A dynamic grouting reinforcement structure and method for a local dangerous rock mass of a slope

Abstract

The application discloses a dynamic grouting reinforcing structure and method for a local dangerous rock mass of a slope, and belongs to the technical field of slope protection. The dynamic grouting reinforcing structure comprises an arched bearing wall. One side of the arched bearing wall facing the surface of the slope is a plane, and the other side of the arched bearing wall facing away from the surface of the slope is arched. The reinforcing structure further comprises reinforcing bodies for solidifying the dangerous rock mass. A plurality of perforations are arranged on the arched bearing wall and extend into the rock mass of the slope. The perforations penetrate the reinforcing bodies, and a dynamic grouting anchor rod is arranged in each perforation. The reinforcing structure avoids the situation that the lateral pressure is too large and the arched bearing wall is broken.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and particularly relates to a dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for local dangerous rock mass of a slope and a reinforcement method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In water conservancy and hydropower projects, the collapse and landslide of the slope area of large reservoirs due to the scouring action of rainwater and rivers has become an important type of address disaster in recent years, which brings serious safety hazards to the project, environment and passing ships.

[0003] The prior art usually uses anchor rod grouting to achieve dangerous rock mass reinforcement and plays a supporting role through the receiving wall. However, the existing grouting technology is only realized once. If subsequent rock mass sliding or rock mass alteration occurs, it is necessary to insert a steel pipe again for grouting, which greatly disturbs the rock mass, has high construction cost and cannot timely grout and reinforce according to the real-time situation of the rock mass.

[0004] In addition, generally, the receiving wall of the protection wall is a flat plate. When the rock mass is very large (more than 10 m), the lateral pressure of the flat plate receiving wall is too large and cannot be offset, so that the flat plate receiving wall will break due to the excessive lateral pressure, thereby affecting the protection effect of the slope. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for local dangerous rock mass of a slope and a reinforcement method, which solves the technical problems of how to reduce the disturbance to the rock mass during secondary reinforcement and how to reduce the lateral pressure to avoid the breakage of the receiving wall.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for local dangerous rock mass of a slope of the present application comprises an arched receiving wall, one side of the arched receiving wall facing the slope surface is a plane, and the other side of the arched receiving wall away from the slope surface is arched; the reinforcement structure further comprises a reinforcement body for solidifying the dangerous rock mass; a plurality of perforations extending into the slope rock mass are provided on the arched receiving wall, the perforations penetrate the reinforcement body, and a dynamic grouting anchor rod is arranged in each perforation.

[0007] Further, the dynamic grouting anchor rod comprises an outer sleeve, the axis of the outer sleeve coincides with the axis of the perforation; the dynamic grouting anchor rod further comprises an inner sleeve, the axis of the inner sleeve coincides with the axis of the outer sleeve, and the outer wall of the inner sleeve is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the outer sleeve; a plurality of rows of first grouting holes are provided on the inner sleeve, and each row of first grouting holes is equidistantly arranged along the axis of the inner sleeve; a grouting strip hole is provided on the outer sleeve; the length of the grouting strip hole along the axis of the outer sleeve is greater than the distance between the adjacent two threads on the inner sleeve; the left and right widths of the grouting strip hole are greater than the distance between the adjacent two rows of first grouting holes; a limiting ring is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve, and the limiting ring abuts against the upper wall of the arched receiving wall.

[0008] By rotating the inner sleeve pipe relative to the outer sleeve pipe to the deep, the first slurry outlet hole is located at different positions of the slurry strip hole, thereby changing the grouting position by grouting. Since the position of the first slurry outlet hole is deepened relative to the depth of the outer sleeve pipe, reinforcement at different depth positions of the slurry strip hole is achieved. Compared with the prior art, the anchor rod does not need to be taken out and the steel pipe is not needed to be punched in for grouting, thereby reducing the disturbance to the slope.

