A Key Parameter Design Method for a Satellite Communication Receiving System Based on a Phased Array Antenna

Abstract

This invention provides a key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna. The method includes: dividing the phased array antenna-based satellite communication receiving system into functional units to determine key design parameters; determining the target carrier-to-noise ratio of the receiving system; and, based on actual application conditions or traditional design methods, pre-setting some key parameters as a design basis to determine other key parameters. By dividing the phased array antenna-based satellite communication receiving system into functional units, identifying the core design of the receiving link and the key design parameters of each functional unit, and rationally allocating the key parameter indicators of each functional unit, this method bridges the key gap between system link budget and engineering design implementation, resolving the tight coupling problem between the two. It improves the overall cost-effectiveness of engineering design implementation in terms of performance, cost, power consumption, and size, and serves as a guide for the design and implementation of a phased array antenna-based satellite communication receiving system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of satellite communication technology, and specifically relates to a design method for key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, satellite communication is of great significance for connecting inter-satellite links and satellite-to-ground links, forming an integrated space-ground information network. Phased array antennas, with their flexible beamforming capabilities, are increasingly widely used in integrated space-ground information networks. In the design and demonstration process of a wireless receiving system, the link budget is first completed based on EIRP (equivalent isotropically radiated power), demodulation system, communication distance, and rain attenuation conditions to obtain the G / T value (Ground Station Performance Index) that meets the link margin requirements. This value serves as the basis for determining whether the receiving system meets the mission requirements. However, in actual engineering implementation, the functional units of a phased array antenna-based satellite wireless receiving and communication system often design key indicators based on experience or from the perspective of their own unit or profession, failing to comprehensively consider factors such as performance, cost, power consumption, and size to achieve optimal design from a system-wide perspective. This lack of effective decoupling between system design and functional unit design leads to over-design or under-design, resulting in a significant waste of design resources and posing potential risks to the final realization of system performance indicators. For a phased array antenna with thousands of R-components, excessively high gain of the R-components or excessively low noise figure of the communication receiver can lead to a sharp increase in cost and power consumption, and also reduce the out-of-band rejection characteristics of the communication receiver. Therefore, how to rationally allocate the key indicators of each functional unit and determine the design requirements of key indicators while meeting system specifications has become an urgent problem to be solved in the engineering design process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, a key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna is proposed. This method divides the receiving system into functional parts, rationally allocates key indicators for each functional unit, and determines the key indicator design requirements for each functional unit, while ensuring that the system link budget meets the design requirements. This solves the problem of tight coupling between system design and functional unit design during engineering implementation, and achieves the optimal system design based on performance, cost, power consumption, and volume.

[0004] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0005] Firstly, a method for designing key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna includes:

[0006] The satellite communication receiving system based on phased array antennas is divided into phased array antenna array, phased array antenna R-assembly, radio frequency cable network and communication receiver. Key design parameters are determined and some key parameters are preset.

[0007] Based on the signal demodulation scheme involved in the system link budget, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the receiving system is determined. After adding the link margin, the target CNR C / N0 of the receiving system is obtained. 目标 ;

[0008] Based on the system link budget results, obtain the signal level C1 of the phased array antenna array, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio C1 / N01 of the phased array antenna array, and compare it with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0. 目标 The difference is used as the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface;

[0009] The gain of the R component of the phased array antenna is determined based on the tolerance of the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver.

[0010] The gain of the communication receiver is determined based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna surface in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver.

[0011] Secondly, a key parameter design device for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna is provided for:

[0012] The satellite communication receiving system based on phased array antennas is divided into phased array antenna array, phased array antenna R-assembly, radio frequency cable network and communication receiver. Key design parameters are determined and some key parameters are preset.

[0013] Based on the signal demodulation scheme involved in the system link budget, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the receiving system is determined. After adding the link margin, the target CNR C / N0 of the receiving system is obtained. 目标 ;

[0014] Based on the system link budget results, obtain the signal level C1 of the phased array antenna array, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio C1 / N01 of the phased array antenna array, and compare it with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0. 目标 The difference is used as the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface;

[0015] The gain of the R component of the phased array antenna is determined based on the tolerance of the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver.

[0016] The gain of the communication receiver is determined based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna surface in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver.

