A hydrogen replacement and recovery system for high-pressure hydrogen storage containers and its replacement and recovery method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a replacement and recovery method thereof, which relates to the field of pressure vessel detection. The system includes a hydrogen storage container to be inspected, a hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a hydrogen replacement pipeline. An ejector, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen compressor, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The high-pressure intake port of the ejector is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, the low-pressure intake port of the ejector is connected to the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, and the exhaust port of the ejector is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container. By setting the ejector, the present invention can use high-pressure gas to create a local vacuum to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, without increasing energy consumption, and can efficiently and thoroughly discharge hydrogen, so as to implement subsequent detection on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. The present invention recovers the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, can recover and utilize hydrogen, and is more energy-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of pressure vessel detection, and particularly to a hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a replacement and recovery method therefor. Background Art

[0002] The development of hydrogen energy in China is currently very hot, showing a trend of explosive growth. A large number of private enterprises have invested in it, but mainly focused on the product development of hydrogen energy equipment. There is a lack of technical experience in aspects such as product performance testing and quality verification, and there are no mature hydrogen energy equipment performance detection methods and equipment, and a complete hydrogen energy equipment quality evaluation system has not been formed, which seriously affects the promotion and application process of hydrogen energy equipment in China.

[0003] The primary problem to be solved in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container test is the development of a hydrogen replacement and recovery system, and its main difficulties are:

[0004] (1) The circulating medium is hydrogen, which is flammable and explosive, and hydrogen is extremely prone to leakage, and is more likely to occur under high pressure;

[0005] (2) The system working pressure is high pressure, which poses high requirements on pressure vessels and pipelines;

[0006] (3) The energy consumption of hydrogen compressors and precooling devices is huge, and the test cost is high;

[0007] (4) The test time is long, and a complete test requires continuous operation for several weeks or even months.

[0008] There are many hydrogen replacement and recovery systems for high-pressure hydrogen storage containers in the prior art, but they all have certain problems. For example, the invention patent with the publication number CN113555585A introduces a fuel gas replacement system for a fuel cell vehicle. A hydrogen volume concentration sensor is set in the replacement system, the process is complex, and the amount of replaced hydrogen is low. The invention patent with the publication number CN112524479A introduces a gas replacement system for a hydrogen storage cylinder. The filling gas is injected into the cylinder through the filling pipeline in the gas replacement device to dilute the residual gas to be replaced in the cylinder, and the diluted hydrogen cannot be recycled, resulting in increased energy consumption. The invention patent with the publication number CN103851332A discloses a gas replacement process for an LNG cylinder. First, the cylinder jacket is evacuated, and then nitrogen and nitrogen dioxide gases are used for replacement. The process has high requirements for equipment and increases the cost.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a hydrogen replacement and recovery system with stable performance, safety and reliability, and low energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a replacement and recovery method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, be able to create a local vacuum using high-pressure gas to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, without increasing energy consumption, can efficiently and thoroughly drain hydrogen, perform subsequent inspections on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and at the same time facilitate the recovery and utilization of hydrogen, saving more energy.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container, including a hydrogen storage container to be inspected, a hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a hydrogen replacement pipeline. An ejector, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen compressor, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The high-pressure intake port of the ejector is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, the low-pressure intake port of the ejector is connected to the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, and the exhaust port of the ejector is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0012] Preferably, a first one-way valve is arranged between the hydrogen storage container to be inspected and the low-pressure intake port of the ejector.

[0013] Preferably, a first flame arrester is arranged between the exhaust port of the ejector and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0014] Preferably, a first pressure reducing valve is arranged between the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure intake port of the ejector.

[0015] Preferably, a nitrogen gas storage tank, a gas ejector, and an exhaust buffer tank are arranged on the hydrogen replacement pipeline. The nitrogen gas storage tank is connected to the hydrogen storage container to be inspected. The high-pressure intake port and the exhaust port of the gas ejector are both communicated with the exhaust buffer tank, and the low-pressure intake port of the gas ejector is communicated with the hydrogen storage container to be inspected; the exhaust buffer tank is also communicated with the outside through a second flame arrester.

[0016] Preferably, a second pressure reducing valve is further arranged between the exhaust buffer tank and the high-pressure intake port of the gas ejector.

[0017] Preferably, a second one-way valve is arranged between the nitrogen gas storage tank and the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, and a third one-way valve is arranged between the hydrogen storage container to be inspected and the low-pressure intake port of the gas ejector.

