Tooling and machining process for thin-walled double-sided face gear ring

Abstract

This invention discloses a tooling and processing technology for a thin-walled double-sided end face gear ring, which effectively solves the problems of high processing cost, difficult clamping, and easy deformation in the production of thin-walled double-sided end face gear rings. It enables the position and dimensional tolerances of the thin-walled double-sided end face gear ring to meet the technical requirements, satisfy assembly needs, and ensure product delivery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of double-sided tooth ring processing, and particularly relates to a thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring tool and a processing technology thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring is of a thin-wall annular structure. Teeth are arranged on the upper and lower end faces, and the tooth shape has an inclination angle in X, Y and Z directions. The processing precision and the shape tolerance of the tooth shape are required. The thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring accumulates a large processing stress in the processing process due to its own structural characteristics, so that the tooth ring is deformed greatly after the processing is completed. At present, there is no mature processing technology for the thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring in China. The existing thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring has the following problems: (1) the upper and lower end faces are evenly distributed with tooth grooves, so that the tooth ring is difficult to clamp during processing, and the parts are easily deformed due to improper clamping, and the teeth are also damaged. The relative shape tolerance of the upper and lower end face tooth grooves is high, and it is difficult to ensure the shape tolerance precision requirement during secondary clamping. (2) After the tooth ring is processed through multiple processes, the deformation is large due to the large residual processing stress, so that the waste product is easily produced, and the yield is low. (3) The thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring belongs to an integral large end face tooth ring, and the traditional gear grinding, gear shaping, gear hobbing and gear milling processing methods cannot meet the requirements, the processing difficulty is large, the tooth shape of the tooth ring is irregular, the inspection and measurement method is unreasonable, and the part detection data is inaccurate. Based on this, the thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring is difficult to process and has a high manufacturing cost, which affects the smooth delivery of the product. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the application is how to solve the problems of high processing cost, difficult clamping and easy deformation of the thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring in the production process. In order to solve the above problems, a tool and a processing technology for a thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring are provided.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme of the application is implemented in the following manner:

[0005] A tool for a thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring, the tool comprising a tool frame, a clamp is arranged on the tool frame, the clamp comprising a pressing plate and an internal hexagonal screw matched with the pressing plate, one end of the pressing plate is threadedly connected with a foot screw, an adjusting groove is arranged on the pressing plate, and the internal hexagonal screw is threadedly connected with the tool frame through the adjusting groove.

[0006] The clamp is provided with at least two.

[0007] A processing technology for a thin-wall double-sided end face tooth ring, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: forging an annular blank as a workpiece to be processed according to the requirements of the drawing, and then performing a quenching and tempering treatment on the workpiece;

[0009] Step two, rough turning stage: using horizontal lathe clamping workpiece outer diameter, turning workpiece one end surface light and processing inner diameter, then turn over, horizontal lathe clamping support inner diameter, turning workpiece the other end surface and outer diameter;

[0010] Step three, semi-precision turning stage: the tool holder is set on the numerical control vertical lathe for fixation, the workpiece rough machined in step two is placed on the tool holder end surface, then the workpiece bottom surface is padded with copper sheet, after that the clamp is set on the outer diameter side, the workpiece end surface is pressed, then the clamp is set on the inner diameter side, the machined end surface of the workpiece is pressed, the upper end surface is machined and the machined upper end surface is flat, which is used as a reference surface; the workpiece is turned over and placed on the tool holder end surface, the clamp is set on the outer diameter side and pressed on the workpiece end surface, then the inner diameter and inner ring groove are machined; after that, the clamp is set on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove, the end surface, outer diameter and outer ring groove of the workpiece are machined, and the outer diameter stop notch step is machined; then the workpiece is tempered at low temperature, and after complete cooling, subsequent processing is carried out;

[0011] Step four, precision turning stage: the workpiece stop notch step end surface is used as a bottom and placed on the tool holder end surface, the workpiece is aligned using a dial indicator, the workpiece is bonded at the inner and outer diameters using strong glue, the clamp is set on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove, so that the workpiece is fixed on the tool holder end surface, and the strong glue is completely solidified, then the workpiece end surface is machined until the end surface is light; then the workpiece is turned over, the light end surface is used as a bottom and placed on the tool holder end surface, the clamp is set on the outer diameter side and pressed in the outer ring groove, so that the workpiece is fixed on the tool holder end surface, the inner diameter is precisely turned to the size requirement of the drawing; after that, the clamp is set on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove, so that the workpiece is fixed on the tool holder end surface, the outer diameter is precisely turned to the size requirement of the drawing; then the workpiece is turned over, the clamp is set on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove, so that the workpiece is fixed on the tool holder end surface, the end surface is precisely turned, and the workpiece thickness is precisely turned to the size requirement of the drawing;

