A kind of season saving shell cylinder and the method for using cylinder to break through discharge port

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of air cylinder, and particularly relates to a shell-punching air cylinder with air saving and a method for punching a discharge port by using the air cylinder. The shell-punching air cylinder comprises a piston rod, a front cover, a cylinder barrel, a piston and a rear cover, and a shell-punching hammer head is installed at the end of the piston rod. The shell-punching air cylinder further comprises a combination valve, a stroke valve and a PLC controller. The combination valve is installed at the rear side of the rear cover. The stroke valve comprises a front stroke valve and a rear stroke valve. The combination valve and the stroke valve are respectively in communication connection with the PLC controller. The present application has the following advantages and positive effects: (1) The shell-punching air cylinder with air saving of the present application realizes air saving and on-demand air supply during the process of punching a fire eye of an electrolytic cell by using the combination of the combination valve and the stroke valve; (2) In the method for punching a discharge port by using the air cylinder, the piston rod and the hammer head move downward under the action of weight in step 2, so that air saving is realized; and (3) In step 4, the air-electricity converter of the front stroke valve does not output within the set time, so that the shell-punching air cylinder is used for pressure increasing and shell punching, and on-demand air supply is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cylinder technology, specifically relating to a throttle-operated cylinder for shell breaking and a method for using the cylinder to break through the discharge port. Background Technology

[0002] The shell-breaking cylinder is mainly used in the electrolytic aluminum industry. During the electrolytic aluminum process, alumina powder needs to be added to the electrolytic cell at regular intervals and in fixed quantities. The purpose of the shell-breaking cylinder is to break through the shell layer on the top of the electrolytic cell (the breaking point is commonly known in the industry as the "fire eye") to ensure that the alumina powder can smoothly enter the electrolytic cell.

[0003] The shell-breaking cylinder has a piston rod installed vertically downwards, with the end of the piston rod connected to the shell-breaking hammer.

[0004] The industry ideally wants the alumina powder to be added only after the shell has been broken through. Currently, the electrolytic aluminum industry uses ordinary cylinders. The control system issues a shell-breaking command to the cylinder, followed by a delay before issuing the alumina feeding command. Because these ordinary cylinders lack position detection and feedback, alumina powder is added regardless of whether the shell has been broken through. If the shell is not broken through the first time, it becomes even more difficult to break through the shell the next time, resulting in an increasingly thick shell layer and a vicious cycle. This leads to two problems: firstly, an excessively low alumina concentration in the electrolytic cell, causing an anode effect, reducing electrolytic aluminum production, increasing power consumption, and even potentially causing safety accidents (explosions); secondly, alumina powder accumulates on the outside of the shell layer, making cleaning difficult.

[0005] Furthermore, the electrolytic aluminum industry is a major energy consumer, and how to save compressed air consumption in the shell-forming cylinders of electrolytic cells is also an urgent problem to be solved in the electrolytic aluminum industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a gas-saving cylinder for shell breaking and a method for using the cylinder to break through the discharge port.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a throttle-operated cylinder for extruding shells, comprising a piston rod, a front cover, a cylinder barrel, a piston, and a rear cover, wherein an extrusion hammer is installed at the end of the piston rod; it also includes a combination valve, a stroke valve, and a PLC controller; the combination valve is installed on the rear side of the rear cover, and the stroke valve includes a front stroke valve and a rear stroke valve, wherein the combination valve and the stroke valve are respectively communicatively connected to the PLC controller;

[0008] The combined valve includes valve one, valve two, and valve three assembled as a single unit, with valve two located between valve one and valve three; the valve bodies of valve one, valve two, and valve three each include a valve cavity and a valve core, and the valve core is capable of sliding within the valve cavity; the valve cores of valve one, valve two, and valve three are parallel in length direction;

[0009] The combined valve has one air inlet and two air outlets. The air inlet is connected to an external air source through an air pipe, and the two air outlets are air outlet one and air outlet two, respectively. The air inlet and air outlet two are connected to the valve chamber of valve one; air outlet one is connected to the valve chamber of valve three.

[0010] The reciprocating sliding of the valve core of valve one can control the intake and exhaust of the cylinder near the rear cover; the reciprocating sliding of the valve core of valve two can control the opening and closing of the valve chambers of valve one and valve three; the reciprocating sliding of the valve core of valve three can control the intake and exhaust of the cylinder near the front cover.