[0018] Preferably, the hydrogen replacement and recovery system for the hydrogen storage container further includes a hydrogen concentration detector for measuring the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected.

[0019] Preferably, the hydrogen replacement and recovery system for the hydrogen storage container further includes a vacuum pump for evacuating the hydrogen recovery pipeline and the hydrogen replacement pipeline.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a method for hydrogen replacement and recovery of a compressed hydrogen storage container, which includes the following steps:

[0021] System evacuation: Close the pneumatic stop valves on the hydrogen storage container to be inspected and the nitrogen storage tank, open the vacuum pump, and evacuate the hydrogen recovery pipeline and the hydrogen replacement pipeline.

[0022] Hydrogen recovery: The hydrogen storage container to be inspected enters the ejector, removes static electricity in the flame arrester, and then enters the low-pressure hydrogen storage container. After the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container gradually rises to the suction port requirement pressure value of the hydrogen compressor, start the hydrogen compressor to boost the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container into the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. After the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches the set value, the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container re-enters the ejector through the first pressure reducing valve, and the ejector starts to work, discharging the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0023] Hydrogen replacement: Nitrogen in the nitrogen storage tank enters the hydrogen storage container to be inspected to dilute the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected until the pressure in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected reaches the specified pressure. The hydrogen-nitrogen mixture in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected enters the exhaust buffer tank through the gas ejector. After the pressure in the exhaust buffer tank reaches the specified pressure, open the pneumatic stop valve on the exhaust buffer tank, remove static electricity in the flame arrester, and then perform high-altitude discharge. At the same time, open the second pressure reducing valve, and the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture enters the gas ejector to increase the replacement and deflation rate. Repeat the above process until the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration detector reaches the standard, and the nitrogen replacement is completed.

[0024] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0025] 1. By setting an ejector, the present invention can use high-pressure gas to create a local vacuum to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, without the need to increase energy consumption, and can efficiently and thoroughly drain hydrogen, so as to perform subsequent inspections on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container.

[0026] 2. The present invention recovers the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, can recycle hydrogen, and is more energy-saving.

[0027] 3. In the present invention, the hydrogen compressor is located between the low-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container. When the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches a certain value, the hydrogen compressor is easier to start and compress hydrogen, further achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen replacement and recovery system for the high-pressure hydrogen storage container in the present invention;

[0030] Among them, 1. Hydrogen storage container to be inspected; 2. Low-pressure hydrogen storage container; 3. High-pressure hydrogen storage container; 4. First nitrogen storage tank; 5. Second nitrogen storage tank; 6. Exhaust buffer tank; 7. First pneumatic stop valve; 8. Second pneumatic stop valve; 9. First check valve; 10. First pressure sensor; 11. Ejector; 12. First flame arrester; 13. Third pneumatic stop valve; 14. Fourth pneumatic stop valve; 15. Hydrogen compressor; 16. Fifth pneumatic stop valve; 17. Second pressure sensor; 18. First pressure reducing valve; 19. Third pressure gauge; 20. Sixth pneumatic stop valve; 21. Seventh pneumatic stop valve; 22. Second check valve; 23. Eighth pneumatic stop valve; 24. Ninth pneumatic stop valve; 25. Third pressure reducing valve; 26. Fourth pressure sensor; 27. Hydrogen concentration measuring instrument; 28. Third check valve; 29. Fifth pressure sensor; 30. Gas injector; 31. Tenth pneumatic stop valve; 32. Second flame arrester; 33. Eleventh pneumatic stop valve; 34. Vacuum pump; 35. Second pressure reducing valve; 36. Sixth pressure sensor; 37. Seventh pressure sensor; 38. Twelfth pneumatic stop valve; 39. First manual stop valve; 40. Second manual stop valve; 41. First pressure gauge; 42. Second pressure gauge; 43. Third pressure gauge; 44. Fourth pressure gauge; 45. First safety valve; 46. Second safety valve; 47. Third safety valve; 48. Fourth safety valve; 49. Fifth safety valve; 50. Hydrogen alarm; 51. Eighth pressure sensor; 52. Thirteenth pneumatic stop valve; 53. Control system. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container and a replacement and recovery method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, be able to create a local vacuum by using high-pressure gas to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, without increasing energy consumption, can efficiently and thoroughly drain hydrogen, perform subsequent inspections on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, and at the same time facilitate the recycling of hydrogen, saving more energy.

