A solar water heater and thermal photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of solar thermal photovoltaic power generation, more particularly, to a solar water heater and a thermal photovoltaic power generation system. The solar water heater comprises a cold water block, a water tank, a heat preservation container and a vacuum tube. The water tank is arranged above the heat preservation container, and the cold water block is arranged in the heat preservation container. A TEG chip is attached to the outer wall of the cold water block. A phase change material is filled between the cold water block and the heat preservation container. The vacuum tube is arranged in parallel with several groups. The top of the vacuum tube is fixedly connected with the heat preservation container. A heat pipe is arranged in the vacuum tube. The top of the heat pipe is connected with a heat pipe condensing end. The heat pipe condensing end extends into the phase change material in the heat preservation container. A plurality of heat conducting elements are arranged between the cold water block and the water tank. The device has the functions of providing hot water and generating electricity simultaneously, and can realize 24-hour continuous power generation. The cost of solar thermal photovoltaic power generation is reduced. The present application is mainly applied to the field of generating electricity and providing hot water simultaneously by using solar energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solar thermal photovoltaic power generation, and more particularly, to a solar water heater capable of generating electricity and a thermal photovoltaic power generation system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, solar water heaters are very popular due to their low cost. However, they cannot generate electricity. Most of the existing thermal photovoltaic power generation (semiconductor thermoelectric power generation) devices and power generation systems utilize existing heat sources to establish the temperature difference required for power generation, and do not have self-contained heat collection and storage devices.

[0003] Solar photovoltaic power generation has developed very rapidly. However, this power generation system is affected by the weather, and there are only about 8 hours of strong sunlight in 24 hours a day, and it is not possible to have the sun out every day in 365 days a year. When there is no sun, the photovoltaic power station cannot generate electricity, which is the reason why the equivalent availability coefficient of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is only about 15%. A battery or other energy storage system can be used to solve the problem of solar photovoltaic power generation, but the cost of the system will increase significantly.

[0004] The development of solar thermal power generation technology has also been very rapid in recent years. However, the existing solar thermal power generation system needs to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, and then convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need for a solar water heater and a comprehensive utilization system capable of continuous power generation and heating for 24 hours. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present application provides a solar water heater capable of generating electricity and a thermal photovoltaic power generation system. The device uses semiconductor thermoelectric power generation technology and corresponding heat collection and storage technology to solve the key technical problem that solar water heaters cannot generate electricity, enabling the solar water heater to generate electricity continuously for 24 hours while providing hot water. Without the conversion of mechanical work, the cost of solar thermal photovoltaic power generation is significantly reduced.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] The application discloses a solar water heater capable of generating electricity, which comprises a cold water block, a water tank, a heat preservation container and vacuum tubes, the water tank is arranged above the heat preservation container, the cold water block is arranged in the heat preservation container, a TEG chip is attached to the outer wall of the cold water block, a phase change material is filled between the cold water block and the heat preservation container, a plurality of groups of the vacuum tubes are arranged side by side, the top of the vacuum tube is fixedly connected with the heat preservation container, a heat pipe is arranged in the vacuum tube, a condensing end of the heat pipe is arranged at the top of the heat pipe, the condensing end of the heat pipe extends into the phase change material in the heat preservation container, a heat conducting fluid is arranged in the heat pipe, the cold water block is connected with a cold water block water inlet extending out of the heat preservation container, a plurality of heat conducting members are arranged between the cold water block and the water tank, a water temperature and water level sensor is arranged in the water tank, the water temperature and water level sensor is connected with a controller, and the vacuum tube and the heat preservation container are fixed by a frame body.

[0009] The top of the cold water block is communicated with the water tank through a cold water block water outlet, the heat conducting member is a metal pipe, the top of the metal pipe is in an open shape and extends into the water tank, the bottom of the metal pipe is in a closed shape and extends into the cold water block, and a silica gel sealing ring is arranged at the connection position of the metal pipe and the water tank.

[0010] The cold water block water inlet is connected with a water source, a water valve and a water pump are arranged on the pipeline connected with the water source, and the water valve and the water pump are electrically connected with the controller.

[0011] The heat conducting member is a copper heat pipe, one end of the copper heat pipe is inserted into the cold water block, and the other end of the copper heat pipe is inserted into the water tank.