[0012] Step five, double-sided end face tooth processing stage: set the tool holder in the five-axis machining center, at the same time, find the end face of the tool holder, place the workpiece on the tool holder, make the center of the workpiece and the rotary center of the workbench of the five-axis machining center completely coincide, place the workpiece with the shoulder step end face upward, set the clamp against the inner diameter side and press it in the inner ring groove, so as to fix the workpiece on the end face of the tool holder, then use a common milling cutter and a special profiling milling cutter to mill the end face teeth, use a common milling cutter with a diameter gradually decreasing from large to small to perform rough machining, and finally use a profiling milling cutter to perform finishing machining, thus completing the first end face tooth processing; then, according to the size requirements of the drawing, perform hole processing of the workpiece; then, turn over the workpiece, fix the workpiece according to the method of the first end face tooth processing stage, at the same time, set a positioning pin in the hole of the workpiece, the positioning pin is used to realize accurate positioning of the secondary clamping of the workpiece, then use a common milling cutter and a special profiling milling cutter to mill the end face teeth, use a common milling cutter with a diameter gradually decreasing from large to small to perform rough machining, and finally use a profiling milling cutter to perform finishing machining, thus completing the second end face tooth processing.

[0013] In step one, the upper and lower end faces of the annular blank are reserved with a machining allowance of 7 mm, and the inner and outer diameters are reserved with a single-sided machining allowance of 10 mm; in the quenching and tempering process, the heat treatment parameters are as follows: quenching temperature 860±10 ℃, oil cooling, tempering temperature 490-520 ℃, and water cooling, so that the HRC of the annular blank is 32-37.

[0014] In step two, when the inner diameter is processed, a single-sided allowance of 4 mm is reserved, when the other end face of the workpiece is turned, a single-sided allowance of 1.5 mm in thickness is reserved, and when the outer diameter is processed, an allowance of 4 mm is reserved.

[0015] After secondary clamping in step three, when the inner diameter is processed, a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, when the inner ring groove is processed, a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, when the end face of the workpiece is turned, a single-sided allowance of 1 mm is reserved, when the outer diameter of the workpiece is turned, a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, when the outer ring groove is turned, a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, and when the outer diameter shoulder step is turned, a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved; during low-temperature tempering, the workpiece needs to be placed horizontally, the temperature rising rate of low-temperature tempering is not greater than 100 ℃ / h, when the temperature reaches 350 ℃, the workpiece is kept for 5 hours, and then taken out and placed on a platform.

[0016] In the end face light processing procedure in step four, the cutting depth is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.

[0017] In the first end face tooth processing procedure in step five, a single-sided allowance of 0.5 mm is reserved when the common milling cutter is used for rough machining, and then a profiling milling cutter is used for finishing machining.

[0018] In the hole processing procedure, multiple drills are used for multiple times of drilling, a 0.3 mm allowance is reserved, and then a milling cutter is used for finishing milling.

[0019] In the second face end surface tooth machining process, the common milling cutter is used for rough machining with 0.5mm margin reserved on one side, and then the profiling milling cutter is used for finishing machining.

[0020] In the fifth step, the holes are arranged at least two, and the holes are provided with threads, and the positioning pin is threadedly connected with the workpiece.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: the present application fundamentally solves the problems of deformation, size and shape accuracy out-of-tolerance of the thin-walled double-face end surface tooth ring in the machining process, the production process is easy to realize, the product qualified rate is extremely high, the manufacturing cost of the workpiece is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the tool structure.

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of A in the figure.

[0024] Figure 3 is a top view of the tool clamping.

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the fixture structure.

[0026] Figure 5 is a top view of the workpiece.

[0027] Figure 6 is Figure 5 is a sectional view of B in the figure.

[0028] Figure 7 is a 20° profiling milling cutter.

[0029] Figure 8 is a 30° profiling milling cutter.

[0030] Figure 9 is a positioning pin.

[0031] Wherein, 1 is a pressing plate; 2 is an inner hexagonal screw; 3 is an adjusting groove; 4 is a supporting screw; 5 is a tool frame; 6 is a workpiece; 7 is an inner ring groove; 8 is an outer ring groove; 9 is a clamp; 10 is a stop opening step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if the orientation description is involved, for example, the orientation or position relationship indicated by the up, down, front, back, left, right and the like is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, the meaning of several is one or more, and the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, more than and the like are understood as not including the number, and above, below, within and the like are understood as including the number. If it is described as first, second, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the sequence of indicated technical features.

[0035] The present application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings:

[0036] A thin-walled double-sided end face gear ring processing method, comprising the following process steps:

[0037] 1. Forging blank

[0038] According to the drawing requirements, the forging blank is annular, and according to the process requirements, 7mm machining allowance is reserved on the upper and lower end faces, and 10mm machining allowance is reserved on the inner and outer diameters.

[0039] 2. Quenching and tempering treatment

[0040] Quenching and tempering treatment is performed, HRC 32-37, heat treatment parameters: quenching temperature 860±10℃, oil cooling, tempering temperature 490-520℃, water cooling.