[0033] In order to make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, including a hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected, a hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a hydrogen replacement pipeline. An ejector 11, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2, a hydrogen compressor 15, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The high-pressure intake port of the ejector 11 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, the low-pressure intake port of the ejector 11 is connected to the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected, and the exhaust port of the ejector 11 is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. A first flame arrester 12 is arranged between the exhaust port of the ejector 11 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. A first one-way valve 9 is arranged between the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected and the low-pressure intake port of the ejector 11. A first pressure reducing valve 18 is arranged between the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 and the high-pressure intake port of the ejector 11. At the same time, in the hydrogen replacement and recovery system of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 in this embodiment, a number of pneumatic stop valves are also arranged on the pipeline, and the installation positions are as shown in the figure.

[0036] When recovering hydrogen, the first pneumatic stop valve 7, the second pneumatic stop valve 8, the third pneumatic stop valve 13, and the fourth pneumatic stop valve 14 are opened in sequence. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected flows along the pipeline through the ejector 11, removes static electricity in the first flame arrester 12, and then enters the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. After the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 gradually rises to the required pressure value at the suction port of the hydrogen compressor 15, the hydrogen compressor 15 is started, and the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 is pressurized into the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3. The fifth pneumatic stop valve 16 is opened. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 re-enters the ejector 11 through the first pressure reducing valve 18 from the high-pressure air inlet, and forms a negative pressure at the low-pressure air inlet of the ejector 11, continuously sucking the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected into the ejector 11 and entering the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. During this process, the indication value of the fourth pressure sensor 26 should be stable at the required suction pressure value of the ejector 11. Until the indication values of the first pressure sensor 10 and the seventh pressure sensor 37 reach the lower limit of the required suction pressure value of the ejector 11, the hydrogen recovery is completed, and the first pneumatic stop valve 7, the second pneumatic stop valve 8, the third pneumatic stop valve 13, the fourth pneumatic stop valve 14, and the fifth pneumatic stop valve 16 are closed.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting the ejector 11, local vacuum can be created by using high-pressure gas to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected, without increasing energy consumption, and hydrogen can be efficiently and thoroughly drained, so as to perform subsequent inspections on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3. In addition, in this embodiment, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected is recovered into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, which can recycle hydrogen and save more energy. At the same time, the hydrogen compressor 15 is located between the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3. When the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 reaches a certain value, the hydrogen compressor 15 is easier to start and compress hydrogen, further achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption.

[0038] In this embodiment, a first nitrogen storage tank 4, a second nitrogen storage tank 5, a gas ejector 30, and an exhaust buffer tank 6 are arranged on the hydrogen replacement pipeline. The first nitrogen storage tank 4 and the second nitrogen storage tank 5 are arranged in parallel and are both connected to the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected. The high-pressure air inlet and the exhaust port of the gas ejector 30 are both communicated with the exhaust buffer tank 6, and the low-pressure air inlet of the gas ejector 30 is communicated with the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected; the exhaust buffer tank 6 is also communicated with the outside through a second flame arrester 32. A second pressure reducing valve 35 is also arranged between the exhaust buffer tank 6 and the high-pressure air inlet of the gas ejector 30. A second one-way valve 22 is arranged between the nitrogen storage tank and the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected, and a third one-way valve 28 is arranged between the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected and the low-pressure air inlet of the gas ejector 30. A hydrogen concentration detector for measuring the hydrogen concentration inside it is also arranged at the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected.

[0039] During hydrogen replacement, the sixth pneumatic stop valve 20 (or the seventh pneumatic stop valve 21), the eighth pneumatic stop valve 23, and the first pneumatic stop valve 7 are opened in sequence. Nitrogen in the first nitrogen storage tank 4 (or the second nitrogen storage tank 5) enters the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected through the second one-way valve 22, diluting the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected until the pressure in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected reaches the specified pressure. Then the eighth pneumatic stop valve 23 is closed, and the nitrogen and the residual hydrogen are evenly mixed. Then the ninth pneumatic stop valve 24 and the third pressure reducing valve 25 are opened in sequence. The hydrogen-nitrogen mixture in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected flows along the pipeline through the third one-way valve 28 and the gas injector 30 into the exhaust buffer tank 6. When the pressure in the exhaust buffer tank 6 reaches the specified pressure, the tenth pneumatic stop valve 31 is opened, and after removing static electricity in the second flame arrester 32, it is discharged at high altitude. At the same time, the second pressure reducing valve 35 is opened, and the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture enters the gas injector 30 through the second pressure reducing valve 35 to increase the replacement and deflation rate. The above process is repeated until the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected measured by the hydrogen concentration detector reaches the standard, and the nitrogen replacement is completed.