[0009] Further, the arched receiving wall is provided with a plurality of reinforcing holes extending into the slope rock mass, the reinforcing holes do not penetrate into the reinforcing body, and the reinforcing holes are provided with rock anchors for limiting the arched receiving wall.

[0010] The rock anchors are used to further stabilize the installation position of the arched receiving wall, thereby ensuring the protection effect of the arched receiving wall.

[0011] Further, the arched receiving wall is fixed with a plurality of second ground anchors, and the arched receiving wall is provided with first support rods and second support rods; one end of the first support rod and the second support rod is hinged to the second ground anchor, and the other end of the first support rod and the second support rod is provided with a first ground anchor, and the other end of the first support rod and the second support rod is hinged to the first ground anchor.

[0012] The first support rod, the second support rod, the first ground anchor and the second ground anchor are used to assist in supporting the arched receiving wall, so that the arched receiving wall is more stably placed on the slope.

[0013] Further, the arched receiving wall is provided with a drainage hole for draining underground water or surface water in the dangerous rock mass.

[0014] The underground water and surface water in the dangerous rock mass area are drained in time, thereby reducing the weight of the dangerous rock mass and the deterioration effect of water chemistry on the rock.

[0015] Further, a dynamic grouting reinforcement method for a local dangerous rock mass of a slope comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: injecting a reinforcing slurry into the dangerous rock mass of the slope, and waiting for the reinforcing slurry to solidify to form a reinforcing body;

[0017] S2: the plane of the arched receiving wall covers the dangerous rock mass area;

[0018] S3: punching the dynamic grouting anchor rod into the hole, and grouting in the hole by using the dynamic grouting anchor rod;

[0019] S4: punching the rock anchor into the reinforcing hole;

[0020] S5: fixing the first ground anchor on the slope, and supporting the arched receiving wall by the first support rod and the second support rod.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S1, the reinforcing grout is a cement grout, a biological grout, or a chemical grout.

[0022] Beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. This reinforcement structure is equipped with dynamic grouting anchors. By rotating the inner sleeve deeper into the outer sleeve, the first grout outlet can be located at different positions within the grout outlet strip, allowing grouting to be performed at various locations. Compared to existing technologies that require removing the anchor, inserting a steel pipe, and then grouting through the steel pipe to change the grouting position, this reduces disturbance to the slope.

[0024] 2. The use of an arched support wall enhances the lateral pressure resistance of the support wall, preventing it from breaking due to lateral pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this reinforced structure;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the reinforced structure;

[0027] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a dynamic grouting anchor.

[0028] Figure 4 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic grouting anchor.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the deformation values ​​of flat-plate and arched-plate walls under the same external force, with different specifications.

[0030] 1. Arched bearing wall; 2. Dynamic grouting anchor; 3. Outer sleeve; 4. Inner sleeve; 5. Limiting ring; 6. First grout outlet hole; 7. Grout outlet strip hole; 8. Rock mass anchor cable; 9. Slope rock mass; 10. Dangerous rock mass; 11. Reinforced body; 12. Upper support rod; 13. Lower support rod; 14. First ground anchor; 15. Second ground anchor; 16. Drainage hole; Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A method for dynamic grouting reinforcement of locally unstable rock masses on slopes includes the following steps:

[0033] S1: inject reinforcing slurry into the dangerous rock mass of the slope, and wait for the reinforcing slurry to solidify to form a reinforcing body 11; the reinforcing slurry is cement slurry; or chemical slurry, such as water-soluble polyurethane mixed chemical grouting material; or biological slurry, such as Bacillus pasteurii added to the aforementioned cement slurry;

[0034] S2: place an arched retaining wall 1 on the surface of the slope, and the arched retaining wall covers the dangerous rock mass area;

[0035] S3: simultaneously punch a plurality of holes in the slope rock mass, the dangerous rock mass, the arched retaining wall, and the reinforcing body, use a punch to punch a dynamic grouting anchor into the holes, use the dynamic grouting anchor to grout in the holes (one of the cement slurry, biological slurry, or chemical slurry in S1), and use the dynamic grouting anchor to limit the arched retaining wall on the slope;

[0036] S4: simultaneously punch a plurality of reinforcing holes in the slope rock mass, the dangerous rock mass, and the arched retaining wall, use a punch to punch a rock mass anchor cable into the reinforcing holes, and use the rock mass anchor cable to assist the arched retaining wall to limit on the slope;

[0037] S5: arrange upper support rods and lower support rods on the arched retaining wall, and arrange first ground anchors on the plane of the slope, and use the upper support rods, the lower support rods, and the first ground anchors to support the arched retaining wall on the slope.

