Construction method of underground TBM disassembly chamber

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of underground TBM disassembly cave construction method, the TBM disassembly cave includes TBM receiving cave, cutterhead main machine retreat cave, blasting buffer zone, TBM disassembly cave, TBM loading transport cave in turn by one end to the other end longitudinally, TBM disassembly cave includes lower step, middle step, upper step;Including the following steps: first TBM tunneling cave construction, second lower step blasting excavation support, third middle step blasting excavation support, finally lower step blasting excavation support, finally construction gantry crane rail foundation, install gantry crane inside the disassembly cave.This application changes the traditional drill and blast method bench method excavation sequence, and combines with shallow hole loose weak blasting, increases the blasting free surface, reduces the minimum resistance line, so as to reduce the shock wave and flying stone distance produced by blasting vibration, increase the protection to the lining structure of finished hole section, greatly improve the construction efficiency, construction risk is low, lay the foundation for the advance disassembly of TBM, with good economic benefit.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of underground TBM tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a construction method of underground TBM disassembly cavern. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing mountain tunnel TBM construction and city subway shield tail construction, when the TBM or shield tunneling point is reached, a disassembly cavern needs to be set up to disassemble the TBM in the hole. Since the traditional disassembly cavern is set as a "mushroom-shaped" section, the excavation working face is difficult to form at the first excavation, the construction efficiency is low, the construction technology is difficult, the construction progress is slow, and if static crushing methods such as water mill drilling and splitting rod are used, the construction efficiency is greatly reduced, and the TBM in-hole disassembly time requirement is not met. In order to ensure the safe and rapid construction of the large-section disassembly cavern in the hole, reduce the safety risk in the disassembly cavern construction, form the TBM disassembly cavern as soon as possible, and win time for the TBM in-hole disassembly, an underground TBM large-section disassembly cavern construction method is urgently needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide an underground TBM disassembly cavern construction method to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present application is achieved by the following technical scheme:

[0005] A construction method of an underground TBM disassembly cavern, the contents are as follows:

[0006] The TBM tunneling tunnel includes a TBM receiving cavern, a cutterhead main machine retreat cavern, a blasting buffer zone, and a TBM disassembly cavern from inside to outside; wherein the TBM disassembly cavern includes a cutterhead overturning area, an equipment disassembly area, and a loading and transportation area, and the construction method of the TBM disassembly cavern is as follows:

[0007] The TBM disassembly cavern is divided into three construction stages, namely lower step construction, middle step construction, and upper step construction, which need to be set near the two sides of the TBM tunneling hole section, the middle step and the upper step need to be set away from the TBM tunneling hole section along the center line, and the middle step is divided into two parts, the smaller one is the second part, and the larger one is the second part, and the upper step is divided into two parts, the smaller one is the third part, and the larger one is the third part.

[0008] The specific construction method of the TBM disassembly cavern includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: TBM tunneling hole construction;

[0010] The lining structure of the tunneling section of the TBM comprises, from inside to outside, a steel mesh, system anchor rods, and sprayed concrete, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0011] Step 1.1: Open TBM tunneling;

[0012] Step 1.2: The steel mesh is laid within a 120° range of the top of the shield tail arch, and the anchor rod drilling machine is used to construct the system anchor rods in the radial direction;

[0013] Step 1.3: The inverted arch block hoist hoists the inverted arch block and positions and installs it, and high-strength bolts are used to connect the adjacent two inverted arch blocks firmly;

[0014] Step 1.4: Wet spray concrete in the L2 area to the designed thickness.

[0015] Step 2: Blasting and excavation of the lower step;

[0016] The lower step is arranged symmetrically on both sides of the tunneling section of the TBM, and the arch foot height of the lower step is above the position of 1 / 2 of the TBM support shoe, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0017] Step 2.1: The excavation trolley is arranged on the top of the inverted arch block in step 1.3, and there is at least one excavation trolley;

[0018] Step 2.2: Excavation of the lower step;

[0019] Construction of the enlarged arc-shaped arch structure of the lower step:

[0020] Step 2.2.1: The lower step is excavated with the tunneling section of the TBM as the blasting free face.