[0011] Preferably, the valve chamber of valve one includes chambers G, B, J, and C from left to right, with connecting holes between chambers G and B, between chambers B and J, and between chambers J and C; chamber B is connected to the cylinder near the rear cover, and the second air outlet is connected to chamber G; the valve core of valve one is valve core one, which includes a shoulder one, a countersinking groove one, a shoulder two, a countersinking groove two, and a shoulder three from left to right; a portion of the countersinking groove of valve core one slides in the connecting hole between chambers G and B; a portion of the countersinking groove two of valve core one slides in the connecting hole between chambers J and C; and a portion of the shoulder two of valve core one is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole between chambers B and J.

[0012] Preferably, the valve chamber of the second valve includes a D chamber and an E chamber from left to right, and a connecting hole is provided between the D chamber and the E chamber; the E chamber is connected to the C chamber of the first valve through a through hole; the valve core of the second valve is a valve core two, and the valve core two includes a shoulder four, a countersinking groove three, and a shoulder five from left to right; the countersinking groove three part of the valve core two slides in the connecting hole between the D chamber and the E chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the valve chamber of valve three includes chambers H, A, and F from left to right, and connecting holes are provided between chambers H and A, and between chambers A and F; the chambers are connected to chamber D of valve two through a through hole two; the valve core of valve three is valve core three, which includes a shoulder six, a countersinking groove four, and a shoulder seven from left to right; the countersinking groove four part of valve core three slides in the connecting holes between chambers H and A, and between chambers A and F; chamber A is connected to the cylinder near the front cover side through the front cover intake pipe, and the exhaust port one is connected to chamber H.

[0014] Preferably, the combined valve further includes a first direct-acting solenoid valve and a second direct-acting solenoid valve, which are respectively connected to a PLC controller. The switching between energizing and de-energizing the first direct-acting solenoid valve can drive the first valve core to reciprocate. The switching between energizing and de-energizing the second direct-acting solenoid valve can drive the third valve core to reciprocate. Both the first-stroke valve and the second-stroke valve are direct-acting normally closed valves, and the opening and closing of the second-stroke valve can drive the second valve core to reciprocate.

[0015] Preferably, both the first and second direct-acting solenoid valves are direct-acting two-position three-way solenoid valves, each including a working outlet and an inlet. The inlet of the first direct-acting two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to an external air source. Both the first and second stroke valves are cartridge-type two-position three-way normally closed stroke valves, each including a working outlet and an inlet. The inlets of the first and second stroke valves are connected to an external air source via stroke valve inlet pipes. The working outlet of the first stroke valve is connected to the stroke valve outlet pipe. The first stroke valve includes a pneumatic-electric converter, the pneumatic measuring head of which is installed at the working outlet of the first stroke valve. The second stroke valve also includes a pneumatic-electric converter, the pneumatic measuring head of which is installed at the working outlet of the second stroke valve. Both the first and second pneumatic-electric converters are communicatively connected to a PLC controller.

[0016] Preferably, the throttle-operated cylinder also includes a self-locking component, which can lock the piston rod away from the hammer head end; a piston is installed at the shoulder end of valve core one, the cross-sectional area of ​​the other end of valve core one is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​piston one, the side of piston one away from valve core one is connected to the working outlet of direct-acting solenoid valve one, and the end of valve core one away from piston one is connected to an external air source; a piston is installed at the shoulder end of valve core two, the cross-sectional area of ​​the other end of valve core two is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​piston two, the side of piston two away from valve core two is connected to the working outlet of the rear stroke valve, and the end of valve core two away from piston two is connected to an external air source; a piston is installed at the shoulder end of valve core three, the cross-sectional area of ​​the other end of valve core three is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​piston three, the side of piston three away from valve core three is connected to the working outlet of direct-acting solenoid valve two, and the end of valve core three away from piston three is connected to an external air source.

[0017] A method for penetrating the feed inlet using a cylinder, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: The throttle-type shell-breaking cylinder is installed vertically, with the shell-breaking hammer at the lower end of the piston rod facing the shell layer at the feed port of the electrolytic cell. In the initial state, the piston is close to the rear cover and presses against the detection end of the rear stroke valve. The working outlet of the rear stroke valve outputs gas, and the gas-electric converter transmits the signal to the PLC controller. At the same time, the opening of the rear stroke valve causes the valve core 2 of valve 2 to move and cut off the air intake passage of valve 3. Simultaneously, the shoulder 2 of valve core 1 in valve 1 blocks the gas passage between the air intake of the combination valve and the B chamber in valve 1. Simultaneously, the shoulder 6 of valve core 3 in valve 3 blocks the gas passage between the H chamber and the A chamber. The self-locking component locks the piston rod away from the hammer end.

