Engine locking bolt drilling processing positioning tool

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an engine locking bolt drilling machining positioning tool, which comprises a table body, a placing plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the table body, and a drilling mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the placing plate; a mounting groove is vertically and symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the table body, a sliding groove is horizontally arranged in the bottom wall of the mounting groove, a sliding plate is slidably arranged in the sliding groove, a first spring rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding plate, a first positioning block and a second positioning block are fixedly installed on the ends of the two first spring rods which are close to each other, a socket for inserting the second positioning block is arranged on the surface of the first positioning block, and the two sliding plates are controlled to relatively move through a transmission assembly. Through cooperation between the drilling mechanism and the transmission assembly, the positioning and de-positioning of the locking bolt are automatically completed, the degree of automation is high, the labor burden of workers is reduced, and the machining efficiency of the locking bolt drilling is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts. Background Technology

[0002] Connecting rods, as the main force transmission components, are widely used in various types of locomotives and are one of the important transmission mechanisms inside the engine. They are usually composed of parts such as connecting rod body, connecting rod cap, connecting rod bearing and locking bolt. The locking bolt needs to be drilled during the production process. In order to prevent the locking bolt from shifting during the processing, it is necessary to fix the locking bolt with positioning fixture.

[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN212977503U discloses a positioning and clamping fixture for machining drilled bolts, including a fixture body and positioning and clamping units and sliding units respectively arranged on both sides of the fixture body, which can achieve automatic centering, drilling in one go, and high yield.

[0004] The positioning and unpositioning of the locking bolts both require manual operation. The device cannot automatically position and unposition the locking bolts, resulting in a low level of automation, which increases the workload of the workers and reduces the processing efficiency of drilling the locking bolts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the following shortcomings in the prior art: the device cannot automatically position and release the locking bolt, the degree of automation is low, it increases the labor burden of workers, and it reduces the processing efficiency of drilling locking bolts. Therefore, this invention proposes a positioning tool for drilling locking bolts in engines.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts includes a platform, an L-shaped mounting plate fixedly installed on the upper surface of the platform, and a drilling mechanism fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate.

[0008] The platform body has vertically symmetrically formed mounting grooves on its upper surface. The bottom wall of the mounting groove has a horizontally formed sliding groove. A sliding plate is slidably arranged in the sliding groove. A first spring rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding plate. A V-shaped first positioning block and a second positioning block are fixedly installed at the ends of the two first spring rods that are close to each other. The surface of the first positioning block has a socket for the second positioning block to be inserted. The two sliding plates are controlled to move relative to each other by a transmission component.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the drilling mechanism includes a lifting cylinder fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate, a drive motor fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder, and a drill bit fixedly mounted on the end of the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission assembly includes two horizontally rotatable rods mounted in two mounting slots, two pairs of gears fixedly sleeved on the two rods, and four rack rods meshing with multiple gears. A T-shaped mounting plate is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder. Two of the rack rods are symmetrically and vertically fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate, and one end of the other two rack rods is fixedly connected to the surface of two sliding plates. The groove wall has multiple slots for multiple rack rods to pass through.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the first positioning block has a plurality of mounting openings vertically formed therein, and a locking component is provided in the mounting opening. The locking component is used to lock the first positioning block and the second positioning block.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the locking assembly includes a rod that is vertically slidably inserted into the mounting port, a fixing block fixedly installed at the top of the rod, a telescopic spring sleeved on the rod, and a second spring rod fixedly installed at the bottom of the rod. The two ends of the telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first positioning block and the lower surface of the fixing block. The upper surface of the second positioning block is vertically provided with a locking groove for the bottom end of the second spring rod to be inserted.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a backing plate is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the drive motor housing via a connecting rod, and the backing plate is used to press against the fixing block.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, a baffle is vertically and slidably disposed within the locking groove, and multiple third spring rods are vertically and fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the locking groove, with the top ends of the third spring rods fixedly connected to the lower surface of the baffle.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. First, place the locking bolt to be drilled vertically on the platform and position it between the first positioning block and the second positioning block. Then, with the cooperation of the drilling mechanism and the transmission assembly, when the drill bit moves down, the first positioning block and the second positioning block will move closer to each other and position the locking bolt, thus completing the centering. When the drill bit moves up, the first positioning block and the second positioning block will move away from each other, thereby releasing the positioning of the locking bolt. It is convenient and quick. The positioning and release of the locking bolt are completed automatically, with a high degree of automation, which reduces the workload of the workers and improves the processing efficiency of drilling locking bolts.