[0012] A water inlet and outlet of the water tank is arranged on the water tank, the water inlet and outlet of the water tank is connected with a water source, a water valve and a water pump are arranged on the pipeline connected with the water source, and the water valve and the water pump are electrically connected with the controller.

[0013] The water tank comprises a water tank shell and a water tank liner, the water tank liner is arranged in the water tank shell, a heat preservation layer is arranged between the water tank liner and the water tank shell, and a water overflow outlet and an air outlet are arranged on the water tank.

[0014] The frame body comprises a support, a tail seat and a bottom foot, the tail seat is arranged at the bottom of the support, the bottom foot is arranged at the bottom of the tail seat, and the heat preservation container and the vacuum tube are placed on the support.

[0015] The vacuum tube comprises an outer glass tube and an inner glass tube, the inner glass tube is sleeved outside the heat pipe, the outer glass tube is arranged outside the inner glass tube, a vacuum layer is arranged between the outer glass tube and the inner glass tube, a rubber plug is arranged at the connection position of the outer glass tube and the heat preservation container, and an absorption coating is coated outside the inner glass tube.

[0016] A light concentrating reflection plate is arranged below the vacuum tube.

[0017] A thermal photovoltaic power generation system includes a grid-connected inverter, a distribution box, and a power-generating solar water heater. The TEG chip in the power-generating solar water heater is connected to the grid-connected inverter via wires. The grid-connected inverter is electrically connected to the distribution box. The distribution box is connected to a load and a power grid. A meter is installed on the connection line between the distribution box and the power grid.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] This device can replace solar photovoltaic panels and can generate electricity continuously for 24 hours without the need for lithium battery energy storage. It also has the functions of providing hot water as a conventional solar water heater and generating electricity as a solar photovoltaic panel. All fluid circulation in this device is closed-loop, and the additional cooling fluid comes from the tap water that needs to be heated, so it will not cause environmental problems. This device does not have a mechanical work conversion process, which greatly reduces the cost of solar thermal photovoltaic power generation, and the power generation cost is lower than that of solar photovoltaic panels. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cold water block portion of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the intercooled water block;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Front sectional view of the intermediate cooling water block;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a water heater according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side view of a medium-sized water heater;

[0026] Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the cold water block part of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Top view of the intercooled water block;

[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Front sectional view of the intermediate cooling water block;

[0029] Figure 10 This is another schematic diagram of heat exchange according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another water heater of the present application;

[0031] Figure 12 Fig. 3 is a side view of the water heater of the present application; Figure 11 Fig. 4 is a side view of the water heater of the present application;

[0032] Figure 13 Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a power generation system of the present application;