[0040] The hydrogen replacement and recovery system for the pressure hydrogen storage container further includes a vacuum pump 34 for evacuating the hydrogen recovery pipeline and the hydrogen replacement pipeline. The vacuum pump 34 evacuates the system before the hydrogen recovery and replacement processes.

[0041] At the same time, in this embodiment, a first safety valve 45, a second safety valve 46, a third safety valve 47, a fourth safety valve 48, and a fifth safety valve 49 are respectively arranged on the first nitrogen storage tank 4, the second nitrogen storage tank 5, the exhaust buffer tank 6, the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2; a first manual stop valve 39 and a second manual stop valve 40 are respectively arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2; a first pressure gauge 41, a second pressure gauge 42, a third pressure gauge 43, and a fourth pressure gauge 44 for measuring and displaying the internal pressure are respectively arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3, the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2, the first nitrogen storage tank 4, and the second nitrogen storage tank 5; a first pressure sensor 10, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor 19, a fourth pressure sensor 26, a fifth pressure sensor 29, a sixth pressure sensor 36, a seventh pressure sensor 37, an eighth pressure sensor 51, a hydrogen gas alarm 50, and a control system 53 are also arranged in the hydrogen replacement and recovery system of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 in this embodiment. The positions of the pressure sensors are as shown in the figure; the control system 53 is electrically connected to each sensor, each pneumatic stop valve, each pressure gauge, the hydrogen compressor 15, the vacuum pump 34, and the hydrogen concentration measuring instrument 27.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] This embodiment provides a method for hydrogen replacement and recovery of a pressure hydrogen storage container, including the following steps:

[0044] System evacuation: Close the first pneumatic stop valve 7, the sixth pneumatic stop valve 20, and the seventh pneumatic stop valve 21. Open other pneumatic stop valves in the system, turn on the vacuum pump 34, and extract the gas in the system through the high-altitude discharge pipeline. After the system is evacuated, close all pneumatic stop valves in the system;

[0045] Hydrogen recovery: Open the first pneumatic stop valve 7, the second pneumatic stop valve 8, the third pneumatic stop valve 13, and the fourth pneumatic stop valve 14 in sequence. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected passes through the ejector 11 along the pipeline, removes static electricity in the first flame arrester 12, and then enters the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. When the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 gradually rises to the required suction pressure value of the hydrogen compressor 15, turn on the hydrogen compressor 15 to boost the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2 into the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3. Open the fifth pneumatic stop valve 16. The high-pressure hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container 3 re-enters the ejector 11 through the first pressure reducing valve 18 from the high-pressure air inlet, and forms a negative pressure at the low-pressure air inlet of the ejector 11, continuously sucking the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected into the ejector 11 and entering the low-pressure hydrogen storage container 2. During this process, the indication value of the fourth pressure sensor 26 should be stable at the required suction pressure value of the ejector 11. Until the indication values of the first pressure sensor 10 and the seventh pressure sensor 37 reach the lower limit of the required suction pressure value of the ejector 11, complete the hydrogen recovery, and close the first pneumatic stop valve 7, the second pneumatic stop valve 8, the third pneumatic stop valve 13, the fourth pneumatic stop valve 14, and the fifth pneumatic stop valve 16;

