An emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on optical fiber array

Abstract

This invention discloses an emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on an arrayed optical fiber. The system includes a front-mounted receiving lens, an arrayed optical fiber, a grating spectrometer, a detector, and a spectral data processor. The front-mounted receiving lens images the object to be diagnosed onto the arrayed optical fiber. The arrayed optical fiber connects to a camera for image positioning and simultaneously transmits the imaged optical information to the grating spectrometer for dispersion. The transmitted spectrometer outputs the image to the spectral data processor for analysis, ultimately obtaining the two-dimensional spatial spectral information of the object to be diagnosed. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system provided by this invention effectively solves the problem that traditional methods using spectrometers for single-diagnosis can only obtain one-dimensional spectral information, thus providing two-dimensional emission spectral information of the object to be diagnosed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plasma emission spectroscopy diagnostic technology, and more specifically, relates to an emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on an array of optical fibers. Background Technology

[0002] The breaking capacity of a vacuum circuit breaker is closely related to the movement and diffusion of microscopic particles (atoms, ions, and electrons) during the arcing process, the conditions of the contact surface, the contact structure (external magnetic field), and the contact material. In-depth research into the distribution characteristics and dynamic properties of microscopic particles during the arcing process, and targeted optimization of related influencing factors, is one of the main ways to improve the breaking capacity of vacuum circuit breakers. Designing a related optical observation system for plasma diagnostics, based on the distribution and dynamic characteristics of microscopic particles in a vacuum arc, is essential for studying the evolution of microscopic particles throughout the breaking process.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for diagnosing plasma electron density include colorimetry, probe methods, laser-induced fluorescence (LAF), and spectroscopy. However, colorimetry is limited by its computational principles and cannot measure the post-arc particle dissipation process or the characteristics of atoms and ions. Probe methods can only perform point-to-point or line-to-line measurements of plasma, and contact measurements can affect the distribution of the flow field under test, making it difficult to guarantee accurate electron density information. LAF has poor quantitative calculation accuracy, cannot measure electrons and metal ions, and laser generators are generally expensive. Spectroscopy can be divided into absorption spectroscopy and emission spectroscopy. It diagnoses electron density through spectral information and is a non-contact diagnostic technique. Emission spectroscopy is based on the theory of particle energy level transitions. It uses a spectrometer to separate characteristic spectral lines and combines local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions and the Shahab-Boltzmann equation to calculate electron temperature and electron density, as well as measure the distribution of atoms and ions.

[0004] However, due to the limitations of the long slit-type light input method and the dispersive principle of the spectrometer, the spectral measurement experiment can only obtain one-dimensional results corresponding to the input slit of the spectrometer, making it difficult to conduct a holistic spatial analysis of the plasma electron density. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an emission spectral diagnostic system for optical fiber arrays, which solves the problem that traditional methods of using spectrometers for direct single-time diagnosis can only obtain one-dimensional spectral information of microscopic particles during the arc burning process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an emission spectral diagnostic system based on an arrayed optical fiber, comprising a front receiving lens, an arrayed optical fiber, a grating spectrometer, a detector, and a spectral data processor. The arrayed optical fiber includes an input end face A, an output end face A, an input end face B, an output end face B, a first Y-type optical fiber splitter, and a second Y-type optical fiber splitter. The optical fibers in both the input end face A and the output end face A are arranged in a rectangular array. The rectangular array arrangement of the input end face A is divided into inner and outer layers, with the outer layer of the optical fiber array arrangement being the same as that of the output end face A. The input end face A is connected to one output end of the output end face A and the second Y-type optical fiber splitter through the first Y-type optical fiber splitter. The output end face B is connected to the input end of the second Y-type optical fiber splitter, and the other output end of the second Y-type optical fiber splitter is connected to the input end face B.

[0007] The front receiving lens is used to image the vacuum arc generated in the vacuum extinction chamber onto the light-incident end face A of the array fiber; the light-exiting end face B of the array fiber is used to transmit the two-dimensional light information of the rectangular array arrangement of the light-incident end face A in a one-dimensional arrangement to the grating spectrometer, detector and spectral data processor for spectral dispersion and two-dimensional reconstruction analysis to obtain the two-dimensional spatial spectral information of the vacuum arc; the light-incident end face B of the array fiber is used to receive the light from the calibration light source as reference light to distinguish and confirm each fiber point input to the grating spectrometer from the light-exit end face B; the light-exit end face A of the array fiber is used in conjunction with the camera to determine the area range of the vacuum arc captured by the front receiving lens.

