A method and construction device for controlling tunnel settlement

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction, specifically a settlement control method and construction device for tunnels. The settlement control method includes the following steps: S1: Install the shield launching bracket and reaction frame, simultaneously assemble the shield machine, and complete the tunnel portal sealing installation; S2: During shield construction, appropriate additives are injected according to the surrounding rock conditions to ensure the fluidity and water-stopping properties of the excavated soil; By setting up a defoaming tank, vacuum pump, exhaust pipe, rotating shaft, motor, feed hopper, and stirring blades, the motor drives the rotating shaft and stirring blades, and the rotation of the stirring blades continuously agitates the mortar, improving the overall defoaming effect. After defoaming, the mortar in the defoaming tank is extracted by the grouting pump, and then grouting is performed by the grouting pipe. By relying on the above setup, the amount of air bubbles in the mortar is reduced, thereby reducing the impact of air bubbles on the strength of the mortar after solidification on the surface of the tunnel segments after grouting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, specifically a method and construction device for controlling tunnel settlement. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel is a structure buried underground, primarily used for vehicle passage. The main body of a tunnel consists of the tunnel body and the portal. The main body is also equipped with corresponding auxiliary facilities such as drainage, emergency response, ventilation, and fire protection. The shield tunneling method is commonly used in the construction of urban underground tunnels.

[0003] In current technology, during tunnel excavation, pipe sections are spliced ​​onto the inner wall of the tunnel after it has been excavated by the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to support the tunnel interior. During the excavation process, workers inject grout, which has been mixed, into the tail of the shield using a grouting pump to fill the gaps between the structure and the soil. Since there may be some gaps when the grout is injected synchronously during the shield advance to fill the gaps in the structure, workers need to perform secondary grouting based on monitoring data.

[0004] However, during the construction process, a large amount of air will be mixed into the mortar after mixing, resulting in air bubbles in the mortar. After grouting, the air bubbles will cause small gaps in the solidified mortar, affecting the strength of the solidified mortar. Therefore, a settlement control method and construction device for tunnels are proposed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a settlement control method for tunnels, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Install the shield launching bracket and reaction frame, and simultaneously assemble the shield machine and install the tunnel portal seal;

[0008] S2: During shield tunneling, appropriate additives are injected according to the surrounding rock conditions to ensure the fluidity and water-stopping properties of the excavated soil.

[0009] S3: Install the plate onto the segment on the ground using fasteners, then assemble the segments inside the tunnel, installing multiple segments one by one to form a ring-shaped pipeline.

[0010] S4: The mixed mortar is injected into the defoaming tank of the construction equipment. The vacuum pump and mixing blades of the construction equipment continuously stir the mortar to remove bubbles. Grouting holes are added to the lower half of the construction section, and double-liquid grouting is carried out to reinforce the weak strata and control tunnel settlement.

[0011] S5: Grouting is carried out simultaneously during the tunnel boring process. The defoamed mortar is injected into the pipe body through the grouting pump of the construction equipment, and then the mortar is sprayed out from the pipe body to fill the gap between the soil layer and the pipe segment.

[0012] S6: Depending on the actual situation of the project, if segment leakage or tunnel settlement occurs, secondary or multiple backfill grouting will be carried out in the grouting holes of the segments 5-8 rings behind the shield tail to control delayed settlement and reduce the pressure on tunnel waterproofing.

[0013] S7: Set up monitoring points inside the tunnel to monitor the foundation heave and settlement, tunnel structure clearance convergence, and surface settlement. The monitoring points should be set up to avoid the driving positions of segment trucks and slurry trucks, and should be clearly marked.

[0014] A tunnel construction device is provided, applicable to the aforementioned tunnel settlement control method. The device includes a bearing plate; a pair of bearing frames are fixedly connected to the top of the bearing plate; a defoaming tank is fixedly connected between the pair of bearing frames; a grouting pump is installed on the side of the defoaming tank; a grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the grouting pump; a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the defoaming tank; a motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft; the motor is fixedly connected to the bearing plate; a set of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft; a vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the side of the bearing plate; an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the input end of the vacuum pump; the exhaust pipe penetrates the top wall of the defoaming tank and is fixedly connected thereto; a feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the defoaming tank; a valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed hopper. These features reduce the amount of air bubbles in the mortar, thereby reducing the impact of air bubbles on the strength of the mortar after solidification on the surface of the tunnel segments after grouting.

