Short-process particulate medium forming method and device for dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate

Abstract

The present invention provides a short-process particulate medium forming method and device for a dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate. The specific steps are as follows: surface pretreatment of the alloy plate; laying out the alloy plates; performing metallurgical bonding on the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate by diffusion bonding: placing the dissimilar alloy composite plate in a resistance furnace and heating the resistance furnace to the preset temperature for diffusion bonding in an equal-gradient manner; pressing the left punch and the right punch into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively, and controlling the current frequency by changing the press to perform pulsed pressure on the pressing plate, the die, the punch in the forming device and the contact area with the surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate; performing heat preservation and pressure holding treatment on the dissimilar alloy composite plate; forming the dissimilar alloy composite plate with solid particles; cooling in a gradient manner and unloading to obtain the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate. The present invention integrates the forming preparation and the diffusion bonding of adjacent metal layers. The metallurgical bonding effect of the diffusion bonding is uniform and the forming efficiency is relatively high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dissimilar alloy composite plate forming, and particularly relates to a short-process particulate medium forming method and a forming device for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys. Background Art

[0002] Dissimilar alloy composite materials can be formed into an integral body by two or more materials with different properties through chemical methods or physical metallurgy combination. Dissimilar alloy composite materials can effectively reduce the consumption of rare alloys and achieve the optimal allocation of each component resource material. At present, the main preparation methods of dissimilar alloy composite plates include explosive cladding method, hot rolling method, etc. The preparation conditions of the explosive cladding method are harsh, and its uniformity and safety performance still need to be improved. The hot rolling method has high requirements for rolling mills, while the metallurgical combination has a simple process and can endow the composite plate with good process performance.

[0003] At present, the formed components of dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates are mainly single-layer, and multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates are mainly formed by compounding single-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates, with a complex process and low efficiency. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a short-process particulate medium forming method and device for multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates with simple process methods and conditions, good composite effects, and simple equipment. The short process means that the short-process solid particle forming of multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates is completed in a single process, that is, the composite plate is first subjected to diffusion bonding and then solid particle bulging, and both the diffusion bonding and the solid particle bulging are completed in the device described in this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a short-process particulate medium forming method and device for multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates. The pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plates obtained by laying are connected by using diffusion bonding metallurgical combination, mainly heated to the preset temperature of diffusion bonding by gradient heating in a resistance furnace in the forming device, and diffusion bonding is carried out by pulse pressurization through the forming device; then, a solid particle forming technology is adopted to bulge the dissimilar alloy composite plate into a multi-layer honeycomb structure. In this process, the drawing force of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is uniform and the pressure during forming is uniform, so as to integrate the preparation process and the forming process of diffusion bonding - solid particle forming of the dissimilar alloy composite plate, realize the manufacture of multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates in a single process, and improve the production efficiency.

[0005] The present invention provides a short-process particulate medium forming method for multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0006] S1. Prepare alloy plates and perform surface pretreatment. The alloy plates include a first alloy plate, a second alloy plate, and a third alloy plate;

[0007] S2. Lay out the alloy plates:

[0008] S21. Place the second alloy plate between two identical first alloy plates to make multiple laminated plates with the same structure;

[0009] S22. Take multiple third alloy plates and place them between two identical laminated plates at equal intervals to obtain a pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate;

[0010] S3. Connect the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate by diffusion bonding metallurgical bonding:

[0011] S31. Grind and dry the diffusion bonding surface of the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate obtained in step S22, and at the same time spray a release agent on the area where the third alloy plate is not placed in the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate;

[0012] S32. Place the dissimilar alloy composite plate treated in S31 in a resistance furnace, evacuate the resistance furnace to 0.09 MPa, and use a temperature control system and a thermocouple to heat the resistance furnace to the preset temperature of diffusion bonding at a preset speed of 15 °C / min. The diffusion coefficient expression of the dissimilar alloy composite plate at the preset temperature is:

[0013] D = Ee -q / KT

[0014] In the formula, D is the diffusion coefficient at the preset temperature, K is the Boltzmann constant, q is the diffusion activation energy, E is the proportionality coefficient, T is the preset temperature, and e is the base of the natural logarithm;

[0015] S33. Press the left punch and the right punch into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively. By changing the control current frequency of the press, pulse pressure is applied to the contact areas between the upper platen, the lower platen, the upper die, the lower die, the left punch, the right punch and the surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate. The pulse pressure makes the diffusion bonding effect of the dissimilar alloy composite plate better, and the pressure is loaded to 8 - 20 MPa at an equal gradient at a preset speed;

[0016] S34. Carry out heat preservation and pressure holding treatment on the dissimilar alloy composite plate in the resistance furnace. After the heat preservation is completed, turn off the resistance furnace and cool it to room temperature. At this time, the adjacent alloy plates in the dissimilar alloy composite plate are completed with diffusion bonding;

[0017] S4. Form the dissimilar alloy composite plate with solid particles:

[0018] S41. Withdraw the right punch of the right hydraulic cylinder on the right side of the press from the second cavity of the dissimilar alloy composite plate, and add solid particles inside the second cavity to make the solid particles fill the entire second cavity;