[0008] The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers provided by this invention uses arrayed optical fibers with a specific structure as a light transmission device. It can transfer the two-dimensional light information of the rectangular array arrangement on the light-incident end face A to the one-dimensional arrangement on the light-out end face B and input it into the light-incident slit of the grating spectrometer, thereby realizing spectral measurement in a two-dimensional spatial range. At the same time, the reference optical fiber on the light-incident end face B can be used to distinguish and confirm each optical fiber point input into the spectrometer on the light-out end face B, and the position of the diagnostic object can be distinguished and confirmed through the light-out end face A.

[0009] In one embodiment, the area of ​​the inner fiber array in the light-incident end face A corresponds to the area of ​​the vacuum arc generated in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber to be captured. The number of fibers in the inner fiber array is selected according to the required capture resolution. The outer fiber array is an expansion of two or more layers on the basis of the inner fiber array.

[0010] The rectangular array area of ​​the light-emitting end face A matches the camera entrance; the optical fibers in the light-incident end face B are reference optical fibers, and their number is one more than the number of rows of inner optical fibers in the light-incident end face A; the optical fibers in the light-emitting end face B are arranged in a straight line, with each optical fiber closely arranged, and from left to right, they correspond one-to-one with each row or column of optical fibers in the inner optical fiber array of the light-incident end face A according to their numbers, and a reference optical fiber from the light-incident end face B is inserted between each row or column of optical fibers.

[0011] In one embodiment, the longitudinal spacing of the outer fiber array in the light-incident end face A is the same as the longitudinal spacing of its inner fiber array, and the lateral spacing of the outer fiber array is 1 / 4 of the lateral spacing of the inner fiber array.

[0012] In one embodiment, the calibration light source uses a light source that emits multiple resonant lines and whose wavelengths largely coincide with those of the observation area as a reference light.

[0013] In one embodiment, the detector is an ICCD detector.

[0014] In one embodiment, the grating spectrometer is a long slit imaging spectrometer.

[0015] In one embodiment, the front light-receiving lens includes multiple spherical lenses and an aperture structure, which images an inverted and reduced real image, used to reduce the image of the captured vacuum arc and project it onto the light-receiving end face A of the array fiber, with the image size matching the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving end face A. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on an array of optical fibers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-incident end face A provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-emitting end face A provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-incident end face B provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-emitting end face B provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0022] To address the limitation of traditional single-shot diagnostics using spectrometers, which only acquire one-dimensional spectral information of microscopic particles during the arc combustion process, this invention provides an emission spectral diagnostic system based on an arrayed optical fiber, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the emission spectroscopy diagnostic system includes a front receiving lens 3, an array fiber optic cable 5, a grating spectrometer 7, a detector 8, and a spectral data processor 9.

[0023] The array fiber 5 includes an input end face A 501, an output end face A 502, an input end face B 503, an output end face B 504, a first Y-type fiber optic splitter 505, and a second Y-type fiber optic splitter 506. The connection relationship is as follows: the input end face A 501 is connected to one output end of the output end face A 502 and the second Y-type fiber optic splitter 506 through the first Y-type fiber optic splitter 505, the output end face B 504 is connected to the input end of the second Y-type fiber optic splitter 506, and the other output end of the second Y-type fiber optic splitter 506 is connected to the input end face B 503.

[0024] In this embodiment, the optical fibers in the light-incident end face A 501 and the light-outcident end face A 502 of the array optical fiber 5 are arranged in a rectangular array. The rectangular array arrangement of the light-incident end face A 501 is divided into inner and outer layers, and the outer layer rectangular array arrangement is the same as the rectangular array arrangement of the light-outcident end face A 502.

[0025] The principle of the emission spectroscopy diagnostic system provided in this embodiment for acquiring two-dimensional spectral information of a vacuum arc is as follows: The front receiving lens 3 is set at the front end of the array fiber 5 to image the vacuum arc 2 generated in the vacuum interrupter 1 onto the light-incident end face A 501 of the array fiber 5. At the same time, the light-exiting end face B 504 of the array fiber 5 is used to transmit the two-dimensional light information of the rectangular array arrangement surface of the light-incident end face A 501 in a one-dimensional arrangement to the grating spectrometer 7, detector 8 and spectral data processor 9 for spectral dispersion and two-dimensional reconstruction analysis to obtain the two-dimensional spatial spectral information of the vacuum arc. The light-incident end face B 503 of the array fiber 5 is used to receive the light from the calibration light source 4 as a reference light to distinguish and confirm each fiber point input to the grating spectrometer 7 from the light-exiting end face B 504, so as to facilitate the two-dimensional information reconstruction analysis by the back-end spectral data processor 9.