[0015] Preferably, a set of vibrating rods is fixedly connected to the bottom of the defoaming tank; an eccentric shaft is rotatably connected inside the vibrating rods; a first gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the eccentric shaft; a second gear is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft; the first gear and the second gear mesh with each other, and the vibrating rods generate vibration, thereby vibrating the mortar and stirring it with the mixing blades, which can improve the defoaming effect of the mortar and reduce the amount of air bubbles in the mortar.

[0016] Preferably, a separation cylinder is fixedly connected to one end of the exhaust pipe inside the defoaming tank; guide rings are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the separation cylinder; a set of arc-shaped plates are fixedly connected between a pair of guide rings; separation plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the arc-shaped plates; a set of through grooves are opened on the surface of the separation cylinder, and the splashed mortar can be blocked by the above-mentioned arrangement, thereby reducing the situation where mortar is sucked into the exhaust pipe and vacuum pump, and thus reducing the situation where the exhaust pipe is blocked and the vacuum pump is damaged.

[0017] Preferably, a ring body is fitted onto the surface of a set of the arc-shaped plates; a set of first scrapers and second scrapers are fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the ring body; a magnetic ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the ring body; a magnetic block is fixedly connected to the surface of the stirring blade located at the top of the rotating shaft; a return spring is fixedly connected between the magnetic ring and the guide ring, and the mortar on the separation plate and the arc-shaped plates is scraped off by the first scraper and the second scraper, thereby reducing the accumulation of mortar on the arc-shaped plates and the separation plate, and thus reducing the situation where the arc-shaped plates are blocked due to the solidification of mortar.

[0018] Preferably, the end of the grouting pipe is provided with a grouting assembly; the grouting assembly includes a plate; a pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the plate; one of the sets of pipes is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe; the connecting pipe and the grouting pipe are detachably fixedly connected through a pipe joint; a set of grout outlet pipes are fixedly connected to the side of the pipe, and by setting multiple grout outlet pipes, grout is evenly discharged from multiple points on the outside of the pipe segment, which can reduce the pressure of grout discharge and reduce the distance of grout flow, thereby reducing the contact between grout and air after spraying, and thus reducing the situation where the sprayed grout is mixed with air again and generates air bubbles.

[0019] Preferably, a screw is threadedly connected to the middle of the plate; a support frame is rotatably connected to the end of the screw; a support rod is fixedly connected to the end of the support frame away from the screw; a support plate is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod. Before grouting, the screw is rotated, and the rotation of the screw drives the support frame to move, so that the support plate at the end of the support rod abuts against the soil layer, which can play a supporting role. At the same time, the mortar and the support rod solidify together, and the support rod can enhance the strength of the mortar.

[0020] Preferably, the support rod is provided with a bonding plate; the support rod passes through the bonding plate and is slidably connected to it; a first spring is fixed between the support frame and the bonding plate; the grout outlet pipe passes through the wall of the bonding plate and is fixedly connected to it, thereby reducing the situation where the mortar is sprayed out in a splashing manner, and thus reducing the situation where a large amount of air is mixed in the mortar.

[0021] Preferably, a pair of guide holes are provided on both sides of the bonding plate; a guide rod is slidably connected in the guide hole; a sealing plate is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod outside the guide hole; a second spring is fixedly connected between the end of the guide rod away from the sealing plate and the wall of the guide hole, so as to seal the gap between the two bonding plates, reduce the amount of mortar flowing from the gap between the two bonding plates into the gap between the bonding plate and the connecting plate, and thus reduce the amount of air bubbles mixed in the flowing mortar.

[0022] Preferably, a pair of positioning blocks and a locking block are fixedly connected to both ends of the tube body; a pair of positioning rods are fixedly connected to the side of the positioning block away from the locking block; a positioning groove is opened at the corresponding position of the locking block and the positioning rod, and the positioning rod on the positioning block will correspond to the positioning groove on the locking block, so that the positioning rod is inserted into the positioning groove, which plays an auxiliary positioning role.