[0017] 2. When the drill bit moves down, the first positioning block and the second positioning block approach each other and position the locking bolt. At this time, with the cooperation between the locking component and the abutment plate, the first positioning block and the second positioning block will be locked. This can prevent the locking bolt located between them from moving laterally due to the force of the drill bit rotation during the drilling process, which would cause the positioning of the locking bolt by the first positioning block and the second positioning block to be released, thus improving the stability of the locking bolt drilling process.

[0018] 3. When the first and second positioning blocks are locked, the baffle in the locking groove will move downward under the pressure. During the drilling process, the waste chips that enter the locking groove will accumulate on the upper surface of the baffle. When the drill bit moves up and the locking of the first and second positioning blocks is released, the baffle will quickly move upward and reset under the elastic potential energy of the third spring rod, thereby pushing the waste chips in the locking groove out of the locking groove. No manual cleaning is required, which avoids the accumulation of waste chips from affecting the insertion of the end of the second spring rod into the locking groove. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front three-dimensional structural diagram of a positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts proposed in this invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts proposed in this invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a partial top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first and second positioning blocks in a positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point D;

[0027] Figure 9 for Figure 4Enlarged structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Body, 2. Mounting plate, 3. Mounting slot, 4. Slide groove, 5. Slide plate, 6. First spring rod, 7. First positioning block, 8. Second positioning block, 9. Socket, 10. Lifting cylinder, 11. Drive motor, 12. Drill bit, 13. Rotating rod, 14. Gear, 15. Rack rod, 16. Mounting plate, 17. Slot, 18. Insert rod, 19. Fixing block, 20. Telescopic spring, 21. Second spring rod, 22. Locking slot, 23. Support plate, 24. Baffle, 25. Third spring rod, 26. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figures 1-9 A positioning fixture for drilling engine locking bolts includes a platform 1, an L-shaped mounting plate 2 fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the platform 1, and a drilling mechanism fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate 2. The drilling mechanism includes a lifting cylinder 10 fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate 2, a drive motor 11 fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder 10, and a drill bit 12 fixedly mounted on the end of the output shaft of the drive motor 11.

[0031] The upper surface of the platform 1 is vertically and symmetrically provided with mounting grooves 3. The bottom wall of the mounting groove 3 is horizontally provided with a sliding groove 4. A sliding plate 5 is slidably arranged in the sliding groove 4. A first spring rod 6 is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding plate 5. A V-shaped first positioning block 7 and a second positioning block 8 are fixedly installed at the ends of the two first spring rods 6 that are close to each other. The surface of the first positioning block 7 is provided with a socket 9 for the second positioning block 8 to be inserted. The two sliding plates 5 are controlled to move relative to each other by a transmission component.

[0032] The transmission assembly includes two rotating rods 13 that are horizontally rotatably installed in two mounting slots 3, two pairs of gears 14 that are fixedly sleeved on the two rotating rods 13, and four rack rods 15 that are meshed with multiple gears 14. A T-shaped mounting plate 16 is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder 10. Two rack rods 15 are symmetrically and vertically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate 16, and one end of the other two rack rods 15 is fixedly connected to the surface of two sliding plates 5. The groove wall of the slide 4 has multiple slots 17 for multiple rack rods 15 to pass through.