[0046] Hydrogen replacement: Open the sixth pneumatic stop valve 20 (or the seventh pneumatic stop valve 21), the eighth pneumatic stop valve 23, and the first pneumatic stop valve 7 in sequence. The nitrogen in the first nitrogen storage tank 4 (or the second nitrogen storage tank 5) enters the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected through the second one-way valve 22 to dilute the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected until the pressure in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected reaches the specified pressure, and then close the eighth pneumatic stop valve 23 so that the nitrogen and the residual hydrogen are evenly mixed. Then open the ninth pneumatic stop valve 24 and the third pressure reducing valve 25 in sequence. The hydrogen-nitrogen mixture in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected passes through the pipeline, through the third one-way valve 28 and the gas ejector 30, and enters the exhaust buffer tank 6. When the pressure in the exhaust buffer tank 6 reaches the specified pressure, open the tenth pneumatic stop valve 31, remove static electricity in the second flame arrester 32, and then discharge it to the high altitude. At the same time, open the second pressure reducing valve 35, and the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture enters the gas ejector 30 through the second pressure reducing valve 35 to increase the replacement gas discharge rate. Repeat the above process until the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage container 1 to be inspected measured by the hydrogen concentration detector reaches the standard, and complete the nitrogen replacement.

[0047] Adaptations made according to actual needs are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A method for hydrogen replacement and recovery of a high-pressure hydrogen storage container, characterized in that A hydrogen replacement and recovery system for a high-pressure hydrogen storage container; the high-pressure hydrogen storage container hydrogen replacement and recovery system includes a hydrogen storage container to be inspected, a hydrogen recovery pipeline, and a hydrogen replacement pipeline. An ejector, a low-pressure hydrogen storage container, a hydrogen compressor, and a high-pressure hydrogen storage container are sequentially arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline. The high-pressure intake port of the ejector is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container, the low-pressure intake port of the ejector is connected to the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, and the exhaust port of the ejector is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage container; A first flame arrester is arranged between the exhaust port of the ejector and the low-pressure hydrogen storage container; A first pressure reducing valve is arranged between the high-pressure hydrogen storage container and the high-pressure intake port of the ejector; A nitrogen gas storage tank, a gas ejector, and an exhaust buffer tank are arranged on the hydrogen replacement pipeline. The nitrogen gas storage tank is connected to the hydrogen storage container to be inspected. The high-pressure intake port and the exhaust port of the gas ejector are both communicated with the exhaust buffer tank, and the low-pressure intake port of the gas ejector is communicated with the hydrogen storage container to be inspected; the exhaust buffer tank is also communicated with the outside through a second flame arrester; A second pressure reducing valve is further arranged between the exhaust buffer tank and the high-pressure intake port of the gas ejector; The high-pressure hydrogen storage container hydrogen replacement and recovery system further includes a hydrogen concentration detector for measuring the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected; The high-pressure hydrogen storage container hydrogen replacement and recovery system further includes a vacuum pump for evacuating the hydrogen recovery pipeline and the hydrogen replacement pipeline; Including the following steps: System evacuation: Close the pneumatic stop valves on the hydrogen storage container to be inspected and the nitrogen gas storage tank, open the vacuum pump, and evacuate the hydrogen recovery pipeline and the hydrogen replacement pipeline; Hydrogen recovery: The hydrogen storage container to be inspected enters the ejector, removes static electricity in the flame arrester and then enters the low-pressure hydrogen storage container. After the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container gradually rises to the suction port required pressure value of the hydrogen compressor, start the hydrogen compressor to boost the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage container to the high-pressure hydrogen storage container; after the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container reaches the set value, the hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage container re-enters the ejector through the first pressure reducing valve, and the ejector starts to work to discharge the remaining hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected into the low-pressure hydrogen storage container; Hydrogen replacement: Nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas storage tank enters the hydrogen storage container to be inspected to dilute the residual hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected until the pressure in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected reaches the specified pressure; the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture in the hydrogen storage container to be inspected enters the exhaust buffer tank through the gas ejector. After the pressure in the exhaust buffer tank reaches the specified pressure, open the pneumatic stop valve on the exhaust buffer tank, remove static electricity in the flame arrester and then discharge it to a high altitude, and at the same time open the second pressure reducing valve to make the hydrogen-nitrogen mixture enter the gas ejector to increase the replacement and deflation rate; repeat the above process until the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration detector reaches the standard, and the nitrogen replacement is completed.

2. The method for hydrogen replacement and recovery of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first one-way valve is arranged between the hydrogen storage container to be inspected and the low-pressure intake port of the ejector.

3. The method for hydrogen replacement and recovery of the high-pressure hydrogen storage container according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second one-way valve is arranged between the nitrogen gas storage tank and the hydrogen storage container to be inspected, and a third one-way valve is arranged between the hydrogen storage container to be inspected and the low-pressure intake port of the gas ejector.

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