[0019] Step 2: When the PLC controller receives the instruction to pierce the shell at the feed port of the electrolytic cell, it first controls the direct-acting solenoid valve 2 to be energized. The energization of the direct-acting solenoid valve 2 drives the valve core 3 of valve 3 to move. The A chamber of valve 3 is connected to the air outlet. The shoulder 7 of valve core 3 blocks the connecting hole between the A chamber and the F chamber. The cylinder exhausts near the front cover side. Under the action of the weight of the hammer and piston rod, the piston rod and piston move downward.

[0020] Step 3: After the piston leaves the stroke valve, the valve core 2 of valve 2 resets, opening the intake passage of valve 3; because the shoulder 7 of valve core 3 blocks the connecting hole between chamber A and chamber F, the piston and the shell-breaking hammer continue to move downward;

[0021] Step 4: Within the set time, the pneumatic-electric converter 1 of the front stroke valve has no output. The PLC controller energizes the direct-acting solenoid valve 1. The energization of the direct-acting solenoid valve 1 drives the valve core 1 of valve 1 to move. The air inlet of the combination valve is connected to chamber B. The air source is connected to the rear side of the cylinder. The piston rod and the shell-breaking hammer pressurize and break the shell. When the air pressure is increased to the point that it can break the shell layer, the piston will continue to move down and press the probe end of the front stroke valve. The pneumatic-electric converter 1 of the front stroke valve outputs a signal to the PLC controller. Then the PLC controller will de-energize the direct-acting solenoid valve 1 and the direct-acting solenoid valve 2. Valve 1 and valve 3 will reset. Air enters chamber A and exhausts chamber B, causing the piston rod and piston to retract.

[0022] Step 5: After the piston triggers the probe end of the stroke valve, the opening of the stroke valve causes the valve core 2 to move, cutting off the air intake passage of valve 3 and returning to the state of step 1.

[0023] Preferably, in step one, the opening of the rear stroke valve causes the valve core of valve two to move, and the shoulder of valve core two blocks the connecting hole between chamber D and chamber E of valve two, cutting off the air intake passage of valve three.

[0024] Preferably, during the downward movement of the piston rod and piston in step two, the B chamber of valve one and the second air outlet are connected; in step four, the air inlet is connected to the chamber, and at the same time, the shoulder of valve core one blocks the connecting hole between the G chamber and the B chamber; the shoulder of valve core one blocks the connecting hole between the J chamber and the C chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] (1) The gas-saving shell-opening cylinder of the present invention utilizes the combination of a combination valve and a stroke valve to realize gas saving and on-demand gas supply during the process of opening the spark hole in the electrolytic cell;

[0027] (2) In the method of using a cylinder to pierce the feed port, the piston rod and the hammer head move downward under the action of weight in step two, without the need for an air source to supply air, thus saving air.

[0028] (3) In the method of using a cylinder to puncture the feed port, if the pneumatic-electric converter of the front stroke valve has no output within the set time, the shell-breaking cylinder pressurizes and breaks the shell, thus realizing on-demand air supply; when the piston triggers the detection end of the front stroke valve, the pressurization and shell breaking immediately stops.

[0029] (4) When the piston triggers the detection end of the rear stroke valve, the rear stroke valve opens and drives valve two to move, cutting off the air intake passage of valve three and supplying air as needed.

[0030] (5) During the downward movement of the piston rod and piston in step two, the B chamber of valve one and the air outlet two are connected, and the air pressure above and below the piston is the same, so that the piston rod and the hammer head move down smoothly under their own gravity. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below:

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the throttle-type cylinder provided in Example 1 Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the throttle-type cylinder provided in Example 1 Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the throttle-type cylinder provided in Example 1;

[0035] Figure 4 A 3D view of the combined valve in the throttle-type cylinder;

[0036] Figure 5 Diagram showing the locking state of the combination valve in the throttle-type cylinder;

[0037] Figure 6 The diagram shows the state of the combined valve in step two of the method of using a cylinder to pierce the feed port;

[0038] Figure 7 The diagram shows the state of the combined valve in step three of the method of using a cylinder to puncture the feed port;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the state of the combined valve during pressurization and shell breaking in step four of the method of using a cylinder to break through the discharge port.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the state of the combined valve during the piston rod and piston retraction process in step four of the method of using a cylinder to puncture the discharge port.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0042] 1—Piston rod, 2—Front cover, 3—Cylinder, 4—Piston, 5—Rear cover;