[0033] First, place the locking bolt to be drilled vertically on the upper surface of the platform 1, between the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8. Then, start the lifting cylinder 10. As the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder 10 moves downward along with the drive motor 11 and the drill bit 12, the mounting plate 16 will also move downward. Consequently, the two rack rods 15 fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate 16 will also move downward. At this time, the two gears 14 that are respectively meshed with the two rack rods 15 will rotate relative to each other with the two rotating rods 13. Then, the other two rack rods that are respectively fixedly connected to the two sliding plates 5 will also rotate downward. 15 will move closer to each other in the horizontal direction under the transmission action of the two gears 14 that are respectively fixedly sleeved on the two rotating rods 13. The first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 will move closer to each other at this time. During this process, the second positioning block 8 will enter the socket 9 and push the locking bolt located between them to move directly below the drill bit 12 to perform centering work. The second positioning block 8 and the first positioning block 7 will both contact the locking bolt until the second positioning block 8 can no longer move in the socket 9. At this time, the locking bolt can be locked.

[0034] At this time, the drill bit 12 continues to move down. Since the second positioning block 8 and the first positioning block 7 are both abutting against the locking bolt, they can no longer move. The two first spring rods 6 will gradually retract. Then, when the bottom end of the drill bit 12 abuts against the top end of the locking bolt, the drive motor 11 is started again. The output shaft of the drive motor 11 will drive the drill bit 12 to rotate at high speed, thereby performing drilling work. When the drilling work is finished, during the process of the lifting cylinder 10 moving up and resetting the drive motor 11, the two first spring rods 6 will gradually stretch and reset, and the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 will also separate, thereby releasing the locking bolt.

[0035] The positioning and unpositioning of the locking bolts are both completed automatically, with a high degree of automation, which reduces the pulling burden on the workers and improves the processing efficiency of drilling the locking bolts.

[0036] The upper surface of the first positioning block 7 has multiple vertically opened mounting holes, and a locking component is provided in the mounting holes. The locking component is used to lock the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8. The locking component includes a rod 18 that is vertically slidably inserted into the mounting hole, a fixing block 19 that is fixedly installed at the top of the rod 18, a telescopic spring 20 that is sleeved on the rod 18, and a second spring rod 21 that is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rod 18. The two ends of the telescopic spring 20 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first positioning block 7 and the lower surface of the fixing block 19, respectively. The upper surface of the second positioning block 8 has a vertically opened locking groove 22 for the bottom end of the second spring rod 21 to be inserted. The lower surface of the housing of the drive motor 11 is fixedly installed with a stop plate 23 through a connecting rod 26. The stop plate 23 is used to press against the fixing block 19.

[0037] As the drill bit 12 moves downward, the second positioning block 8 enters the slot 9 on the surface of the first positioning block 7. After both the second positioning block 8 and the first positioning block 7 abut against the locking bolt, the drill bit 12 continues to move downward. When the bottom end of the drill bit 12 abuts against the top end of the locking bolt, the abutment plate 23 also abuts against multiple fixing blocks 19. Then, as the drill bit 12 moves downward, the abutment plate 23 also moves downward. The multiple fixing blocks 19 are subjected to the pressure force, which will cause multiple insert rods 18 and multiple second spring rods 21 to move downward together. The bottom end of the second spring rod 21 corresponding to the position of the locking groove 22 will be inserted into the locking groove 22, thereby completing the locking of the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8. At this time, the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 cannot be separated, and the locking bolt will always be between the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8.

[0038] Because the locking bolt is pressed between the drill bit 12 and the platform 1 during the drilling process, and the drill bit 12 exerts a downward pressing force on the locking bolt, the drill bit 12 will not move up and down. However, it may move slightly laterally due to the rotational force of the drill bit 12. When this lateral movement occurs, the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 are locked and will move laterally along with the locking bolt. This prevents one of the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 from separating from the locking bolt when the locking bolt moves laterally, thus releasing the positioning of the locking bolt and improving the stability of the drilling process.

[0039] A baffle 24 is vertically and slidably configured inside the locking groove 22. Multiple third spring rods 25 are vertically and fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the locking groove 22. The top of the third spring rods 25 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the baffle 24.