[0023] The advantages of this invention are:

[0024] 1. This invention incorporates a defoaming tank, a vacuum pump, an exhaust pipe, a rotating shaft, a motor, a feed hopper, and stirring blades. The motor drives the rotating shaft and stirring blades, and the rotation of the stirring blades continuously agitates the mortar, improving the overall defoaming effect. After defoaming is completed, the mortar in the defoaming tank is extracted by a grouting pump, and then grouting is performed through a grouting pipe. By adopting the above configuration, the amount of air bubbles in the mortar is reduced, thereby reducing the impact of air bubbles on the strength of the mortar after solidification on the surface of the pipe segment after grouting.

[0025] 2. This invention, by setting up a separation cylinder, a guide ring, arc-shaped plates, and separation plates, allows air from the bubble tank to enter the separation cylinder through the groove between the two arc-shaped plates during use, and then be discharged outwards through the exhaust pipe. The guide ring and arc-shaped plates block splashed mortar, thus intercepting it. Some fine mortar flows between the two separation plates with the airflow, and the airflow collides with the separation plates, causing the fine mortar to adhere to them. By relying on the above-mentioned setup, splashed mortar can be blocked, thereby reducing the possibility of mortar being sucked into the exhaust pipe and vacuum pump, and thus reducing the possibility of blockage in the exhaust pipe and damage to the vacuum pump. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the defoaming tank structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the defoaming tank of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separation cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the plate structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bonding plate of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 11. Bearing plate; 12. Defoaming tank; 13. Feed hopper; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Stirring blade; 16. Vacuum pump; 17. Exhaust pipe; 18. Grouting pump; 19. Grouting pipe; 21. First gear; 22. Second gear; 23. Vibrating rod; 24. Eccentric shaft; 31. Separating cylinder; 32. Guide ring; 33. Arc-shaped plate; 34. Separating plate; 41. Magnetic block; 42. Magnetic ring; 43. First scraper; 44. Second scraper; 51. Plate body; 52. Pipe body; 53. Connecting pipe; 54. Grout outlet pipe; 61. Screw; 62. Support frame; 63. Support rod; 64. Support plate; 7. Adhesive plate; 81. Sealing plate; 82. Guide rod; 91. Positioning block; 92. Locking block. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Specific implementation examples are given below.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 As shown, a settlement control method for tunnels includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Install the shield launching bracket and reaction frame, and simultaneously assemble the shield machine and install the tunnel portal seal;

[0038] S2: During shield tunneling, appropriate additives are injected according to the surrounding rock conditions to ensure the fluidity and water-stopping properties of the excavated soil.

[0039] S3: Install plate 51 on the pipe segment on the ground using fasteners, then assemble the pipe segment in the tunnel, install multiple pipe segments one by one, so that multiple pipe bodies 52 correspond to each other to form a ring pipe.

[0040] S4: The mixed mortar is injected into the defoaming tank 12 of the construction equipment. The mortar is continuously stirred by the vacuum pump 16 and the mixing blade 15 of the construction equipment to complete the defoaming. Grouting holes are added to the lower half ring of the construction section, and double-liquid grouting is carried out to reinforce the weak strata and control tunnel settlement.

[0041] S5: During the tunnel boring process, grouting is carried out simultaneously. The defoamed mortar is injected into the pipe body 52 through the grouting pump 18 of the construction equipment. Then the mortar is sprayed out from the pipe body 52 to fill the gap between the soil layer and the pipe segment.

[0042] S6: Depending on the actual situation of the project, if segment leakage or tunnel settlement occurs, secondary or multiple backfill grouting will be carried out in the grouting holes of the segments 5-8 rings behind the shield tail to control delayed settlement and reduce the pressure on tunnel waterproofing.

[0043] S7: Set up monitoring points inside the tunnel to monitor the foundation heave and settlement, tunnel structure clearance convergence, and surface settlement. The monitoring points should be set up to avoid the driving positions of segment trucks and slurry trucks, and should be clearly marked.

