A surge protector satisfying T1, T2 and MSPD class technical requirements simultaneously

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of electrical protection, in particular to a surge protector satisfying T1, T2 and MSPD technical requirements simultaneously. The surge protector comprises a base and a plug-in module, the plug-in module is butted against the base, the base comprises a first wiring port, a second wiring port and a remote signaling port, the plug-in module comprises a pressure-sensitive resistor, a discharge tube, a tripping spring, a sliding plate, a spring, a pressure-sensitive tripping pin, a pressure-sensitive pin, a first pin and a second pin, the end of the tripping spring is butt-welded to the pressure-sensitive tripping pin, the sliding plate is limited in the tripping spring, the spring is connected to the sliding plate and exerts elastic tension, the first pin, the tripping spring, the pressure-sensitive tripping pin, the pressure-sensitive resistor, the pressure-sensitive pin, the discharge tube and the second pin are sequentially connected to form a loop, the first pin is butted against the first wiring port, the second pin is butted against the second wiring port, and the lower end of the sliding plate is pressure-welded to the remote signaling port. The pressure-sensitive resistor and the discharge tube are combined in series, and the surge protector has the characteristics of large current capacity, low residual voltage, no leakage current and no continuous current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical protection technology, and in particular to a surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional power surge protectors are designed according to T1, T2, and multi-pulse categories, resulting in poor product versatility. Traditional T1 and multi-pulse power surge protectors often adopt pure gap or pure voltage limiting structures, which have safety hazards such as follow current and leakage current, respectively. At the same time, they have high residual voltage and cannot meet the 1.5kV insulation withstand voltage requirement of terminal equipment. Traditional B+C class power surge protectors use B and C classes in parallel, and a decoupling device is required between the two classes to meet both the high current carrying capacity requirement of B class protection and the low residual voltage requirement of terminal equipment. However, this method has the disadvantages of high cost, large size, and unstable energy matching. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types, aiming to solve the problems of poor versatility and risks of follow current and leakage current in existing surge protector products.

[0004] This invention provides a surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types, including a base and a plug-in module. The plug-in module is connected to the base. The base includes a first wiring port, a second wiring port, and a remote signaling port. The plug-in module includes a varistor, a discharge tube, a trip spring, a sliding plate, a spring, a varistor trip pin, a varistor pin, a first pin, and a second pin. The end of the trip spring is aligned and welded to the varistor trip pin. The sliding plate is limited inside the trip spring. The spring connects to the sliding plate and applies an elastic pulling force to release the trip spring. The first pin, the trip spring, the varistor trip pin, the varistor, the varistor pin, the discharge tube, and the second pin are sequentially connected to form a circuit. The first pin is connected to the first wiring port, and the second pin is connected to the second wiring port. The lower end of the sliding plate is pressed against the remote signaling port.

[0005] As a further improvement of the present invention, the trip spring is a symmetrical bow-shaped structure. The middle end of the trip spring is fixed, and the two ends of the trip spring extend toward the pressure-sensitive trip pin and are welded to the front and back surfaces of the pressure-sensitive trip pin respectively to overcome the rebound force, forming a symmetrical double trip. The middle of the trip spring forms a limiting chamber, and the sliding plate is disposed in the limiting chamber and is sleeved on the pressure-sensitive trip pin.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper and lower ends of the slide plate are provided with sliders, the plug-in module is provided with a guide rail for guiding the slide plate to disengage from the release spring, the slider is movably connected to the guide rail, one end of the spring is fixed in the plug-in module, the other end of the spring is fixed on the slider, and the spring applies an elastic pulling force to the slide plate to move along the direction of the guide rail.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the slider at the lower end of the slide plate is provided with a top rod, and the base is provided with a sliding groove. The top rod is inserted into the sliding groove, and when the slide plate is limited, the top rod is pressed against the remote signaling port.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the remote signaling port includes a PCB board, a contact switch, and a terminal block. The contact switch and the terminal block are both mounted on the PCB board. When the slide is limited, the top rod presses against the contact switch.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the plug-in module includes an alarm indicator and a torsion spring. The torsion spring is connected to the alarm indicator. When the slide is limited, the lower swing arm of the alarm indicator abuts against the slider at the upper end of the slide, and the torsion spring applies a reset elastic torque to the alarm indicator.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the alarm indicator is provided with an indicator block, the indicator block is connected to the upper swing arm of the alarm indicator, the plug-in module is provided with an alarm indicator window, and when the slide is limited, the indicator block blocks the alarm indicator window.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the length of the pressure-sensitive tripping pin covers the sliding trajectory of the slide plate.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first pin and the second pin are plug-in pins located at the bottom of the plug-in module. The corresponding positions of the first wiring port and the second wiring port on the base are provided with port slots, and the plug-in pins are connected to the port slots by a snap-fit ​​connection.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first pin and the second pin are module pins located at the bottom of the plug-in module. The corresponding positions of the first wiring port and the second wiring port on the base are provided with port holes. The module pins and the port holes are connected to each other by fasteners.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by adopting a composite structure of varistor series discharge tubes, the product features large current capacity, low residual voltage, no leakage current, and no follow current. The product conforms to the technical specifications of T1, T2, and multi-pulse power surge protectors; at the same time, due to the absence of leakage current and follow current, it has high safety, solving the safety hazards caused by leakage current and follow current in traditional products where different levels of surge protectors with different test types are selected. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the high-current surge protector of the present invention under normal conditions;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the high-current surge protector of the present invention in the tripped state;

