance piston and the top cover of the casing, and a drain hole communicating with the second cavity is provided on the top cover of the casing.

[0023] The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] The excess axial load balancing device for internal pressure loading of the casing under high temperature conditions of this application can balance and eliminate excess axial load when the casing is under internal pressure loading under high temperature conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for balancing excess axial loads when the casing is pressurized under high temperature conditions, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0026] in:

[0027] 1-Engine casing; 2-Casing base; 3-Balance base; 4-Casing top cover; 5-Piston inner cylinder; 6-Balance piston; 7-Upper base; 8-Balance tie rod; 9-Lower base; 10-Spherical hinge pin; 11-Outer wall primary sealing ring; 12-Outer wall secondary sealing ring; 13-Inner wall sealing ring; 14-Upper annular sealing ring; 15-Lower annular sealing ring; 16-Heat insulation gasket; 17-High temperature and high pressure exhaust pipe; 18-High temperature and high pressure intake pipe; 19-Normal temperature and high pressure pipe; 20-Drain hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] This application provides a device for balancing excess axial loads when the casing is pressurized under high temperature conditions, including a casing assembly and a load balancing assembly.

[0032] The casing assembly mainly constitutes the casing pressure load loading envelope cavity. The casing assembly mainly includes the engine casing 1, casing chassis 2, casing top cover 4, and piston inner cylinder 5. The load balancing assembly mainly realizes the balancing and elimination of excess axial loads generated when the casing structure is subjected to pressure load based on high temperature and high pressure air. The load balancing assembly mainly includes a balance base 3, a balance piston 6, a balance tie rod 8, an upper base 7, a lower base 9, and a ball joint pin 10.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in the casing assembly, the engine casing 1 is cylindrical with flange mounting edges at both ends. The casing top cover 4 is mounted on the top of the engine casing 1 and is directly flange-connected to the engine casing 1. Preferably, the connection between the casing top cover 4 and the engine casing 1 is sealed by an upper annular sealing ring 14. The piston inner cylinder 5 is coaxially nested inside the engine casing 1, and there is an annular first cavity between the piston inner cylinder 5 and the engine casing 1. Preferably, the connection between the piston inner cylinder 5 and the engine casing 1 is sealed by a lower annular sealing ring 15. The casing base 2 is located at the bottom end of the piston inner cylinder 5. The engine casing 1, piston inner cylinder 5, and casing base 2 are connected by bolts. Preferably, a heat-insulating sealing gasket 16 is provided between the piston inner cylinder 5 and the casing base 2, and an opening is provided at the center of the casing base 2. Furthermore, the top cover 4 of the casing has a first through hole communicating with the first cavity, which is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust pipe 17. The chassis 2 of the casing has a second through hole communicating with the first cavity, which is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure intake pipe 18. When high-temperature and high-pressure air flows through, the temperature and pressure loads on the inner surface of the engine casing 1 can be simulated. At the same time, the piston inner cylinder 5 forms an internal flow channel for high-temperature and high-pressure air, allowing the high-temperature and high-pressure air to circulate in the annular cavity formed by the engine casing 1 and the piston inner cylinder 5, further reducing the flow rate of the high-temperature and high-pressure air.

[0034] Furthermore, in the load balancing assembly, the balancing piston 6 is located at the top of the piston inner cylinder 5, and the inner wall surface of the balancing piston 6 is in clearance fit with the piston inner cylinder 5, and the outer wall surface is in clearance fit with the casing top cover 4. The balancing piston 6 has an extended ring, and the inner and outer surfaces of the extended ring are respectively fitted with the outer surface of the piston inner cylinder 5 and the inner surface of the casing top cover 4 with small gaps, allowing the balancing piston 6 to slide with small displacement between the piston inner cylinder 5 and the casing top cover 4. The balancing piston 6 and the piston inner cylinder 5 are sealed by the inner wall sealing ring 13, and the balancing piston 6 and the casing top cover 4 are sealed by the outer wall primary sealing ring 11 and the outer wall secondary sealing ring 12. There is a second cavity between the balancing piston 6 and the casing top cover 4, and the casing top cover 4 is provided with a drain hole 20 communicating with the second cavity to ensure that the high temperature and high pressure air leaking through the outer wall sealing ring is discharged in time. In addition, an upper base 7 is installed at the bottom of the balance piston 6, a balance base 3 is installed at the opening of the casing chassis 2, a lower base 9 is installed at the top of the balance base 3, a normal temperature high pressure pipeline 19 is installed on the balance base 3, and the normal temperature high pressure pipeline 19 is connected to the inside of the piston inner cylinder 5; the balance tie rod 8 is connected to the upper base 7 and the lower base 9 respectively with the ball joint pin shaft 10.

[0035] This application discloses a device for balancing excess axial loads under high-temperature conditions when the engine casing is pressurized. When high-temperature, high-pressure air is introduced into the annular cavity formed by the engine casing 1 and the piston inner cylinder 5, the outer ring end face of the balance piston 6 will experience upward displacement due to the high-pressure load. Therefore, a balance rod 8 is used to connect the balance piston 6 to the lower base 9 via the upper base 7, and fix it to the balance base 3. In this way, when the engine casing is pressurized, the surface bearing the excess axial load is moved from the top cover 4 of the casing to the outer ring end face of the balance piston 6, and the balance rod 8 achieves the balancing and elimination of the excess axial load. Simultaneously, room-temperature, high-pressure air enters the piston inner cylinder 5 through the room-temperature, high-pressure pipeline 19, which facilitates cooling of the piston inner cylinder 5 and reduces the pressure difference between the inner and outer walls of the piston inner cylinder 5.

