A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for rotor system support structure

Abstract

This invention discloses a vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure, used to reduce rotor vibration response. The device consists of a metal-rubber assembly and a fixed base assembly, with the metal-rubber assembly installed within the fixed base assembly. The metal-rubber assembly includes a metal-rubber element, a mass block, bolts, and nuts; the metal-rubber element is made of shape memory alloy wire. The fixed base assembly includes a supporting outer ring, an end cap, a supporting inner ring, and a limiting ring. This invention combines the advantages of both a vibration absorber and a damper, possessing efficient and stable vibration reduction performance, and can be used in vibration reduction design for rotor systems under various operating conditions. As a vibration absorber, the metal-rubber element provides stiffness, and the mass block is the vibrating mass; by adjusting the stiffness of the metal-rubber element, efficient absorption of rotor vibration energy is achieved. As a damper, the helical wires inside the metal-rubber element undergo relative motion during vibration, generating frictional energy dissipation, thus achieving efficient dissipation of rotor vibration energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vibration control of rotating machinery, and particularly relates to a vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rotating machinery is widely used in aero-engines, gas turbines, industrial compressors and various electric motors, etc. The rotor system composed of a rotor, bearings and a support structure is one of the core components of the rotating machinery. Excessive vibration of the rotor system not only easily causes faults of the rotor system, but also often becomes an important excitation source of vibration of other structures such as a force frame. Therefore, the vibration problem of the rotor system is related to not only the performance and safety of the rotor system itself, but also the dynamic response level and working performance of the aero-engine or other rotating machinery.

[0003] Since the 1960s, squeeze film dampers have been widely used in high-speed rotating machinery due to their simple structure and light weight, etc. The squeeze film dampers achieve the vibration reduction effect through viscous friction damping generated by the flow of the oil film and lubricating oil in the annular gap. However, when the vibration response of the rotor is too large and exceeds the design range, the oil film force will show high nonlinearity, thereby causing a series of nonlinear vibration problems such as bistable response, lock-in, non-coordinated precession and even chaos.

[0004] In order to solve the problem of unstable damping characteristics of the squeeze film dampers, metal rubber support damping devices have been proposed. The metal rubber is applied to dissipate vibration energy through dry friction between the metal wires when they slide relative to each other. The application of the metal rubber to the development of support structures of aerospace rotor systems has a long academic research and engineering foundation, and has shown good damping performance and structural reliability in practical applications. However, the vibration reduction device still has many common problems of dampers. The damping effect is only significant for the vibration response close to the critical speed, and the vibration reduction performance for the rotor system in a non-critical state is weak, and the device cannot provide good damping effect for each working condition in the full speed range of the rotor.

[0005] At present, the commonly used vibration reduction devices for rotor system support structures are mainly damping vibration reduction such as squeeze film dampers, metal rubber, etc. They are mainly used to reduce the vibration response of the rotor passing through the critical speed, and have the following limitations: (1) When the vibration of the rotor is intensified, additional nonlinear support stiffness is generated for the rotor system, which causes vibration deterioration problems; (2) For non-critical working conditions, the damping effect cannot be fully utilized, and the vibration reduction performance is weak. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure, which is not only simple in structure and stable in vibration reduction performance, but also has the ability to reduce vibration in multiple working conditions, and can efficiently absorb and dissipate the vibration energy of the rotor, thereby reducing the vibration response of the engine rotor in multiple working conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] A vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure is used to reduce the vibration response of the rotor in multiple working conditions, and is installed between the rotor and the force-bearing casing of the engine, and is composed of a metal rubber assembly and a fixing seat assembly, wherein the metal rubber assembly is located in the fixing seat assembly.

[0009] The metal rubber assembly comprises an upper metal rubber element, a lower metal rubber element, a left mass block, a right mass block, a bolt and a nut. The left mass block and the right mass block are symmetrical in structure and are provided with through holes at the center positions, and the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are located between the left mass block and the right mass block. The bolt passes through the left mass block and the right mass block in sequence and is tightened with the nut to form the metal rubber assembly.