[0038] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a dynamic grouting reinforcing structure for a local dangerous rock mass 10 of a slope, comprising an arched retaining wall 1. In a horizontal direction and parallel to the perspective of the slope plane, the side wall of the arched retaining wall 1 close to the surface of the slope is a plane, which is attached to the surface of the slope, specifically, the arched retaining wall 1 covers the dangerous rock mass 10; the side wall of the arched retaining wall 1 away from the surface of the slope is upwardly convex and arched, and the straight line where the highest position of the arched retaining wall 1 is located is at the same height, that is, the arched retaining wall 1 is placed in the manner of Figure 1 .

[0039] See Figure 2 , the arched retaining wall 1 is provided with a plurality of holes, the holes are formed by punching, the axis of the holes is perpendicular to the surface of the slope, and the holes extend into the slope rock mass 9, the dangerous rock mass 10, and the reinforcing body 11.

[0040] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The reinforcing structure further comprises a plurality of dynamic grouting anchor rods 2, which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes and have coinciding axes. In this embodiment, there are 9 dynamic grouting anchor rods 2, which are distributed in a rectangular shape with 3 rows and 3 columns in a view perpendicular to the slope plane, and the spacing between the dynamic grouting anchor rods 2 is equal. The 3 dynamic grouting anchor rods in the middle row are arranged at the thickest position of the arched retaining wall 1.

[0041] See Figure 3 and Figure 4 The dynamic grouting anchor rod 2 comprises an outer sleeve 3, the end face of which is annular. An inner sleeve 4 is arranged on the outer sleeve 3, and the end face of the inner sleeve 4 is also annular. The outer surface wall of the inner sleeve 4 is threadedly connected with the inner surface wall of the outer sleeve 3, and the axes of the outer sleeve 3 and the inner sleeve 4 coincide. The outer sleeve 3 is completely immersed in the slope in the slope rock mass 9, the reinforced body 11 or the dangerous rock mass 10. The upper end of the inner sleeve 4 penetrates the through hole and is located above the arched retaining wall 1. A limiting ring 5 is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve 4. The limiting ring 5 abuts against the upper surface wall of the arched retaining wall 1, and the arched retaining wall 1 is abutted against the slope by the limiting ring 5 to limit the position of the arched retaining wall 1 on the slope.

[0042] A plurality of rows of first grouting holes 6 are arranged on the inner sleeve 4, and in this embodiment, 5 rows of first grouting holes 6 are used. In one row of first grouting holes 6, there are a plurality of first grouting holes 6, and the plurality of first grouting holes 6 in each row are equally spaced along the axis of the inner sleeve 4, and each first grouting hole 6 penetrates the inner sleeve 4 radially. In two adjacent rows of first grouting holes 6, the rows of first grouting holes 6 are equally spaced along the axis of the inner sleeve 4.