[0017] Thirdly, a key parameter design device for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna, comprising one or more processors;

[0018] Storage device for storing one or more programs.

[0019] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0020] Fourthly, a readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0021] The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) According to the key parameter design method of satellite communication receiving system based on phased array antenna provided by the present invention, the receiving system is functionally divided, and the key indicators of each functional unit are reasonably allocated and the key indicator design requirements of each functional unit are determined when the system link budget meets the design requirements. This solves the problem of tight coupling between system design and functional unit design in the engineering implementation process and completes the optimal system design based on performance, cost, power consumption and volume.

[0023] (2) The present invention provides a key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna. The input information is the system link budget result. The key parameters of each functional unit are obtained by the method of the present invention, which can directly guide the engineering design and close the loop of the system design. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna, according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This document presents the key performance indicators and functional block diagrams for each functional unit in a phased array antenna-based satellite communication receiving system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more apparent from the following detailed description.

[0027] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0028] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for designing key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna is provided, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S1: Divide the satellite communication receiving system based on the phased array antenna into phased array antenna array 1, phased array antenna R component 2, radio frequency cable network 3 and communication receiver 4, and determine the key design parameters.

[0030] In this step, the key design parameters for the phased array antenna array 1, the phased array antenna R component 2, the RF cable network 3, and the communication receiver 4 are respectively the passive gain of the phased array antenna array, the gain and noise figure of the phased array antenna R component, the insertion loss and noise figure of the RF cable network, and the RF channel gain and noise figure of the communication receiver. (See...) Figure 2 .

[0031] Step S2: Based on the signal demodulation scheme involved in the system link budget, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N) of the receiving system, and obtain the target C / N ratio of the receiving system after adding some link margin (e.g., 3dB). 目标 .

[0032] Step S3: Based on the actual application or traditional design methods, pre-set some key parameters as the design basis; specifically, determine the insertion loss and noise figure of the RF cable network according to the actual application, and agree on the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component and the noise figure of the communication receiver according to traditional design methods.

[0033] Given that the RF channels of the onboard receivers all use aerospace-grade circuits, some components have compromises in insertion loss and noise figure. According to conventional design, the noise figure of the communication receiver is set to 6dB. The RF cable network is used to connect the external phased array antenna and the internal communication receiver of the satellite cabin. It is generally 3-5 meters long, with an insertion loss of about 8dB in the Ka band and a noise figure of 0.8dB. The noise figure of the R component of the phased array antenna is set to 4dB.

[0034] Step S4: Obtain the signal level C1 of the phased array antenna array based on the system link budget result, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio C1 / N01 of the phased array antenna array, and compare it with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0. 目标 The difference is used as the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface.

[0035] Based on the passive gain of the phased array antenna, the voltage level C2 and noise power N02 at the output of the phased array antenna to the input of the R component of the phased array antenna can be determined:

[0036] The voltage level C2 at the input of the phased array antenna R component equals the voltage level C1 of the phased array antenna surface plus the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface.

[0037] The noise power N02 at the input of the phased array antenna R component is equal to the noise power N01 of the phased array antenna array surface plus the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component (the antenna R component is equivalent to a noise-free network).

[0038] Considering the subsequently determined gain of the phased array antenna R component and the RF channel gain of the communication receiver, the output level and noise power of the phased array antenna R component and the input level of the communication receiver can also be obtained:

[0039] The output level C2' of the phased array antenna R component is equal to the input level C2 of the phased array antenna R component plus the gain of the phased array antenna R component. The noise power N02' at the output of the phased array antenna R component is equal to the input noise power N02 of the phased array antenna R component plus the gain of the phased array antenna R component.

[0040] The input noise level C3 of the communication receiver equals the output noise level C2' of the phased array antenna R component minus the insertion loss of the RF cable network. The input noise power N03 of the communication receiver equals the output noise power N02' of the phased array antenna R component minus the insertion loss of the RF cable network plus the equivalent input noise power KTe of the communication receiver (the communication receiver is equivalent to a noise-free network). Since the communication receiver is equivalent to a noise-free network, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) at the communication receiver input is the same as the CNR at the communication receiver output.