[0043] 6—Combination valve, 61—Valve core one, 62—Valve core two, 63—Valve core three;

[0044] 7—Stroke valve, 71—Front stroke valve, 72—Rear stroke valve;

[0045] 8—Self-locking component; 9—Front cover air inlet pipe; 10—Stroke valve air inlet pipe; 11—Stroke valve air outlet pipe;

[0046] FA—Valve 1, FB—Valve 2, FC—Valve 3, P—Combination valve inlet, O1—Outlet 1, O2—Outlet 2, D1—Direct-acting solenoid valve 1, D2—Direct-acting solenoid valve 2, K1—Pneumatic-electric converter 1, K2—Pneumatic-electric converter 2, A0—Through hole 1, A1—Through hole 2. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-9 To further describe the present invention, a throttle-operated cylinder, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a piston rod 1, a front cover 2, a cylinder 3, a piston 4, and a rear cover 5. The end of the piston rod 1 is equipped with a shell-breaking hammer. It also includes a combination valve 6, a stroke valve 7, and a PLC controller. The combination valve 6 is installed on the rear side of the rear cover 5. The stroke valve 7 includes a front stroke valve 71 and a rear stroke valve 72. The combination valve 6 and the stroke valve 7 are respectively connected to the PLC controller for communication.

[0051] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the combination valve 6 includes valve 1 FA, valve 2 FB and valve 3 FC, which are combined into one unit. Valve 2 FB is located between valve 1 FA and valve 3 FC. The valve bodies of valve 1 FA, valve 2 FB and valve 3 FC all include valve chambers and valve cores, and the valve cores can slide within the valve chambers. The valve cores of valve 1 FA, valve 2 FB and valve 3 FC are parallel in length direction.

[0052] like Figure 5As shown, the combination valve 6 has one combination valve inlet P and two outlets. The combination valve inlet P is connected to an external air source through an air pipe. The two outlets are outlet one O1 and outlet two O2, respectively. The combination valve inlet P and outlet two O2 are connected to the valve chamber of valve one FA. Outlet one O1 is connected to the valve chamber of valve three FC.

[0053] like Figures 5-9 As shown, the reciprocating sliding of the valve core of valve FA can control the intake and exhaust of cylinder 3 near the rear cover 5; the reciprocating sliding of the valve core of valve FB can control the opening and closing of the valve chambers of valve FA and valve FC; the reciprocating sliding of the valve core of valve FC can control the intake and exhaust of cylinder 3 near the front cover 2.

[0054] like Figures 5-9 As shown, the valve chamber of valve FA includes chambers G, B, J, and C from left to right. Connecting holes are provided between chambers G and B, between chambers B and J, and between chambers J and C. Chamber B is connected to the cylinder 3 near the rear cover 5, and the outlet O2 is connected to chamber G. The valve core of valve FA is valve core 61, which includes, from left to right, a shoulder 1, a cutting groove 1, a shoulder 2, a cutting groove 3, and a shoulder 3. A portion of the cutting groove of valve core 61 slides in the connecting hole between chambers G and B. A portion of the cutting groove 2 of valve core 61 slides in the connecting hole between chambers J and C. The shoulder 2 of valve core 61 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the connecting hole between chambers B and J.

[0055] like Figures 5-9 As shown, the valve chamber of valve FB includes chamber D and chamber E from left to right, and a connecting hole is provided between chamber D and chamber E; chamber E is connected to chamber C of valve FA through through hole A0; the valve core of valve FB is valve core 62, which includes shoulder 4, countersinking groove 3, and shoulder 5 from left to right; the countersinking groove 3 part of valve core 62 slides in the connecting hole between chamber D and chamber E.

[0056] like Figures 5-9 As shown, the valve chamber of valve FC includes chambers H, A, and F from left to right. There are connecting holes between chambers H and A, and between chambers A and F. Chamber F is connected to chamber D of valve FB through through hole A1. The valve core of valve FC is valve core 63, which includes shoulder 6, countersinking groove 4, and shoulder 7 from left to right. The countersinking groove 4 of valve core 63 slides in the connecting holes between chambers H and A, and between chambers A and F. Chamber A is connected to cylinder 3 near the front cover 2 through the front cover intake pipe 9, and the exhaust port O1 is connected to chamber H.