[0021] The beneficial effects are: ①The lower step blasting charge dose is reduced, and the explosive cost is saved, that is, a larger blasting volume is obtained with less explosive amount, and the disturbance of the blasting vibration on the initial support of the tunneling section of the TBM is reduced, ②The direction of the flying stone during blasting can be controlled due to the existence of the blasting free face, the distance and kinetic energy of the blasting flying stone are reduced, and the risk is reduced.

[0022] Step 2.2.2: After the lower step is excavated vertically to the rock wall of the tunneling section of the TBM for at least 10 m, the excavation direction is changed, the lower step is excavated along the longitudinal direction, and the top of the lower step is arranged as an enlarged arc-shaped arch structure.

[0023] Step: 2.3: Slag removal

[0024] Part of the slag sample of the lower step is used as a construction platform for the excavation trolley of the middle step.

[0025] Step 2.4: Initial support construction;

[0026] Step 3: Blasting and excavation of the middle step;

[0027] The middle step is arranged above the lower step, away from the TBM tunneling hole segment and arranged along the center line with equal area on the left and right, and the middle step excavation and support are performed after the lower step construction is completed, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0028] Step 3.1: Excavation platform setting;

[0029] The bottom of the excavation platform is used as a construction platform of the lower step slag sample, the excavation platform is arranged on the top of the construction platform, and at least one excavation platform is arranged.

[0030] Step 3.2: Middle step excavation;

[0031] The second part of the middle step is excavated by blasting, and the lower step is used as the free surface after excavation, and then the second part of the middle step is excavated, and the non-blasting technique is used for excavation, and the top of the middle step is arranged as an enlarged arc arch structure, which has the beneficial effects of: reducing the blasting charge dose of the lower step, saving the cost of explosives, that is, obtaining a larger blasting volume with less amount of explosives, and reducing the disturbance of blasting vibration on the surrounding rock. ②Due to the existence of the blasting free surface, the throwing direction of the flying stones during blasting can be changed, the distance and kinetic energy of the blasting flying stones are reduced, and the risk is reduced.

[0032] Step 3.3: Slag discharge;

[0033] Part of the middle step slag sample can be used as a construction platform of the upper step excavation platform.

[0034] Step 3.4: Initial support construction.

[0035] Step 4: Upper step blasting excavation and support;

[0036] The upper step is arranged above the middle step, and the upper step excavation and support are performed after the middle step excavation and support are completed, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0037] Step 4.1: Excavation platform setting;

[0038] The bottom of the excavation platform is used as a construction platform of the middle step slag sample, the excavation platform is arranged on the top of the construction platform, and at least one excavation platform is arranged.

[0039] Step 4.2: Upper step excavation.

[0040] The third part of the upper step is excavated by blasting, and the lower step which is excavated is used as the free surface, and then the third part of the upper step is excavated by non-blasting technology, and the top of the upper step is set as an expanded arch structure, which has the beneficial effects that: the blasting charge dose of the lower step is reduced, the explosive cost is saved, that is, a larger blasting volume is obtained with less explosive amount, and the disturbance of blasting vibration on the surrounding rock is reduced. ②Due to the existence of the blasting free surface, the throwing direction of the blasting flying stone can be changed, the distance and kinetic energy of the blasting flying stone are reduced, and the risk is reduced.

[0041] Step 4.3: Slagging. A part of the slag sample of the upper step is slagged to the outside of the hole, and the remaining part of the slag sample is transported to the outside of the hole after the initial support construction of the upper step is completed.

[0042] Step 4.4: Initial support construction.

[0043] Step 5: Construction of gantry crane track foundation, and installation of gantry crane in the TBM disassembly chamber.

[0044] After the lower step, the middle step and the upper step are all constructed, the gantry crane track foundation is constructed, and the gantry crane is assembled in the hole, and at least 2 gantry cranes are needed.

[0045] After the upper step, the middle step and the lower step are constructed, the gantry crane track foundation is constructed, and the gantry crane is assembled in the hole, and at least 2 gantry cranes are needed.

[0046] Preferably, the initial support structure is sequentially composed of initial shotcrete, steel mesh and re-shotcrete from outside to inside.

[0047] Preferably, the excavation steps of the lower step, the middle step and the upper step are sequentially drilling, hole cleaning, charging and blasting.

[0048] Preferably, when the middle step and the upper step are in the broken section of the surrounding rock, they are staggered excavated into the left side area and the right side area.