[0041] The above process yields the actual carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 of the satellite receiving system. 实际 (Consistent with the carrier-to-noise ratio at the communication receiver input), its ratio with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 目标 The difference is the actual link margin of the satellite receiving system, which serves as the basis for optimizing key parameters (including preset parameters).

[0042] Step S5: Determine the gain of the phased array antenna R component based on the tolerance of the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver.

[0043] Specifically, the gain of the phased array antenna R component is determined as follows: the degradation of the carrier-to-noise ratio is... Where G is the gain of the noise power N02' at the output of the phased array antenna R component relative to the equivalent input noise power KTe of the back-end communication receiver; the gain of the phased array antenna R component = G + the noise figure of the communication receiver.

[0044] According to calculations, when the noise power N02' at the output of the phased array antenna R component differs from the equivalent noise power KTe at the input of the downstream communication receiver by 10dB (G=10dB), the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation is 0.41dB. Given that the noise figure of the communication receiver is 6dB, the gain of the phased array antenna R component is tentatively set at 16dB.

[0045] One of the important functions of the gain of the phased array antenna R component is to amplify the noise power N02 at the input, so that its output noise power N02' is much higher than the equivalent input noise power KTe of the back-end communication receiver, thereby reducing the degradation of the carrier-to-noise ratio caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver after the two are superimposed.

[0046] Step S6: Based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna array in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver (including the passive gain of the phased array antenna array, the gain of the phased array antenna R component, and the insertion loss of the RF cable network), determine the RF channel gain of the communication receiver to ensure that the signal level reaching the AD converter input meets the requirements.

[0047] The RF channel gain of the communication receiver is determined by the following formula:

[0048] The gain of the communication receiver RF channel = AD converter input level requirement - phased array antenna array level C1 - phased array antenna array passive gain - phased array antenna R component gain + RF cable network insertion loss.

[0049] The traditional goal of communication receiver gain design is to amplify the signal to meet the input level requirements of the A / D converter, based on the receiver's theoretical receiving sensitivity. However, in satellite wireless receiving systems based on phased array antennas, the increased gain in the pre-stage amplifies both noise and signal levels. Therefore, even while maintaining a carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0), the receiver's input level often exceeds its theoretical receiving sensitivity. Continuing with traditional design methods inevitably leads to excessive receiver gain, resulting in over-design. This invention provides a more rational receiver gain design, effectively reducing circuit complexity and cost.

[0050] At this point, the key parameters of the four components of the receiving system have been preliminarily determined. The link margin can be obtained by calculating the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 step by step, and the preset parameters can be adjusted if necessary.

[0051] This invention reduces the core design problem of a phased array antenna satellite communication receiving system to solving the problem of meeting the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) requirement. Given a fixed signal source EIRP, among the four components of the receiving system, only the passive gain of the phased array antenna can improve the C / N0 by increasing the level C. The other three components suffer from increased noise power N0 due to the noise figure, which leads to a deterioration of the C / N0.

[0052] The methods for adjusting preset key parameters are explained below.

[0053] Step S7: Except for the phased array antenna array 1, the phased array antenna R component 2, RF cable network 3, and communication receiver 4 are all equivalent to noise-free networks. Based on the noise-free network, the changes in the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 between the front and rear stages of the phased array antenna array 1, phased array antenna R component 2, RF cable network 3, and communication receiver 4 are determined, and the actual carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 of the receiving system is obtained. 实际 The target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 目标 Perform a review to obtain the actual link margin. If the actual link margin does not meet the requirements, prioritize increasing the passive gain of the phased array antenna or reducing the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component.

[0054] Increasing the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) to increase the system link margin is most effective and relatively inexpensive, achieved by increasing the passive gain of the phased array antenna array or reducing the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component. Other methods, such as increasing the gain of the phased array antenna R component, increasing the gain of the communication receiver, or reducing the noise figure of the communication receiver, have little effect and are more costly. This can be used as a basis for designing and optimizing key parameters.