[0057] like Figure 4As shown, the combination valve 6 also includes a direct-acting solenoid valve D1 and a direct-acting solenoid valve D2, which are respectively connected to the PLC controller. The energization and de-energization of the direct-acting solenoid valve D1 can drive the valve core 61 to reciprocate; the energization and de-energization of the direct-acting solenoid valve D2 can drive the valve core 63 to reciprocate. Figure 2 As shown, both the front stroke valve 71 and the rear stroke valve 72 are direct-acting normally closed valves. The opening and closing of the rear stroke valve 72 can drive the reciprocating movement of the valve core 62.

[0058] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, both direct-acting solenoid valve 1 D1 and direct-acting solenoid valve 2 D2 are direct-acting two-position three-way solenoid valves, and both include a working air outlet and an air inlet. The air inlet of the direct-acting two-position three-way solenoid valve is connected to an external air source.

[0059] Both the front stroke valve 71 and the rear stroke valve 72 are cartridge-type two-position three normally closed stroke valves, and both include a working air outlet and an air inlet; the air inlets of the front stroke valve 71 and the rear stroke valve 72 are respectively connected to an external air source through the stroke valve air inlet pipe 10; the working air outlet of the front stroke valve 71 is connected to the stroke valve air outlet pipe 11.

[0060] In this embodiment, the front stroke valve 71 and the rear stroke valve 72 are cartridge-type two-position three-normally closed stroke valves as described in CN202222980697.6, and the working outlet of the rear stroke valve 72 is the working port of the cartridge-type two-position three-normally closed stroke valve as described in CN202222980697.6.

[0061] The shape and structure of the direct-acting solenoid valve D1 and the direct-acting solenoid valve D2 in this embodiment are similar to those of the cartridge-type two-position three-normally closed stroke valve in CN202222980697.6, but the valve stem is electromagnetically controlled.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the front stroke valve 71 includes a pneumatic-electric converter K1, and the pneumatic measuring head of the pneumatic-electric converter K1 is installed at the working air outlet of the front stroke valve 71; the rear stroke valve 72 also includes a pneumatic-electric converter K2, and the pneumatic measuring head of the pneumatic-electric converter K2 is installed at the working air outlet of the rear stroke valve 72; the pneumatic-electric converter K1 and the pneumatic-electric converter K2 are respectively connected to the PLC controller for communication.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the throttle-type cylinder also includes a self-locking component 8, which can lock the piston rod 1 away from the hammer head end.

[0064] like Figure 5As shown, a piston is installed at one end of the shoulder of valve core 61. The cross-sectional area of ​​the other end of valve core 61 is smaller than that of piston 61. The side of piston 61 away from valve core 61 is connected to the working outlet of direct-acting solenoid valve D1. The end of valve core 61 away from piston 61 is connected to an external air source.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, piston 2 is installed at the four ends of the shoulder of valve core 2 62. The cross-sectional area of ​​the other end of valve core 2 62 is smaller than that of piston 2. The side of piston 2 away from valve core 2 62 is connected to the working air outlet of the rear stroke valve 72. The end of valve core 2 62 away from piston 2 is connected to an external air source.

[0066] like Figure 5 As shown, a piston is installed at the shoulder of valve core 63. The cross-sectional area of ​​the other end of valve core 63 is smaller than that of piston 3. The side of piston 3 away from valve core 63 is connected to the working outlet of direct-acting solenoid valve 2 D2. The end of valve core 63 away from piston 3 is connected to an external air source.

[0067] Because a piston is installed at one end of valve core 1 (61), valve core 2 (62), and valve core 3 (63), and no piston is installed at the other end (due to a smaller cross-sectional area), when air is supplied to the piston end, valve core 1 (61), valve core 2 (62), and valve core 3 (63) are pushed by the piston due to the larger cross-sectional area (greater pressure) at the piston end; when air is not supplied to the piston end, the air source pushes the end away from the piston, and valve core 1 (61), valve core 2 (62), and valve core 3 (63) reset.

[0068] A method for penetrating the feed inlet using a cylinder, comprising the following steps: (The method utilizes the aforementioned air-saving shell-piercing cylinder to penetrate the shell layer at the feed inlet of the electrolytic cell.)

[0069] Step 1: The throttle-type shell-breaking cylinder is installed vertically, with the shell-breaking hammer at the lower end of piston rod 1 directly facing the shell layer at the feed inlet of the electrolytic cell; (e.g., ...) Figure 5 As shown, in the initial state, piston 4 approaches the rear cover 5 and presses the probe end of the rear stroke valve 72, and the outlet of the rear stroke valve 72 outputs air. The gas-electric converter K2 transmits the signal to the PLC controller. At the same time, the opening of the rear stroke valve 72 drives the valve core 62 of valve FB to move and cut off the air intake passage of valve FC. At the same time, the shoulder of valve core 61 in valve FA blocks the gas passage between the air intake port P of the combination valve and the B chamber in valve FA. At the same time, the shoulder of valve core 63 in valve FC blocks the gas passage between the H chamber and the A chamber. The self-locking component 8 locks the piston rod 1 away from the hammer head end.