[0044] Please see Figure 2-3 As shown, a tunnel construction device is applicable to the aforementioned tunnel settlement control method. The device includes a support plate 11; a pair of support frames are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 11; a defoaming tank 12 is fixedly connected between the pair of support frames; a grouting pump 18 is installed on the side of the defoaming tank 12; a grouting pipe 19 is fixedly connected to the output end of the grouting pump 18; a rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the defoaming tank 12; a motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft 14; the motor is fixedly connected to the support plate 11; a set of stirring blades 15 are fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 14; a vacuum pump 16 is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate 11; an exhaust pipe 17 is fixedly connected to the input end of the vacuum pump 16; the exhaust pipe 17 penetrates and is fixedly connected to the top wall of the defoaming tank 12; a feed hopper 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the defoaming tank 12; and the bottom of the feed hopper 13... The grout tank is equipped with a valve. During grouting, mortar is injected into the defoaming tank 12 from the feed hopper 13. The feed hopper 13 facilitates the injection of mortar. After the mortar is injected, the valve is closed, and the top of the defoaming tank 12 is sealed. The vacuum pump 16 is started, and the vacuum pump 16 extracts air from the defoaming tank 12 through the exhaust pipe 17, making the inside of the defoaming tank 12 a low-pressure state, thereby expelling air bubbles from the mortar and achieving the defoaming effect. Then, the motor is started, and the motor drives the rotating shaft 14 and the stirring blade 15. The rotation of the stirring blade 15 continuously agitates the mortar, improving the overall defoaming effect. After defoaming is completed, the mortar in the defoaming tank 12 is extracted by the grouting pump 18, and then grouting is performed through the grouting pipe 19. With the above setup, the amount of air bubbles in the mortar is reduced, thereby reducing the impact of air bubbles on the strength of the mortar after solidification on the surface of the pipe segment after grouting.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 2-3As shown, a set of vibrating rods 23 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the defoaming tank 12; an eccentric shaft 24 is rotatably connected inside the vibrating rods 23; a first gear 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the eccentric shaft 24; a second gear 22 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 14; the first gear 21 and the second gear 22 mesh with each other; during the rotation of the rotating shaft 14, the rotating shaft 14 will drive the second gear 22 to rotate, and the rotation of the second gear 22 will drive the eccentric shaft 24 to rotate through the first gear 21. During the rotation, the vibrating rods 23 can vibrate by relying on the counterweight of the eccentric shaft 24, thereby vibrating the mortar and stirring it with the mixing blades 15, thereby improving the defoaming effect of the mortar and reducing the amount of air bubbles in the mortar.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, one end of the exhaust pipe 17 located inside the defoaming tank 12 is fixedly connected to a separation cylinder 31; both the top and bottom of the separation cylinder 31 are fixedly connected to guide rings 32; a set of arc-shaped plates 33 are fixedly connected between a pair of guide rings 32; separation plates 34 are fixedly connected to both sides of the arc-shaped plates 33; a set of through grooves are opened on the surface of the separation cylinder 31; the two separation plates 34 between a pair of arc-shaped plates 33 are staggered; during use, the stirring and vibration of the stirring blades 15 will cause some mortar to splash, and the splashed mortar is easily sucked into the exhaust pipe 17 and the vacuum pump 16. With long-term use, this can lead to blockage of the exhaust pipe 17 and damage to the vacuum