[0017] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the high-current surge protector of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 This is an overall structural diagram of the first docking method between the base and the plug-in module in this invention;

[0019] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the structure of the first docking method between the base and the plug-in module in this invention;

[0020] Figure 6 This is an overall structural diagram of the second docking method between the base and the plug-in module in this invention;

[0021] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the structure of the second docking method between the base and the plug-in module in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a surge protector of the present invention that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD (Multi-Pulse SPD) includes a base 1 and a plug-in module 2. The plug-in module 2 is mated to the base 1. The base 1 includes a first wiring port 11, a second wiring port 12, and a remote signaling port 13. The plug-in module 2 includes a varistor 3, a discharge tube 4, a trip spring 5, a sliding plate 6, a spring 7, a varistor trip pin 31, a varistor pin 32, a first pin 21, a second pin 22, and a trip spring. The end of 5 is welded to the varistor release pin 31. The slide plate 6 is limited inside the release spring 5. The spring 7 connects to the slide plate 6 and applies an elastic pulling force to release the release spring 5. The first pin 21, the release spring 5, the varistor release pin 31, the varistor 3, the varistor pin 32, the discharge tube 4, and the second pin 22 are connected in sequence to form a circuit. The first pin 21 is connected to the first terminal 11, and the second pin 22 is connected to the second terminal 12. The lower end of the slide plate 6 is pressed onto the remote signaling port 13.

[0024] In this surge protector, varistor 3 is connected in series with discharge tube 4. Under the Uc voltage, varistor 3 will generate a continuous small leakage current (μA level), which will cause varistor 3 to heat up and deteriorate, shortening the life cycle of the surge protector. After varistor 3 is connected in series with discharge tube 4, since discharge tube 4 does not operate under the Uc voltage and is in an open circuit state, the entire surge protector cannot form a current loop, thus achieving the effect of zero leakage current.

[0025] Compared to the ordinary varistor-limiting structure, the composite structure of varistor 3 connected in series with discharge tube 4 can use a lower varistor voltage to achieve a low residual voltage effect under the same maximum continuous operating voltage Uc.

[0026] Meanwhile, after the internal gas of the discharge tube 4 breaks down and discharges under surge impact, a high-energy arc follow current is formed inside it. In AC voltage systems, this follow current can be interrupted at zero-crossing point of the sinusoidal wave, but the magnitude of the follow current interrupted by its own zero-crossing is limited, usually below 100A. In DC voltage systems, due to the voltage characteristics of DC power, there is no follow current interruption at zero-crossing point, so the discharge tube 4 type surge protector is generally not used in DC power supply and distribution systems. The varistor 3 is connected in series with the discharge tube 4. Due to the voltage characteristics of the varistor 3, after the surge discharge, the voltage across the surge protector drops rapidly to its Uc voltage, and the varistor 3 returns to its high impedance state, approximately open circuit, so that the arc inside the discharge tube 4 cannot form an effective current loop, achieving zero follow current.

