Method for promoting tobacco growth and improving disease resistance

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for promoting tobacco growth and improving disease resistance, specifically through the combined use of Indian piriform spore and Neoamerica. This method utilizes Neoamerica for tobacco cultivation for the first time and finds that Indian piriform spore and Neoamerica have a synergistic effect. Compared with using either Indian piriform spore or Neoamerica alone, the method can comprehensively improve tobacco plant height, branch number, stem girth, aboveground fresh weight, belowground fresh weight, maximum leaf length, and maximum leaf width, reduce disease incidence, and simultaneously increase the economic value of tobacco.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a method for promoting tobacco growth and improving disease resistance. Background Art

[0002] Piriformospora indica is an important beneficial endophytic fungus that colonizes the epidermis, cortical cells, and intercellular spaces of the roots of various plants. It belongs to the phylum Basidiomycota, class Hymenomycetes, and genus Piriformospora. Its effects are very similar to those of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: it promotes plant growth, increases biomass and yield, enhances plant absorption and utilization of nutrients and minerals, and improves plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Piriformospora indica has the advantage of being able to grow on culture media, potentially paving the way for its widespread application in agriculture and horticulture.

[0003] Tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.) is an important economic crop belonging to the genus Nicotiana in the Solanaceae family. During its growth, tobacco is susceptible to both biotic and abiotic damage, which can affect its quality. While chemical pest control can effectively control the occurrence of pests and diseases, it can also lead to problems such as pesticide resistance, pesticide residues, and environmental pollution.

[0004] Existing research has shown that P. indica can colonize tobacco roots, reducing the levels of heavy metals such as chromium, cadmium, and lead in tobacco, while also enhancing its drought resistance. This provides a technical basis for the application of P. indica in tobacco production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for promoting tobacco growth and improving its disease resistance by utilizing the synergistic effect of Indian piriform spore and Neoamericanopsis. Compared with the single application of Indian piriform spore, this method can significantly improve the agronomic traits and disease resistance of tobacco, and further increase the economic value of tobacco.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for promoting tobacco growth and improving disease resistance, specifically comprising: significantly improving tobacco agronomic traits and reducing the occurrence of tobacco diseases through the synergistic effect of Indian pear-shaped spores and New American Star.

[0008] New American Star is a liquid fertilizer developed by the Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences using organic mineral technology from the United States. It's commonly applied to crops like rice and wheat, promoting increased yield and early maturity. However, its application to tobacco has not been reported. This study found that by controlling the colonization of Indian Piriform Spore and applying New American Star, the two have a synergistic effect, significantly improving tobacco agronomic traits and reducing morbidity. This effect is significantly superior to using either Indian Piriform Spore or New American Star alone.

[0009] In the above method, the application method of Indian piriform spore is root treatment.

[0010] Furthermore, the root treatment is specifically as follows: when transplanting tobacco, the roots are wetted with an aqueous solution containing Indian piriform spores and the roots are irrigated; 14 to 21 days after transplanting, the roots are irrigated with an aqueous solution containing Indian piriform spores.

[0011] Furthermore, the preparation method of the aqueous solution containing Indian piriform spores is: inoculating Indian piriform spore blocks into potato sucrose liquid culture medium, placing it in a shaker at 25°C and 140 rpm for 5-7 days to obtain an Indian piriform spore spore suspension, and then diluting the Indian piriform spore spore suspension with water 45 to 55 times.

[0012] In the above method, the application method of New American Star is foliar spraying.

[0013] Furthermore, the application time of New America Star is the tobacco seedling stage.

[0014] Furthermore, the application rate of New America Star is 60 to 90 mL / mu.

[0015] In the above method, the tobacco agronomic traits include tobacco plant height, branch number, stem girth, aboveground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width.

[0016] In the above method, the tobacco diseases include white spot disease, brown spot disease and brown spot disease.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: compared with using Indian piriform spore or Neoamerican star alone, the present invention can significantly promote tobacco growth and development, reduce the occurrence of tobacco diseases, and improve the economic value of tobacco by treating tobacco with a combination of Indian piriform spore and Neoamerican star. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A comparison chart showing the effects of various treatments on tobacco growth and development. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

[0020] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all methods are conventional methods; the reagents and materials described, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] In this case, Indian pear-shaped spores (provided by the Microbiology Laboratory of Yangtze University) and New American Star were used to treat tobacco (recorded as treatment group T1). The experimental area was 0.3 mu. The specific treatment method is as follows:

[0023] (1) Application of Indian pear-shaped spore.

[0024] Inoculate a spore suspension of Indian piriform spores into a potato sucrose liquid medium and incubate in a shaker at 25°C and 140 rpm for 5-7 days to obtain an Indian piriform spore suspension. When transplanting tobacco, first apply the diluted solution to the roots (take 0.4 L of the suspension per mu and dilute with 20 kg of water), then irrigate the roots (take 3 L of the suspension per mu and dilute with 150 kg of water for drip irrigation or watering). 18 days after transplanting, irrigate the roots again (take 3 L of the sample per mu and dilute with 150 kg of water for drip irrigation or watering).