[0041] 3. Rough turning of upper and lower end faces and inner and outer diameters

[0042] The forging blank is placed on a 50 horizontal lathe, the outer diameter is clamped with three claws, one end surface is turned to see light, the inner diameter is processed with a single side allowance of 4mm, the face is turned and re-clamped, the inner diameter is supported by three claws, the already lighted end surface and the inner diameter are aligned, the other end surface and the outer diameter are turned, the thickness size is processed with a single side allowance of 1.5mm, and the outer diameter is processed with a reserved allowance of 4mm. During processing, multiple processing is performed to ensure that the flatness of the workpiece 6 is less than 0.2mm, and the inner and outer diameter roundness is less than 0.2mm. In order to avoid generating large cutting stress during turning, according to the cutting method of small cutting depth and fast feed, the cutting depth is from 2mm to 1mm, and finally to 0.5mm allowance light knife.

[0043] 4. Semi-finishing turning the outer shape and the inner diameter

[0044] 1) Tooling design: design tooling according to the size of the workpiece 6, the tooling is detachable tooling, including gasket, foot screw 4, inner hexagonal screw 2, pressing plate 1, tooling rack 5 five parts. The tooling includes tooling rack 5, the tooling rack 5 is provided with clamp 9, the clamp 9 includes pressing plate 1, one end of the pressing plate 1 is threadedly connected with foot screw 4, the pressing plate 1 is provided with adjusting groove 3, and the inner hexagonal screw 2 is threadedly connected with the tooling rack 5 through the adjusting groove 3. The clamp 9 is provided with at least two.

[0045] When in use, the workpiece 6 is placed on the tooling rack 5, and the pressing plate 1 is combined with the inner hexagonal screw 2, the foot screw 4 and the gasket to fix and press the workpiece 6 during processing. When the clamp 9 is used, the pressing plate 1 is first threadedly connected with the foot screw 4, and is turned to the position where the pressing plate 1 can press the workpiece 6, and then the inner hexagonal screw 2 is used to pass through the pressing plate 1 and connect with the tooling rack 5, that is, the foot screw 4 at one end of the pressing plate 1 supports, the inner hexagonal screw 2 in the middle of the pressing plate 1 presses downward, and the other end of the pressing plate 1 can be used to press the workpiece 6.

[0046] 2) Put the tooling frame 5 on the numerical control vertical lathe, the model of the machine tool is SZ1200ATC, put the rough machined blank on the end face of the tooling frame 5, use copper sheet to pad the bottom surface of the workpiece 6 in a free state, install the foot screw 4 on the pressing plate 1, press the pressing plate 1 on the end face of the workpiece 6 on the outer diameter side, use the internal hexagonal screw 2 and the gasket to press the workpiece 6, machine the upper surface of the workpiece 6 to see the light (the pressing plate 1 does not press the end face completely, leaving a part of the end face not pressed, the part that is machined is this part), press the pressing plate 1 on the machined end face of the workpiece 6 on the inner diameter side, process the upper surface to be flat with the machined upper surface, complete the reference surface machining. Take the workpiece 6 as the reference for secondary clamping, place the workpiece 6 on the end face of the tooling frame 5, press the workpiece 6 on the end face on the outer diameter side using the pressing plate 1, press the workpiece 6 using the internal hexagonal screw 2 and the gasket, machine the inner diameter with a single side allowance of 2mm, machine the inner ring groove 7 with a single side allowance of 2mm. Combine the pressing plate 1 and the foot screw 4, install them on the side of the inner ring groove 7, the arc surface of the pressing plate 1 is tightly close to the inner diameter of the inner ring groove 7, use the internal hexagonal screw 2 and the gasket to limit and press the workpiece 6, loosen the screw of the pressing plate 1 on the outer diameter, remove the pressing plate 1, machine the end face of the workpiece 6 with a single side allowance of 1mm, machine the outer diameter of the workpiece 6 with a single side allowance of 2mm, machine the outer ring groove 8 with a single side allowance of 2mm, machine the outer stopper step 10 with a single side allowance of 2mm.

[0047] 5. Low temperature tempering

[0048] Place the semi-finished workpiece 6 in the low temperature tempering furnace to eliminate internal stress, place the workpiece 6 flat, do not allow the workpiece 6 to be suspended, avoid deformation of the workpiece 6 during tempering, raise the temperature with the furnace, the temperature raising rate is not greater than 100℃ / h, the temperature reaches 350℃, keep the temperature for 5 hours, take out the workpiece 6, place it on the platform, do not allow the workpiece 6 to be suspended, air cool until completely cooled, then proceed with subsequent machining.

[0049] 6. Finish machining the outer shape and the inner diameter

[0050] 1) Machine the reference surface

[0051] Prepare the lathe tooling, use the workpiece 6 stopper step 10 end face as the bottom, place it on the end face of the tooling frame 5, keep the workpiece 6 in a free state, use the dial indicator to find the workpiece 6, use AB glue to bond the inner and outer diameters of the workpiece 6, fix the workpiece 6 on the end face of the tooling frame 5. Compared with using copper sheet to pad the deformation amount of the workpiece 6, this method can effectively ensure that the workpiece 6 will not cause stress deformation due to the clamping of the clamp 9 during machining, it is relatively efficient and easy to operate. Wait for the AB glue to completely solidify, machine the end face of the workpiece 6, note that this part can be machined multiple times according to the end face runout value, the cutting amount of each machining should not be greater than 0.2mm, until the end face is machined to see the light.