[0036] The assembly process of the redundant axial load balancing device for internal pressure loading of the casing under high temperature conditions in this application is as follows:

[0037] (a) The engine casing 1, piston inner cylinder 5 and casing chassis 2 are connected in sequence by bolts, and the mating surfaces are sealed by the lower annular sealing ring 15 and the heat insulation sealing gasket 16 respectively.

[0038] (b) Connect the balance rod 8 to the upper base 7 and the lower base 9 via the ball joint pin 10, and fix the upper base 7 to the balance piston 6;

[0039] (c) The balance piston 6 is assembled with the piston inner cylinder 5 with a small gap, and the inner wall sealing ring 13 is used for sealing.

[0040] (d) Connect the balance base 3 to the lower base 9 with bolts and fix it to the chassis 2;

[0041] (e) The casing top cover 4 is assembled with the balance piston 6 with a small clearance, and the outer wall primary sealing ring 11 and the outer wall secondary sealing ring 12 are used for sealing.

[0042] (f) Thread the mounting edge of the top flange of the engine casing 1 to the top cover of the casing 4 and seal it with the upper annular sealing ring 14;

[0043] (g) Connecting external pipelines: Seal and connect the high-temperature and high-pressure intake pipeline 18, the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust pipeline 17 and the normal-temperature and high-pressure pipeline 19 to the chassis 2, the chassis top cover 4 and the balance base 3 respectively.

[0044] This application discloses a device for balancing excess axial loads under high-temperature conditions when the engine casing is pressurized. The engine casing 1, casing top cover 4, casing chassis 2, and balance base 3 are connected by flanges to form a sealed cavity. The balance rod 8 is connected at both ends to the balance piston 6 and balance base 3 via upper and lower bases, respectively. The inner and outer surfaces of the outer ring of the balance piston 6 contact the outer surface of the piston inner cylinder 5 and the inner surface of the casing top cover 4, respectively, and are sealed by gaskets. A flange mounting edge is provided at the bottom of the piston inner cylinder 5, fixing it between the engine casing 1 and the casing chassis 2. High-temperature, high-pressure air enters the cavity formed by the engine casing 1 and the piston inner cylinder 5 through a high-temperature, high-pressure pipe, simulating the temperature and internal pressure load of the engine casing 1. Simultaneously, a significant pressure load due to the high-pressure air is generated on the end face of the outer ring of the balance piston 6. This load is transmitted to the casing chassis 2 through the balance rod 8 and balance base 3, thus preventing the casing top cover 4 from generating excess axial load under high-pressure air and transmitting it to the engine casing 1. This application enables the balancing and elimination of excess axial loads introduced by the connection of the casing end face adapter fixture when loading temperature and internal pressure loads on aero-engine casings based on high-temperature and high-pressure air. This ensures the rationality and correctness of the load simulation for high-temperature and high-pressure strength tests of engine casings and meets the requirements for pressure strength test verification of engine casings under high-temperature environments.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for balancing excess axial load in a high-temperature environment when a cartridge is pressurized, characterized by, The utility model relates to an engine cylinder (1) is cylindrical, a cylinder top cover (4) is fixedly installed on the top end of the engine cylinder (1), a piston inner cylinder (5) is nested in the inside of the engine cylinder (1), and the piston inner cylinder (5) has annular first cavity with the engine cylinder (1), a cylinder bottom plate (2) is arranged on the bottom end of the piston inner cylinder (5), and the engine cylinder (1), the piston inner cylinder (5) and the cylinder bottom plate (2) are connected through bolt, and the center of the cylinder bottom plate (2) is provided with opening, wherein the first through hole of the cylinder top cover (4) is communicated with the first cavity, and the first through hole is connected with high temperature and high pressure exhaust pipeline (17), the second through hole of the cylinder bottom plate (2) is communicated with the first cavity, and the second through hole is connected with high temperature and high pressure intake pipeline (18), a balance piston (6) is arranged on the top end of the piston inner cylinder (5), and the inner wall surface of the balance piston (6) is gap fit with the piston inner cylinder (5), and the outer wall surface is gap fit with the cylinder top cover (4), and the bottom end of the balance piston (6) is installed with upper base (7), a balance base (3) is installed on the opening of the cylinder bottom plate (2), and the top end of the balance base (3) is installed with lower base (9), and the balance base (3) is installed with normal temperature and high pressure pipeline (19), and the normal temperature and high pressure pipeline (19) is communicated with the inside of the piston inner cylinder (5), a balance pull rod (8) is connected with the upper base (7) and the lower base (9) respectively through ball hinge pin shaft (10), The second cavity is formed between the balance piston (6) and the cylinder top cover (4), and a drain hole (20) is formed in the cylinder top cover (4) and communicated with the second cavity. The connection between the cylinder top cover (4) and the engine cylinder (1) is sealed by an upper annular sealing ring (14). The connection between the piston inner cylinder (5) and the engine cylinder (1) is sealed by a lower annular sealing ring (15). A heat insulation sealing gasket (16) is arranged between the piston inner cylinder (5) and the cylinder bottom plate (2). The balance piston (6) and the piston inner cylinder (5) are sealed by an inner wall sealing ring (13). The balance piston (6) and the cylinder top cover (4) are sealed by an outer wall primary sealing ring (11) and an outer wall secondary sealing ring (12). ​ ​ ​ 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by: ​ 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by: ​ 5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is characterized by: ​ 6. The device according to claim 1, wherein ​

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