[0049] Preferably, the initial support construction steps of the lower step and the middle step are sequentially initial shotcrete, steel mesh laying, re-shotcrete, and the initial support construction steps of the upper step are sequentially initial shotcrete, steel mesh laying, system anchor rod construction and re-shotcrete, and the shotcrete is steel fiber reinforced concrete.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The method changes the traditional step method excavation sequence, and uses the TBM tunneling hole section as the blasting free surface. The traditional construction sequence is upper step, middle step and lower step, while the present application is lower step, middle step and upper step.

[0052] 2. The application divides the disassembly chamber into three steps, and excavates different parts, so that the lower, middle and upper steps only need small dose blasting to loosen, compared with the whole face and full section blasting, the blasting vibration and shock wave reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock and the initial support of the formed hole section, which is beneficial to the stability of the rock mass, and the lower step is excavated first, then the middle step, and finally the upper step, combined with shallow hole loosening blasting during the implementation process, the excavation working face can be formed as soon as possible, and the excavation method is flexible and mobile.

[0053] 3. The lower, middle and upper step sub-excavation shallow hole loosening blasting method changes the excavation sequence and the throwing direction of flying stones, compared with static crushing, greatly improves the construction efficiency, reduces the construction cost, and ensures the construction progress of the TBM disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] The drawings described herein are used to provide further understanding of the embodiments of the application, constitute a part of the application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the application. In the drawings:

[0055] Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section view of the lower step construction in the embodiment of the application;

[0056] Fig. 2 is a transverse section view of the lower step construction in the embodiment of the application;

[0057] Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section view of the middle step construction in the embodiment of the application;

[0058] Fig. 4 is a transverse section view of the middle step construction in the embodiment of the application;

[0059] Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section view of the upper step construction in the embodiment of the application;

[0060] Fig. 6 is a transverse section view of the upper step construction in the embodiment of the application;

[0061] Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section view of gantry crane installation in the embodiment of the application;

[0062] Fig. 8 is a transverse section view of gantry crane installation in the embodiment of the application;

[0063] Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the initial support of the disassembly chamber in the embodiment of the application;

[0064] Figure 10 The flowchart of the application.

[0065] Icon: 1-receiving cavern; 2-open TBM; 3-blasting buffer zone; 4-precast inverted arch block; 5-excavation trolley; 6-lower step; 7-lower step enlarged arch structure; 8-middle step; 9-middle step enlarged arch structure; 10-construction platform; 11-upper step; 12-upper step enlarged arch structure; 13-system anchor rod; 14-gantry crane; 15-excavation rock wall; 16-primary shotcrete; 17-reinforcing mesh; 18-repeated shotcrete. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below with examples and drawings, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used to explain the present application, and do not limit the present application. It should be noted that the present application has been in the actual research and development stage.

[0067] According to Figures 1-10 As shown in the figure, a construction method of an underground TBM disassembly cavern, the contents are as follows:

[0068] The TBM tunneling tunnel includes TBM receiving cavern 1, TBM rear retreat cavern, blasting buffer zone 3, TBM disassembly cavern from inside to outside; wherein the TBM disassembly cavern includes a cutter head turnover area, a device disassembly area and a loading and transportation area, because the height in the hole does not meet the disassembly requirement, it is necessary to raise the TBM disassembly cavern, and the construction method is as follows:

[0069] The TBM disassembly cavern is divided into three construction stages, which are lower step 6 construction, middle step 8 construction and upper step 11 construction, the lower step 6 needs to be set near the two sides of the TBM tunneling hole section, the middle step 8 and the upper step 11 need to be set away from the TBM tunneling hole section along the center line and left and right equal area, the middle step 8 is divided into two parts, the smaller one is the second part, and the larger one is the second part, the upper step 11 is divided into two parts, the smaller one is the third part, and the larger one is the third part.

[0070] The specific construction method of the TBM disassembly cavern includes the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: TBM tunneling hole construction;

[0072] The TBM tunneling hole section lining structure includes reinforcing mesh 17, system anchor rod 13 and repeated shotcrete 18 from inside to outside, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0073] Step 1.1: open TBM 2 tunneling;

[0074] Step 1.2: Steel mesh 17 is laid in the range of 120° of the shield tail arch top, and anchor rod 13 is constructed by the radial construction system of the anchor rod drill;

[0075] Step 1.3: The inverted arch block is hoisted by the inverted arch block hoist and positioned and installed, and high-strength bolts are used to connect the adjacent two inverted arch blocks firmly;

[0076] Step 1.4: Wet shotcrete is sprayed to the design thickness in the L2 area.

