A piezoceramic relay

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of relays, and discloses a piezoelectric ceramic relay, which comprises a bottom plate, a protective shell movably mounted at the top end of the bottom plate, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate fixedly installed at the middle of the top end of the bottom plate and located in the protective shell, and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate fixedly installed at the middle of the top end of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and located in the protective shell. The piezoelectric effect is utilized to realize the stretching of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the compression of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate by inputting a forward electric field and a reverse electric field, the relative approaching of two fixed plates is realized by the stretching action of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the compression action of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the relative approaching of two contact point assemblies is realized, in the whole deformation process, the acting force on the material is uniform, the problem of precision reduction caused by excessive stress on the stress position of the traditional device is avoided, the contact and separation between the contacts are not affected, and the service life is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of relay technology, specifically a piezoelectric ceramic relay. Background Technology

[0002] A relay is an electrical control device that causes a predetermined step change in the controlled variable in the electrical output circuit when the change in the input quantity (excitation quantity) reaches a specified requirement. It has an interactive relationship between the control system (also known as the input circuit) and the controlled system (also known as the output circuit). It is commonly used in automated control circuits; essentially, it is an "automatic switch" that uses a small current to control a large current. The main function of a relay is to switch circuits. Traditional relays mainly utilize the energization of an electromagnet to generate magnetic force, thereby moving the armature and achieving the purpose of circuit switching. This type of relay has a relatively complex internal structure and high maintenance costs. Therefore, existing technology has developed piezoelectric ceramic relays, which use piezoelectric ceramics as the main component.

[0003] Piezoelectric ceramics are functional ceramic materials that can convert mechanical energy and electrical energy into each other. In the application of relays, a certain electric field is generally applied to the piezoelectric ceramic. Under the action of the electric field, a certain mechanical stress is generated inside the piezoelectric ceramic, causing it to deform and thus achieve contact. However, the piezoelectric ceramic relays currently used generally contain a single piezoelectric ceramic. By limiting the deformation position of the piezoelectric ceramic, the deformation of a specific position is controlled to achieve the circuit switching. This device can cause excessive deformation at the stress position of the piezoelectric ceramic plate. Over time, this can easily lead to insufficient deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic to achieve contact, resulting in a shorter service life.

[0004] In practical applications of relays made of piezoelectric ceramics, the deformation effect of the piezoelectric ceramics causes the contacts to come into contact with each other to achieve circuit switching. However, the amount of deformation generated by the piezoelectric ceramics is positively correlated with the electric field strength it experiences. That is, within a certain range, the higher the electric field strength experienced by the piezoelectric ceramics, the greater the amount of deformation it generates. As the amount of deformation gradually increases, the two contacts still tend to get relatively close. At this time, the pressure between the two contacts increases, which can lead to the contacts bearing high pressure and pose a risk of damaging the contacts. Therefore, improvements are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a piezoelectric ceramic relay to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a piezoelectric ceramic relay, comprising a base plate, a protective shell movably mounted on the top of the base plate, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate fixedly mounted inside the protective shell at the center of the top of the base plate, a second piezoelectric ceramic plate fixedly mounted inside the protective shell at the center of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate, the second piezoelectric ceramic plate being located above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates being perpendicular to each other, a fixing plate being provided at the center of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate, and a fixing plate being provided at the center of the top of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. The system comprises two fixing plates, one of which is positioned above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the other above the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. Contact components are embedded in the middle of both fixing plates, and these contact components are symmetrically arranged vertically. Self-cleaning components are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top of the fixing plate above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate. First pins are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate, and second pins are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. The bottom ends of both the first and second pins penetrate the bottom of the base plate.

[0007] Before actual use, the two first pins and the two second pins need to be connected to an external electric field. The two first pins are connected to a positive electric field, while the two second pins are connected to a negative electric field. At the same time, the connecting wires of the two contact components can be connected to the external circuit to complete the preparation before use.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, fixed guide rails are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the front and rear sides of the top of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. A locking block is movably engaged in the middle of the top of each fixed guide rail, and a locking bolt is installed at the bottom of each locking block.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the bottom end of the locking bolt passes through the bottom end of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate or the second piezoelectric ceramic plate, the locking block is fixed to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate or the second piezoelectric ceramic plate by the locking bolt, and the top end of the locking block is fixedly installed with a first fixing seat, and the end of the first fixing seat away from the locking block is movably connected to a connecting rod through a rotating shaft.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the ends of the connecting rods away from the first fixed seat are movably connected to the second fixed seats through a rotating shaft. The top end of the second fixed seat is connected to the bottom end of the fixed plate, and the two second fixed seats are located on both sides of the bottom end of the fixed plate.