[0052] 2) Finish machining the inner diameter and the inner ring groove 7

[0053] Workpiece 6 is turned over to see the light surface as the basis for the bottom placed on the end face of the tool holder 5, using the pressure plate 1, hexagonal screw 2, pad uniform pressure tight workpiece 6, locking screw, according to the cross order multiple times each time the screw is tightened, keep in the process of pressure, the position of each pressure plate 1 force is uniform. With the inner diameter turning tool finish turning the inner diameter to the drawing size requirements.

[0054] 3) Finish turning the outer diameter of the top end face

[0055] The pressure plate 1 is installed on the inner ring groove 7 side, the arc surface of the pressure plate 1 is tightly close to the inner diameter of the inner ring groove 7, the hexagonal screw 2 and the spacer are used to limit and press the workpiece 6, the outer diameter of the pressure plate 1 is loosened, the pressure plate 1 is removed, and the outer diameter turning tool is used to finish turning the outer diameter to the drawing size requirements.

[0056] 4) Finish turning the thickness size

[0057] Turn over and re-clamp the workpiece 6, use the pressure plate 1 to press the workpiece 6, use the end face turning tool to finish turning the thickness size of the workpiece 6 to the drawing requirements, the main purpose of this step is to provide a high-precision reference surface for the tooth machining process, corresponding to one-time forming, and repeated machining is also beneficial to reduce the stress generated in the turning process. In the finishing process, in order to avoid the generation of large cutting stress in the turning process, the cutting depth should be from 1mm to 0.5mm, and finally 0.2mm excess allowance finishing according to the small cutting depth and fast feed cutting method.

[0058] 7, double-sided end face tooth and hole machining

[0059] 1) End face tooth profile tool design: according to the tooth profile requirements of the drawing, the profile tool is designed, which is characterized by the shape and precision of the tool edge. According to the shape and precision requirements of the tooth in the drawing, the profile tool is designed, which can effectively ensure the size precision and roughness requirements of the tooth surface. The tool edge is designed with a spiral blade to increase the strength of the edge and improve the chip removal effect, preventing the tool from breaking and damaging the workpiece 6.

[0060] 2) Positioning pin design: according to the hole diameter of the drawing, the positioning pin is designed, which is characterized by positioning through the hole diameter and hole chamfer. The center of the pin and the center of the hole are completely coincident, which ensures the clamping accuracy after turning over.

[0061] 3) First face end face tooth machining

[0062] The work device is arranged on a five-axis machining center, the machine tool model is UCP1150, and the work fixture 5 is fastened to the workbench by bolts. Meanwhile, the end surface on which the workpiece 6 is placed is leveled, and a milling cutter is used to process the light if necessary. The workpiece 6 is placed on the work fixture 5, the inner cavity is positioned, the center of the work fixture ring groove is completely coincided with the rotary center of the workbench, attention is paid to clamping the stopper step 10 upward, the screws are tightened in cross order multiple times one by one, the position of each pressure plate 1 is kept uniform in the pressure process, and the pressure is ensured. The runout of the inner circumference, the outer diameter and the upper surface of the workpiece 6 is checked by using a dial gauge before and after the pressure, and the data is recorded. The end surface tooth shape is coarsely and finely milled by using a common milling cutter and a special profiling milling cutter, the common milling cutter is gradually used for coarse machining from large to small in diameter, and the profiling milling cutter is finally used for fine machining with a 0.5mm margin on one side.

[0063] 4) Hole processing

[0064] After the end surface tooth processing is completed, the workpiece 6 is kept clamped, holes are processed according to the size requirements in the drawing, in order to avoid that a large cutting stress is generated in the hole processing process, the holes are drilled multiple times by using multiple drills, and finally a milling cutter is used for fine milling with a 0.3mm margin.

[0065] 5) Second face end surface tooth processing

[0066] The work fixture clamp 9 is unchanged, the workpiece 6 is clamped by turning over, the positioning pins are arranged in the holes in the four positions of 0°, 180°, 90° and 270°, and the positioning pins are connected with the hole threads. The first face end surface tooth is clamped downward, the screws are tightened in cross order multiple times one by one, the position of each pressure plate 1 is kept uniform in the pressure process, and the pressure is ensured. The runout of the inner circumference, the outer diameter and the upper surface of the workpiece 6 is checked by using a dial gauge before and after the pressure, and the data is recorded. The second face end surface tooth shape is coarsely and finely milled by using a common milling cutter and a special profiling milling cutter, the common milling cutter is gradually used for coarse machining from large to small in diameter, and the profiling milling cutter is finally used for fine machining with a 0.5mm margin on one side. In the process of processing the double-face end surface tooth shape, attention is particularly paid to the arrangement of the processing sequence, each processing program is sequentially processed in the order of 0°, 180°, 90° and 270° (i.e. the processing surface is divided into four regions, which is similar to the four quadrants of the coordinate axis, the teeth in the first quadrant region are processed first, then the teeth in the third quadrant region, then the teeth in the second quadrant region, and finally the teeth in the fourth quadrant region), the cutting force distribution is kept uniform in the processing process, and the workpiece 6 is prevented from being deformed due to cutting stress concentration. The workbench C shaft indexing rotation function is relied on to keep the to-be-processed tooth at C0 angle at all times, the cutter is processed in a fixed small range, and the influence of the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy error of each shaft of the machine tool on the tooth shape accuracy is reduced. After the processing is completed, it is detected that all the sizes of the tooth ring meet the requirements in the drawing, and the processing procedure is completed.