pump 16. In this embodiment of the invention, during use, the air inside the defoaming tank 12 will... The mortar passes through the groove between the two arc-shaped plates 33 and enters the interior of the separation cylinder 31. It is then discharged outward from the exhaust pipe 17. The guide ring 32 and the arc-shaped plates 33 will block the splashed mortar and play an intercepting role. Some fine mortar will flow between the two separation plates 34 with the airflow. The airflow collides with the separation plates 34, thereby causing the fine mortar to adhere to the separation plates 34. With the above-mentioned arrangement, the splashed mortar can be blocked, thereby reducing the situation where mortar is sucked into the exhaust pipe 17 and the vacuum pump 16, thus reducing the possibility of blockage of the exhaust pipe 17 and damage to the vacuum pump 16. The guide ring 32 has a trapezoidal cross-section design, which facilitates the downward flow of mortar from the surface of the guide ring 32 and reduces the amount of mortar adhering to the guide ring 32.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 3-4As shown, a ring body is fitted onto the surface of a set of arc-shaped plates 33; a set of first scraper rods 43 and second scraper rods 44 are fixedly connected to the inner sidewall of the ring body; a magnetic ring 42 is fixedly connected to the surface of the ring body; a magnetic block 41 is fixedly connected to the surface of the stirring blade 15 located at the top of the rotating shaft 14; a return spring is fixedly connected between the magnetic ring 42 and the guide ring 32; the first scraper rods 43 and the second scraper rods 44 are respectively attached to the surfaces of two separation plates 34 on both sides of the arc-shaped plates 33; during long-term use, a small amount of mortar adheres to the separation plates 34 and the arc-shaped plates 33, and as the mortar solidifies, it accumulates thicker and thicker on the arc-shaped plates 33 and the separation plates 34. In this embodiment, when the stirring blade 15 rotates, it drives the magnetic block 41 to rotate. When the magnetic block 41 rotates to the bottom of the separation cylinder 31, it attracts the magnetic ring 42 to move downward. The magnetic ring 42 drives the ring and the first scraper 43 and the second scraper 44 to move downward. The first scraper 43 and the second scraper 44 scrape off the mortar on the separation plate 34 and the arc plate 33, thereby reducing the accumulation of mortar on the arc plate 33 and the separation plate 34, and thus reducing the blockage between the arc plates caused by the mortar solidification. As the magnetic block 41 and the magnetic ring 42 move away from each other, the return spring is used to drive the ring to return upward.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, the end of the grouting pipe 19 is provided with a grouting assembly; the grouting assembly includes a plate 51; a pipe 52 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the plate 51; one of the pipes 52 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 53; the connecting pipe 53 and the grouting pipe 19 are detachably fixedly connected through a pipe joint; a set of grout outlet pipes 54 are fixedly connected to the side of the pipe 52; in this invention, before grouting, the plate 51 is installed on the pipe segment with bolts, and during the pipe segment splicing process, the pipes 52 on multiple pipe segments are spliced ​​together. Forming a ring, the grouting pipe 19 is then installed and connected to the connecting pipe 53. The mortar is transported from the grouting pipe 19 to the connecting pipe 53, the pipe body 52, and the grout outlet pipe 54, and then sprayed out from the grout outlet pipe 54. By setting multiple grout outlet pipes 54, the mortar is evenly discharged from multiple points on the outside of the pipe segment, which can reduce the pressure of mortar discharge and reduce the distance of mortar flow. This can reduce the contact between the mortar and air after spraying, thereby reducing the situation where the sprayed mortar mixes with air again and generates air bubbles.