[0040] When the second spring rods 21 move downward under the pressure of the abutment plate 23, the bottom ends of several of the second spring rods 21 that correspond to the locking groove 22 will abut against the upper surface of the baffle 24. Then, as the second spring rods 21 move downward, the baffle 24 will move downward rapidly under the pressure, thus exposing the locking groove 22. The bottom ends of the second spring rods 21 will enter the locking groove 22, completing the locking of the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8. Then, when the drilling of the locking bolt is completed and the drill bit 12 moves upward and resets, the ends of the second spring rods 21 will also move out of the locking groove 22, and the pressure on the baffle 24 will disappear. The baffle 24 will then move upward and reset rapidly under the elastic potential energy of the third spring rod 25, thus covering the opening of the locking groove 22 again.

[0041] During the drilling process, the debris that enters the locking groove 22 will accumulate on the upper surface of the baffle 24. When the drilling work is completed and the drill bit 12 and the baffle 24 move upward and reset, the baffle 24 can push the debris in the locking groove 22 out of the locking groove 22 without manual cleaning, thus avoiding the accumulation of debris that may affect the insertion of the end of the second spring rod 21 into the locking groove 22.

[0042] In this invention, the locking bolt to be drilled is first placed vertically on the platform 1 and positioned between the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8. Then, with the cooperation of the drilling mechanism and the transmission assembly, when the drilling mechanism moves down to perform drilling, the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 will move closer to each other and position the locking bolt, thus completing the centering. When the drilling work is completed and the drilling mechanism moves up to reset, the first positioning block 7 and the second positioning block 8 will move away from each other, thereby releasing the positioning of the locking bolt. This is convenient and quick. The positioning and release of the locking bolt are both completed automatically, with a high degree of automation, reducing the workload of the workers and improving the processing efficiency of drilling locking bolts.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts, comprising a platform (1), characterized in that, An L-shaped mounting plate (2) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the platform (1), and a drilling mechanism is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate (2). The platform (1) has vertically symmetrically provided mounting grooves (3) on its upper surface. The bottom wall of the mounting groove (3) has a horizontally provided sliding groove (4). A sliding plate (5) is slidably arranged in the sliding groove (4). A first spring rod (6) is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding plate (5). A V-shaped first positioning block (7) and a second positioning block (8) are fixedly installed at the ends of the two first spring rods (6) that are close to each other. The surface of the first positioning block (7) has a socket (9) for the second positioning block (8) to be inserted. The two sliding plates (5) are controlled to move relative to each other by a transmission component. The drilling mechanism includes a lifting cylinder (10) fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate (2), a drive motor (11) fixedly installed at the bottom of the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder (10), and a drill bit (12) fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the drive motor (11). The transmission assembly includes two rotating rods (13) that are horizontally rotatably installed in two mounting slots (3), two pairs of gears (14) that are fixedly sleeved on the two rotating rods (13), and four rack rods (15) that are meshed with multiple gears (14). A T-shaped mounting plate (16) is fixedly sleeved on the drive shaft of the lifting cylinder (10). Two of the rack rods (15) are symmetrically and vertically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the mounting plate (16). One end of the other two rack rods (15) is fixedly connected to the surface of two sliding plates (5). The groove (4) has multiple slots (17) for multiple rack rods (15) to pass through. The first positioning block (7) has multiple mounting holes vertically opened on its upper surface. A locking component is provided in the mounting hole. The locking component is used to lock the first positioning block (7) and the second positioning block (8). The locking assembly includes a vertically sliding insertion rod (18) inserted into the mounting port, a fixing block (19) fixedly installed at the top of the insertion rod (18), a telescopic spring (20) sleeved on the insertion rod (18), and a second spring rod (21) fixedly installed at the bottom of the insertion rod (18). The two ends of the telescopic spring (20) are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first positioning block (7) and the lower surface of the fixing block (19), respectively. The upper surface of the second positioning block (8) is vertically provided with a locking groove (22) for the bottom of the second spring rod (21) to be inserted. A stop plate (23) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the housing of the drive motor (11) via a connecting rod (26), and the stop plate (23) is used to press against the fixing block (19).

2. The positioning fixture for drilling and machining engine locking bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (24) is vertically and slidably disposed inside the locking groove (22). Multiple third spring rods (25) are vertically and fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the locking groove (22). The top of the third spring rods (25) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the baffle (24).

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