[0033] In the figure: 1 is the cold water block water outlet, 2 is the cold water block water inlet, 3 is the metal pipe, 4 is the TEG chip, 5 is the cold water block, 6 is the water valve, 7 is the water pump, 8 is the controller, 9 is the water tank shell, 10 is the insulation layer, 11 is the water tank inner container, 12 is the overflow, 13 is the exhaust port, 14 is the water temperature and water level sensor, 15 is the bracket, 16 is the tail seat, 17 is the bottom foot, 18 is the heat preservation container, 19 is the rubber plug, 20 is the heat conducting fluid, 21 is the outer glass tube, 22 is the vacuum interlayer, 23 is the absorption coating, 24 is the inner glass tube, 25 is the copper heat pipe, 26 is the phase change material, 27 is the water tank water inlet and outlet, 28 is the heat pipe condensing end, 29 is the silica gel sealing ring, 30 is the light reflection plate, 31 is the wire, 32 is the grid-connected inverter, 33 is the load, 34 is the distribution box, 35 is the electric meter, 36 is the power grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application to be more clearly understood, the following will further describe the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0035] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application can be practiced in other different ways from the description, therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 13The utility model provides a kind of solar water heater that can generate electricity, including cold water block 5, water tank, heat preservation container 18 and vacuum tube, water tank is set above heat preservation container 18, cold water block 5 is arranged in heat preservation container 18, cold water block 5 uses plate unit structure, TEG chip 4 is attached to the outer wall of cold water block 5, phase change material 26 is filled and arranged between cold water block 5 and heat preservation container 18, the hot end of TEG chip 4 directly contacts the phase change material with high temperature, its cold end is attached to the surface of cold water block, realizes temperature difference, and then generates electricity, vacuum tube is side by side and is provided with several groups, vacuum tube is placed obliquely, and the arrangement mode is same with existing solar water heater, vacuum tube top is fixedly connected with heat preservation container 18, heat pipe is arranged in vacuum tube, heat pipe top is connected and is provided with heat pipe condensing end 28, heat pipe condensing end 28 is inserted into phase change material 26 in heat preservation container 18, heat pipe is provided with heat conducting fluid 20, heat is transferred by heat pipe in vacuum tube, and heat is transferred to phase change material 26 by heat pipe condensing end 28, when the volume of heat preservation container 18 with phase change material 26 is enough, the heat energy stored can realize the requirement of continuous power generation, and the temperature in heat preservation container 18 can reach 160 DEG C theoretically at this time.Cold water block 5 is connected with the water inlet 2 of cold water block that projects heat preservation container 18, and water is filled in cold water block 5 by the water inlet 2 of cold water block, and a plurality of heat conducting pieces are arranged between cold water block 5 and water tank, water temperature level sensor 14 is arranged in water tank, and water temperature level sensor 14 is connected with controller 8, and vacuum tube and heat preservation container 18 are fixed by frame body.The heat pipe in vacuum tube transfers the solar heat collected to phase change material 26 in heat preservation container 18, and water is injected to cold water block 5, and the temperature of water in cold water block 5 is much lower than the temperature of phase change material 26, and temperature difference is established on both sides of TEG chip 4, so as to realize power generation.

[0037] Preferably, the top of the cold water block 5 is connected to the water tank through the water outlet 1 of the cold water block, the heat conducting piece is a metal pipe 3, the top of the metal pipe 3 is open and extends into the water tank, the bottom of the metal pipe 3 is closed and extends into the cold water block 5, the open top of the metal pipe 3 connects the water tank and the cold water block 5, and the heat is transferred through the metal pipe 3 to raise the temperature of the water in the water tank, a silica gel sealing ring 29 is arranged at the connection between the metal pipe 3 and the water tank to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0038] Preferably, the water inlet 2 of the cold water block is connected to a water source, a water valve 6 and a water pump 7 are arranged on the pipeline connecting the water inlet 2 of the cold water block and the water source, and the water valve 6 and the water pump 7 are electrically connected to the controller 8. The controller 8 can control the water valve 6 and the water pump 7 to control the water injection of the cold water block 5.

[0039] Preferably, when the metal pipe 3 is used to maintain the temperature difference between the two ends of the TEG chip 4, the cold water is injected into the cold water block 5, and flows into the water tank inner container 11 through the heating of the high-temperature phase change material 26. At this time, the water temperature in the water tank inner container 11 is about 50℃. And because of the temperature difference between the cold water block 5 and the phase change material 26, the TEG chip 4 generates electricity through the temperature difference. The lower part of the metal pipe 3 is inserted into the cold water block, the upper part of the metal pipe 3 is inserted into the water tank inner container 11, and the metal pipe 3 is sealed and connected with the water tank inner container 11 by the silica gel sealing ring 29. When the water tank inner container 11 is filled, the water injection into the cold water block 5 is stopped, and the residual water in the cold water block 5 absorbs the heat of the phase change material 26, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. At this time, the temperature of the cold water block 5 (the cold end of the TEG chip 4) can reach 80℃ or even above 90℃, and the temperature difference between the cold and hot ends of the TEG chip 4 decreases. However, at this time, the water in the metal pipe 3 absorbs the heat in the cold water block 5, which can not only heat the water in the water tank inner container 11, but also maintain a larger temperature difference between the cold water block 5 and the phase change material 26, thereby increasing the power generation efficiency of the TEG chip 4.

[0040] Preferably, the heat-conducting member is a copper heat pipe 25, one end of the copper heat pipe 25 is inserted into the cold water block 5, the other end of the copper heat pipe 25 is inserted into the water tank, and the copper heat pipe 25 is provided with a heat-conducting fluid 20. The cold water block 5 is only provided with a water inlet and is inserted into the copper heat pipe 25, and the other end of the copper heat pipe 25 is inserted into the water tank. Because it is surrounded by the high-temperature phase change material 26, the temperature of the water in the cold water block 5 rises rapidly, and the heat is transferred to the water tank through the copper heat pipe 25, thereby keeping the temperature of the cold water block lower than the temperature of the phase change material 26. In this way, the required temperature difference between the two sides of the TEG chip 4 is established, thereby realizing power generation.