[0070] Step 2: The PLC controller receives a command to pierce the shell at the feed inlet of the electrolytic cell, such as... Figure 6As shown, firstly, the direct-acting solenoid valve D2 is energized, which drives the valve core 63 of valve FC to move. The A chamber of valve FC is connected to the outlet port O1. The shoulder 7 of valve core 63 blocks the connecting hole between the A chamber and the F chamber. The cylinder 3 exhausts near the front cover 2. Under the gravity of the hammer head and piston rod 1, the piston rod 1 and piston 4 move downward.

[0071] Step 3 as follows Figure 7 As shown, after piston 4 leaves stroke valve 72, valve core 62 of valve FB resets, opening the intake passage of valve FC; because the shoulder 7 of valve core 63 blocks the connecting hole between chamber A and chamber F, piston 4 and the shell-breaking hammer continue to move downward.

[0072] Step four: If the pneumatic-electric converter K1 of the pre-stroke valve 71 has no output within the set time, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the PLC controller energizes the direct-acting solenoid valve D1, which in turn moves the valve core 61 of valve FA. The combined valve's air inlet P connects to chamber B, and the rear side of cylinder 3 connects to the air source. The piston rod 1 and the hammer head apply pressure to the casing. Figure 9 As shown, when the air pressure is increased to the point that it can break the shell, the piston 4 will continue to move down and press the probe end of the front stroke valve 71. The pneumatic-electric converter K1 of the front stroke valve 71 outputs a signal to the PLC controller. Then the PLC controller will control the direct-acting solenoid valve D1 and the direct-acting solenoid valve D2 to de-energize, valve FA and valve FC to reset, air is introduced into chamber A and air is discharged into chamber B, causing the piston rod 1 and piston 4 to retract.

[0073] Step 5: After piston 4 triggers the detection end of the rear stroke valve 72, the rear stroke valve 72 opens, causing valve core 62 to move, cutting off the intake passage of valve FC, and returning to the state of step 1, as shown. Figure 5 As shown.

[0074] Another scenario in step four: If the fire hole is clear (no shell breaking is required), the forward stroke valve 71 will be triggered within the set time. The pneumatic-electric converter K1 of the forward stroke valve 71 outputs a signal to the PLC controller. Then, the PLC controller will control the direct-acting solenoid valve D2 to de-energize, the valve FC to reset, the A chamber to ventilate, and the B chamber to exhaust, causing the piston rod 1 and piston 4 to retract.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, in step one, the rear stroke valve 72 opens and drives the valve core 62 of valve FB to move. The shoulder of valve core 62 blocks the connecting hole between the D and E chambers of valve FB, cutting off the air intake passage of valve FC.

[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, during the downward movement of piston rod 1 and piston 4 in step two, the B chamber of valve FA and the outlet 2 O2 are connected.

[0077] like Figure 8 As shown, in step four, the air inlet P of the combination valve is connected to the B chamber, and at the same time, the shoulder of valve core 61 blocks the connecting hole between the G chamber and the B chamber; the shoulder of valve core 61 blocks the connecting hole between the J chamber and the C chamber.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: a return spring 1 is installed at the end of valve core 1 61 that is away from piston 1; a return spring 2 is installed at the end of valve core 2 62 that is away from piston 2; and a return spring 3 is installed at the end of valve core 3 63 that is away from piston 3.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting cylinder for cutting grain, comprising a piston rod (1), a front cover (2), a cylinder barrel (3), a piston (4) and a rear cover (5), a cutting hammer head being mounted on the end of the piston rod (1); characterized in that, Also include combination valve (6), stroke valve (7) and PLC controller; The combination valve (6) is installed in the rear side of rear cover (5), the stroke valve (7) includes front stroke valve (71) and rear stroke valve (72), and the combination valve (6) and stroke valve (7) are respectively connected with PLC controller communication; The combination valve (6) includes valve one (FA), valve two (FB) and valve three (FC) combined into one, and the valve two (FB) is between the valve one (FA) and the valve three (FC); The valve body of the valve one (FA), the valve two (FB) and the valve three (FC) includes a valve cavity and a valve core, and the valve core can slide in the valve cavity; The valve core length direction of the valve one (FA), the valve two (FB) and the valve three (FC) is parallel; The combination valve (6) is provided with a combination valve air inlet (P) and two air outlets, the combination valve air inlet (P) is communicated with external air source through air pipe, and the two air outlets are air outlet one (O1) and air outlet two (O2) respectively; The combination valve air inlet (P), air outlet two (O2) and the valve cavity of valve one (FA) are communicated; The air outlet one (O1) is communicated with the valve cavity of valve three (FC). The reciprocating sliding of the valve core of the valve one (FA) can control the air inlet and air outlet of the cylinder barrel (3) close to the rear cover (5) side; The reciprocating sliding of the valve core of the valve two (FB) can control the disconnection and communication of the valve cavities of the valve one (FA) and the valve three (FC); The reciprocating sliding of the valve core of the valve three (FC) can control the air inlet and air outlet of the cylinder barrel (3) close to the front cover (2) side.

