Vehicle-mounted ring network fault processing method and system and automobile

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of vehicle-mounted ring network fault processing method, system and car.The method comprises: the physical layer link fault of vehicle-mounted ring network is detected in real time by electronic control unit;When electronic control unit detects the physical layer link fault, other electronic control units are informed by fault message;Other electronic control units switch corresponding switching address table according to the fault position information in fault message, and then restore communication.The application can quickly restore the problem that ring network communication is disconnected due to physical layer link fault, improve the robustness of communication, and save cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automotive communication technology, and more specifically, relates to a method, system, and vehicle for handling faults in an in-vehicle ring network. Background Technology

[0002] As cars become increasingly intelligent, requiring devices such as LiDAR, RADAR, cameras, and V2X, the bandwidth of traditional in-vehicle bus technology is insufficient. With the development of automotive Ethernet technology, Ethernet has gradually become the backbone network of vehicles. Based on network structure, there are three main types of local area networks (LANs) in vehicle network systems: tree networks, ring networks, and star networks. Among them, the ring network is the most scalable network topology. The structure of a ring network connects nodes into a ring and transmits data sequentially. Therefore, its information transmission is unidirectional; each node that receives a data packet forwards the information to its downstream nodes. When any physical layer link in the ring network fails or is damaged, it will cause communication problems. To improve communication robustness, a backup ring is usually set up outside the main ring network, but this method increases costs.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a method, system, and vehicle for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network, which at least solves the problem of rapid communication recovery of the ring network when the physical layer link of the ring network fails.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network is provided, comprising:

[0006] The electronic control unit detects physical layer link faults in the vehicle-mounted ring network in real time.

[0007] When the electronic control unit detects a physical layer link failure, it notifies the other electronic control units through a fault message.

[0008] The other electronic control units switch the corresponding switching address table according to the fault location information in the fault message, thereby restoring communication.

[0009] Optionally, the fault message uses the first two bytes of the Ethernet packet data frame, including fault status information and fault location information.

[0010] Optionally, the fault status information includes: no fault, short circuit fault, and open circuit fault.

[0011] Optionally, the electronic control unit detects physical layer link faults via an Ethernet PHY chip.

[0012] Optionally, the electronic control unit notifies other electronic control units by periodically sending multicast fault messages.

[0013] Optionally, the default data forwarding principle of the electronic control unit is to forward data to the nearest neighbor, and when the forwarding distance is the same, forward data in a clockwise direction.

[0014] Optionally, the switching address table of the electronic control unit includes: a near-end clockwise forwarding table, a near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, a far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, a far-end clockwise forwarding table, and a far-end counterclockwise forwarding table.

[0015] Optionally, the near-end clockwise forwarding table, the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table are enabled by default.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present invention, an in-vehicle ring network fault handling system is provided, comprising:

[0017] The electronic control unit is used to execute the vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling method described in any of the first aspects;

[0018] The electronic control unit includes:

[0019] An Ethernet PHY chip is used to detect physical layer link failures in the ring network.

[0020] A switch is used to send and receive network data and fault messages.

[0021] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an automobile is provided, including the vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling system described in the second aspect.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by setting the switching address table and data forwarding principle of the electronic control unit, when the electronic control unit detects a physical layer link failure, it notifies other electronic control units through a fault message. Other electronic control units switch the corresponding switching address table according to the fault location information in the fault message, thereby restoring communication. This invention can quickly restore the problem of ring network communication disconnection caused by physical layer link failure, improve the robustness of communication, and save costs.

[0023] The system of the present invention has other features and advantages that will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals generally denote like parts.

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart of a vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling method according to the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a ring network according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, a vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling method according to the present invention includes:

[0030] The electronic control unit detects physical layer link faults in the vehicle-mounted ring network in real time.

[0031] When the electronic control unit detects a physical layer link failure, it notifies other electronic control units through a fault message;

[0032] Other electronic control units switch the corresponding exchange address table based on the fault location information in the fault message, thereby restoring communication.

[0033] Specifically, multiple electronic control units (ECUs) are connected end-to-end to form a ring network. Each ECU has a switching address table and forwarding rules. When a physical layer link between any two ECUs fails, the communication of the entire ring network will be interrupted. In this invention, each ECU can detect the corresponding physical layer link in real time. When an ECU detects a fault in its corresponding physical layer link, it notifies other ECUs by sending a fault message. After receiving the fault message, the other ECUs parse out the fault location in the message and then switch their switching address tables according to the fault location and forwarding rules to bypass the fault location and ensure uninterrupted communication.