[0077] Step 2: The lower step 6 is blasted and excavated for support;

[0078] The lower step 6 is arranged equidimensionally on both sides of the TBM tunneling section, and the arch foot height of the lower step 6 is above the position of 1 / 2 of the TBM support shoe, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0079] Step 2.1: The excavation trolley 5 is arranged on the top of the inverted arch block in step 1.3, and the excavation trolley 5 is at least one;

[0080] Step 2.2: The lower step 6 is excavated;

[0081] Construction of the lower step enlarged arc-shaped arch structure 7:

[0082] Step 2.2.1: The lower step 6 is excavated with the TBM tunneling section as the blasting free surface.

[0083] The beneficial effects are: ①The lower step 6 blasting charge dose is reduced, and the explosive cost is saved, that is, a larger blasting volume is obtained with less explosive amount, and the disturbance of the initial support of the TBM tunneling section by blasting vibration is reduced, ②The direction of the flying stone during blasting can be controlled due to the existence of the blasting free surface, the distance and kinetic energy of the blasting flying stone are reduced, and the risk is reduced.

[0084] Step 2.2.2: After the lower step 6 is excavated vertically to the rock wall of the TBM tunneling section for at least 10 m, the excavation direction is changed, the lower step 6 is excavated along the longitudinal lower step 6 working face, and the top of the lower step 6 is arranged as an enlarged arc-shaped arch structure.

[0085] Step 2.3: Slag discharge

[0086] Part of the slag sample of the lower step 6 is used as the construction platform 10 of the excavation trolley 5 of the middle step 8.

[0087] Step 2.4: Initial support construction;

[0088] Step 3: The middle step 8 is blasted and excavated for support;

[0089] The middle step 8 is arranged above the lower step 6, away from the TBM tunneling section and equidimensionally arranged along the center line, and the middle step 8 is excavated and supported after the lower step 6 is constructed, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0090] Step 3.1: excavating platform 5 is set up;

[0091] The bottom of the excavating platform 5 uses the slag-like lower step 6 as a construction platform 10, the excavating platform 5 is set up on the top of the construction platform 10, and there is at least one excavating platform 5.

[0092] Step 3.2: middle step 8 is excavated;

[0093] The second part of the middle step 8 is excavated by blasting, and the lower step 6 is used as the free surface after the excavation is completed, then the second part of the middle step 8 is excavated by non-blasting technology, and the top of the middle step 8 is set as an enlarged arc-shaped arch structure, which has the beneficial effects of: reducing the blasting charge dose of the lower step 6, saving the cost of explosives, that is, obtaining a larger blasting volume with less amount of explosives, and reducing the disturbance of blasting vibration to the surrounding rock. ②Due to the existence of the blasting free surface, the throwing direction of the flying stones during blasting can be changed, the distance and kinetic energy of the blasting flying stones are reduced, and the risk is reduced.

[0094] Step 3.3: slagging out;

[0095] Part of the middle step 8 slag can be used as the construction platform 10 of the upper step 11 excavating platform 5.

[0096] Step 3.4: initial support construction.

[0097] Step 4: blasting and excavating support of the upper step 11;

[0098] The upper step 11 is set above the middle step 8, and the excavating and supporting of the upper step 11 is carried out after the excavating and supporting of the middle step 8 is completed, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0099] Step 4.1: excavating platform 5 is set up;

[0100] The bottom of the excavating platform 5 uses the middle step 8 slag as a construction platform 10, the excavating platform 5 is set up on the top of the construction platform 10, and there is at least one excavating platform 5.

[0101] Step 4.2: excavating the upper step 11.

[0102] The third part of the upper step 11 is excavated by blasting, and the lower step 6 is used as the free surface after the excavation is completed, then the third part of the upper step 11 is excavated by non-blasting technology, and the top of the upper step 11 is set as an enlarged arch structure, which has the beneficial effects of: reducing the blasting charge dose of the lower step 6, saving the cost of explosives, that is, obtaining a larger blasting volume with less amount of explosives, and reducing the disturbance of blasting vibration to the surrounding rock. ②Due to the existence of the blasting free surface, the throwing direction of the flying stones during blasting can be changed, the distance and kinetic energy of the blasting flying stones are reduced, and the risk is reduced.