2. The knock-out shell cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that The valve cavity of the valve one (FA) includes G cavity, B cavity, J cavity and C cavity from left to right, and the communication holes are arranged between the G cavity and the B cavity, between the B cavity and the J cavity and between the J cavity and the C cavity; The B cavity is communicated with the cylinder barrel (3) close to the rear cover (5) side, and the air outlet two (O2) is communicated with the G cavity; The valve core of the valve one (FA) is valve core one (61), which includes shoulder one, undercut groove one, shoulder two, undercut groove two and shoulder three from left to right; The undercut groove one part of the valve core one (61) slides in the communication hole between the G cavity and the B cavity; The undercut groove two part of the valve core one (61) slides in the communication hole between the J cavity and the C cavity; The shoulder two part of the valve core one (61) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the communication hole between the B cavity and the J cavity.

3. The knock-out shell cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that The valve cavity of the valve two (FB) includes D cavity and E cavity from left to right, and the communication hole is arranged between the D cavity and the E cavity; The E cavity is communicated with the C cavity of the valve one (FA) through the through hole one (A0); The valve core of the valve two (FB) is valve core two (62), which includes shoulder four, undercut groove three and shoulder five from left to right; The undercut groove three part of the valve core two (62) slides in the communication hole between the D cavity and the E cavity.

4. The knock-out shell cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that The valve cavity of the valve three (FC) includes H cavity, A cavity and F cavity from left to right, and the H cavity, A cavity and A cavity, F cavity are all provided with communication holes; the F cavity is communicated with the D cavity of the valve two (FB) through the through hole two (A1); the valve core of the valve three (FC) is the valve core three (63), which includes shoulder six, undercut groove four and shoulder seven from left to right; the undercut groove four part of the valve core three (63) slides in the communication hole between the H cavity, A cavity and A cavity, F cavity; the A cavity is communicated with the cylinder barrel (3) near the front cover (2) side through the front cover air inlet pipe (9), and the air outlet one (O1) is communicated with the H cavity.

5. The knock-out shell cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that The combined valve (6) further includes the direct-acting electromagnetic valve one (D1) and the direct-acting electromagnetic valve two (D2), and the direct-acting electromagnetic valve one (D1) and the direct-acting electromagnetic valve two (D2) are respectively communicated with the PLC controller; the switching of the power-on and power-off of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve one (D1) can drive the valve core one (61) to reciprocate; The switching of the power-on and power-off of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve two (D2) can drive the valve core three (63) to reciprocate; The front stroke valve (71) and the rear stroke valve (72) are both direct-acting normally closed valves, and the opening and closing of the rear stroke valve (72) can drive the valve core two (62) to reciprocate.

6. The knock-out shell cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that The direct-acting electromagnetic valve one (D1) and the direct-acting electromagnetic valve two (D2) are both direct-acting two-position three-way electromagnetic valves, and both include working air outlet and air inlet, and the air inlet of the direct-acting two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is communicated with the external air source; The front stroke valve (71) and the rear stroke valve (72) are both plug-in type two-position three normally closed stroke valves, and both include working air outlet and air inlet; the air inlets of the front stroke valve (71) and the rear stroke valve (72) are respectively communicated with the external air source through the stroke valve air inlet pipe (10); the working air outlet of the front stroke valve (71) is communicated with the stroke valve air outlet pipe (11); The front stroke valve (71) includes the pneumatic-electric converter one (K1), and the pneumatic measuring head of the pneumatic-electric converter one (K1) is installed on the working air outlet of the front stroke valve (71); the rear stroke valve (72) further includes the pneumatic-electric converter two (K2), and the pneumatic measuring head of the pneumatic-electric converter two (K2) is installed on the working air outlet of the rear stroke valve (72); the pneumatic-electric converter one (K1) and the pneumatic-electric converter two (K2) are respectively communicated with the PLC controller.