[0011] When switching the circuit on and off, a positive electric field is applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate through the first pin, and a negative electric field is applied to the second piezoelectric ceramic plate through the second pin. The first piezoelectric ceramic plate is stretched by the positive electric field, causing the two upper fixed rails to move away from each other. The two upper connecting rods deflect, increasing the angle between them. The fixed plate above the connecting rods then descends, causing the contact assembly in the middle to descend as well. Meanwhile, the second piezoelectric ceramic plate is compressed by the negative electric field, causing the two connecting rods above it to deflect, decreasing the angle between them. The fixed plate above the connecting rods then rises, bringing the two fixed plates closer together and causing the two contact assemblies to move closer until they make contact, thus connecting the circuit. Conversely, removing the electric field causes the two contact assemblies to move away from each other, completing the circuit connection.

[0012] By setting two mutually perpendicular piezoelectric ceramic plates, the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates are stretched and compressed by inputting a positive and a negative electric field, utilizing the piezoelectric effect. The stretching and compression of the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates bring the two fixed plates closer together, thereby bringing the two contact components closer together. During the entire deformation process, the material is subjected to uniform force, avoiding the problem of excessive force on the force-bearing position and the resulting decrease in accuracy in traditional devices. It does not affect the contact and separation between the contacts and has a long service life.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the contact assembly includes a storage sleeve, which is embedded in the middle of a fixing plate. A conductive rod is movably connected inside the storage sleeve, and the conductive rod can move up and down relative to the storage sleeve. A metal contact is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the conductive rod.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a rubber sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the storage sleeve, the inner diameter of the rubber sleeve and the storage sleeve are the same, the inner diameter of the rubber sleeve is the same as the diameter of the metal contact, and the top end of the conductive rod passes through the top end of the storage sleeve and is fixedly installed with an electrode plate.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a return spring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the conductive rod, and the upper and lower ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the receiving sleeve and the top end of the bottom of the metal contact.

[0016] When an electric field is applied to the device, the two contact components are brought closer together, and the distance between the two metal contacts is shortened. When the distance exceeds a predetermined threshold, the two metal contacts just touch, and the circuit is connected. When the electric field is continuously applied and the electric field strength increases, the two metal contacts can touch each other and exert opposite forces on each other. At this time, both the upper and lower reset springs are compressed. The upper metal contact moves upward and the lower metal contact moves downward until most of the metal contacts enter the housing. When the metal contacts retract, the reset springs can absorb the impact force. When the applied electric field disappears, the reset springs can automatically reset, realizing the automatic reset of the metal contacts.

[0017] By using two mutually perpendicular piezoelectric ceramic plates, the piezoelectric effect is utilized to bring the two contact components closer together. The metal contacts are set as movable contacts. The relative force generated by the relative proximity of the two metal contacts is buffered by a return spring, which prevents the two metal contacts from being subjected to force for a long time, reduces the interaction force between the two metal contacts, and avoids the problem of excessive pressure between the two contacts in traditional devices that can easily cause damage. The contact life is longer.

[0018] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the self-cleaning component includes an extension frame, the bottom end of which is connected to the top end of the upper fixed plate, an air storage tube is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the extension frame, a piston plate is movably sleeved inside the air storage tube, and a piston rod located inside the air storage tube is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston plate.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the bottom end of the piston rod passes through the bottom end of the gas storage pipe and is connected to a limiting plate. A limiting spring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod. The upper and lower ends of the limiting spring are respectively connected to the bottom end of the gas storage pipe and the top end of the limiting plate. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the left side of the gas storage pipe near the top end, and an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the right side of the gas storage pipe near the top end.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the other end of the exhaust pipe passes through the bottom end of the fixing plate and is located on one side of the contact assembly. Both the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are equipped with one-way valves, and the valves are respectively open to the inside of the extension frame and closed to the outside of the extension frame, and open to the outside of the extension frame and closed to the inside of the extension frame.

[0021] When an electric field is applied to the device, the two fixed plates move closer together, allowing the bottom of the piston rod to contact the top of the lower fixed plate. As the two fixed plates approach each other, the lower fixed plate applies upward pressure to the piston rod, compressing the limit spring and causing the piston plate to rise. The piston plate then applies pressure to the air inside the air storage tube and discharges the air through the exhaust pipe. Simultaneously, it acts on the contact assembly, cleaning its surface to some extent and removing some oxide powder. When the two fixed plates move away from each other, the limit spring causes the piston plate to automatically reset, creating a negative pressure inside the air storage tube. This draws in external air through the intake pipe, temporarily storing the air and preparing it for the next automatic cleaning cycle.