[0034] For example, in a ring network, there are four electronic control units (ECUs): ECU 1, ECU 2, ECU 3, and ECU 4. The physical layer link between ECU 1 and ECU 2 is E1, the physical layer link between ECU 2 and ECU 3 is E2, the physical layer link between ECU 3 and ECU 4 is E3, and the physical layer link between ECU 4 and ECU 1 is E4. In this case, ECU 1 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E1, ECU 2 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E2, ECU 3 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E3, and ECU 4 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E4.

[0035] Based on the default data forwarding principles and the configured switching address tables of each electronic control unit (ECU) switch, ECU 1, ECU 2, ECU 3, and ECU 4 are connected sequentially in a clockwise direction. According to the default data forwarding principles, ECU 1 sends data to ECU 2 via E1. When ECU 1 detects a fault in the physical layer link E1, it sends a fault message to ECU 2 to inform it of the physical layer link E1 fault. ECU 1 then switches its switching address table, sending its data counter-clockwise via ECU 4 and ECU 3 to ECU 2. This process continues, with ECU 2, ECU 3, and ECU 4 also updating their respective switching address tables according to the fault messages. In this way, communication between the ECUs is not interrupted.

[0036] In one example, in this invention, the fault message uses the first two bytes of the Ethernet packet data frame, including fault status information and fault location information.

[0037] Specifically, data packets transmitted via an Ethernet link are called Ethernet frames or Ethernet data frames. In Ethernet, the network access layer software must convert the data into a format that can be transmitted through the network adapter hardware. Therefore, in this invention, fault messages use the first two bytes of the Ethernet data frame to transmit fault status information and fault location information.

[0038] For example, byte 1 indicates the fault status, where 0x02 indicates an open circuit fault, and byte 2 indicates the fault location information, where 0x01 indicates an E1 fault. When the electronic control unit 1 detects a short circuit fault in E1 and sends a fault message, the first two bytes of the fault message are 0x02 and 0x01, indicating that an open circuit fault has occurred in E1.

[0039] In one example, in this invention, the fault status information includes: no fault, short circuit fault, and open circuit fault.

[0040] Specifically, the electronic control unit sends fault messages to other electronic control units at regular intervals. When there is a fault, the fault status information in the fault message is a short circuit fault or an open circuit fault. When there is no fault, the fault status information in the fault message is no fault.

[0041] For example, byte 1 indicates the fault status, where 0x00 means no fault, and byte 2 indicates the fault location information, where 0x00 means no fault. When the electronic control unit does not detect a physical layer link fault, the first two bytes of the periodically sent fault message are 0x00 and 0x00.

[0042] In one example, in this invention, the electronic control unit detects physical layer link faults via an Ethernet PHY chip.

[0043] Specifically, a PHY is a device that operates the physical layer of the OSI model. An Ethernet PHY is a chip that can send and receive Ethernet data frames. A PHY connects a data link layer device to a physical medium, such as an optical fiber or copper cable. Therefore, this invention uses an Ethernet PHY chip to detect physical layer link failures.

[0044] In one example, in this invention, the electronic control unit notifies other electronic control units by periodically sending multicast fault messages.

[0045] Specifically, the electronic control unit sends fault messages at certain time intervals. This time interval is the period during which the electronic control unit sends fault messages. The shorter the period, the more fault messages are sent per unit time, and the more accurate the results of physical layer link detection. However, it will also consume more system resources to send messages, affecting system performance. Therefore, users can adjust the sending period of ring network fault messages according to the ring network situation and vehicle situation to balance system performance and ring network detection accuracy.

[0046] For example, in a ring network, there are many physical layer links, and the physical layer links are relatively long. The sending cycle of ring network fault messages can be appropriately shortened, which is more in line with the accuracy of ring network detection.

[0047] In one example, in this invention, the default data forwarding principle of the electronic control unit is to forward data to the nearest neighbor, and when the forwarding distance is the same, it proceeds in a clockwise direction.

[0048] Specifically, the default data forwarding principle of the electronic control unit is to forward data to the nearest electronic control unit. When the forwarding distance is the same, the forwarding direction is clockwise. There are two forwarding directions for an electronic control unit to send data to the target electronic control unit: one is clockwise and the other is counterclockwise. According to the principle of forwarding to the nearest, the forwarding direction with fewer electronic control units on the path is adopted. When the number of electronic control units on the paths of the two forwarding directions is the same, the data is forwarded in a clockwise direction according to the default data forwarding principle.

[0049] For example, electronic control unit 1, electronic control unit 2, electronic control unit 3, and electronic control unit 4 are connected in clockwise order. When electronic control unit 1 needs to send data to electronic control unit 4, it can send the data to electronic control unit 3 through electronic control unit 2 and electronic control unit 3, or electronic control unit 1 can send the data directly to electronic control unit 4. According to the default data forwarding principle of forwarding to the nearest, electronic control unit 1 will send the data directly to electronic control unit 4.