[0055] The steps to equate the phased array antenna R-assembly, the RF cable network, and the communication receiver to a noise-free network are as follows:

[0056] Besides the phased array antenna array, the phased array antenna R component, RF connection network, and communication receiver are abstracted as a port noise network with input noise power of KTaB, noise factor of F, and gain of G. This port noise network is further abstracted into a noise-free network with equivalent input noise power of KTeB, gain of G, and noise factor of 1. When the microwave signal passes through this noise-free network, both the level C and noise power N0 are amplified proportionally by the gain G, while the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 remains unchanged. This equivalent model simplifies the design process of key parameters in the receiving system and quantifies the impact of each functional unit on the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0.

[0057] The steps for determining the changes in the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) between the phased array antenna array 1, phased array antenna R component 2, RF cable network 3, and communication receiver 4 before and after the noise-free network are as follows:

[0058] The phased array antenna R component, RF cable network, and communication receiver are all abstracted as a noise-free network. Its input noise power is a linear superposition of the equivalent input noise power KTeB, which is only related to its own characteristics, and the noise power from the previous stage input to that input. Its degradation of the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 is only related to the relative relationship between its equivalent input noise power level KTeB and the noise power from the previous stage input to its input. Assuming the noise power from the previous stage input to this stage's input is N1 (dBm), the equivalent input noise power of this stage is N2 (dBm), and N1-N2 is the gain G, then the increase in noise power is... That is, the amount of degradation of C / N0 when the radio frequency signal passes through the noiseless network.

[0059] Step S8: Taking into account system link margin, cost, power consumption, and size, optimize the above key parameters to complete the design of key parameters for the satellite communication receiving system based on the phased array antenna. Preferably, if further optimization of the receiving system's cost, power consumption, and size is required, prioritize reducing the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component, or increase the noise figure of the communication receiver to optimize the preset key parameters.

[0060] The power consumption, size, and cost of the receiving system are most sensitive to the gain of the phased array antenna R-module, the gain of the communication receiver, and the noise figure. The gain design of the phased array antenna R-module aims to reduce the degradation of the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver, while the gain design of the communication receiver aims to meet the AD acquisition level. Since the gain of the pre-stage increases the noise power, the contribution of the communication receiver noise figure to the C / N0 is minimal, and conventional design can be implemented. This can be used as a basis for optimizing the design of key parameters.

[0061] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a device for designing key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna is provided, for:

[0062] The satellite communication receiving system based on phased array antennas is divided into phased array antenna array, phased array antenna R-assembly, radio frequency cable network and communication receiver, and key design parameters are determined.

[0063] Based on the signal demodulation scheme involved in the system link budget, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the receiving system is determined. After adding the link margin, the target CNR C / N0 of the receiving system is obtained. 目标 ;

[0064] Based on actual application conditions or traditional design methods, some key parameters are pre-set as the design basis;

[0065] Based on the system link budget results, obtain the signal level C1 of the phased array antenna array, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio C1 / N01 of the phased array antenna array, and compare it with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0. 目标The difference is used as the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface;

[0066] The gain of the R component of the phased array antenna is determined based on the tolerance of the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver.

[0067] The gain of the communication receiver is determined based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna surface in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver.

[0068] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a device for designing key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna is provided, comprising one or more processors;

[0069] Storage device for storing one or more programs.

[0070] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0071] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna as described in the first aspect.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, equipment, and readable storage media described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] The apparatus, device, and readable storage medium technical solutions of this application, in essence, or in terms of their contribution to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will recognize that, in one or more of the examples above, the functions described in this invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0075] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0076] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for designing key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The satellite communication receiving system based on phased array antennas is divided into phased array antenna array, phased array antenna R-assembly, radio frequency cable network and communication receiver. Key design parameters are determined and some key parameters are preset. The preset key parameters include: insertion loss and noise figure of RF cable network, noise figure of phased array antenna R component, and noise figure of communication receiver. Based on the signal demodulation scheme involved in the system link budget, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the receiving system is determined. After adding the link margin, the target CNR C / N0 of the receiving system is obtained. 目标 ; Based on the system link budget results, obtain the signal level C1 of the phased array antenna array, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio C1 / N01 of the phased array antenna array, and compare it with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0. 目标 The difference is used as the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface; The gain of the R component of the phased array antenna is determined based on the tolerance of the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver. The gain of the communication receiver is determined based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna surface in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver.

2. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key design parameters for the phased array antenna array, the phased array antenna R component, the RF cable network, and the communication receiver are the passive gain of the phased array antenna array, the gain and noise figure of the phased array antenna R component, the insertion loss and noise figure of the RF cable network, and the gain and noise figure of the RF channel of the communication receiver.

3. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of determining the gain of the phased array antenna R component based on the tolerance of carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver, the gain of the phased array antenna R component is determined in the following way: The gain of the phased array antenna R component is calculated as: G + noise figure of the communication receiver, where G is the gain of the noise power N02' at the output of the phased array antenna R component relative to the equivalent input noise power of the downstream communication receiver, expressed as a degradation in the carrier-to-noise ratio. Obtained by reverse calculation.

4. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of determining the gain of the communication receiver based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna array in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver, the RF channel gain of the communication receiver = AD converter input level requirement - level C1 of the phased array antenna array - passive gain of the phased array antenna array - gain of the R component of the phased array antenna + insertion loss of the RF cable network.

5. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, This method also includes optimizing preset key parameters based on actual link margins, specifically: The phased array antenna R-assembly, RF cable network, and communication receiver are all treated as noise-free networks. Based on this noise-free network model, the changes in the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) between the phased array antenna array, the phased array antenna R-assembly, the RF cable network, and the communication receiver are determined, thus obtaining the actual carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) of the receiving system. 实际 The target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 目标 Perform a review to obtain the actual link margin. If the actual link margin does not meet the requirements, prioritize increasing the passive gain of the phased array antenna or reducing the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component.

6. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of converting the phased array antenna R component, the radio frequency cable network, and the communication receiver into an equivalent noise-free network includes: The phased array antenna R component, RF cable network, and communication receiver are abstracted as a port noise network with an input noise power of KTaB, a noise factor of F, and a gain of G. The above port noise network is further abstracted as a noise-free network with an equivalent input noise power of KTeB, a gain of G, and a noise factor of 1. When the microwave signal passes through this noise-free network, the level C and noise power N0 are both amplified proportionally by the gain G, while the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 remains unchanged.

7. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The steps for determining the changes in the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) between the phased array antenna array, the phased array antenna R-assembly, the RF cable network, and the communication receiver include: The phased array antenna R component, RF cable network, and communication receiver are all abstracted as a noise-free network. Its input noise power is the linear superposition of the equivalent input noise power KTeB and the noise power input from the previous stage to that input. Its degradation of the carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0 is related to the relative relationship between the equivalent input noise power level KTeB and the noise power input from the previous stage to its input. Assuming the noise power input from the previous stage to this stage's input is N1, the equivalent input noise power of this stage is N2, and N1-N2 is the gain G, then the increase in noise power is... This refers to the amount of degradation in the carrier-to-noise ratio (C / N0) when the radio frequency signal passes through the noiseless network.

8. The key parameter design method for a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes optimizing preset key parameters based on the cost, power consumption, and size requirements of the receiving system. Specifically, the preset key parameters are optimized by reducing the noise figure of the phased array antenna R component or increasing the noise figure of the communication receiver.

9. A device for designing key parameters of a satellite communication receiving system based on a phased array antenna, characterized in that, Used for: The satellite communication receiving system based on phased array antennas is divided into phased array antenna array, phased array antenna R-assembly, radio frequency cable network and communication receiver. Key design parameters are determined and some key parameters are preset. The preset key parameters include: insertion loss and noise figure of RF cable network, noise figure of phased array antenna R component, and noise figure of communication receiver. Based on the signal demodulation scheme involved in the system link budget, the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the receiving system is determined. After adding the link margin, the target CNR C / N0 of the receiving system is obtained. 目标 ; Based on the system link budget results, obtain the signal level C1 of the phased array antenna array, determine the carrier-to-noise ratio C1 / N01 of the phased array antenna array, and compare it with the target carrier-to-noise ratio C / N0. 目标 The difference is used as the passive gain of the phased array antenna surface; The gain of the R component of the phased array antenna is determined based on the tolerance of the carrier-to-noise ratio degradation caused by the noise figure of the communication receiver. The gain of the communication receiver is determined based on the signal level C1 reaching the phased array antenna surface in the link budget, the input level requirement of the AD converter in the communication receiver, and the gain and insertion loss of each unit in the front stage of the communication receiver.

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