[0067] The innovation points of the present application are as follows: (1) before this, there is no implementable thin-walled double-sided end face tooth ring process method, the process route, tooling, profiling machining tool and applicable machining parameters involved in the process method are designed for the first time; (2) through the positioning pin, the accurate positioning of the secondary clamping of the workpiece 6 can be realized, and the shape and position tolerance requirements of the thin-walled double-sided end face tooth ring are ensured.

[0068] The machined workpiece 6 is a double-end face gear, the outer diameter is ∅880 (0, -0.14), the inner diameter is ∅840 (+0.1, +0.05), the thickness size is 40 (+0.031, -0.031), the inner ring groove 7 width is 14 (+0.018, 0), the outer ring groove 8 R5.2 (+0.048, 0), the gear parameters are: small end face modulus 6.0347, tooth number 144, tooth width midpoint pitch circle diameter ∅854.5; large end face modulus 4.0741, tooth number 216, tooth width midpoint pitch circle diameter ∅860; the end face tooth precision grade refers to the execution of 7JK level in GB / T10096-1988. And the relative position accuracy of the upper and lower end face teeth is 0.02°.

[0069] A thin-walled double-sided end face tooth ring machining method, comprising the following process steps:

[0070] 1, forging blank and quenching and tempering treatment

[0071] According to the drawing requirements, the forging blank is annular, according to the process requirements, 7mm machining allowance is reserved on the upper and lower end faces, and 10mm machining allowance is reserved on the single side of the inner and outer diameters.

[0072] 2, quenching and tempering treatment

[0073] Quenching and tempering treatment is carried out, HRC32-37, heat treatment parameters: quenching temperature 860±10℃, oil cooling, tempering temperature 490-520℃, water cooling.

[0074] 3, rough turning of upper and lower end faces and inner and outer diameters

[0075] Put the forging blank on the 50 horizontal lathe, use three-jaw clamping outer diameter, turn one end face to see light, process the inner diameter with 4mm allowance reserved on the single side, re-clamp after turning over, three-jaw support inner diameter, find the already seen light end face and inner diameter, turn the other end face and outer diameter, process the thickness size with 1.5mm allowance reserved on the single side, process the shape with 4mm allowance reserved. In the machining process, multiple machining is carried out to ensure that the flatness of the workpiece 6 is less than 0.2mm, and the inner and outer diameter roundness is less than 0.2mm. In order to avoid large cutting stress in the turning process, according to the cutting method of small cutting depth and fast feed, the cutting depth is from 2mm to 1mm, and finally 0.5mm allowance light knife.

[0076] 4, semi-finish turning of shape and inner diameter

[0077] 1) tooling design: according to the size of the workpiece 6 design tooling fixture 9, tooling for split tooling, including: gasket, foot screw 4, hexagonal screw 2, pressing plate 1, tooling rack 5.

[0078] Tooling rack 5 and machine tool for hexagonal screw 2 connection, use, put the workpiece 6 on the tooling rack 5, pressing plate 1 respectively with hexagonal screw 2, foot screw 4, gasket combination, pressing plate 1 respectively with hexagonal screw 2, foot screw 4, gasket combination, fixed in the process of machining and compression workpiece 6.

[0079] 2) put the tooling rack 5 on the numerical control vertical lathe, the machine tool model is SZ1200ATC, put the rough machining blank on the end face of the tooling rack 5, and use copper pad to fix the bottom surface of the workpiece 6 in the free state. Install the foot screw 4 on the pressing plate 1, and press the pressing plate 1 against the outer diameter side of the workpiece 6 end face. Turn the workpiece 6 upper surface to see the light, and press the pressing plate 1 against the inner diameter side of the workpiece 6 machined end face. Process the upper surface to be flat with the machined upper surface. Complete the reference surface machining. Take the workpiece 6 as the reference surface and clamp it again. Put the workpiece 6 on the end face of the tooling rack 5, and press the pressing plate 1 against the outer diameter side of the workpiece 6 end face. Process the inner diameter with 2mm single side allowance. Process the inner ring groove 7 with 2mm single side allowance. Install the completed pressing plate 1 on the inner ring groove 7 side, and press the arc surface of the pressing plate 1 against the inner diameter of the inner ring groove 7 to limit and compress the workpiece 6. Loosen the hexagonal screw 2, remove the pressing plate 1, turn the workpiece 6 end face with 1mm single side allowance, turn the workpiece 6 outer diameter with 2mm single side allowance, turn the outer ring groove 8 with 2mm single side allowance, and turn the outer stopper step 10 with 2mm single side allowance.