[0019] S42. Press the right punch of the right hydraulic cylinder located on the right side of the press into the second cavity of the dissimilar alloy composite plate. The expression for the penetration amount of the punch into the dissimilar alloy composite plate is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, h is the penetration amount of the indenter, a is the width of the third alloy plate, b is the thickness of the third alloy plate, z is the effective calculation length of the deformation zone, y is the distance of the initial indenter, and α is the compression coefficient of solid particles;

[0022] S43. Heat the dissimilar alloy composite plate filled with solid particles to 400 - 470 °C and keep the temperature constant;

[0023] S44. Keep the pressure of the upper platen and the lower platen in the forming device unchanged, and use the pressure control system to separately control the upper die connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder at the upper end of the press to move upward, and the lower die connected to the ejector cylinder at the lower end of the press to move downward, so as to reserve a forming space for the solid particle forming of the dissimilar alloy composite plate;

[0024] S45. Use the pressure control system to separately control the left punch fixed on the left hydraulic cylinder and the right punch fixed on the right hydraulic cylinder to apply gradient pressure to the solid particles, so that the pressure of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is 20 - 30 MPa until the dissimilar alloy composite plate is tightly attached to the upper die and the lower die. At this time, the upper die moves downward by 2 - 5 mm, the lower die moves upward by 2 - 5 mm, and expands into a multi-layer honeycomb structure. At this time, continue to keep the temperature and pressure constant until the multi-layer honeycomb plate of dissimilar metal alloy is completely formed;

[0025] S5. Gradually reduce the temperature of the resistance furnace through the temperature control system, and separately unload the pressure of the left hydraulic cylinder, the right hydraulic cylinder, the upper hydraulic cylinder and the ejector cylinder in the forming device through the pressure control system, and perform demolding to obtain a honeycomb-shaped dissimilar alloy composite plate.

[0026] Preferably, the first alloy plate and the third alloy plate are dissimilar alloys, the second alloy plate and the third alloy plate are the same alloy, the outer shapes of the first alloy plate and the second alloy plate are the same, and the width of the second alloy plate is 3n times the width of the third alloy plate; the distance between two adjacent third alloy plates is 3 times the distance between two grooves, and the grooves are located in the middle of two adjacent third alloy plates.

[0027] Preferably, in step S1, the surface pretreatment includes grooving, removing the oxide layer and drying; the grooving plays a guiding role, and the dissimilar alloy composite plate will deform along the pre-processed grooves under the action of the axial force and finally gradually expand into a honeycomb shape.

[0028] Preferably, in step S32, the preset temperature is 400 - 470°C.

[0029] Preferably, the etching groove is located on the side where the first alloy plate and the third alloy plate are in contact. The depth of the groove is 80 microns, and the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the groove is 120°.

[0030] Preferably, in step S4, the solid particles are silicon nitride ceramic balls and molybdenum disulfide, with diameters between 0.3 - 0.8 mm.

[0031] In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a short - process solid - particle forming device for a dissimilar - alloy multi - layer honeycomb composite plate using the aforementioned short - process particle - medium forming method for a dissimilar - alloy multi - layer honeycomb composite plate. It includes an upper hydraulic cylinder, a press, a resistance furnace, a left hydraulic cylinder, a left punch, a lower platen, a lower die, an ejector cylinder, an upper die, an upper platen, a right punch, and a right hydraulic cylinder. The resistance furnace is located in the middle of the press. The mounting end of the upper hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper end of the press, and the moving end of the upper hydraulic cylinder is respectively connected to the upper die and the upper platen. The mounting end of the ejector cylinder is connected to the lower end of the press, and the moving end of the ejector cylinder is respectively connected to the lower die and the lower platen. The mounting ends of the left hydraulic cylinder and the right hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of the press, and the moving end of the left hydraulic cylinder is provided with a left punch, and the moving end of the right hydraulic cylinder is provided with a right punch.

[0032] Preferably, it further includes a pressure control system, a displacement sensor, a PID control system, a temperature control system, and a thermocouple. The control end of the pressure control system is respectively connected to the control ends of the displacement sensor, the upper hydraulic cylinder, the left hydraulic cylinder, the ejector cylinder, and the right hydraulic cylinder. The PID control system is respectively connected to the control ends of the resistance furnace, the temperature control system, and the thermocouple.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] 1. By arranging the first alloy plate / second alloy plate / first alloy plate for complete overlapping layering, then performing diffusion bonding on the dissimilar - alloy composite plate layered as laminate / third alloy plate / laminate, and using the solid - particle forming preparation process, the required dissimilar - alloy honeycomb composite plate structural member is obtained. The entire manufacturing process has a high - efficiency and short process flow.

[0035] 2. The present invention adopts solid particle forming technology. The forming device based on solid particle forming technology has a compact structure. The right punch of the right hydraulic cylinder located on the right side of the press and the left punch of the left hydraulic cylinder located on the left side of the press are used to transmit pressure in a non-uniform distribution of solid particle media respectively, giving full play to the mechanical properties of the alloy plates in the dissimilar alloy composite plate.

[0036] 3. In the present invention, the size of the alloy plate is not restricted and can be adjusted according to the usage requirements, greatly expanding the application range of the forming method and making it applicable to various different scenarios.