[0049] Furthermore, such as Figure 5-6As shown, a screw rod 61 is threadedly connected to the middle of the plate 51; a support frame 62 is rotatably connected to the end of the screw rod 61; a support rod 63 is fixedly connected to the end of the support frame 62 away from the screw rod 61; a support plate 64 is fixedly connected to the end of the support rod 63; before grouting, the screw rod 61 is rotated, and the rotation of the screw rod 61 drives the support frame 62 to move, so that the support plate 64 at the end of the support rod 63 abuts against the soil layer, which can play a supporting role. At the same time, the mortar and the support rod 63 solidify together, the support rod 63 can enhance the strength of the mortar, and the support plate 64 is used to increase the contact area with the soil layer.

[0050] Furthermore, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, the support rod 63 is provided with a bonding plate 7; the support rod 63 passes through the bonding plate 7 and is slidably connected to it; a first spring is fixed between the support frame 62 and the bonding plate 7; the grout outlet pipe 54 passes through the wall of the bonding plate 7 and is fixed to it; the bonding plate 7 is arc-shaped; in use, the bonding plate 7 is bonded to the soil layer. After bonding, the grout outlet pipe 54 is a flexible hose, and mortar is sprayed from the grout outlet pipe 54 into the gap between the bonding plate 7 and the soil layer. During the spraying process of the mortar, it will squeeze the bonding plate. 7. This causes the bonding plate 7 to move towards the pipe segment, while the first spring contracts. During the spraying process, the compression of the bonding plate 7 reduces the splashing of mortar, thereby reducing the amount of air mixed in the mortar. This allows the mortar to slowly fill the gaps. During the filling process, the bonding plate 7 is pushed to move again. The first spring supports the bonding plate 7, and most of the air is located between the bonding plate and the pipe segment, making it difficult for a large amount of air to be mixed into the mortar, thus reducing the generation of air bubbles.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 5-6 As shown, a pair of guide holes are provided on both sides of the bonding plate 7; a guide rod 82 is slidably connected in the guide hole; a sealing plate 81 is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod 82 outside the guide hole; a second spring is fixedly connected between the end of the guide rod 82 away from the sealing plate 81 and the wall of the guide hole; during the grouting process, the two sealing plates 81 are bonded together. As the bonding plate 7 is continuously squeezed towards the pipe segment, the two sealing plates 81 are squeezed, causing the guide rod 82 to slide into the guide hole. The two sealing plates 81 are always blocked in the gap between the two bonding plates 7, thereby sealing the gap between the two bonding plates 7, reducing the amount of mortar flowing from the gap between the two bonding plates 7 into the gap between the bonding plate 7 and the connecting plate, thus reducing the amount of air bubbles mixed in the flowing mortar. At the same time, by sealing the gap between the two bonding plates 7, it is convenient for the mortar to be squeezed inward and the bonding plate 7 to shrink towards the pipe segment.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figure 5-6As shown, a pair of positioning blocks 91 and a locking block 92 are fixedly connected to both ends of the pipe body 52, respectively; a pair of positioning rods are fixedly connected to the side of the positioning block 91 away from the locking block 92; a positioning groove is opened at the corresponding position of the locking block 92 and the positioning rod; in the embodiment of the present invention, during the assembly of pipe segments, when the pipe segments are joined together, the positioning rod on the positioning block 91 will correspond to the positioning groove on the locking block 92, so that the positioning rod is inserted into the positioning groove, which plays an auxiliary positioning role, thereby facilitating the positioning and splicing of multiple pipe bodies 52 and reducing the situation of mortar leakage.