[0080] 5, low temperature tempering

[0081] Put the semi-finished workpiece 6 into the low temperature tempering furnace to eliminate internal stress. Square the workpiece 6 when placing, and do not allow the workpiece 6 to be suspended to avoid deformation of the workpiece 6 during tempering. The furnace temperature rises at a rate not greater than 100℃ / h. When the temperature reaches 350℃, keep it for 5 hours. Take out the workpiece 6 and place it on the platform. Do not allow the workpiece 6 to be suspended. After air cooling to complete cooling, proceed to subsequent processing.

[0082] 6, finish turning the shape and inner diameter

[0083] 1) turn the reference surface

[0084] Prepare the lathe tooling. Put the workpiece 6 stopper step 10 end face on the end face of the tooling rack 5, keep the workpiece 6 in free state, use the dial indicator to find the workpiece 6, use AB glue to bond the inner and outer diameters of the workpiece 6, and fix the workpiece 6 on the end face of the tooling rack 5. Wait for the AB glue to completely solidify. Process the end face of the workpiece 6. Note that this part can be processed multiple times according to the end face runout value. The cutting amount of each processing should not be greater than 0.2mm until the end face is smooth.

[0085] 2) Finish turning inner diameter and inner ring groove 7

[0086] Workpiece 6 is turned over and placed on the end face of tool holder 5 with the light side as the reference. Pressing plate 1 is combined with foot screw 4, and hexagonal socket head cap screw 2 and gaskets are used to evenly press workpiece 6. When locking the screw, it is tightened several times in a crosswise order, and the position of each pressing plate 1 is kept uniform during the pressing process. The inner diameter is finished to the size required by the drawing using an inner diameter turning tool. The blade is selected to be a 95-degree hard alloy boring tool, and the cutting parameters are: linear speed 120 m / min, feed value 0.08-0.1 mm / rev. The inner ring groove 7 is finished to the size required by the drawing using an inner cutting tool. The blade is selected to be a 3mm hard alloy inner cutting groove tool, and the cutting parameters are: linear speed 90 m / min, feed value 0.05-0.08 mm / rev.

[0087] 3) Finish turning outer diameter top end face

[0088] Pressing plate 1 is combined with foot screw 4 and installed on the side of inner ring groove 7. The arc surface of pressing plate 1 is tightly pressed against the inner diameter of inner ring groove 7. Hexagonal socket head cap screw 2 and gaskets are used to limit and press workpiece 6. Clamp 9 at the outer diameter is loosened, and pressing plate 1 is removed. The outer diameter is finished to the size required by the drawing using an outer diameter turning tool. The blade is selected to be a 93-degree hard alloy outer diameter tool, and the cutting parameters are: linear speed 120 m / min, feed value 0.08-0.1 mm / rev. Outer ring groove 8 is processed to the size required by the drawing using an outer diameter arc groove tool. The blade is selected to be a R3 hard alloy outer diameter arc cutting groove tool, and the cutting parameters are: linear speed 90 m / min, feed value 0.05-0.08 mm / rev.

[0089] 4) Finish turning thickness size

[0090] Workpiece 6 is turned over and clamped again. Pressing plate 1, hexagonal socket head cap screw 2, and gaskets are used to press workpiece 6. End face turning tool is used to finish the thickness size of workpiece 6 to the drawing requirements. The main purpose of this step is to provide a high-precision reference surface for the tooth machining process, which corresponds to one-time forming. Multiple repeated machining is also beneficial to reduce the stress generated during the turning process. In the finishing process, in order to avoid large cutting stress during turning, the cutting depth is gradually reduced from 1mm to 0.5mm, and finally to 0.2mm for finishing.

[0091] 7, Double-sided end face tooth and hole machining

[0092] 1) Face tooth copy tool design: According to the tooth profile requirements of the drawing, two kinds of copy tools are designed: 20° copy milling cutter (the opening angle of the axial cross-section blade is 20°), 30° copy milling cutter (the opening angle of the axial cross-section blade is 30°). The characteristics are the shape and precision of the tool blade, which are designed according to the shape and precision requirements of the tooth in the drawing. When machining the tooth profile, rely on the copy tool to complete the machining once, which can effectively ensure the size precision and roughness requirements of the tooth surface. The tool edge is designed with spiral blade to increase the edge strength, improve the chip removal effect, and prevent the workpiece from being damaged due to tool edge collapse.

[0093] 2) Positioning pin design: According to the hole diameter of the drawing, the positioning pin is designed, which is characterized by positioning through the hole diameter and hole chamfer. The center of the pin and the center of the hole are completely coincident, which ensures the clamping accuracy after turning over.

[0094] 3) 144 face tooth processing

[0095] The work is placed on the five-axis machining center, the machine tool model is UCP1150, and the tool holder 5 is fastened on the workbench. At the same time, the end face of the workpiece 6 is leveled, and the milling cutter is used if necessary. Place the workpiece 6 on the tool holder 5, so that the center of the workpiece 6 and the center of the workbench are completely coincident, the inner cavity is positioned, and the stop step 10 is clamped upward. According to the cross order, tighten the inner hexagonal screw 2 several times one by one, and make sure that the position of each pressure plate 1 is uniformly stressed during the pressing process to ensure the pressing. Before and after pressing, check the runout of the inner circumference, outer diameter and upper surface of the workpiece 6 with a dial indicator and record the data. Use ordinary milling cutter and 30° copy milling cutter to mill 144 face tooth profile by rough and fine machining. The milling cutter diameter gradually roughens from D12 to D4, and finally a 0.5mm margin is reserved on one side for fine machining with a 30° copy milling cutter.