[0022] By further utilizing the piezoelectric effect of the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates, the deformation generated by the piezoelectric effect brings the two fixed plates closer together. The relative proximity of the two fixed plates closes the circuit and simultaneously allows air to be automatically ejected, achieving self-cleaning of the contact assembly surface. The process of device reset, i.e., circuit disconnection, allows for the automatic intake of external air. The entire process is automated, which can slow down the oxidation process to a certain extent, avoid excessive oxidation of the contacts that could cause a decrease in relay sensitivity, and reduce the number of relay maintenance cycles.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention uses two mutually perpendicular piezoelectric ceramic plates, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate. Utilizing the piezoelectric effect, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate is stretched and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate is compressed by inputting a positive and a negative electric field. The stretching and compression of the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates bring the two fixed plates closer together, thereby bringing the two contact components closer together. Throughout the deformation process, the material experiences uniform force, avoiding the problem of excessive force on the force-bearing position in traditional devices, which leads to a decrease in accuracy. It does not affect the contact and separation between the contacts and has a long service life.

[0025] 2. This invention uses two mutually perpendicular first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates to achieve relative proximity of two contact components through their piezoelectric effect. The metal contacts are set as movable contacts. Through the relative proximity of the two metal contacts and the relative force generated, and buffered by a return spring, the two metal contacts are prevented from being subjected to force for a long time, reducing the interaction force between the two metal contacts. This avoids the problem of excessive pressure between the two contacts in traditional devices, which can easily cause damage, and results in a longer contact life.

[0026] 3. This invention further utilizes the piezoelectric effect of the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates. The deformation generated by the piezoelectric effect brings the two fixed plates closer together. The relative proximity of the two fixed plates closes the circuit and simultaneously allows air to be automatically ejected, achieving self-cleaning of the contact assembly surface. The device resets, i.e., the circuit is disconnected, to automatically draw in external air. The entire process is automated, which can slow down the oxidation process to a certain extent, avoid excessive oxidation of the contacts that would cause a decrease in relay sensitivity, and reduce the number of relay maintenance cycles. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the protective shell of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention in its concealed protective shell state;

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the top structure of the first piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the top structure of the second piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a separate schematic diagram of the contact component structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a separate schematic diagram of the self-cleaning component structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the self-cleaning component of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Protective shell; 3. First piezoelectric ceramic plate; 4. Second piezoelectric ceramic plate; 5. Fixed guide rail; 6. Clamping block; 7. Locking bolt; 8. First fixed seat; 9. Second fixed seat; 10. Connecting rod; 11. Fixed plate; 12. Contact assembly; 121. Storage sleeve; 122. Rubber sleeve; 123. Metal contact; 124. Conductive rod; 125. Electrode plate; 126. Return spring; 13. Self-cleaning assembly; 131. Extension frame; 132. Air storage pipe; 133. Piston plate; 134. Piston rod; 135. Air inlet pipe; 136. Exhaust pipe; 137. Limiting spring; 14. First pin; 15. Second pin. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a piezoelectric ceramic relay includes a base plate 1, a protective shell 2 movably mounted on the top of the base plate 1, a first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 fixedly mounted inside the protective shell 2 at the middle of the top of the base plate 1, and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 fixedly mounted inside the protective shell 2 at the middle of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3. The second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 is located above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 and the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 are perpendicular to each other. A fixing plate 11 is provided at the middle of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3, and a fixing plate 11 is also provided at the middle of the top of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4. The number of fixing plates 11 is... There are two fixing plates, one above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 and the other above the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4. A contact assembly 12 is embedded in the middle of each fixing plate 11. The two contact assemblies 12 are arranged symmetrically. A self-cleaning assembly 13 is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top of the fixing plate 11 above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3. A first pin 14 is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3. A second pin 15 is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4. The bottom ends of the first pin 14 and the second pin 15 both penetrate the bottom end of the base plate 1.