[0037] 4. The present invention can integrate the processes of diffusion bonding - solid particle forming preparation and forming of dissimilar alloy composite plates, enabling the one-time manufacture of multi-layer dissimilar alloy honeycomb composite plates, thus improving production efficiency. Moreover, both diffusion bonding and solid particle bulging are carried out in the forming device, and a single process can achieve the efficient forming of composite material honeycomb plates, effectively reducing costs and improving production efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the short-process particle medium forming method for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a laying diagram of the laminates in the dissimilar alloy composite plate in the short-process particle medium forming method for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a laying diagram of the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate in the short-process particle medium forming method for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is an overall structure diagram of the short-process solid particle forming device for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5a and 5b It is a structure diagram of the left punch, right punch, first cavity and second cavity in the short-process solid particle forming device for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a laying diagram of the finished product of the honeycomb-shaped dissimilar alloy composite plate in the short-process particle medium forming method for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a flowchart of heating and pressurization in the short-process particle medium forming method for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention.

[0045] Main reference numerals:

[0046] Pressure control system 1, displacement sensor 2, upper hydraulic cylinder 3, press 4, resistance furnace 5, temperature control system 6, thermocouple 7, PID control system 8, left hydraulic cylinder 9, left punch 10, lower platen 11, lower die 12, ejector cylinder 13, upper die 14, upper platen 15, right punch 16, right hydraulic cylinder 17, first alloy plate 18, second alloy plate 19, third alloy plate 20, laminated plate 21, first cavity 22, second cavity 23. Detailed implementation mode

[0047] To elaborate on the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention, the following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0048] The short-process particulate medium forming method for multi-layer honeycomb composite plates of dissimilar alloys is realized as follows: The honeycomb dissimilar alloy composite plate is first subjected to diffusion bonding and then solid particle bulging, and the diffusion bonding and solid particle bulging are completed in the same process. The specific process is as Figure 1 and Figure 7 shown:

[0049] S1. Prepare alloy plates and perform surface pretreatment.

[0050] Specifically, the alloy plates include the first alloy plate 18, the second alloy plate 19 and the third alloy plate 20. The first alloy plate 18, the second alloy plate 19 and the third alloy plate 20 are obtained by means of wire cutting or laser cutting. The first alloy plate 18 and the third alloy plate 20 are dissimilar alloys, the second alloy plate 19 and the third alloy plate 20 are the same alloy, the outer shapes of the first alloy plate 18 and the second alloy plate 19 are the same, and the width of the second alloy plate 19 is 3n times the width of the third alloy plate 20.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dissimilar alloys are magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy, the first alloy plate 18 is magnesium alloy, the second alloy plate 19 is aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy plate is LY12 aluminum alloy, and the magnesium alloy is AZ91 magnesium alloy.

[0052] The surface pretreatment includes etching grooves, removing the oxide layer on the surface of the metal plate and drying treatment. The etching grooves are located on the side where the first alloy plate 18 and the third alloy plate 20 are in contact. The depth of the grooves is 80 microns, the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the grooves is 120°, and the grooves play a guiding role in the forming process of the dissimilar alloy composite plate. Under the action of the axial force, the dissimilar alloy composite plate will deform along the pre-processed grooves and finally gradually bulge into a honeycomb dissimilar alloy composite plate.

[0053] S2. Arrange the alloy plates.

[0054] S3. Connect the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate by diffusion bonding metallurgical bonding.

[0055] S4. Form the dissimilar alloy composite plate using solid particles. Specifically, the solid particles are silicon nitride ceramic balls and molybdenum disulfide, with a diameter between 0.3 and 0.8 mm. When the solid particles are used for bulging, the cavity is filled with solid particles, and the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right hydraulic cylinder 17 are respectively used to apply pressure to the solid particles in the cavity for bulging. The bulging pressure is adjusted by the pressure applied by the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right hydraulic cylinder 17 to the solid particles. The range of the bulging pressure applied by the solid particles is 20 - 30 MPa. The solid particles cause the dissimilar alloy composite plate to gradually deform along the processed grooves until a hexagon is formed.

[0056] S5. Gradually cool down the resistance furnace 5 through the temperature control system 6, and unload the pressure of the left hydraulic cylinder 9, the right hydraulic cylinder 17, the upper hydraulic cylinder 3, and the ejector cylinder 13 in the forming device through the pressure control system 1 respectively, and then demold to obtain the honeycomb dissimilar alloy composite plate. Specifically, for the gradual cooling and pressure reduction to reduce the springback of the multi-layer honeycomb composite plate, the cooling and pressure reduction treatment is carried out under the condition of 430 - 470 °C until the pressure applied by the solid particles on the inner surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate drops to 0 MPa.

[0057] Further, the process of arranging the alloy plates in step S2 includes

[0058] S21. Place the second alloy plate 19 between two identical first alloy plates 18 to make multiple laminated plates 21 with the same structure, as Figure 2 shown.

[0059] S22. Take multiple third alloy plates 20 and place them between two identical laminated plates 21 at equal intervals. The specific number of layers of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is determined according to the load borne by the actual service environment of the prepared part, and the number of layers n ≥ 2 to obtain the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate. Specifically, the distance between two adjacent third alloy plates 20 is 3 times the distance between two grooves, and the grooves are located in the middle of two adjacent third alloy plates 20, as Figure 3 shown.

[0060] During the arranging process, it is necessary to ensure the accurate positioning of the first alloy plate 18 / the second alloy plate 19 / the first alloy plate 18 and the laminated plate 21 / the third alloy plate 20 / the laminated plate 21.