7. The knock-out shell cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that The air cylinder for air throttle shell breaking further includes a self-locking component (8), which can lock the piston rod (1) away from the hammer head end; The shoulder one end of the valve core one (61) is provided with the piston one, and the other end of the valve core one (61) has a smaller cross-sectional area than the piston one; the side of the piston one away from the valve core one (61) is communicated with the working air outlet of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve one (D1), and the end of the valve core one (61) away from the piston one is communicated with the external air source; The shoulder four end of the valve core two (62) is provided with a piston two, the other end of the valve core two (62) has a smaller cross section than the piston two, the side of the piston two away from the valve core two (62) is communicated with the working outlet of the rear stroke valve (72), and the end of the valve core two (62) away from the piston two is communicated with an external gas source. The shoulder seven end of the valve core three (63) is provided with a piston three, the other end of the valve core three (63) has a smaller cross section than the piston three, the side of the piston three away from the valve core three (63) is communicated with the working outlet of the direct-acting electromagnetic valve two (D2), and the end of the valve core three (63) away from the piston three is communicated with an external gas source.

8. A method of piercing a blanking port with a cylinder, characterized by, The application discloses a shell layer penetrating cylinder for electrolytic trough discharge port, which comprises the following steps: In the initial state, the piston (4) is close to the rear cover (5) and presses the detection end of the rear stroke valve (72), the working outlet of the rear stroke valve (72) has output gas, the gas-electricity converter two (K2) transmits a signal to the PLC controller, the opening of the rear stroke valve (72) drives the valve core two (62) of the valve two (FB) to move and cut off the air inlet passage of the valve three (FC), the shoulder two of the valve core one (61) in the valve one (FA) blocks the gas passage between the combined valve air inlet (P) and the B cavity in the valve one (FA), the shoulder six of the valve core three (63) in the valve three (FC) blocks the gas passage between the H cavity and the A cavity, and the self-locking part (8) locks the piston rod (1) away from the striking hammer head end. When the piston (4) is away from the rear stroke valve (72), the valve core two (62) of the valve two (FB) is reset, the air inlet passage of the valve three (FC) is opened, the shoulder seven of the valve core three (63) blocks the communication hole between the A cavity and the F cavity, the piston (4) and the striking hammer head continue to move downwards, and the cylinder barrel (3) is close to the front cover (2) side. ​ Step four: the solenoid valve one (D1) is powered by the PLC controller, which drives the valve core one (61) of the valve one (FA) to move, and the combined valve inlet (P) is connected to the B cavity, so that the rear side of the cylinder (3) is connected to the air source, and the piston rod (1) and the hammer head are pressurized to break the shell. When the air pressure reaches a certain level, the piston (4) will continue to move downward to press the detection end of the front stroke valve (71), and the gas-electric converter one (K1) of the front stroke valve (71) outputs a signal to the PLC controller. Then the PLC controller controls the solenoid valve one (D1) and the solenoid valve two (D2) to be powered off, and the valve one (FA) and the valve three (FC) are reset. The A cavity is ventilated, and the B cavity is exhausted, so that the piston rod (1) and the piston (4) are retracted. Step five: when the piston (4) triggers the detection end of the rear stroke valve (72), the opening of the rear stroke valve (72) drives the valve core two (62) to move, cutting off the air inlet path of the valve three (FC) and returning to the state of step one.

9. The method of piercing a blanking opening with a cylinder as defined in claim 8, wherein, In step one, the opening of the rear stroke valve (72) drives the valve core two (62) of the valve two (FB) to move, and the shoulder four of the valve core two (62) blocks the communication hole between the D cavity and the E cavity of the valve two (FB), cutting off the air inlet path of the valve three (FC).

10. The method of piercing a blanking opening with a cylinder of claim 8, wherein, In step two, the piston rod (1) and the piston (4) move downward, and the B cavity of the valve one (FA) is connected to the outlet two (02). In step four, the combined valve inlet (P) is connected to the B cavity, and the shoulder one of the valve core one (61) blocks the communication hole between the G cavity and the B cavity. The shoulder two of the valve core one (61) blocks the communication hole between the J cavity and the C cavity.

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