[0043] A plurality of grouting strip holes 7 are arranged on the outer sleeve 3, and in this embodiment, 2 grouting strip holes 7 are used. The plurality of grouting strip holes 7 are equally spaced along the axis of the outer sleeve, and the grouting strip holes 7 penetrate the surface wall of the outer sleeve 3. The length of the grouting strip hole 7 in the axial direction of the outer sleeve 3 is greater than the spacing between the two first grouting holes 6 in one row, that is, Figure 3 the distance X in the figure is greater than the distance X' in the figure; and the width of the grouting strip hole 7 in the left-right direction is greater than the spacing between the first grouting holes 6 in the adjacent two rows, that is, Figure 3 the distance Y in the figure is greater than the distance Y' in the figure; and the distance from the top of the grouting strip hole 7 to the outer sleeve 3 is greater than the distance of a single first grouting hole 6 along the axis of the outer sleeve, that is, Figure 3 the distance Z in the figure is greater than the distance Z' of the first grouting hole 6. This design is to ensure that at least one row of first grouting holes 6 corresponds to the grouting strip hole 7 regardless of the rotation between the inner sleeve 4 and the outer sleeve 3, so that the grouting liquid flows out from the first grouting hole 6 through the grouting strip hole 7 and flows into the slope rock mass 9, the reinforced body 11 or the dangerous rock mass 10, and the effect of reinforcing the slope is achieved after the grouting liquid solidifies, avoiding the situation that the grouting liquid is retained in the outer sleeve 3.

[0044] After the dynamic grouting anchor 2 reinforces the slope for a period of time, if it is necessary to fix the slope again by the dynamic grouting anchor 2, the inner sleeve 4 is screwed, here the direction of screwing is only along the axis of the inner sleeve 4 to the deep part of the outer sleeve 3, to avoid the inner sleeve 4 and the outer sleeve 3 from being separated from each other, so that the first grouting hole 6 is directed to different positions of the grouting strip hole 7, and the different positions of the first grouting hole 6 also increase the depth of the first grouting hole 6 in the outer sleeve 3, so as to realize secondary reinforcement after grouting.

[0045] Compared with the existing secondary reinforcement method, the existing secondary reinforcement method needs to take out the anchor and insert the steel pipe to realize secondary grouting by the steel pipe, and the disturbance to the rock mass is large when the anchor is taken out and the steel pipe is inserted. The present scheme only needs to screw the inner sleeve 4 to realize secondary grouting, and compared with the prior art, the disturbance to the rock mass is reduced.

[0046] See Figure 2 The reinforcing structure further comprises a plurality of rock mass anchor cables 8, a plurality of reinforcing holes are arranged on the arched bearing wall 1, the reinforcing holes are arranged one by one corresponding to the rock mass anchor cables 8, the axis of the reinforcing hole is perpendicular to the surface of the slope, the reinforcing hole extends into the rock mass 9 and the dangerous rock mass 10, the rock mass anchor cable 8 is in the reinforcing hole, the upper end of the rock mass anchor cable 8 is higher than the arched bearing wall 1, and the rock mass anchor cable 8 and the reinforcing hole limit the arched bearing wall 1 to prevent the arched bearing wall 1 from moving along the slope.

[0047] See Figure 2 The reinforcing structure further comprises a plurality of upper support rods 12 and lower support rods 13, one upper support rod 12 and one lower support rod 13 are adopted in the embodiment, a plurality of first ground anchors 14 are fixed on the horizontal plane of the slope, the first ground anchors 14 are arranged one by one corresponding to the upper support rods 12 and the lower support rods 13, and the lower ends of the upper support rods 12 and the lower support rods 13 are respectively hinged on the first ground anchors 14. Two second ground anchors 15 are fixed on the surface wall of the arched bearing wall 1 away from the slope, the upper ends of the upper support rods 12 and the lower support rods 13 are correspondingly hinged on the second ground anchors 15, the rotation shaft axes of the upper ends and the lower ends of the upper support rods 12 and the lower support rods 13 are all along the horizontal direction and parallel to the surface of the slope, and the fixed positions of the first ground anchors 14 are determined according to the lengths of the upper support rods 12 and the lower support rods 13 and the position of the arched bearing wall 1.

[0048] A plurality of drainage holes 16 are arranged on the arched bearing wall 1, one end of the drainage hole 16 communicates with the dangerous rock mass 10, and the other end of the drainage hole 16 is located below the thickest position of the arched bearing wall 1. The drainage hole 16 timely drains the surface water and underground water, thereby reducing the weight of the dangerous rock mass 10 and the deterioration effect of water chemical action on the rock.