[0041] Preferably, the water tank is provided with a water inlet and outlet 27, the water inlet and outlet 27 is connected with a water source, and a water valve 6 and a water pump 7 are arranged on the pipeline connected with the water source, and the water valve 6 and the water pump 7 are electrically connected with the controller 8. The controller 8 can control the water valve 6 and the water pump 7 to realize the water injection control of the water tank.

[0042] Preferably, when the copper heat pipe 25 is used to maintain the temperature difference between the two ends of the TEG chip 4, the upper part of the copper heat pipe 25 is combined with the heat preservation container 18 filled with the phase change material 26, and the phase change material 26 absorbs heat and rises in temperature, which can reach above 160℃. At this time, the cold water block 5 with TEG chip on both sides is inserted, the cold water block 5 only has a cold water block water inlet 2 and is inserted into the copper heat pipe 25, and the other end of the copper heat pipe is placed in the water tank inner container 11. When the water in the cold water block 5 is heated, the heat is transferred to the water in the water tank inner container 11 through the copper heat pipe 25, and the water in the water tank inner container 11 flows into the water tank through the water inlet and outlet 27. At this time, because the heat in the cold water block 5 is always transferred to the water in the water tank inner container 11, there is always a temperature difference between the cold water block 5 and the phase change material 26, and the TEG chip 4 generates electricity.

[0043] Preferably, the water tank comprises a water tank shell 9 and a water tank liner 11, the water tank liner 11 is arranged inside the water tank shell 9, a thermal insulation layer 10 is arranged between the water tank liner 11 and the water tank shell 9, and the water tank is provided with a water overflow port 12 and an exhaust port 13.

[0044] Preferably, the frame body comprises a support 15, a tail seat 16 and a bottom foot 17, the tail seat 16 is arranged at the bottom of the support 15, the bottom foot 17 is arranged at the bottom of the tail seat 16, and the thermal insulation container 18 and the vacuum tube are placed on the support 15.

[0045] Preferably, the vacuum tube comprises an outer glass tube 21 and an inner glass tube 24, the inner glass tube 24 is sleeved outside the heat pipe, the outer glass tube 21 is arranged outside the inner glass tube 24, and a vacuum layer 22 is arranged between the outer glass tube 21 and the inner glass tube 24, the outer glass tube 21 is provided with a rubber plug 19 at the connection position with the thermal insulation container 18, and the outer surface of the inner glass tube 24 is coated with an absorption coating 23.

[0046] Preferably, a light condensing reflection plate 30 is arranged below the vacuum tube. The light condensing reflection plate 30 reflects and converges solar energy, so that the heat collecting efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0047] Preferably, through the water temperature and water level sensor 14, the state of the water in the water tank can be known, so that the controller 8 controls the water valve 6 and the water pump 7, and whether the solar water heater is filled with water and the water filling speed can be controlled. Through the control of the controller 8 on the solar water heater, the temperature of the water flowing out from the cold end of the TEG chip 4 can be controlled within a certain range, about 50℃, and the hot water can be used for bathing, washing hands, soaking feet, kitchen vegetable washing, etc. At the same time, it can be set to manual mode or automatic mode according to the demand, the former can automatically adjust the residual water amount to automatically fill water or fill water at a fixed time, set the constant temperature of how many degrees, etc.; the latter can set a mode suitable for most people's water use habits according to big data.