[0103] Step 4.3: Slag Removal. Part of the slag sample from Upper Bench 11 is removed outside the tunnel, and the remaining slag sample is transported outside the tunnel after the initial support construction of Upper Bench 11 is completed.

[0104] Step 4.4: Initial support construction.

[0105] Step 5: Construct the track foundation for gantry crane 14 and install gantry crane 14 inside the TBM dismantling tunnel.

[0106] After the lower step 6, middle step 8 and upper step 11 are completed, the track foundation of the gantry crane 14 will be constructed, and the gantry crane 14 will be assembled inside the tunnel. At least two gantry cranes 14 are required.

[0107] After the construction of the upper step 11, middle step 8, and lower step 6 is completed, the track foundation for the gantry crane 14 is constructed, and the gantry crane 14 is assembled inside the tunnel. At least two gantry cranes 14 are required.

[0108] Preferably, the initial support structure consists of, from the outside in, initial shotcrete 16, steel mesh 17, and secondary shotcrete 18.

[0109] Preferably, the excavation steps for the lower step 6, middle step 8, and upper step 11 are as follows: drilling, cleaning the hole, loading explosives, and blasting.

[0110] Preferably, the middle step 8 and the upper step 11 are located in the fractured rock section, and they are divided into left and right areas for staggered excavation.

[0111] Preferably, the initial support construction steps for the lower step 6 and the middle step 8 are as follows: initial shotcrete 16, steel mesh 17, laying, and re-shotcrete 18. The initial support steps for the upper step 11 are as follows: initial shotcrete 16, steel mesh 17 laying, system anchor bolt 13 construction, and re-shotcrete 18. The shotcrete is steel fiber reinforced concrete. Example

[0112] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, in a particularly long tunnel in Xinjiang, the tunnel is 22.13km long and adopts a 3-tunnel + 4-shaft design. The central pilot tunnel is excavated using an 8430mm diameter TBM. The TBM dismantling process is carried out at the midpoint PK86+781.721. The specific construction process for dismantling the TBM inside the tunnel is as follows:

[0113] Step 1: TBM tunnel excavation construction;

[0114] The lining structure of the tunnel section during TBM excavation consists of, from the inside out, steel mesh 17, system anchor bolts 13, and shotcrete 18. The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0115] Step 1.1: Open-face TBM2 tunneling;

[0116] Step 1.2: Steel mesh 17 is laid in the range of 120° of the shield tail arch, and the anchor rod 13 is constructed by the radial construction system of the anchor rod drill;

[0117] Step 1.3: The inverted arch block is hoisted by the inverted arch block hoist and positioned and installed, and high-strength bolts are used to connect the adjacent two inverted arch blocks firmly;

[0118] Step 1.4: Wet shotcrete is sprayed in the L2 area to the designed thickness.

[0119] Step 2: The lower step 6 is blasted and excavated for support;

[0120] The lower step 6 is arranged equidistantly on both sides of the TBM tunneling section, and the arch foot height of the lower step 6 is above the position of 1 / 2 of the TBM support shoe, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0121] Step 2.1: The excavation trolley 5 is arranged on the top of the inverted arch block as described in step 1.3, and there is one excavation trolley 5;

[0122] Step 2.2: The lower step 6 is excavated;

[0123] Construction of the enlarged arc-shaped arch structure 7 of the lower step:

[0124] Step 2.2.1: The lower step 6 is excavated with the TBM tunneling section as the blasting free surface.

[0125] Step 2.2.2: After the lower step 6 is excavated vertically to the rock wall of the TBM tunneling section for at least 10 m, the excavation direction is changed, and the lower step 6 is excavated along the longitudinal face, and the top of the lower step 6 is arranged as an enlarged arc-shaped arch structure.

[0126] Step 2.3: Slag discharge

[0127] Part of the slag sample of the lower step 6 serves as the construction platform 10 of the excavation trolley 5 of the middle step 8.