[0096] 4) Hole processing

[0097] After the 144 face tooth processing is completed, the workpiece 6 is kept clamped, and the hole is processed according to the size requirements of the drawing. In order to avoid the generation of large cutting stress during the hole processing, the hole should be drilled several times with multiple drills, and finally a 0.3mm margin is fine-milled with a milling cutter. After processing, loosen the inner hexagonal screw 2 and remove the pressure plate 1.

[0098] 5) 216 face tooth processing

[0099] The fixture is unchanged, and the workpiece 6 is clamped and turned over. The clamping and turning over before this time are unchanged at 0° and 180°, and the positions of 90° and 270° are interchanged. The position of C0 on the workpiece 6 coincides with the position of C0 before turning over. Thus, the position of C0 corresponds to the center of the tooth peak of the straight tooth, the center of the tooth groove viewed from the inside of the helical tooth, and the center of the hole of Ф5.2. The positioning pins are installed at the four positions of 0°, 180°, 90°, and 270°. The workpiece 6 is placed in the ring groove on the fixture frame 5, the inner cavity is positioned, the 144 end face teeth are clamped downward, the inner hexagonal screws 2 are tightened one by one in cross order multiple times, the position of each pressing plate 1 is uniformly stressed during pressing, and the pressing is ensured. Before and after pressing, the runout of the inner circumference, the outer diameter, and the upper surface of the workpiece 6 is checked by using a dial gauge, and the data is recorded. The 216 end face teeth are rough and finished milled by using a milling cutter and a 20° profile milling cutter. The ordinary milling cutter is gradually rough machined from D12 to D4, and finally a 0.5 mm allowance is reserved on one side to use the 20° profile milling cutter for finishing. Since 360 / 216=1.66666•••, it is an infinite cycle. The minimum angular unit of the C-axis of the workbench is 0.001°. In order to prevent serious overcutting of the last few teeth and the correctness of all tooth shapes and tolerances, the tooth distribution is arranged according to the method of every 5° three teeth (1.667+1.667+1.666=5). During the processing of the double-sided end face teeth, special attention is paid to the arrangement of the processing sequence. Each processing program is sequentially processed by jumping the area at 0°, 180°, 90°, and 270°, so as to ensure that the cutting force is uniformly distributed during processing, and to avoid deformation of the workpiece 6 due to cutting stress concentration. By relying on the indexing rotation function of the C-axis of the workbench, the workpiece to be processed is kept at the C0 angle, the cutter is processed in a small fixed range, and the influence of the positioning accuracy and the repeat positioning accuracy error of each axis of the machine tool on the tooth shape accuracy is reduced. After processing is completed, it is detected that all dimensions of the tooth ring meet the requirements of the drawing, and the processing procedure is completed.