[0061] Further, the process of connecting the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate using diffusion bonding metallurgical combination in step S3 includes:

[0062] S31. Grind and dry the diffusion bonding surface of the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate obtained in step S22 to ensure that there are almost no gaps on the contact surface. At the same time, spray an isolating agent on the area of the pre-prepared dissimilar alloy composite plate where the third alloy plate is not placed. The isolating agent is sprayed after each layer of the third alloy plate 20 is laid out.

[0063] S32. Place the dissimilar alloy composite plate processed in step S31 into the resistance furnace 5, evacuate the resistance furnace 5 to 0.09 MPa, and use the temperature control system 6 and the thermocouple 7 to heat the resistance furnace 5 at a preset speed of 15 °C / min to the preset temperature for diffusion bonding. Specifically, the temperature of the resistance furnace 5 is selected to be above the composite temperature of dissimilar alloy diffusion bonding, and the preset temperature is 400 - 470 °C. The diffusion coefficient expression of the dissimilar alloy composite plate at the preset temperature is:

[0064] D = Ee -q / KT

[0065] In the formula, D is the diffusion coefficient at the preset temperature, K is the Boltzmann constant, q is the diffusion activation energy, E is the proportionality coefficient, T is the preset temperature, and e is the base of the natural logarithm.

[0066] It can be seen from the formula that the atomic diffusion coefficient increases with the increase of temperature, and thus the diffusion process is faster. However, the temperature of diffusion bonding should not be too high, otherwise it is easy to cause serious grain growth, severe deformation, etc., resulting in a decrease in the bonding strength. Therefore, the diffusion bonding temperature of general metals or alloys is set as:

[0067] T = (0.6 - 0.8)T m

[0068] In the formula, T is the preset temperature, and T m is the melting point of the base material. In this embodiment, magnesium alloy is used as the base material.

[0069] S33. Press the left punch 9 and the right punch 16 into the first cavity 22 and the second cavity 23 respectively, and pulse pressurize the contact areas between the upper platen 11, the lower platen 15, the upper die 14, the lower die 12, the left punch 9, the right punch 15 and the surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate by changing the control current frequency of the press 4. Pulse pressurization can make the diffusion bonding effect of the dissimilar alloy composite plate better, and the pressure is loaded at a preset speed in equal gradient to 8 - 20 MPa.

[0070] S34. Carry out heat preservation and pressure holding treatment on the dissimilar alloy composite plate in the resistance furnace 5. The heat preservation time after diffusion bonding and composite is 50 - 100 min. After the heat preservation is completed, turn off the resistance furnace 5 and cool it to room temperature. At this time, the adjacent alloy plates in the dissimilar alloy composite plate are completed with diffusion bonding.

[0071] Further, the method of forming the dissimilar alloy composite plate using solid particles in step S4 includes

[0072] S41. As shown in Figure 5a , withdraw the right punch 16 of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 located on the right side of the press 4 from the second cavity 23 of the dissimilar alloy composite plate, and add solid particles inside the second cavity 23 to fill the entire second cavity 23 with solid particles.

[0073] S42. As shown in Figure 5b , press the right punch 16 of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 located on the right side of the press 4 into the second cavity 23 of the dissimilar alloy composite plate. According to the principle of constant volume and considering the expansion rate of the solid particles, the expression for the punch penetration amount is:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, h is the penetration amount of the indenter, a is the width of the third alloy plate 20, b is the thickness of the third alloy plate 20, z is the effective calculation length of the deformation zone, y is the distance of the initial indenter, and α is the compression coefficient of the solid particles.

[0076] S43. Heat the dissimilar alloy composite plate filled with solid particles to 400 - 470 °C and keep the temperature constant.

[0077] S44. Keep the pressure of the upper platen 11 and the lower platen 15 in the forming device unchanged, and use the pressure control system 1 to control the upper die 14 connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 at the upper end of the press 4 to move upward and the lower die 12 connected to the ejector cylinder 13 at the lower end of the press 4 to move downward respectively to reserve a forming space for the solid particle forming of the dissimilar alloy composite plate.

[0078] S45. Use the pressure control system 1 to control the left punch 10 fixed on the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right punch 16 fixed on the right hydraulic cylinder 17 to apply gradient pressure to the solid particles, so that the pressure of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is 20 - 30 MPa until the upper surface and the lower surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate are respectively in close contact with the upper die 14 and the lower die 12. At this time, the upper die 14 moves downward by 2 - 5 mm, the lower die 12 moves upward by 2 - 5 mm, and expands into a multi-layer honeycomb structure. At this time, continue to keep warm and hold the pressure for 3 - 5 min until the multi-layer honeycomb plate of the dissimilar metal alloy is completely formed.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the short-process solid particle forming device for the dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate, as shown in Figure 4As shown in FIGS. 5, it includes an upper hydraulic cylinder 3, a press 4 provided with a displacement sensor 2, a resistance furnace 5, a left hydraulic cylinder 9, a left punch 10, a lower platen 11, a lower die 12, an ejector cylinder 13, an upper die 14, an upper platen 15, a right punch 16 and a right hydraulic cylinder 17. After the punch moves and presses into the cavity of the composite plate, complete sealing can be achieved. The upper hydraulic cylinder 3, the left hydraulic cylinder 9, the right hydraulic cylinder 17 and the ejector cylinder 13 are connected to a computer to jointly form a pressure control system 1 to control the forming pressure of the composite plate. The ejector cylinder 13 can eject the finished part to achieve demoulding; the upper platen 11, the lower platen 15, the upper die 14, the lower die 12 and the thermocouple 7 are all located in the resistance furnace 5, and the upper platen 11 and the lower platen 15 are used to fix the composite plate.