[0128] Step 2.4: Initial support construction;

[0129] Step 3: The middle step 8 is blasted and excavated for support;

[0130] The middle step 8 is arranged above the lower step 6, away from the TBM tunneling section, and equidistantly arranged along the centerline, and the middle step 8 is excavated and supported after the lower step 6 is constructed, and the specific construction steps are as follows:

[0131] Step 3.1: The excavation trolley 5 is arranged;

[0132] The bottom of the excavation trolley 5 uses the slag sample of the lower step 6 as the construction platform 10, the excavation trolley 5 is arranged on the top of the construction platform 10, and there is one excavation trolley 5;

[0133] Step 3.2: Middle bench 8 excavation;

[0134] The second part of the middle bench 8 is excavated by blasting, and the lower bench 6 is used as the free surface after excavation, and then the second part of the middle bench 8 is excavated by non-blasting technology. The top of the middle bench 8 is set as an enlarged arc arch structure.

[0135] Step 3.3: Slag removal;

[0136] A part of the middle bench 8 slag sample can be used as the construction platform 10 of the upper bench 11 excavation trolley 5.

[0137] Step 3.4: Initial support construction.

[0138] Step 4: Upper bench 11 blasting excavation support;

[0139] The upper bench 11 is set above the middle bench 8, and the upper bench 11 excavation support is performed after the middle bench 8 excavation support is completed. The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0140] Step 4.1: Excavation trolley 5 setting;

[0141] The bottom of the excavation trolley 5 uses the middle bench 8 slag sample as the construction platform 10, the excavation trolley 5 sets the construction platform 10 on the top, and at least one excavation trolley 5 is set.

[0142] Step 4.2: Upper bench 11 excavation.

[0143] The third part of the upper bench 11 is excavated by blasting, and the lower bench 6 is used as the free surface after excavation, and then the third part of the upper bench 11 is excavated by non-blasting technology. The top of the upper bench 11 is set as an enlarged arch structure.

[0144] Step 4.3: Slag removal. A part of the upper bench 11 slag sample is removed to the outside of the hole, and the remaining part of the slag sample is transported to the outside of the hole after the initial support construction of the upper bench 11 is completed.

[0145] Step 4.4: Initial support construction.

[0146] Step 5: Construction of gantry crane 14 track foundation, installation of gantry crane 14 inside the TBM disassembly chamber.

[0147] After the lower bench 6, the middle bench 8, and the upper bench 11 are constructed, the gantry crane 14 track foundation is constructed, and the gantry crane 14 is assembled inside the hole. The gantry crane 14 has two.

[0148] After the upper bench 11, the middle bench 8, and the lower bench 6 are constructed, the gantry crane 14 track foundation is constructed, and the gantry crane 14 is assembled inside the hole. The gantry crane 14 has two.