[0010] The fixing seat assembly comprises a supporting outer ring, an end cover, a supporting inner ring and a limiting ring. The supporting inner ring is provided with an outer flange, an outer wall surface and an annular groove. The annular groove of the supporting inner ring is used to install the limiting ring. The supporting outer ring is provided with an inner flange, an inner wall surface and a flange edge. The outer side of the metal rubber assembly is axially positioned by the inner flange of the supporting outer ring, is axially compressed by the end cover and is circumferentially positioned by the inner wall surface of the supporting outer ring. The inner side of the metal rubber assembly is axially positioned by the outer flange of the supporting inner ring, is axially compressed by the limiting ring and is circumferentially positioned by the outer wall surface of the supporting inner ring. The supporting inner ring and the squirrel-cage spring are in interference fit to achieve the radial fixation of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device. The squirrel-cage spring is connected to the right conical shell in the force-bearing casing of the engine through the bolt. The vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device is connected to the left conical shell in the force-bearing casing of the engine through the bolt passing through the flange edge of the end cover and the flange edge of the supporting outer ring in sequence.

[0011] Further, the mass of the left mass block and the right mass block and the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element jointly determine the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device, and the mass and the stiffness are designed according to the actual vibration environment of the aero-engine rotor system.

[0012] Further, the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are made of shape memory alloy wires, the stiffness of which is regulated by temperature, and the metal rubber element has different stiffness characteristics at different temperatures.

[0013] Further, a plurality of identical metal rubber assemblies are evenly distributed in the fixing seat assembly in the circumferential direction, and the number of the metal rubber assemblies is at least 8, so that the vibration absorbing and energy consuming device has good vibration absorbing and energy consuming performance in multiple vibration directions.

[0014] Further, as a vibration absorber, the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element is regulated by changing the temperature, and then the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed, so that the vibration absorbing and energy consuming device can efficiently absorb the vibration energy of the rotor.

[0015] Further, for the simple harmonic excitation caused by the rotor imbalance, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to be close to the rotor speed frequency, so that efficient vibration absorption is realized.

[0016] Further, for the impact excitation or white noise excitation applied by the outside world, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to be close to the main frequency of the rotor vibration under the action of the external excitation, so that efficient vibration absorption is realized.

[0017] Further, as a damper, when the rotor vibrates, the deformation occurs at the squirrel cage spring support, and the relative slip occurs between the metal spiral wires in the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element, so that the mechanical energy of vibration is converted into internal energy dissipation through dry friction, and the damping vibration reduction effect is achieved.

[0018] The vibration absorbing and energy consuming device for the rotor system supporting structure has the following advantages:

[0019] (1) The metal rubber element is used as the damping material in the present application, which has stable linear stiffness in a large deformation range and has stable vibration reduction performance.

[0020] (2) The stiffness of the vibration absorbing and energy consuming device proposed in the present application is much lower than that of the squirrel cage spring support, and the additional stiffness generated is small, so that the influence on the dynamic characteristics of the rotor system is small.

[0021] (3) The vibration absorbing and energy consuming device proposed in the present application has the advantages of both vibration absorber and damper, and can efficiently realize the absorption and dissipation of rotor vibration energy.

[0022] (4) The metal rubber element in the present application is made of shape memory alloy wires, and the stiffness thereof is regulated by temperature. By changing the temperature, the stiffness of the metal rubber element is adjusted, and then the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed, so as to adapt to the vibration reduction requirements under various working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined structure of a rotor-bearing frame and a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0024] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a combined structure of a squirrel-cage bearing and a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0025] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0026] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a sectional view of a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0027] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is an exploded view of a metal-rubber assembly in a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0028] Figure 6 Fig. 6 is an exploded view of a fixing seat assembly in a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0029] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a support outer ring and a support inner ring in a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0030] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of vibration responses of a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure and a commonly used support damping device under unbalanced excitation.