[0050] When electronic control unit 1 needs to send data to electronic control unit 3, it can send the data to electronic control unit 3 through electronic control unit 2 or electronic control unit 4. At this time, the forwarding distance between electronic control unit 1 and electronic control unit 3 is the same. According to the default data forwarding principle of clockwise direction when the forwarding distance is the same, electronic control unit 1 sends the data to electronic control unit 3 through electronic control unit 2.

[0051] In one example, in this invention, the switching address table of the electronic control unit includes: a near-end clockwise forwarding table, a near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, a far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, a far-end clockwise forwarding table, and a far-end counterclockwise forwarding table.

[0052] Specifically, a near-end clockwise forwarding code means that the control unit sends its data to the adjacent control unit in the clockwise direction; a near-end counter-clockwise forwarding code means that the control unit sends its data to the adjacent control unit in the counter-clockwise direction; a far-end shortest-path clockwise forwarding code means that the control unit sends its data to the control unit with the shortest clockwise path, i.e., to the control unit that passes through the fewest control units in the clockwise direction; a far-end clockwise forwarding code means that the control unit sends its data to all control units in the clockwise direction except for the adjacent control unit and the control unit with the shortest path; a far-end counter-clockwise forwarding code means that the control unit sends its data to all control units in the counter-clockwise direction except for the adjacent control unit.

[0053] For example, electronic control unit 1, electronic control unit 2, electronic control unit 3, and electronic control unit 4 are connected in a clockwise order. Taking electronic control unit 1 as an example, its near-end clockwise forwarding table includes information sent by electronic control unit 1 to electronic control unit 2, its near-end counterclockwise forwarding table includes information sent by electronic control unit 1 to electronic control unit 4, its far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table includes information sent by electronic control unit 1 to electronic control unit 3 via electronic control unit 2, its far-end clockwise forwarding table includes information sent by electronic control unit 1 to electronic control unit 4 via electronic control unit 2 and electronic control unit 3, and its far-end counterclockwise forwarding table includes messages sent by electronic control unit 1 to electronic control unit 3 via electronic control unit 4, as well as messages sent by electronic control unit 1 to electronic control unit 2 via electronic control unit 4 and electronic control unit 3.

[0054] In one example, in this invention, the near-end clockwise forwarding table, the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table are enabled by default.

[0055] Specifically, each electronic control unit (ECU) defaults to activating the near-end clockwise forwarding table, the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table. This means that an ECU sends data to adjacent ECUs in the clockwise direction, sends data to adjacent ECUs in the counterclockwise direction, and sends data to the ECU that passes through the fewest ECUs in the clockwise direction.

[0056] For example, electronic control unit 1, electronic control unit 2, electronic control unit 3 and electronic control unit 4 are connected in clockwise order. Electronic control unit 1 is enabled by default with the near-end clockwise forwarding table, the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table and the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table. That is, electronic control unit 1 sends data to electronic control unit 2, then to electronic control unit 4, and then to electronic control unit 3 through electronic control unit 2, ensuring that other electronic control units can receive the data from electronic control unit 1.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, a certain vehicle model's ring network includes four electronic control units, namely electronic control unit 1, electronic control unit 2, electronic control unit 3, and electronic control unit 4, which are connected in a clockwise direction. The physical layer link between electronic control unit 1 and electronic control unit 2 is E1, the physical layer link between electronic control unit 2 and electronic control unit 3 is E2, the physical layer link between electronic control unit 3 and electronic control unit 4 is E3, and the physical layer link between electronic control unit 4 and electronic control unit 1 is E4. Electronic control unit 1 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E1, electronic control unit 2 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E2, electronic control unit 3 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E3, and electronic control unit 4 is responsible for detecting physical layer link E4.

[0059] According to a fault handling method for an in-vehicle ring network of the present invention, the default data forwarding principle of electronic control unit 1, electronic control unit 2, electronic control unit 3 and electronic control unit 4 is to forward data to the nearest neighbor, and to forward data in a clockwise direction when the forwarding distance is the same; the exchange address table includes: a near-end clockwise forwarding table, a near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, a far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, a far-end clockwise forwarding table and a far-end counterclockwise forwarding table; taking electronic control unit 1 as an example, at this time, electronic control unit 1 sends its data clockwise to electronic control unit 2, sends its data clockwise through electronic control unit 2 to electronic control unit 3, and sends its data counterclockwise to electronic control unit 4, based on the default data forwarding principle and the exchange address table;

[0060] When the PHY chip of the electronic control unit 1 detects a short circuit fault in the physical layer link E1, the electronic control unit 1 sets the fault status in the fault message to 0x01: short circuit fault according to Table 1; sets the fault location to 0x01: physical link E1 fault, and then sends the set fault message to the electronic control unit 2, electronic control unit 3 and electronic control unit 4.