[0038] Before actual use, the two first pins 14 and the two second pins 15 need to be connected to the external electric field. The two first pins 14 are connected to the positive electric field, while the two second pins 15 are connected to the negative electric field. At the same time, the connecting wires of the two contact components 12 can be connected to the external circuit to complete the preparation before use.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, fixed guide rails 5 are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 and the front and rear sides of the top of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4. A locking block 6 is movably engaged in the middle of the top of the fixed guide rail 5. A locking bolt 7 is installed at the bottom of the locking block 6. The bottom of the locking bolt 7 passes through the bottom of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 or the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4. The locking block 6 is fixed to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 or the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 by the locking bolt 7. A first fixing seat 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the locking block 6. A connecting rod 10 is movably connected to the end of the first fixing seat 8 away from the locking block 6 through a rotating shaft. A second fixing seat 9 is movably connected to the end of the connecting rod 10 away from the first fixing seat 8 through a rotating shaft. The top of the second fixing seat 9 is connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 11. The two second fixing seats 9 are located on both sides of the bottom of the fixing plate 11.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] When switching the circuit on and off, a positive electric field can be applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 through the first pin 14, and a negative electric field can be applied to the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 through the second pin 15. At this time, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 will be stretched by the positive electric field. The two upper fixed guide rails 5 will move away from each other, and the two upper connecting rods 10 will deflect. The angle between the two connecting rods 10 will increase. At this time, the fixed plate 11 located above the two connecting rods 10 will descend, and drive the contact assembly 12 in the middle to descend as well. The second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 can be compressed by the negative electric field. At this time, the two connecting rods 10 above the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 deflect and the included angle between the two connecting rods 10 decreases. The fixed plate 11 above the two connecting rods 10 rises and the two fixed plates 11 move closer to each other, which in turn drives the two contact components 12 to move closer to each other until the two contact components 12 make contact with each other and complete the circuit connection. Conversely, when the electric field is removed, the two contact components 12 can be moved away from each other and complete the circuit connection.

[0042] By setting two mutually perpendicular piezoelectric ceramic plates 3 and 4, and utilizing the piezoelectric effect, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 is stretched and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 is compressed by inputting a positive electric field and a reverse electric field. The stretching action of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 and the compression action of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 bring the two fixed plates 11 closer together, thereby bringing the two contact assemblies 12 closer together. During the entire deformation process, the material is subjected to uniform force, avoiding the problem of excessive force on the force-bearing position in traditional devices, which leads to a decrease in accuracy. It does not affect the contact and separation between the contacts and has a long service life.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 as well as Figure 6As shown, the contact assembly 12 includes a storage sleeve 121, which is embedded in the middle of the fixing plate 11. A conductive rod 124 is movably sleeved inside the storage sleeve 121, and the conductive rod 124 can move up and down relative to the storage sleeve 121. A metal contact 123 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the conductive rod 124, and a rubber sleeve 122 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the storage sleeve 121. The inner diameter of the rubber sleeve 122 is the same as that of the storage sleeve 121, and the inner diameter of the rubber sleeve 122 is the same as that of the metal contact 123. The top of the conductive rod 124 passes through the top of the storage sleeve 121 and is fixedly mounted with an electrode plate 125. A return spring 126 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the conductive rod 124. The upper and lower ends of the return spring 126 are respectively connected to the top of the inner cavity of the storage sleeve 121 and the bottom of the metal contact 123. The electrode plate 125 is connected to the external circuit through a connecting wire (not shown in the figure). The upper and lower electrode plates 125 correspond to the positive and negative poles of the circuit, respectively. The device is connected in series in the circuit through the two electrode plates 125.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] When an electric field is applied to the device, the two contact components 12 are relatively close, and the distance between the two metal contacts 123 is shortened. When the distance exceeds a predetermined threshold, the two metal contacts 123 just touch, and the circuit is connected. When the electric field is continuously applied and the electric field strength increases, the two metal contacts 123 can touch each other and exert opposite forces on each other. At this time, the upper and lower reset springs 126 are compressed. The upper metal contact 123 moves upward and the lower metal contact 123 moves downward until most of the metal contacts 123 enter the interior of the housing 121. When the metal contacts 123 retract, the reset spring 126 can absorb the impact force. When the applied electric field disappears, the reset spring 126 can automatically reset to realize the automatic reset of the metal contacts 123.