[0031] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of vibration responses of a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure and a commonly used support damping device under impact excitation.

[0032] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined structure of a rotor-bearing frame and a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure.

[0033] Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a support outer ring and a support inner ring in a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical solutions and key points of the present application more clear, the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Figures 1-9

[0035] As Figures 1-7 ​As shown, the embodiment of the present application relates to a vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for a rotor system support structure, which is used to reduce the vibration response of the rotor under various working conditions, and has the advantages of both vibration absorber and damper, and can efficiently realize the absorption and dissipation of the rotor vibration energy.

[0036] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device for the rotor system support structure of the present application is installed between the rotor 13 and the force casing. As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device is composed of a metal rubber assembly and a fixing seat assembly, wherein the metal rubber assembly is located in the fixing seat assembly.

[0037] The metal rubber assembly, as shown in Figure 5 , comprises an upper metal rubber element 1, a lower metal rubber element 2, a left mass block 3, a right mass block 4, a bolt 5 and a nut 6. The left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4 are the same in structure, symmetrically arranged, and provided with through holes at the center positions. The upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 are located between the left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4. The bolt 5 passes through the left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4 in sequence, and is then tightened with the nut 6, thereby constituting the metal rubber assembly.

[0038] The fixing seat assembly, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , comprises a support outer ring 7, an end cover 8, a support inner ring 10 and a limiting ring 9. The support inner ring 10 is provided with an outer flange 10A, an outer wall surface 10B and an annular groove 10C. The annular groove 10C of the support inner ring 10 is used to install the limiting ring 9. The support outer ring 7 is provided with an inner flange 7A, an inner wall surface 7B and a flange edge 7C. The outer side of the metal rubber assembly is axially positioned by the inner flange 7A of the support outer ring 7, axially compressed by the end cover 8, and circumferentially positioned by the inner wall surface 7B of the support outer ring 7. The inner side of the metal rubber assembly is axially positioned by the outer flange 10A of the support inner ring 10, axially compressed by the limiting ring 9, and circumferentially positioned by the outer wall surface 10B of the support inner ring 10. The support inner ring 10 and the squirrel-cage spring 11 are in interference fit, thereby realizing the radial fixation of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device. The squirrel-cage spring 11 is connected with the right conical shell 15 in the engine force casing through a bolt. The vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating structure is connected with the left conical shell 14 in the engine force casing through a bolt which sequentially passes through the end cover 8 and the flange edge 7C of the support outer ring 7. The squirrel-cage spring 11 is provided with a bearing positioning edge 11A, which is used for the axial positioning of the bearing 12.

[0039] The mass of the left mass block 3 and the right mass block 4 and the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 jointly determine the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device, and the mass and the stiffness are designed according to the actual vibration environment of the rotor system of the aero-engine. The upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 are selected to be shape memory alloy wires, the stiffness of which is controlled by temperature, and the metal rubber elements exhibit different stiffness characteristics at different temperatures.

[0040] As shown in Figure 3 The metal rubber assemblies are evenly distributed in the fixing seat assembly in the circumferential direction, and the number of the metal rubber assemblies is at least 8, so as to ensure that the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device has good vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating performance in multiple vibration directions.

[0041] The vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device has the advantages of both a vibration absorber and a damper. As a vibration absorber, by changing the temperature, the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2 is controlled, and then the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed, so that the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device can efficiently absorb the vibration energy of the rotor. For the simple harmonic excitation caused by the unbalance of the rotor 13, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to be close to the rotational frequency of the rotor 13, so as to achieve efficient vibration absorption. For the impact excitation or white noise excitation applied by the outside world, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to be close to the main frequency of the vibration of the rotor 13 under the action of the external excitation, so as to achieve efficient vibration absorption. As a damper, when the rotor 13 vibrates, the deformation occurs at the squirrel cage spring support 11, and the relative slip occurs between the metal spiral wires in the upper metal rubber element 1 and the lower metal rubber element 2, so that the mechanical energy of vibration is converted into internal energy dissipation through dry friction, and the damping vibration reduction effect is achieved.