[0049] Simulation experiments are conducted on the arched bearing wall and the flat plate bearing wall, and the experimental data are as follows:

[0050] The C30 concrete is used in the arched bearing wall and the flat bearing wall, the compressive proportional limit is 20.1 MPa (the compressive strength standard), which is derived from the Code for Design of Concrete Structures, and the elastic modulus is 30 KN / mm² (30 GPa),

[0051] Supposing that the arched bearing wall and the rectangular bearing wall have the same mass, according to the engineering mechanics knowledge, the Hooke's law , and the reasonable arch axis is a quadratic function, the arch axis function is y= -(4h / l^2*(x-l)x)), the relationship between the specification and the deformation is recorded, as shown in Table 1:

[0052] Table 1: The deformation of the flat bearing wall and the arched bearing wall under the same external force in different specifications

[0053]

[0054] According to Table 1, the relationship between the specification and the deformation is drawn Figure 5 , and it can be known from Table 1 and Figure 5 that F is the external force, E is the elastic modulus of the C30 concrete, when the external force is the same, the deformation of the rectangular bearing wall is larger, so the arched bearing wall can better bear the lateral pressure.

[0055] According to the above ideal embodiments of the present application, through the above description, the related staff can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents of the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for localized unstable rock masses on slopes, characterized in that, It includes an arched support wall, wherein the side of the arched support wall facing the slope surface is flat, and the side of the arched support wall facing away from the slope surface is raised in an arch shape; The reinforcement structure also includes a reinforcement body for solidifying the unstable rock mass; the arched support wall is provided with several perforations extending into the slope rock mass, the perforations penetrating the reinforcement body, and each perforation is provided with a dynamic grouting anchor; the dynamic grouting anchor includes an outer sleeve, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the perforation; the dynamic grouting anchor also includes an inner sleeve, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the outer sleeve, and the outer wall of the inner sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve; the inner sleeve is provided with several rows of first grout outlet holes, and each row of first grout outlet holes is equidistantly arranged along the axis of the inner sleeve; The outer sleeve is provided with a slurry outlet hole; the length of the slurry outlet hole along the axis of the outer sleeve is greater than the distance between two adjacent threads on the inner sleeve; the left and right width of the slurry outlet hole is greater than the distance between the first slurry outlet holes in two adjacent rows; the inner sleeve is threadedly connected to a limit ring, which abuts against the surface wall of the arched support wall.

2. The dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for local unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arched support wall is provided with several reinforcement holes for extending into the slope rock mass. The reinforcement holes do not penetrate into the reinforced body, and rock mass anchor cables for restricting the arched support wall are provided in the reinforcement holes.

3. The dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for local unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arched support wall is fixed with several second ground anchors, and the arched support wall is provided with a first support rod and a second support rod; one end of the first support rod and the second support rod are hinged to the second ground anchor, and the other end of the first support rod and the second support rod are provided with the first ground anchor, and the other end of the first support rod and the second support rod are hinged to the first ground anchor.

4. The dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for local unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arched support wall is equipped with drainage holes for draining groundwater or surface water from the dangerous rock mass.

5. A method for dynamic grouting reinforcement of locally unstable rock masses on slopes, used in the dynamic grouting reinforcement structure for locally unstable rock masses on slopes as described in claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S1: Inject reinforcement grout into the unstable rock mass of the slope and wait for the reinforcement grout to solidify and form a reinforced body; S2: The plane of the arched support wall covers the area of ​​the dangerous rock mass; S3: Insert the dynamic grouting anchor into the borehole and use the dynamic grouting anchor to inject grout into the borehole; S4: Insert rock anchor cables into the reinforcement hole; S5: Fix the first ground anchor on the slope. The first ground anchor supports the arched support wall through the first support rod and the second support rod.

6. The method for dynamic grouting reinforcement of locally unstable rock masses on slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the reinforcing grout is a cement grout, a biological grout, or a chemical grout.

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