[0046] By using two mutually perpendicular first piezoelectric ceramic plates 3 and second piezoelectric ceramic plates 4, the piezoelectric effect is utilized to bring the two contact assemblies 12 closer together. The metal contacts 123 are set as movable contacts. The relative force generated by the relative proximity of the two metal contacts 123 is buffered by the return spring 126, which prevents the two metal contacts 123 from being subjected to force for a long time, reduces the interaction force between the two metal contacts 123, and avoids the problem of excessive pressure between the two contacts in traditional devices, which can easily cause damage. The contact life is longer.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 as well as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the self-cleaning assembly 13 includes an extension frame 131. The bottom end of the extension frame 131 is connected to the top end of the upper fixed plate 11. An air storage tube 132 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the extension frame 131. A piston plate 133 is movably sleeved inside the air storage tube 132. A piston rod 134 located inside the air storage tube 132 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston plate 133. The bottom end of the piston rod 134 passes through the bottom end of the air storage tube 132 and is connected to a limit plate. A limit spring 137 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod 134. The upper and lower ends of the limit spring 137 are respectively connected to the air storage tube 132. The bottom end of the air pipe 132 is connected to the top end of the limiting plate. The left side of the air storage pipe 132 near the top end is fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe 135, and the right side of the air storage pipe 132 near the top end is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe 136. The other end of the exhaust pipe 136 passes through the bottom end of the fixing plate 11 and is located on one side of the contact assembly 12. One-way valves are installed inside the air inlet pipe 135 and the exhaust pipe 136. The valves are respectively open to the inside of the extension frame 131 and closed to the outside of the extension frame 131, and open to the outside of the extension frame 131 and closed to the inside of the extension frame 131.

[0048] Example 3:

[0049] When an electric field is applied to the device, the two fixed plates 11 move closer together, and the bottom end of the piston rod 134 comes into contact with the top end of the lower fixed plate 11. As the two fixed plates 11 move closer together, the lower fixed plate 11 applies upward pressure to the piston rod 134, compressing the limit spring 137 and causing the piston plate 133 to rise. The piston plate 133 then applies pressure to the air inside the air storage tube 132 and discharges the air through the exhaust pipe 136. Simultaneously, it acts on the contact assembly 12 to clean its surface to a certain extent, removing some of the oxide powder. When the two fixed plates 11 move away from each other, the limit spring 137 causes the piston plate 133 to automatically reset and generate negative pressure inside the air storage tube 132, drawing in external air through the air inlet pipe 135 into the air storage tube 132, thus temporarily storing the air and preparing it for the next automatic cleaning.

[0050] By further utilizing the piezoelectric effect of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4, the deformation generated by the piezoelectric effect is used to bring the two fixed plates 11 closer together. The relative proximity of the two fixed plates 11 achieves circuit closure and automatic air ejection to achieve self-cleaning of the contact assembly 12 surface. The process of device reset, i.e., circuit disconnection, achieves automatic intake of external air. The entire process is completed automatically, which can slow down the oxidation process to a certain extent, avoid excessive oxidation of the contacts causing a decrease in relay sensitivity, and reduce the number of relay maintenance times.

[0051] Working principle and usage process:

[0052] Before actual use, it is necessary to connect the two first pins 14 and the two second pins 15 to the external electric field. The two first pins 14 are connected to the positive electric field and the two second pins 15 are connected to the negative electric field. At the same time, the connecting wires of the two contact components 12 can be connected to the external circuit to complete the preparation before use.

[0053] When switching the circuit on and off, a positive electric field can be applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 through the first pin 14, and a negative electric field can be applied to the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 through the second pin 15. At this time, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 3 will be stretched by the positive electric field. The two upper fixed guide rails 5 will move away from each other, and the two upper connecting rods 10 will deflect. The angle between the two connecting rods 10 will increase. At this time, the fixed plate 11 located above the two connecting rods 10 will descend, and drive the contact assembly 12 in the middle to descend as well. The second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 can be compressed by the negative electric field. At this time, the two connecting rods 10 above the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 4 deflect and the included angle between the two connecting rods 10 decreases. The fixed plate 11 above the two connecting rods 10 rises and the upper and lower fixed plates 11 move closer to each other, which in turn drives the two contact components 12 to move closer to each other until the two contact components 12 make contact with each other and complete the circuit connection. Conversely, when the electric field is removed, the two contact components 12 can be moved away from each other and complete the circuit connection.

[0054] When an electric field is applied to the device, the two contact components 12 are relatively close to each other, and the distance between the two metal contacts 123 is shortened. When the distance exceeds a predetermined threshold, the two metal contacts 123 just touch, and the circuit is connected. When the electric field is continuously applied and the electric field strength increases, the two metal contacts 123 can touch each other and exert opposite forces on each other. At this time, the upper reset spring 126 and the lower reset spring 126 are compressed. The upper metal contact 123 moves upward and the lower metal contact 123 moves downward until most of the metal contacts 123 enter the interior of the housing sleeve 121. When the metal contacts 123 retract, the reset spring 126 can absorb the impact force. When the applied electric field disappears, the reset spring 126 can automatically reset to realize the automatic reset of the metal contacts 123.