[0025] (2) During the tobacco seedling stage, take 80 mL of New America Star, add 30 kg of water and mix well, then spray with a sprayer.

[0026] (3) Routine management should be carried out during tobacco cultivation.

[0027] Comparative Example 1

[0028] In this case, no New American Star was applied, only Indian pear-shaped spore was applied, and tobacco was managed conventionally (denoted as treatment group T2). The method was consistent with the conditions in Example 1, and the experimental area was 0.3 mu.

[0029] Comparative Example 2

[0030] In this example, no Indian piriform spore was used (i.e., no Indian piriform spore suspension was added during root dipping or root irrigation), only New American Star was applied, and tobacco was managed conventionally (denoted as treatment group T3). Other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the experimental area was 0.3 mu.

[0031] Comparative Example 3

[0032] In this example, only conventional management was performed on tobacco (recorded as the control group CK), and the management method was consistent with that in Example 1. The experimental area was 0.3 mu.

[0033] Four and eight weeks after transplanting, the growth status of tobacco in each case was counted, and the effect of each treatment on tobacco growth was calculated. The specific results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0034] Table 1 Effects of each treatment on the main agronomic traits 4 weeks after transplanting

[0035]

[0036] As shown in Table 1, 4 weeks after transplanting, all treatments increased the plant height, branch number and stem girth of tobacco; the maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width did not change significantly after treatment with Neoamericanopsis alone, while the maximum leaf length and maximum leaf width were significantly increased after treatment with Piriformis indica alone or in combination with Piriformis indica.

[0037] Table 2 Effects of each treatment on the main agronomic traits 8 weeks after transplanting

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Table 2 shows that eight weeks after transplanting, all major agronomic traits of tobacco plants significantly increased, promoting their growth and development. Among all treatments, the combination of Piriformis indica and Neo-American Star showed the best results. Combining the results in Tables 1 and 2, the combination of Piriformis indica and Neo-American Star comprehensively improved major agronomic traits of tobacco plants, including plant height, branch number, stem girth, aboveground fresh weight, belowground fresh weight, maximum leaf length, and maximum leaf width.

[0041] The disease incidence of each treatment group was calculated, where the disease incidence (%) = number of diseased leaves / total number of leaves × 100%, and the disease index = ∑ (number of diseased leaves at each level × value of the disease level) / (total number of leaves surveyed × highest level value) × 100%. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0042] Table 3 Leaf data survey table of tobacco leaf diseases (mainly white spot disease, brown spot disease, and red star disease) in each treatment group

[0043]

[0044] As can be seen from the above table, compared with the control, the incidence rate and disease index of tobacco leaf diseases were reduced after using Indian pear-shaped spore or New American Star, and the combination of Indian pear-shaped spore and New American Star had the best treatment effect, significantly reducing the incidence rate and disease index. The incidence rate was only 0.6% and the disease index was 0.07.

[0045] Overall, the combined treatment of Indian pear-shaped spore and New American Star can significantly promote the growth and development of tobacco and reduce the occurrence of tobacco diseases such as white spot disease, brown spot disease, and red star disease.

[0046] The economic traits of tobacco in each treatment group were counted and calculated, as shown in Table 4.

[0047] Table 4 Effects of each treatment on the main economic traits of tobacco

[0048]

[0049] It can be seen from the above table that compared with the control, the use of Indian pear-shaped spore or New American Star increased the per-acre yield of tobacco, the rate of high-quality tobacco increased, and the per-acre output value increased. In addition, the combined use of Indian pear-shaped spore and New American Star significantly increased the economic value of tobacco.

[0050] In summary, compared with the use of Indian piriform spore or Neoamerican Star alone, the combined use of Indian piriform spore and Neoamerican Star can significantly improve the agronomic traits and disease resistance of tobacco, and further increase the economic value of tobacco.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving tobacco disease resistance, characterized in that: The synergistic effect of Indian pear-shaped spore and New American Star significantly reduces the disease index of tobacco diseases. The Indian pear-shaped spore is applied by root treatment, and the root treatment is specifically as follows: when transplanting tobacco, the roots are dipped and irrigated with an aqueous solution containing Indian pear-shaped spore spores, and the roots are irrigated with an aqueous solution containing Indian pear-shaped spore spores 14 to 21 days after transplanting. The New American Star is applied by foliar spraying during the tobacco seedling stage, and the application amount is 80 mL / mu.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the aqueous solution containing Indian piriform spores is as follows: diluting the Indian piriform spore suspension with water by 45 to 55 times.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The tobacco diseases include white spot disease, brown spot disease and brown spot disease.

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