[0048] A thermal voltage power generation system can be directly used for direct current electrical appliances or used on site as a distributed power system, or can convert direct current into alternating current and be used in a grid, comprising a grid-connected inverter 32, a distribution box 34 and a power-generating solar water heater, the TEG chip in the power-generating solar water heater is connected with the grid-connected inverter 32 through an electric wire 31, the grid-connected inverter 32 is electrically connected with the distribution box 34, the distribution box 34 is connected with a load 33 and a power grid 36, and a watt-hour meter 35 is arranged on the connecting line between the distribution box 34 and the power grid 36.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application, and all the changes shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar powered water heater that generates electricity, characterized by: The application relates to a cold water block (5), a water tank, a heat preservation container (18) and vacuum tubes, wherein the water tank is arranged above the heat preservation container (18), the cold water block (5) is arranged in the heat preservation container (18), a TEG chip (4) is attached to the outer wall of the cold water block (5), phase change material (26) is filled between the cold water block (5) and the heat preservation container (18), a plurality of groups of vacuum tubes are arranged side by side, the top of the vacuum tubes is fixedly connected with the heat preservation container (18), heat pipes are arranged in the vacuum tubes, a heat pipe condensing end (28) is arranged at the top of the heat pipes, the heat pipe condensing end (28) extends into the phase change material (26) in the heat preservation container (18), heat conducting fluid (20) is arranged in the heat pipes, the cold water block (5) is connected with a cold water block water inlet (2) extending out of the heat preservation container (18), a plurality of heat conducting members are arranged between the cold water block (5) and the water tank, a water temperature and water level sensor (14) is arranged in the water tank, the water temperature and water level sensor (14) is connected with a controller (8), and the vacuum tubes and the heat preservation container (18) are fixed by a frame body. The top of the cold water block (5) is communicated with the water tank through a cold water block water outlet (1), the heat conducting members are metal pipes (3), the top of the metal pipe (3) is in an open shape and extends into the water tank, the bottom of the metal pipe (3) is in a closed shape and extends into the cold water block (5), and a silica gel sealing ring (29) is arranged at the connection position of the metal pipe (3) and the water tank.

2. A solar-powered water heater as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The cold water block water inlet (2) is connected with a water source, a water valve (6) and a water pump (7) are arranged on the pipeline connected with the water source, and the water valve (6) and the water pump (7) are electrically connected with the controller (8).

3. A solar water heater that generates electricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat conducting members are copper heat pipes (25), one end of the copper heat pipe (25) is inserted into the cold water block (5), and the other end of the copper heat pipe (25) is inserted into the water tank.

4. A solar-powered water heater as claimed in claim 3, wherein: A water inlet and outlet (27) is arranged on the water tank, the water inlet and outlet (27) is connected with a water source, a water valve (6) and a water pump (7) are arranged on the pipeline connected with the water source, and the water valve (6) and the water pump (7) are electrically connected with the controller (8).

5. A solar water heater that generates electricity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank comprises a water tank shell (9) and a water tank inner container (11), the water tank inner container (11) is arranged in the water tank shell (9), a heat preservation layer (10) is arranged between the water tank inner container (11) and the water tank shell (9), a water overflow port (12) and an air exhaust port (13) are arranged on the water tank.

6. A solar-powered water heater as defined in claim 1, wherein: The frame body comprises a support (15), a tail seat (16) and a bottom foot (17), the tail seat (16) is arranged at the bottom of the support (15), the bottom foot (17) is arranged at the bottom of the tail seat (16), and the heat preservation container (18) and the vacuum tubes are placed on the support (15).

7. A solar water heater that generates electricity according to claim 1, wherein: The vacuum tube comprises an outer glass tube (21) and an inner glass tube (24), the inner glass tube (24) is sleeved outside the heat pipe, the outer glass tube (21) is arranged outside the inner glass tube (24), a vacuum interlayer (22) is formed between the outer glass tube (21) and the inner glass tube (24), a rubber plug (19) is arranged at the connecting position of the outer glass tube (21) and the heat preservation container (18), and the outer glass tube (24) is coated with an absorbing coating (23).

8. A solar-powered water heater as defined in claim 1, wherein: A light concentrating reflection plate (30) is arranged below the vacuum tube.

9. A thermovoltaic power system, characterized by: The solar water heater comprises a grid-connected inverter (32), a distribution box (34) and the solar water heater according to any one of claims 1-8, the TEG chip in the solar water heater is connected with the grid-connected inverter (32) through a wire (31), the grid-connected inverter (32) is electrically connected with the distribution box (34), the distribution box (34) is connected with a load (33) and a power grid (36), and a watt-hour meter (35) is arranged on the connecting line between the distribution box (34) and the power grid (36).

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