[0026] Specifically, the arrangement of the inner fiber array of the light-incident end face A provided in this embodiment can be determined according to the area of ​​the vacuum arc to be photographed and the required resolution. The outer fiber array of the light-incident end face A can be two or more layers expanded outward based on the inner fiber array. The fiber in the light-incident end face B is a reference fiber, and its number can be set to the number of rows of the inner fiber array of the light-incident end face A plus one. The fibers in the light-exit end face B are arranged in a straight line, with each fiber closely arranged. From left to right, they can correspond one-to-one with each row or column of fibers in the inner fiber array of the light-incident end face A according to their numbers. A reference fiber from the light-incident end face B is inserted between each row or column of fibers to facilitate two-dimensional information reconstruction and analysis by the back-end spectral data processor 9.

[0027] In this embodiment, the light-emitting end face A 502 of the array fiber 5 is used in conjunction with the camera 6 to determine the actual area range of the vacuum arc captured by the front light-receiving lens 3. When the actual area range determined by the camera 6 does not correspond to the area range of the vacuum arc to be captured, the position of the front light-receiving lens 3 is adjusted until the area range determined by the camera 6 corresponds to the area range of the vacuum arc to be captured, which can effectively avoid the front light-receiving lens 3 capturing the wrong position. Specifically, the rectangular array arrangement area of ​​the light-emitting end face A 502 is matched with the camera inlet.

[0028] The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers provided in this embodiment uses arrayed optical fibers with a specific structure as a light transmission device. It can transfer the two-dimensional light information of the rectangular array arrangement on the light-incident end face A to the one-dimensional arrangement on the light-out end face B and input it into the light-incident slit of the grating spectrometer to realize spectral measurement in two-dimensional space. At the same time, the reference optical fiber on the light-incident end face B can be used to distinguish and confirm each optical fiber point input into the spectrometer on the light-out end face B, and the position of the diagnostic object can be distinguished and confirmed through the light-out end face A.

[0029] The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the emission spectrum diagnostic system based on arrayed fiber provided in this embodiment includes a front receiving lens 3, a calibration light source 4, an arrayed fiber 5, a camera 6, a grating spectrometer 7, an ICCD detector 8, and a spectral data processor (which can be a computer) 9. The diagnostic object in this embodiment is the vacuum arc 2 generated in the vacuum interrupter 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the front receiving lens 3 images the diagnostic object onto the light-incident end face A 501 of the array fiber 5. The array fiber 5 then transmits the optical signal of the diagnostic object through the light-out end face B 504 to the grating spectrometer 7. The light-incident end face B 503 receives the light from the calibration light source 4 as reference light, and the light-out end face A 502 outputs the light to the camera 6 for observation to determine the light-incident end face A. The range of light information received by 501 determines the actual location of the object being diagnosed by the system. Finally, the input light signal is split by the grating spectrometer 7. Since the grating spectrometer can only input a single-slit light signal and split a single light signal, the two-dimensional space of the object being diagnosed is disassembled and rearranged into a strip shape according to the number through the array fiber 5 and input into the grating spectrometer for analysis. The obtained spectral results are output to the ICCD detector 8, which acts as a camera to capture the spectrometer results. The captured spectral image is transmitted to the spectral data acquisition software of the computer 9. The spectral data acquisition software unfolds the spectrum of each array fiber of the grating spectrometer and restores it to the original two-dimensional diagnostic area according to the number, thus obtaining the two-dimensional emission spectrum information of the object being diagnosed.

[0032] In this embodiment, the front receiving lens 3 includes multiple spherical lenses and an aperture structure, imaging an inverted and reduced real image. It reduces the vacuum arc 2 generated within the vacuum interrupter chamber 1 of the diagnostic object and projects it onto the light-receiving end face A 501 of the array fiber optic 5. The image size matches the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving end face A 501. The grating spectrometer 7 is a long slit imaging spectrometer.

[0033] Cross-sectional diagrams of the array fiber 5 are shown below. Figures 2-5 As shown, it includes an input optical end face A 501, an output optical end face A 502, an input optical end face B 503, an output optical end face B 504, a Y-type fiber optic splitter 1 505, and a Y-type fiber optic splitter 2 506.

[0034] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the light-incident end face A 501 is arranged in a rectangular array, divided into inner and outer layers. The inner fiber array consists of 90 fibers in 9 rows and 10 columns. The area of ​​the inner fiber array is the same as the image size of the diagnostic object after passing through the front receiving lens 3. The fibers are arranged at equal intervals. The outer fiber array expands outward by two rows and two layers based on the inner fiber array. The longitudinal spacing of the outer fiber array is the same as that of the inner layer, and the lateral spacing is 1 / 4 of the lateral spacing of the inner fiber array.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the light-emitting end face A 502 is also arranged in a rectangular array, and the array surface is completely consistent with the outer layer of the light-incident end face A 501. Figure 4As shown, the optical fiber in the light-incident end face B 503 is a reference fiber used to receive the reference light emitted by the calibration light source 4. There are no special requirements for its optical arrangement. The number of optical fibers in the light-incident end face B 503 is the number of rows of inner-layer optical fibers in the light-incident end face A 501 plus one. Figure 2 The inner fiber of the A501 incident light end face has 9 rows, therefore Figure 4 The B503 optical fiber input end face has 10 optical fibers. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the optical fibers in the output end face B 504 are arranged in a straight line and are closely arranged. From left to right, they correspond one-to-one with each row of optical fibers in the inner layer of the input end face A 501. A reference optical fiber from the input end face B (503) is inserted between each row of 10 optical fibers.