[0053] Working principle: During grouting, mortar is injected into the defoaming tank 12 through the feed hopper 13. The feed hopper 13 facilitates the injection of mortar. After the mortar is injected, the valve is closed to seal the top of the defoaming tank 12. The vacuum pump 16 is started, and the vacuum pump 16 extracts air from the defoaming tank 12 through the exhaust pipe 17, creating a low-pressure environment inside the defoaming tank 12. This allows air bubbles in the mortar to escape, thus achieving the defoaming effect. Then, the motor is started, driving the rotating shaft 14 and the stirring blade 15. The rotation of the stirring blade 15 continuously agitates the mortar, improving the overall defoaming effect. After defoaming is completed, the mortar in the defoaming tank 12 is extracted by the grouting pump 18 and then injected through the grouting pipe 19. Through the above setup, the amount of air bubbles in the mortar is reduced. This reduces the impact of air bubbles on the mortar strength after solidification on the mortar surface after grouting. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 14, the shaft 14 drives the second gear 22 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 22 drives the eccentric shaft 24 to rotate through the first gear 21. During the rotation, the counterweight of the eccentric shaft 24 causes the vibrator 23 to vibrate, thereby vibrating the mortar. Combined with the stirring blade 15 for agitation, this improves the defoaming effect of the mortar and reduces the amount of air bubbles in the mortar. During use, the combination of stirring and vibration by the stirring blade 15 can cause some mortar to splash. The splashed mortar is easily sucked into the exhaust pipe 17 and the vacuum pump 16. With long-term use, this can lead to the exhaust pipe 17 becoming contaminated. In the event of blockage or damage to the vacuum pump 16, in this embodiment of the invention, air from the bubble tank 12 passes through the groove between the two arc-shaped plates 33 and enters the interior of the separation cylinder 31, then exits outward from the exhaust pipe 17. The guide ring 32 and the arc-shaped plates 33 block the splashed mortar, thus intercepting it. Some fine mortar flows with the airflow between the two separation plates 34, colliding with the separation plates 34, causing the fine mortar to adhere to them. This arrangement effectively blocks the splashed mortar, reducing the likelihood of mortar being drawn into the exhaust pipe 17 and vacuum pump 16, thereby reducing the risk of blockage in the exhaust pipe 17 and damage to the vacuum pump 16. The guide ring 32 has a trapezoidal cross-section design. This facilitates the downward flow of mortar from the surface of the guide ring 32, reducing the amount of mortar adhering to the guide ring 32. During prolonged use, a small amount of mortar adheres to the separation plate 34 and the arc-shaped plate 33. As the mortar solidifies, it accumulates thickly on the arc-shaped plate 33 and the separation plate 34. In this embodiment, during use, the rotation of the stirring blade 15 drives the magnetic block 41 to rotate. When the magnetic block 41 rotates to the bottom of the separation cylinder 31, it attracts the magnetic ring 42 to move downwards. The magnetic ring 42 drives the ring and the first scraper 43 and the second scraper 44 to move downwards, scraping away the mortar on the separation plate 34 and the arc-shaped plate 33, thereby reducing the accumulation of mortar on the arc-shaped plate 33 and the separation plate 34.This reduces the likelihood of mortar solidification causing blockage between the arc-shaped plates. As the magnetic block 41 and magnetic ring 42 move away from each other, the return spring drives the ring body upwards to reset. In this invention, before grouting, the plate body 51 is bolted onto the pipe segment. During the pipe segment splicing process, multiple pipe bodies 52 on the pipe segments are spliced ​​into a ring. Then, the grouting pipe 19 is installed and connected to the connecting pipe 53. Mortar is transported from the grouting pipe 19 to the connecting pipe 53, pipe body 52, and grout outlet pipe 54, and then sprayed out from the grout outlet pipe 54. By setting multiple grout outlet pipes 54, grout is evenly discharged from multiple points on the outside of the pipe segment, thereby reducing the mortar discharge pressure and the mortar flow distance. This reduces the contact between the sprayed mortar and air, thus reducing the likelihood of air bubbles being generated again. Before grouting, the screw 61 is rotated, which moves the support frame 62, causing the support plate 64 at the end of the support rod 63 to press against the soil layer, providing support. Simultaneously, the mortar and support rod 63 solidify together, enhancing the strength of the mortar. The support plate 64 increases the contact area with the soil layer. During use, the bonding plate 7 is bonded to the soil layer. After bonding, the grout outlet pipe 54 is a flexible hose, from which mortar is sprayed into the gap between the bonding plate 7 and the soil layer. During the mortar spraying process, it compresses the bonding plate 7, causing it to press against the pipe segment. The direction is moved while the first spring contracts. During the spraying process, the pressing of the bonding plate 7 reduces the splashing of mortar, thereby reducing the amount of air mixed in the mortar and allowing the mortar to slowly fill the gaps. During the filling process, the bonding plate 7 is pushed to move. The first spring is used to support the bonding plate 7. At the same time, most of the air is located between the bonding plate and the pipe segment, making it difficult for a large amount of air to be mixed into the mortar, thus reducing the generation of air bubbles. During the grouting process, the two sealing plates 81 are bonded together. As the bonding plate 7 is continuously pressed towards the pipe segment, the two sealing plates 81 are compressed, causing the guide rod 82 to slide into the guide hole. The two sealing plates 81 always block the two The gaps between the two bonding plates 7 are sealed to reduce the amount of mortar flowing from the gaps between the two bonding plates 7 into the gap between the bonding plate 7 and the connecting plate. This reduces the amount of air bubbles mixed in with the flowing mortar. Simultaneously, by sealing the gaps between the two bonding plates 7, the mortar can be squeezed inwards towards the bonding plates 7, causing them to shrink towards the pipe segment. During the pipe segment assembly process, when the pipe segments are joined, the positioning rod on the positioning block 91 aligns with the positioning groove on the clamping block 92, allowing the positioning rod to insert into the positioning groove, thus assisting in positioning. This facilitates the positioning and splicing of multiple pipe bodies 52 and reduces mortar leakage.