[0080] The resistance furnace 5 is located in the middle of the press 4. The installation end of the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected to the upper end of the press 4, and the moving end of the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 is respectively connected to the upper die 14 and the upper platen 15. The installation end of the ejector cylinder 13 is connected to the lower end of the press 4, and the moving end of the ejector cylinder 13 is respectively connected to the lower die 12 and the lower platen 11. The movement of the plunger drives the die to move. The installation ends of the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right hydraulic cylinder 17 are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of the press 4, and the moving end of the left hydraulic cylinder 9 is provided with a left punch 10, and the moving end of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 is provided with a right punch 16.

[0081] The short-process solid particle forming device for dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plates further includes a pressure control system 1, a displacement sensor 2, a PID control system 8, a temperature control system 6 and a thermocouple 7. The control end of the pressure control system 1 is respectively connected to the control ends of the displacement sensor 2, the upper hydraulic cylinder 3, the left hydraulic cylinder 9, the ejector cylinder 13 and the right hydraulic cylinder 17. The PID control system 8 is respectively connected to the control ends of the resistance furnace 5, the temperature control system 6 and the thermocouple 7. Diffusion bonding and solid particle bulging are both carried out in the forming device, and a single process can achieve the efficient forming of honeycomb dissimilar alloy composite plates, effectively reducing costs and improving production efficiency.

[0082] The main working process of the short-process solid particle forming device for dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plates is as follows: First, place the dissimilar alloy composite plate in the resistance furnace 5 and evacuate it. The press 4 applies pressure to the dissimilar alloy composite plate through the upper platen 15, lower platen 11, lower die 12, and upper die 14 respectively. Then, the resistance furnace 5 is heated to a temperature above the diffusion bonding composite temperature of the dissimilar alloy through the temperature control system 6 and the thermocouple 7 in a gradient manner. The left punch 10 and the right punch 16 are respectively pressed into the first cavity 22 and the second cavity 23. By changing the control current frequency of the press 4, pulse pressure is applied to the contact areas between the upper platen 11, lower platen 15, upper die 14, lower die 12, left punch 9, right punch 15, and the surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate, and further diffusion bonding and composite of the dissimilar alloy composite plate occur. Then, control the upper platen 15 and the lower platen 11 to keep the pressure unchanged. The pressure control system 1 applies pressure to the solid particles through the left punch 10 and the right punch 16 fixed on the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right hydraulic cylinder 17 respectively, so that the cavity of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is gradually formed into a regular hexagon. At this time, the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the upper die 14 to move upward, and the ejector cylinder 13 drives the lower die 12 to move downward. Finally, after the forming and film pasting process of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is completed, move the upper die 14 downward by 2 - 5 mm and move the lower die 12 upward by 2 - 5 mm for heat preservation and pressure holding; the temperature control system 6 controls the resistance furnace 5 to cool down in a gradient manner, and the pressure control system 1 unloads the pressure through the left hydraulic cylinder 9, right hydraulic cylinder 17, upper hydraulic cylinder 3, and ejector cylinder 13.

[0083] The following further describes a short-process particle medium forming method and device for a dissimilar alloy multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of the present invention in conjunction with embodiments:

[0084] Embodiment 1:

[0085] S1. Prepare alloy plates and perform surface pretreatment.

[0086] The first alloy plate 18, the second alloy plate 19, and the third alloy plate 20 are obtained by wire cutting or laser cutting. The first alloy plate 18 is a magnesium alloy plate, and the second alloy plate 19 and the third alloy plate 20 are aluminum alloy plates of different sizes respectively; and surface pretreatment is performed on the alloy plates before diffusion bonding: specifically including etching grooves, removing the oxide layer, and drying treatment.

[0087] Furthermore, the grooves are formed by laser ablation of a laser. The depth of the grooves is 80 microns. The power of the used laser is 70 w, the maximum pulse energy is 1.0 mJ, the frequency is 70 kHz, and the wavelength is 1065 nm; the surface treatment includes: the first alloy plate 18, the second alloy plate 19, and the third alloy plate 20 are respectively polished with 800# sandpaper to remove the oxide layer on the surface. Secondly, they are soaked in warm water for about 2 - 5 minutes, and ultrasonic cleaning is performed to remove the residual alloy powder on the surface. Subsequently, they are rinsed with alcohol, dried with cold air, and then reserved for use.

[0088] S2. Lay out the alloy plates.

[0089] S21. Stack the first alloy plate 18 / the second alloy plate 19 / the first alloy plate 18 completely overlapping to form multiple laminated plates 21 with the same structure.

[0090] S22. Lay out in the order of laminated plate 21 / the third alloy plate 20 / laminated plate 21. The third alloy plate 20 is laid out at equal intervals between two laminated plates 21. During the laying process, ensure the accurate positioning of the first alloy plate 18 / the second alloy plate 19 / the first alloy plate 18 and the laminated plate 21 / the third alloy plate 20 / laminated plate 21.

[0091] S3. Connect the pre-prepared magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate by diffusion bonding metallurgical bonding.