[0036] The light-incident end face A 501 provided in this embodiment is used to receive the image after passing through the front light-receiving lens 3. The inner layer is the actual diagnostic area, and the outer layer is the positioning area. The light-exit end face A 502 is used to transmit the outer layer image and to observe and determine the actual diagnostic area range of the inner layer. The light-incident end face B 503 is used to transmit the reference light and plays a calibration role. The light-exit end face B 504 is used to transmit the information of the actual diagnostic area to the grating spectrometer 7.

[0037] The calibration light source 4 uses a light source with more emission resonance lines and wavelengths that largely coincide with the observation area as calibration light. It is transmitted through the light input end face B 503 to the light output end face B 504, and then input into the grating spectrometer 7 for wavelength calibration of the spectrum. It also serves as a marker indicating the boundary of each group of light output end faces B 504.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber optic emission spectroscopy diagnostic system, characterized in that, The device includes a front-mounted light-receiving lens, an array of optical fibers, a grating spectrometer, a detector, and a spectral data processor. The array of optical fibers includes an input end face A, an output end face A, an input end face B, an output end face B, a first Y-type optical fiber splitter, and a second Y-type optical fiber splitter. The optical fibers in both the input end face A and the output end face A are arranged in a rectangular array. The rectangular array arrangement of the input end face A is divided into inner and outer layers. The outer layer of the optical fiber array arrangement is the same as that of the output end face A. The input end face A is connected to one output end of the output end face A and the second Y-type optical fiber splitter through the first Y-type optical fiber splitter. The output end face B is connected to the input end of the second Y-type optical fiber splitter. The other output end of the second Y-type optical fiber splitter is connected to the input end face B. The front receiving lens is used to image the vacuum arc generated in the vacuum extinction chamber onto the light-incident end face A of the array fiber; the light-exiting end face B of the array fiber is used to transmit the two-dimensional light information of the rectangular array arrangement of the light-incident end face A in a one-dimensional arrangement to the grating spectrometer, detector and spectral data processor for spectral dispersion and two-dimensional reconstruction analysis to obtain the two-dimensional spatial spectral information of the vacuum arc; the light-incident end face B of the array fiber is used to receive the light from the calibration light source as reference light to distinguish and confirm each fiber point input to the grating spectrometer from the light-exit end face B; the light-exit end face A of the array fiber is used in conjunction with the camera to determine the area range of the vacuum arc captured by the front receiving lens.

2. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the light-incident end face A, the area of ​​its inner fiber array corresponds to the area of ​​the vacuum arc generated in the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber to be captured. The number of fibers in the inner fiber array is selected according to the required capture resolution. The outer fiber array is an expansion of two or more layers on the basis of the inner fiber array. The rectangular array area of ​​the light-emitting end face A matches the camera entrance; the optical fibers in the light-incident end face B are reference optical fibers, and their number is one more than the number of rows of inner optical fibers in the light-incident end face A; the optical fibers in the light-emitting end face B are arranged in a straight line, with each optical fiber closely arranged, and from left to right, they correspond one-to-one with each row or column of optical fibers in the inner optical fiber array of the light-incident end face A according to their numbers, and a reference optical fiber from the light-incident end face B is inserted between each row or column of optical fibers.

3. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal spacing of the outer fiber array in the light-incident end face A is the same as the longitudinal spacing of its inner fiber array, and the lateral spacing of the outer fiber array is 1 / 4 of the lateral spacing of the inner fiber array.

4. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration light source uses a light source that emits multiple resonant lines and whose wavelengths largely coincide with those of the observation area as a reference light.

5. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector is an ICCD detector.

6. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grating spectrometer is a long slit imaging spectrometer.

7. The emission spectroscopy diagnostic system based on arrayed optical fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front light-receiving lens includes multiple spherical lenses and an aperture structure, which forms an inverted and reduced real image. It is used to reduce the size of the captured vacuum arc and image it onto the light-receiving end face A of the array fiber. The image size matches the light-receiving surface of the light-receiving end face A.

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