[0100] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the overall concept of the present application, and these should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A process for machining a thin-walled double-sided face gear ring, characterized in that, Specifically comprising the following steps: Step one, according to the drawing requirements, forging ring blank as a workpiece (6) to be processed, and then the workpiece (6) is quenched and tempered; Step two, rough turning stage: using horizontal lathe clamping workpiece (6) outer diameter, turning workpiece (6) one end surface light and processing workpiece (6) inner diameter, then turn over and re clamping, three claw support inner diameter, turning workpiece (6) the other end surface and outer diameter; Step three, semi-precision turning stage: design a kind of thin-walled double-sided end face tooth ring tooling, the tooling includes tooling frame (5), the tooling frame (5) is provided with clamp (9), the clamp (9) includes pressing plate (1) and hexagonal socket head cap screw (2) matched with pressing plate (1), one end of pressing plate (1) is threadedly connected with foot screw (4), adjusting groove (3) is arranged on pressing plate (1), hexagonal socket head cap screw (2) is threadedly connected with tooling frame (5) through adjusting groove (3); The clamp (9) is provided with at least two; The tooling frame (5) is fixed on the numerical control vertical lathe, the workpiece (6) rough machined in step two is placed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), then the bottom surface of the workpiece (6) is padded with copper sheet, then the clamp (9) is arranged on the outer diameter side, the end surface of the workpiece (6) is pressed tightly, then the upper end surface of the workpiece (6) is machined, then the clamp (9) is arranged on the inner diameter side, the machined end surface of the workpiece (6) is pressed tightly, the upper end surface is machined to be flat with the machined upper end surface, and the end surface is used as a reference surface; The workpiece (6) is placed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5) by twice clamping with the reference surface as the reference surface, the clamp (9) is arranged on the outer diameter side and pressed on the end surface of the workpiece (6), and then the inner diameter and the inner ring groove (7) are machined; Then the clamp (9) is arranged on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove (7), and the end surface, the outer diameter and the outer ring groove (8) of the workpiece (6) are machined, and the stop step (10) is machined; Then the workpiece (6) is low-temperature tempered, and after complete cooling, subsequent machining is carried out; Step four, precision turning stage: the end surface of the workpiece (6) stop step (10) is used as the bottom and placed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), the workpiece (6) is aligned by using a dial indicator, the inner and outer diameters of the workpiece (6) are bonded by using strong glue, the clamp (9) is arranged on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove (7), so that the workpiece (6) is fixed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), and after the strong glue is completely solidified, the end surface of the workpiece (6) is machined until the end surface is light; Then the workpiece (6) is turned over, the end surface is used as the bottom and placed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), the clamp (9) is arranged on the outer diameter side and pressed in the outer ring groove (8), so that the workpiece (6) is fixed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), the inner diameter is precisely turned to the size requirement in the drawing; Then the clamp (9) is arranged on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove (7), so that the workpiece (6) is fixed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), the outer diameter is precisely turned to the size requirement in the drawing; Then the workpiece (6) is turned over, the clamp (9) is arranged on the inner diameter side and pressed in the inner ring groove (7), so that the workpiece (6) is fixed on the end surface of the tooling frame (5), the end surface is precisely turned, and the thickness of the workpiece (6) is precisely turned to the size requirement in the drawing; Step five, double-sided end face tooth processing stage: set the tool holder (5) in the five-axis machining center, at the same time, find the end face of the tool holder (5), place the workpiece (6) on the tool holder (5), so that the center of the workpiece (6) and the rotary center of the worktable of the five-axis machining center are completely coincident, place the workpiece (6) with the end face of the necking step (10) upward, set the clamp (9) on the inner diameter side and press it in the inner ring groove (7), so as to fix the workpiece (6) on the end face of the tool holder (5), then use ordinary milling cutters and special profiling milling cutters to mill the end face teeth, use ordinary milling cutters with diameters gradually decreasing from large to small to perform rough machining, and finally use a profiling milling cutter to perform finishing machining, thus completing the first end face tooth processing; then, according to the size requirements of the drawing, process the hole of the workpiece (6); then, turn over the workpiece (6), fix the workpiece (6) according to the method of the first end face tooth processing stage, and set a positioning pin in the hole of the workpiece (6), which is used to realize accurate positioning of the secondary clamping of the workpiece (6), then use ordinary milling cutters and special profiling milling cutters to mill the end face teeth, use ordinary milling cutters with diameters gradually decreasing from large to small to perform rough machining, and finally use a profiling milling cutter to perform finishing machining, thus completing the second end face tooth processing.

2. The process for machining thin-walled double face face gear ring as claimed in claim 1 wherein, In step one, the upper and lower end faces of the annular blank are each reserved with a machining allowance of 7 mm, and the inner and outer diameters are each reserved with a single-sided machining allowance of 10 mm; in the quenching and tempering process, the heat treatment parameters are as follows: quenching temperature 860±10 ℃, oil cooling, tempering temperature 490-520 ℃, and water cooling, so that the annular blank has a hardness of HRC32-37.

3. The process for machining thin-walled double face face gear ring as claimed in claim 1 wherein, In step two, when processing the inner diameter, a single-sided allowance of 4 mm is reserved, when machining the other end face of the workpiece (6), a single-sided allowance of 1.5 mm in thickness is reserved, and when processing the outer diameter, an allowance of 4 mm is reserved.

4. The process for machining thin-walled double face face gear ring as claimed in claim 1 wherein, In step three, after secondary clamping, when processing the inner diameter, a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, when processing the inner ring groove (7), a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, when machining the end face of the workpiece (6), a single-sided allowance of 1 mm is reserved, when machining the outer diameter of the workpiece (6), a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, when machining the outer ring groove (8), a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved, and when machining the necking step (10), a single-sided allowance of 2 mm is reserved; during low-temperature tempering, the workpiece (6) needs to be placed horizontally, the temperature rising rate during low-temperature tempering is not greater than 100 ℃ / h, when the temperature reaches 350 ℃, the workpiece (6) is kept for 5 hours, and then taken out and placed on a platform.

5. The process for machining thin-walled double face face gear ring as claimed in claim 1 wherein, In the step four end face light processing procedure, the cutting depth is less than or equal to 0.2 mm.

6. The process for machining thin-walled double face face gear ring as claimed in claim 1 wherein, In the first end face tooth processing procedure of step five, a single-sided allowance of 0.5 mm is reserved when the ordinary milling cutter is used for rough machining, and then a profiling milling cutter is used for finishing machining; In the hole processing procedure, multiple drilling is performed by using multiple drills, and an allowance of 0.3 mm is reserved, and then a milling cutter is used for finishing milling; In the second end face tooth processing procedure, a single-sided allowance of 0.5 mm is reserved when the ordinary milling cutter is used for rough machining, and then a profiling milling cutter is used for finishing machining.

7. The process of claim 1 wherein, In step five, at least two holes are provided in the workpiece (6), and a thread is provided in each hole, and the positioning pin is threadedly connected with the workpiece (6).

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