[0092] S31. Grind and dry the diffusion bonding surface of the pre-prepared magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate obtained in step S22 to ensure that there are almost no gaps on the contact surface. At the same time, spray a release agent on the area of the pre-prepared magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate where the third alloy plate is not placed. The release agent is sprayed after each layer of the third alloy plate 20 is laid out.

[0093] S32. Place the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate treated in S31 in the resistance furnace 5, evacuate the resistance furnace 5 to 0.09 MPa, and use the temperature control system 6 and the thermocouple 7 to heat the resistance furnace 5 to the preset temperature of 400 - 470 °C for diffusion bonding at a preset speed of 15 °C / min.

[0094] S33. Press the left punch 9 and the right punch 16 into the first cavity 22 and the second cavity 23 respectively. By changing the control current frequency of the press 4, pulse pressure is applied to the contact areas between the upper platen 11, the lower platen 15, the upper die 14, the lower die 12, the left punch 9, the right punch 15 and the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate. Pulse pressure can make the diffusion bonding effect of the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate better, and the pressure is loaded to 8 - 20 MPa at a preset speed in equal gradient.

[0095] S34. Carry out heat preservation and pressure holding treatment on the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate in the resistance furnace 5. The heat preservation time after diffusion bonding and compounding is 50 - 100 min. After the heat preservation is completed, close the resistance furnace 5 and cool it to room temperature. At this time, the adjacent alloy plates in the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate are completed with diffusion bonding.

[0096] S4. Form the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite plate with solid particles.

[0097] S41. Withdraw the right punch 16 of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 located on the right side of the press 4 from the second cavity 23 of the magnesium alloy composite plate, ensure its sealing performance, form a semi-closed space, and add solid particles inside the second cavity 23 to fill the entire second cavity 23 with solid particles.

[0098] S42. Press the right punch 16 of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 located on the right side of the press 4 into the second cavity 23 of the magnesium alloy composite plate, ensure its sealing performance, and form a closed space.

[0099] S43. Heat the magnesium alloy composite plate filled with solid particles to 400 - 470 °C and keep the temperature constant.

[0100] S44. Keep the pressure of the upper platen 11 and the lower platen 15 in the forming device unchanged, and use the pressure control system 1 to separately control the upper die 14 connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 located at the upper end of the press 4 to move upward, and the lower die 12 connected to the ejector cylinder 13 located at the lower end of the press 4 to move downward, so as to reserve a forming space for the solid particle forming of the magnesium alloy composite plate.

[0101] S45. Use the pressure control system 1 to separately control the left punch 10 fixed on the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right punch 16 fixed on the right hydraulic cylinder 17 to apply gradient pressure to the solid particles, so that the pressure of the magnesium alloy composite plate is 20 - 25 MPa until the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnesium alloy composite plate are respectively in close contact with the upper die 14 and the lower die 12. At this time, the upper die 14 moves downward by 2 - 5 mm, the lower die 12 moves upward by 2 - 5 mm, and expands to form a multi-layer honeycomb structure. At this time, continue to keep warm and hold the pressure for 30 - 35 min until the multi-layer honeycomb plate of magnesium-aluminum alloy is completely formed.

[0102] S5. Gradually reduce the temperature of the resistance furnace 5 through the temperature control system 6, and separately unload the pressure of the left hydraulic cylinder 9, the right hydraulic cylinder 17, the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 and the ejector cylinder 13 in the forming device through the pressure control system 1, and perform demolding to obtain a honeycomb magnesium alloy composite plate, as Figure 6 shown.

[0103] Example 2:

[0104] S1. Prepare alloy plates and perform surface pretreatment.

[0105] Use wire cutting or laser cutting and other methods to obtain the first alloy plate 18, the second alloy plate 19 and the third alloy plate 20. The first alloy plate 18 is a magnesium alloy plate, and the second alloy plate 19 and the third alloy plate 20 are aluminum-lithium alloy plates with different sizes respectively; and perform surface pretreatment on the alloy plates before diffusion bonding: specifically including etching grooves, removing the oxide layer treatment and drying treatment.

[0106] Further, the grooves are formed by laser ablation of a laser. The depth of the grooves is 80 microns. The power of the laser used is 70 w, the maximum pulse energy is 1.0 mJ, the frequency is 70 kHz, and the wavelength is 1065 nm. The surface treatment includes: the first alloy plate 18, the second alloy plate 19, and the third alloy plate 20 are respectively polished with 800# sandpaper to remove the oxide layer on the surface. Secondly, they are soaked in warm water for about 2 - 5 minutes and ultrasonically cleaned to remove the residual alloy powder on the surface. Subsequently, they are rinsed with alcohol, dried with cold air, and set aside for later use.

[0107] S2. Arrange the alloy plates.

[0108] S21. Stack them completely overlapping according to the first alloy plate 18 / the second alloy plate 19 / the first alloy plate 18 to make a plurality of laminated plates 21 with the same structure.

[0109] S22. Arrange them according to the laminated plate 21 / the third alloy plate 20 / the laminated plate 21. The third alloy plate 20 is arranged at equal intervals in the middle of the two laminated plates 21. During the stacking process, it is necessary to ensure the accurate positioning of the first alloy plate 18 / the second alloy plate 19 / the first alloy plate 18 and the laminated plate 21 / the third alloy plate 20 / the laminated plate 21.

[0110] S3. Connect the pre - prepared magnesium - aluminum - lithium composite plate by diffusion bonding metallurgical combination.