[0055] When an electric field is applied to the device, the two fixed plates 11 move closer together, and the bottom end of the piston rod 134 comes into contact with the top end of the lower fixed plate 11. As the two fixed plates 11 move closer together, the lower fixed plate 11 applies upward pressure to the piston rod 134, compressing the limit spring 137 and causing the piston plate 133 to rise. The piston plate 133 then applies pressure to the air inside the air storage tube 132 and discharges the air through the exhaust pipe 136. Simultaneously, it acts on the contact assembly 12 to clean its surface to a certain extent, removing some of the oxide powder. When the two fixed plates 11 move away from each other, the limit spring 137 causes the piston plate 133 to automatically reset and generate negative pressure inside the air storage tube 132, drawing in external air through the air inlet pipe 135 into the air storage tube 132, thus temporarily storing the air and preparing it for the next automatic cleaning.

[0056] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric ceramic relay, comprising a base plate, characterized in that: A protective shell is movably installed on the top of the base plate. A first piezoelectric ceramic plate is fixedly installed inside the protective shell at the middle of the top of the base plate. A second piezoelectric ceramic plate is fixedly installed inside the protective shell at the middle of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate. The second piezoelectric ceramic plate is located above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates are perpendicular to each other. A fixing plate is provided at the middle of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and a fixing plate is also provided at the middle of the top of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. There are two fixing plates. The fixing plate above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate is located above the fixing plate above the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. A contact assembly is embedded in the middle of both fixing plates. The two contact assemblies are arranged symmetrically. Self-cleaning components are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the top of the fixing plate above the first piezoelectric ceramic plate. A first pin with an external positive electric field is fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the bottom of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate. A second pin with an external negative electric field is fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the bottom of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. The bottom ends of the first and second pins penetrate the bottom of the base plate. The contact assembly includes a storage sleeve, which is embedded in the middle of a fixing plate. A conductive rod is movably connected inside the storage sleeve, and the conductive rod can move up and down relative to the storage sleeve. A metal contact is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the conductive rod. A rubber sleeve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage sleeve. The inner diameter of the rubber sleeve is the same as that of the storage sleeve. The inner diameter of the rubber sleeve is the same as that of the metal contact. The top end of the conductive rod passes through the top end of the storage sleeve and is fixedly installed with an electrode plate. A return spring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the conductive rod, and the upper and lower ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the receiving sleeve and the top end of the bottom of the metal contact. The self-cleaning component includes an extension frame, the bottom end of which is connected to the top end of an upper fixed plate. An air storage tube is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inner cavity of the extension frame. A piston plate is movably sleeved inside the air storage tube. A piston rod located inside the air storage tube is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston plate. The bottom end of the piston rod passes through the bottom end of the gas storage pipe and is connected to a limiting plate. A limiting spring is movably sleeved on the outer side of the piston rod. The upper and lower ends of the limiting spring are respectively connected to the bottom end of the gas storage pipe and the top end of the limiting plate. An air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the left side of the gas storage pipe near the top end, and an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the right side of the gas storage pipe near the top end.

2. The piezoelectric ceramic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fixed guide rails are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the top of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the front and rear sides of the top of the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. Each fixed guide rail has a locking block movably engaged in the middle of its top, and each locking block has a locking bolt installed at its bottom.

3. A piezoelectric ceramic relay according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the locking bolt passes through the bottom end of the first piezoelectric ceramic plate or the second piezoelectric ceramic plate. The locking block is fixed to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate or the second piezoelectric ceramic plate by the locking bolt. The top of the locking block is fixedly installed with a first fixing seat. The end of the first fixing seat away from the locking block is movably connected to a connecting rod through a rotating shaft.

4. A piezoelectric ceramic relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ends of the connecting rods away from the first fixed seat are movably connected to the second fixed seat via a rotating shaft. The top of the second fixed seat is connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, and the two second fixed seats are located on both sides of the bottom of the fixed plate.

5. A piezoelectric ceramic relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the exhaust pipe passes through the bottom end of the fixing plate and is located on one side of the contact assembly. Both the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are equipped with one-way valves, and the valves are respectively open to the inside of the extension frame and closed to the outside of the extension frame, and open to the outside of the extension frame and closed to the inside of the extension frame.

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