[0042] Figure 8 is the vibration response curve of the rotor system under the action of unbalance excitation. In the figure, the black solid line is the vibration response of the rotor system with a general supporting damping device, and the black dashed line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device, and the damping coefficients of the supporting damping device and the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device are the same. It can be seen that compared with the general supporting damping device, the vibration-absorbing energy-dissipating device has more obvious damping effect on the resonance peak of the rotor system, and can realize efficient absorption and dissipation of the vibration energy of the rotor under the action of unbalance excitation.

[0043] Figure 9The black solid line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the general supporting damping device, and the black dotted line is the vibration response of the rotor system with the vibration-absorbing energy dissipation device. The damping coefficients of the supporting damping device and the vibration-absorbing energy dissipation device are the same. The root mean square value of the rotor system with the general supporting damping device decreases by 30% in the free vibration stage, and the root mean square value of the rotor system with the vibration-absorbing energy dissipation device decreases by 88% in the free vibration stage. It can be seen that, compared with the general supporting damping device, the vibration-absorbing energy dissipation device has more obvious damping effect on the wide-frequency vibration of the rotor system, and can realize high-efficiency absorption and dissipation of the vibration energy of the rotor under the impact excitation or white noise excitation.

[0044] The above merely illustrates the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A vibration absorbing energy dissipation device for a rotor system support structure, characterized by: The application relates to a kind of vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating devices, which are installed between squirrel cage spring and bearing frame, and simultaneously act as vibration absorber and damper to realize high-efficiency absorption and dissipation of rotor vibration energy. The vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device is composed of a metal rubber assembly and a fixing seat assembly, and the metal rubber assembly is located in the fixing seat assembly. The metal rubber assembly includes an upper metal rubber element, a lower metal rubber element, a left mass block, a right mass block, a bolt and a nut. The fixing seat assembly includes a supporting outer ring, an end cover, a supporting inner ring and a limiting ring. The outer side of the metal rubber assembly is axially positioned by the inner flange of the supporting outer ring, axially compressed by the end cover and circumferentially positioned by the inner wall surface of the supporting outer ring. The supporting inner ring is in interference fit with the squirrel cage spring to realize radial fixation of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device.

2. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left mass block and the right mass block are connected to the right conical shell in the engine bearing case through the bolt.

3. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element determines the natural frequency of the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device.

4. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element are made of shape memory alloy wires, and their stiffness is controlled by temperature.

5. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of identical metal rubber assemblies are uniformly distributed in the fixing seat assembly, and the number of the metal rubber assemblies is at least 8 to ensure that the vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating device has good vibration-absorbing and energy-dissipating performance in multiple vibration directions.

6. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: As a vibration absorber, the stiffness of the upper metal rubber element and the lower metal rubber element is controlled by changing the temperature, thereby changing the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly and realizing high-efficiency absorption of rotor vibration energy.

7. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: For simple harmonic excitation caused by rotor unbalance, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to be close to the rotor speed frequency to realize high-efficiency vibration absorption. For impact excitation or white noise excitation applied by the outside world, the natural frequency of the metal rubber assembly is changed to be close to the main frequency of rotor vibration under the action of external excitation to realize high-efficiency vibration absorption.

8. A vibration absorbing and energy dissipating device for a rotor system support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: As a damper, when the rotor vibrates, the deformation occurs at the squirrel cage elastic support, the relative slip occurs between the metal helical wires inside the upper and lower metal rubber elements, the mechanical energy of vibration is converted into internal energy dissipation through dry friction, and the damping vibration reduction effect is achieved.

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