[0111] S31. Grind and dry the diffusion bonding surface of the pre - prepared magnesium - aluminum - lithium composite plate obtained in step S22 to ensure that there are almost no gaps on the contact surface. At the same time, spray an isolation agent on the area of the pre - prepared magnesium - aluminum - lithium composite plate where the third alloy plate is not placed. The isolation agent is sprayed after each layer of the third alloy plate 20 is arranged.

[0112] S32. Place the magnesium - aluminum - lithium composite plate processed in S31 in the resistance furnace 5, evacuate the resistance furnace 5 to 0.09 MPa, and use the temperature control system 6 and the thermocouple 7 to heat the resistance furnace 5 to the preset temperature of 390 - 450 °C for diffusion bonding at a preset speed of 15 °C / min in a gradient manner.

[0113] S33. Press the left punch 9 and the right punch 16 into the first cavity 22 and the second cavity 23 respectively. By changing the control current frequency of the press 4, pulse pressure is applied to the contact areas between the upper platen 11, the lower platen 15, the upper die 14, the lower die 12, the left punch 9, the right punch 15 and the surface of the magnesium - aluminum - lithium composite plate. Pulse pressure can make the diffusion bonding effect of the magnesium - aluminum - lithium composite plate better. The pressure is loaded in a gradient manner to 8 - 20 MPa at a preset speed.

[0114] S34. Insulate and maintain pressure on the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate in the resistance furnace 5. The insulation time after diffusion bonding is 40 - 90 minutes. After the insulation is completed, turn off the resistance furnace 5 and cool it to room temperature. At this time, the adjacent alloy plates in the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate are completed with diffusion bonding.

[0115] S4. Use solid particles to form the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate.

[0116] S41. Withdraw the right punch 16 of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 on the right side of the press 4 from the second cavity 23 of the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate, ensure its sealing performance, form a semi-closed space, and add solid particles inside the second cavity 23 to make the solid particles fill the entire second cavity 23.

[0117] S42. Press the right punch 16 of the right hydraulic cylinder 17 on the right side of the press 4 into the second cavity 23 of the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate, ensure its sealing performance, and form a closed space.

[0118] S43. Heat the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate filled with solid particles to 400 - 470 °C and keep the temperature constant.

[0119] S44. Keep the pressure of the upper platen 11 and the lower platen 15 in the forming device unchanged, and use the pressure control system 1 to control the upper die 14 connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 at the upper end of the press 4 to move upward and the lower die 12 connected to the ejector cylinder 13 at the lower end of the press 4 to move downward respectively, so as to reserve a forming space for the solid particle forming of the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate.

[0120] S45. Use the pressure control system 1 to control the left punch 10 fixed on the left hydraulic cylinder 9 and the right punch 16 fixed on the right hydraulic cylinder 17 to apply gradient pressure to the solid particles, so that the pressure of the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate is 20 - 25 MPa until the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate are respectively in close contact with the upper die 14 and the lower die 12. At this time, the upper die 14 moves downward by 2 - 5 mm, the lower die 12 moves upward by 2 - 5 mm, and it bulges into a multi-layer honeycomb structure. At this time, continue to keep warm and hold the pressure for 30 - 35 minutes until the multi-layer honeycomb plate of the magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate is completely formed.

[0121] S5. Gradually reduce the temperature of the resistance furnace 5 through the temperature control system 6, and reduce the pressure of the left hydraulic cylinder 9, the right hydraulic cylinder 17, the upper hydraulic cylinder 3 and the ejector cylinder 13 in the forming device through the pressure control system 1 respectively for unloading, and then demold to obtain the honeycomb magnesium-aluminum-lithium composite plate.