[0054] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling tunnel settlement, characterized in that: The settlement control method includes the following steps: S1: Install the shield launching bracket and reaction frame, and simultaneously assemble the shield machine and install the tunnel portal seal; S2: During shield tunneling, appropriate additives are injected according to the surrounding rock conditions to ensure the fluidity and water-stopping properties of the excavated soil. S3: Install the plate (51) on the pipe segment on the ground using fasteners, then assemble the pipe segment in the tunnel, install multiple pipe segments one by one, so that multiple pipe bodies (52) correspond to each other to form a ring pipe. S4: The mixed mortar is injected into the defoaming tank (12) of the construction equipment. The mortar is continuously stirred by the vacuum pump (16) and stirring blade (15) of the construction equipment to complete the defoaming of the mortar. Grouting holes are added to the lower half ring of the construction section and double liquid grouting is carried out to reinforce the weak strata and control the tunnel settlement. S5: During the tunnel boring process, grouting is carried out simultaneously. The defoamed mortar is injected into the pipe body (52) through the grouting pump (18) of the construction equipment. Then the mortar is sprayed out from the pipe body (52) to fill the gap between the soil layer and the pipe segment. S6: Depending on the actual situation of the project, if segment leakage or tunnel settlement occurs, secondary or multiple backfill grouting will be carried out in the grouting holes of the segments 5-8 rings behind the shield tail to control delayed settlement and reduce the pressure on tunnel waterproofing. S7: Set up monitoring points inside the tunnel to monitor the foundation heave and settlement, tunnel structure clearance convergence, and surface settlement. The monitoring points should be set up to avoid the driving positions of segment trucks and mud trucks, and should be clearly marked. The construction device includes a support plate (11); a pair of support frames are fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (11); a defoaming tank (12) is fixedly connected between the pair of support frames; a grouting pump (18) is installed on the side of the defoaming tank (12); a grouting pipe (19) is fixedly connected to the output end of the grouting pump (18); a rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the defoaming tank (12); a motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the rotating shaft (14); the motor is fixedly connected to the support plate (11); a set of stirring blades (15) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (14); a vacuum pump (16) is fixedly connected to the side of the support plate (11); an exhaust pipe (17) is fixedly connected to the input end of the vacuum pump (16); the exhaust pipe (17) penetrates the top wall of the defoaming tank (12) and is fixedly connected to it; a feed hopper (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the defoaming tank (12); a valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed hopper (13); A set of vibrating rods (23) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the defoaming tank (12); an eccentric shaft (24) is rotatably connected inside the vibrating rods (23); a first gear (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the eccentric shaft (24); a second gear (22) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (14); the first gear (21) and the second gear (22) mesh with each other; The exhaust pipe (17) is fixedly connected to a separator (31) at one end inside the defoaming tank (12); a guide ring (32) is fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the separator (31); a set of arc-shaped plates (33) is fixedly connected between a pair of guide rings (32); a separator (34) is fixedly connected to both sides of the arc-shaped plates (33); a set of through grooves is opened on the surface of the separator (31); A ring body is fitted on the surface of a set of arc-shaped plates (33); a set of first scraper rods (43) and second scraper rods (44) are fixed to the inner side wall of the ring body; a magnetic ring (42) is fixed to the surface of the ring body; a magnetic block (41) is fixed to the surface of the stirring blade (15) located at the top of the rotating shaft (14); a return spring is fixed between the magnetic ring (42) and the guide ring (32); The grouting pipe (19) is provided with a grouting assembly at its end; the grouting assembly includes a plate (51); a pipe (52) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the plate (51); a connecting pipe (53) is fixedly connected to one of the pipes (52); the connecting pipe (53) and the grouting pipe (19) are detachably fixedly connected through a pipe joint; a set of grout outlet pipes (54) is fixedly connected to the side of the pipe (52).

2. A tunnel construction device, characterized in that: The construction device is applicable to the settlement control method of a tunnel as described in claim 1. The middle part of the plate (51) is connected to a screw (61) by a thread; the end of the screw (61) is rotatably connected to a support frame (62); the end of the support frame (62) away from the screw (61) is fixedly connected to a support rod (63); the end of the support rod (63) is fixedly connected to a support plate (64).

3. The tunnel construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support rod (63) is provided with a bonding plate (7); the support rod (63) passes through the bonding plate (7) and is slidably connected to it; a first spring is fixed between the support frame (62) and the bonding plate (7); the slurry outlet pipe (54) passes through the wall of the bonding plate (7) and is fixedly connected to it.

4. The tunnel construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pair of guide holes are provided on both sides of the bonding plate (7); a guide rod (82) is slidably connected in the guide hole; a sealing plate (81) is fixedly connected to one end of the guide rod (82) outside the guide hole; a second spring is fixedly connected between the end of the guide rod (82) away from the sealing plate (81) and the wall of the guide hole.

5. A tunnel construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pair of positioning blocks (91) and a locking block (92) are fixedly connected to both ends of the tube body (52); a pair of positioning rods are fixedly connected to the side of the positioning block (91) away from the locking block (92); a positioning groove is provided at the corresponding position of the locking block (92) and the positioning rod.

Images