[0061] Table 1 Fault Message Definitions

[0062]

[0063] Simultaneously, ECU 1 closes the near-end clockwise forwarding table and the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, and opens the far-end counterclockwise forwarding table; upon receiving the fault message, ECU 2 closes the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table and opens the far-end clockwise forwarding table; upon receiving the fault message, ECU 3 does not change its forwarding table; upon receiving the fault message, ECU 4 closes the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table and opens the far-end counterclockwise forwarding table.

[0064] At this time, the electronic control unit 1 sends its data to the electronic control unit 4 through the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, sends its data to the electronic control unit 3 through the far-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and sends its data to the electronic control unit 2 through the electronic control unit 4 and the electronic control unit 3.

[0065] Electronic control unit 2 sends its data to electronic control unit 3 through the near-end clockwise forwarding table, sends its data to electronic control unit 4 through electronic control unit 3 through the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, and sends its data to electronic control unit 1 through electronic control unit 3 and electronic control unit 4 through the far-end clockwise forwarding table.

[0066] Electronic control unit 3 sends its data clockwise to electronic control unit 4 through the near-end clockwise forwarding table, sends its data counterclockwise to electronic control unit 2 through the near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and sends its data to electronic control unit 1 through the far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table;

[0067] Electronic control unit 4 sends its data to electronic control unit 1 via a near-end clockwise forwarding table, sends its data to electronic control unit 3 via a near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and sends its data to electronic control unit 2 via electronic control unit 3 via a far-end counterclockwise forwarding table.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an in-vehicle ring network fault handling system, including:

[0070] The electronic control unit is used to execute the vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling method of Embodiment 1;

[0071] The electronic control unit includes:

[0072] Ethernet PHY chip used to detect physical layer link failures in ring networks.

[0073] A switch is used to send and receive network data and fault messages.

[0074] In this embodiment, a ring network is formed by connecting multiple (three or more) electronic control units end to end. The default data forwarding principle of the electronic control unit switches is to forward data to the nearest neighbor, and to forward data in a clockwise direction when the forwarding distance is the same. The switching address table of each electronic control unit includes: a near-end clockwise forwarding table, a near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, a far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, a far-end clockwise forwarding table, and a far-end counterclockwise forwarding table.

[0075] When an electrical control unit detects a physical layer link failure in a ring network via its Ethernet PHY chip, its switch sends a fault message to other electrical control units, informing them of the fault status and location. Simultaneously, the switch modifies its switching address table based on the fault message. Upon receiving the fault message, the switches of other electrical control units modify their respective switching address tables according to the fault location. By modifying the switching address tables, data communication between the electrical control units is restored.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] This embodiment provides a vehicle, which includes the vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling system described in Embodiment 2.

[0078] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network, characterized in that, include: The electronic control unit detects physical layer link faults in the vehicle-mounted ring network in real time. When the electronic control unit detects a physical layer link failure, it notifies the other electronic control units through a fault message. Other electronic control units switch the corresponding switching address table according to the fault location information in the fault message, thereby restoring communication; The electronic control unit detects physical layer link faults via an Ethernet PHY chip; The switching address table of the electronic control unit includes: near-end clockwise forwarding table, near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table, far-end clockwise forwarding table, and far-end counterclockwise forwarding table; the near-end clockwise forwarding table, near-end counterclockwise forwarding table, and far-end shortest path clockwise forwarding table are enabled by default.

2. The method for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fault message uses the first two bytes of the Ethernet packet data frame, including fault status information and fault location information.

3. The method for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fault status information includes: no fault, short circuit fault, and open circuit fault.

4. The method for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electronic control unit notifies other electronic control units by periodically sending multicast fault messages.

5. The method for handling faults in a vehicle-mounted ring network according to claim 1, characterized in that, The default data forwarding principle of the electronic control unit is to forward data to the nearest neighbor, and when the forwarding distance is the same, it proceeds in a clockwise direction.

6. A vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling system, characterized in that, include: The electronic control unit is used to execute the vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling method according to any one of claims 1-5; The electronic control unit includes: An Ethernet PHY chip is used to detect physical layer link failures in the ring network. A switch is used to send and receive network data and fault messages.

7. A car, characterized in that, Including the vehicle-mounted ring network fault handling system as described in claim 6.

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