[0122] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention's design, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short - process particle - medium forming method for dissimilar - alloy multi - layer honeycomb composite plates, characterized in that, the specific implementation steps are as follows: S1. Prepare alloy plates and conduct surface pretreatment. The alloy plates include a first alloy plate, a second alloy plate, and a third alloy plate; S2. Arrange the alloy plates: S21. Place the second alloy plate between two identical first alloy plates to make multiple laminated plates with the same structure; S22. Take multiple third alloy plates and place them between two identical laminated plates at equal intervals to obtain a pre - prepared dissimilar - alloy composite plate; S3. Connect the pre - prepared dissimilar - alloy composite plate by diffusion bonding metallurgical combination: S31. Grind and dry the diffusion - bonding surface of the pre - prepared dissimilar - alloy composite plate obtained in step S22. At the same time, spray an isolation agent on the area of the pre - prepared dissimilar - alloy composite plate where the third alloy plate is not placed; S32. Place the dissimilar - alloy composite plate processed in S31 in a resistance furnace, evacuate the resistance furnace to 0.09 MPa, and use a temperature control system and thermocouples to heat the resistance furnace to the preset temperature for diffusion bonding at a preset speed of 15 °C / min. The diffusion coefficient expression of the dissimilar - alloy composite plate at the preset temperature is: D = Ee -q / KT In the formula, D is the diffusion coefficient at the preset temperature, K is the Boltzmann constant, q is the diffusion activation energy, E is the proportionality coefficient, T is the preset temperature, and e is the base of the natural logarithm; S33. Press the left punch and the right punch into the first cavity and the second cavity respectively. By changing the control current frequency of the press, pulse pressure is applied to the contact areas between the upper platen, the lower platen, the upper die, the lower die, the left punch, the right punch and the surface of the dissimilar - alloy composite plate. Pulse pressure makes the diffusion - bonding effect of the dissimilar - alloy composite plate better, and the pressure is loaded to 8 - 20 MPa at an equal gradient with a preset speed; S34. Conduct heat - preservation and pressure - holding treatment on the dissimilar - alloy composite plate in the resistance furnace. After heat - preservation is completed, close the resistance furnace and cool it to room temperature. At this time, the adjacent alloy plates in the dissimilar - alloy composite plate are completed with diffusion bonding; S4. Form the dissimilar - alloy composite plate with solid particles: S41. Withdraw the right punch of the right hydraulic cylinder on the right side of the press from the first cavity of the dissimilar - alloy composite plate, and add solid particles inside the second cavity to make the solid particles fill the entire second cavity; S42. Press the right punch of the right hydraulic cylinder on the right side of the press into the second cavity of the dissimilar - alloy composite plate. The expression of the penetration amount of the punch into the dissimilar - alloy composite plate is: In the formula, h is the penetration amount of the punch, a is the width of the third alloy plate, b is the thickness of the third alloy plate, z is the effective calculation length of the deformation zone, y is the distance of the initial punch, and α is the compression coefficient of the solid particles; S43. Heat the dissimilar - alloy composite plate filled with solid particles to 400 - 470 °C and keep the temperature unchanged; S44. Keep the pressure of the upper platen and the lower platen in the forming device unchanged, and use the pressure control system to separately control the upward movement of the upper die connected to the upper hydraulic cylinder at the upper end of the press and the downward movement of the lower die connected to the ejector cylinder at the lower end of the press, so as to reserve a forming space for the solid particle forming of the dissimilar alloy composite plate; S45. Use the pressure control system to separately control the left punch fixed to the left hydraulic cylinder and the right punch fixed to the right hydraulic cylinder to apply gradient pressure to the solid particles, so that the pressure of the dissimilar alloy composite plate is 20 - 30 MPa until the upper surface and the lower surface of the dissimilar alloy composite plate are respectively in close contact with the upper die and the lower die. At this time, the upper die moves downward by 2 - 5 mm, the lower die moves upward by 2 - 5 mm, and expands into a multi-layer honeycomb structure. At this time, continue to keep the temperature and pressure until the multi-layer honeycomb plate of the dissimilar metal alloy is completely formed; S5. Gradually reduce the temperature of the resistance furnace through the temperature control system, unload the pressure of the left hydraulic cylinder, the right hydraulic cylinder, the upper hydraulic cylinder and the ejector cylinder in the forming device respectively through the pressure control system, and perform demolding to obtain a honeycomb dissimilar alloy composite plate.

2. The short-process particle medium forming method for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys according to claim 1, wherein, the first alloy plate and the third alloy plate are dissimilar alloys, the second alloy plate and the third alloy plate are the same alloy, the outer shape structures of the first alloy plate and the second alloy plate are the same, and the width of the second alloy plate is 3n times the width of the third alloy plate; the distance between two adjacent third alloy plates is 3 times the distance between two grooves, and the grooves are located in the middle of two adjacent third alloy plates.

3. The short-process particle medium forming method for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys according to claim 1, wherein, in step S1, the surface pretreatment includes etching grooves, removing the oxide layer and drying; The etched grooves play a guiding role. Under the action of the axial force, the dissimilar alloy composite plate will deform along the pre-processed grooves and finally gradually expand into a honeycomb shape.

4. The short-process particle medium forming method for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys according to claim 1, wherein, in step S32, the preset temperature is 400 - 470 °C.

5. The short-process particle medium forming method for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys according to claim 3, wherein, the etched grooves are located on the side where the first alloy plate and the third alloy plate are in contact, the depth of the grooves is 80 microns, and the central angle corresponding to the arc surface of the grooves is 120°.

6. The short-process particle medium forming method for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys according to claim 1, wherein, in step S4, the solid particles are silicon nitride ceramic balls and molybdenum disulfide, and the diameter is between 0.3 - 0.8 mm.

7. A forming device for the short-process particle medium forming method for a multi-layer honeycomb composite plate of dissimilar alloys according to any one of claims 1 - 6, wherein, It includes an upper hydraulic cylinder, a press, a resistance furnace, a left hydraulic cylinder, a left punch, a lower platen, a lower die, an ejection cylinder, an upper die, an upper platen, a right punch and a right hydraulic cylinder; the resistance furnace is located in the middle of the press, the installation end of the upper hydraulic cylinder is connected to the upper end of the press, the moving end of the upper hydraulic cylinder is respectively connected to the upper die and the upper platen, the installation end of the ejection cylinder is connected to the lower end of the press, the moving end of the ejection cylinder is respectively connected to the lower die and the lower platen, the installation ends of the left hydraulic cylinder and the right hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the left end and the right end of the press, the moving end of the left hydraulic cylinder is provided with a left punch, and the moving end of the right hydraulic cylinder is provided with a right punch.

8. The forming device according to claim 7, characterized in that it further includes a pressure control system, a displacement sensor, a PID control system, a temperature control system and a thermocouple, the control end of the pressure control system is respectively connected to the control ends of the displacement sensor, the upper hydraulic cylinder, the left hydraulic cylinder, the ejection cylinder and the right hydraulic cylinder, and the PID control system is respectively connected to the control ends of the resistance furnace, the temperature control system and the thermocouple.

Images