[0149] The above detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present application has been given to understand the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method of a TBM disassembly cavern, characterized in that: The TBM tunneling tunnel comprises, from inside to outside, a TBM receiving cavern (1), a cutter head main machine retreat cavern, a blasting buffer zone (3), and a TBM disassembly cavern; wherein the TBM disassembly cavern comprises a cutter head overturning area, an equipment disassembly area, and a loading and transportation area, and the construction method of the TBM disassembly cavern is as follows: The TBM disassembly cavern is divided into three construction stages, namely, lower step (6) construction, middle step (8) construction, and upper step (11) construction. The lower step (6) needs to be set near both sides of the TBM tunneling tunnel section with equal space, the middle step (8) and the upper step (11) need to be set away from the TBM tunneling tunnel section along the center line with equal area on both sides, the middle step (8) is divided into two parts, the smaller one is the second part, and the larger one is the second part, and the upper step (11) is also divided into two parts, the smaller one is the third part, and the larger one is the third part. The construction method of the TBM disassembly cavern comprises the following steps: Step 1: TBM tunneling tunnel construction; The TBM tunneling tunnel lining structure comprises, from inside to outside, a steel mesh (17), a system anchor rod (13), and a re-sprayed concrete (18), and the specific construction steps are as follows: Step 1.1: Open TBM (2) tunneling; Step 1.2: Steel mesh (17) is laid within a 120° range of the shield tail arch; anchor rod drill radial system anchor rod (13) is constructed; Step 1.3: Inverted arch block hoist hoists and positions the inverted arch block and installs it, and high-strength bolts are used to connect the adjacent two inverted arch blocks firmly; Step 1.4: L2 area sprays wet-sprayed concrete to the designed thickness; Step 2: Blasting excavation and support of the lower step (6); The lower step (6) is set near both sides of the TBM tunneling tunnel section with equal area, and the lower step (6) arch foot height is above 1 / 2 of the TBM support shoe, and the specific construction steps are as follows: Step 2.1: The excavation trolley (5) is set on the top of the inverted arch block in step 1.3; there is at least one excavation trolley (5); Step 2.2: Lower step (6) excavation; Lower step enlarged arc arch structure (7) construction: Step 2.2.1: The lower step (6) is excavated with the TBM tunneling tunnel section as the blasting free face; Step 2.2.2: After excavating at least 10 m vertically to the TBM tunneling tunnel section rock wall, the excavation direction is changed, the longitudinal lower step (6) working face is excavated, and the top of the lower step (6) is set as an enlarged arc arch structure; Step 2.3: Slag removal Part of the lower step (6) slag sample is used as the construction platform (10) of the middle step (8) excavation trolley (5); Step 2.4: Initial support construction; Step 3: Blasting excavation and support of the middle step (8); The middle step (8) is set above the lower step (6) and away from the TBM tunneling tunnel section along the center line with equal area on both sides, and the middle step (8) excavation and support are performed after the lower step (6) construction is completed, and the specific construction steps are as follows: Step 3.1: Excavation trolley (5) setting; The bottom of the excavation trolley (5) uses the lower step (6) slag sample to make the construction platform (10), the excavation trolley (5) is arranged on the top of the construction platform (10), and at least one excavation trolley (5) is arranged; Step 3.2: middle step (8) excavation; The second part of the middle step (8) is excavated by blasting, and the lower step (6) is used as the free surface of the excavation, and then the second part of the middle step (8) is excavated by non-blasting technology, and the top of the middle step (8) is arranged as an enlarged arc arch structure; Step 3.3: slagging; A part of the middle step (8) slag sample can be used as the construction platform (10) of the upper step (11) excavation trolley (5); Step 3.4: initial support construction; Step 4: blasting excavation support of the upper step (11); The upper step (11) is arranged above the middle step (8), and the excavation support of the upper step (11) is carried out after the excavation support of the middle step (8) is completed, and the specific construction steps are as follows: Step 4.1: setting of the excavation trolley (5); The bottom of the excavation trolley (5) uses the middle step (8) slag sample to make the construction platform (10), the excavation trolley (5) is arranged on the top of the construction platform (10), and at least one excavation trolley (5) is arranged; Step 4.2: upper step (11) excavation; The third part of the upper step (11) is excavated by blasting, and the lower step (6) is used as the free surface of the excavation, and then the third part of the upper step (11) is excavated by non-blasting technology, and the top of the upper step (11) is arranged as an enlarged arch structure; Step 4.3: slagging; the upper step (11) slag sample is discharged to the outside of the hole, and the remaining part of the slag sample is transported to the outside of the hole after the initial support construction of the upper step (11) is completed; Step 4.4: initial support construction; Step 5: construction of gantry crane (14) track foundation, installation of gantry crane (14) in TBM disassembly chamber; After the lower step (6), the middle step (8) and the upper step (11) are constructed, the gantry crane (14) track foundation is constructed, and the gantry crane (14) is assembled in the hole, and at least two gantry cranes (14) are required; After the lower step (6), the middle step (8) and the upper step (11) are constructed, the gantry crane (14) track foundation is constructed, and the gantry crane (14) is assembled in the hole, and at least two gantry cranes (14) are required.

2. The construction method of a underground TBM launching chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The initial support comprises, from outside to inside, initial shotcrete (16), steel mesh (17) and re-shotcrete (18).

3. The construction method of underground TBM machine chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excavation steps of the lower step (6), the middle step (8) and the upper step (11) are drilling, hole cleaning, charging and blasting in sequence.

4. The construction method of underground TBM machine chamber according to claim 1, wherein, When the middle step (8) and the upper step (11) are in the broken section of surrounding rock, they are excavated alternately in the left side area and the right side area.

5. The method of constructing an underground TBM launching chamber according to claim 1, wherein, The initial support construction steps of the lower step (6) and the middle step (8) are initial shotcrete (16), steel mesh (17), laying and re-shotcrete (18) in sequence, and the initial support steps of the upper step (11) are initial shotcrete (16), laying of steel mesh (17), system anchor rod (13) construction and re-shotcrete (18) in sequence, and the shotcrete is steel fiber reinforced concrete.

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