[0027] The trip spring 5 has a symmetrical bow-shaped structure. The middle end of the trip spring 5 is fixed. The two ends of the trip spring 5 extend towards the pressure-sensitive trip pin 31 and are welded to the front and back surfaces of the pressure-sensitive trip pin 31 respectively to overcome the rebound force, forming a symmetrical double trip. The middle of the trip spring 5 forms a limiting chamber. The slide plate 6 is set in the limiting chamber and is sleeved on the pressure-sensitive trip pin 31.

[0028] The bottom center of the slide plate 6 has a slot, and the varistor-sensitive trip pin 31 is fitted into the slot of the slide plate 6. The slide plate 6 and the varistor-sensitive trip pin 31 are staggered in height with a gap, and they do not contact each other. The design of fitting the slide plate 6 onto the varistor-sensitive trip pin 31 under normal conditions is mainly to prevent the varistor-sensitive trip pin 31 from deforming after being impacted by surge, which would prevent the slide plate 6 from effectively tripping. When the slide plate 6 is fitted, even if the end of the varistor-sensitive trip pin 31 deforms, it will not obstruct the sliding path of the slide plate 6 when it trips.

[0029] The two are not in contact; there is a gap between them. The main function of the pressure-sensitive trip pin 31, which is fitted inside the slot of the slide plate 6, is to prevent the pin from deforming after a surge, which could cause the slide plate to fail to trip effectively.

[0030] When the two ends of the trip spring 5 are soldered to the varistor trip pin 31, the trip spring 5 and the varistor 3 form a series structure, which conducts the entire circuit. At this time, the slide plate 6 is restricted inside the trip spring 5, and the spring 7 applies an elastic pulling force to the slide plate 6 in the direction of the soldering position of the trip spring 5. When the soldering point of the trip spring 5 is hit by a large surge and reaches the melting point and breaks, the slide plate 6 will slide towards the opening of the trip spring 5 under the action of the spring 7, so that the slide plate 6 disconnects from the remote signaling port 13 and triggers the alarm signal.

[0031] The trip spring 5 in the surge protector is designed with a large current double trip structure and adopts a symmetrical trip spring 5, which can effectively offset the tearing force caused by the electrical stress on the trip welding point during a large current surge impact, so that the surge protector can withstand greater surge impact.

[0032] The slide plate 6 has sliders 61 at both its upper and lower ends. The plug-in module 2 has a guide rail 62 that guides the slide plate 6 to disengage from the trip spring 5. The sliders 61 are movably connected to the guide rail 62. One end of the spring 7 is fixed inside the plug-in module 2, and the other end of the spring 7 is fixed to the slider 61. The spring 7 applies an elastic pulling force to the slide plate 6, causing it to move along the direction of the guide rail 62. Through the cooperation between the slider 61 and the guide rail 62, the slide plate 6 can move in a specified direction under the action of the spring 7 after it is released from the limit. The direction of movement of the slider 61 should avoid being blocked by the released trip spring 5, and should also disconnect the slider 61 from the remote signaling port 13. At the same time, it should also disconnect the limit block on the alarm indicator 8, so that when the trip spring 5 is subjected to a large surge impact and rebounds, the slide plate 6 can react quickly and trigger a warning.

[0033] A push rod 63 is provided on the slider 61 at the lower end of the slide plate 6. A groove 14 is provided on the base 1. The push rod 63 is inserted into the groove 14. When the slide plate 6 is limited, the push rod 63 is pressed against the remote signaling port 13. The push rod 63 can slide in the groove 14. Under the normal state of the surge protector, the slide plate 6 is limited in the trip spring 5. At this time, the push rod 63 is pressed against the remote signaling port 13. When subjected to a surge, the trip spring 5 is disengaged, and the slide plate 6 slides in the specified direction under the action of the spring 7. At this time, the push rod 63 also slides along the groove 14 from one end to the other, away from the remote signaling port 13. After the remote signaling port 13 disconnects from the push rod 63, an alarm signal is issued.

[0034] The remote signaling port 13 includes a PCB board, a contact switch, and a terminal block. Both the contact switch and the terminal block are mounted on the PCB board. When the slide plate 6 is in the limit position, the push rod 63 presses against the contact switch. Under normal conditions, the push rod 63 of the slide plate 6 presses against the contact switch, keeping it in the open state. When subjected to a surge, the push rod 63 slides away, and the contact switch is closed. At this time, the PCB board sends a trigger signal through the terminal block to an external alarm device to issue an alarm.

[0035] The plug-in module 2 includes an alarm indicator 8 and a torsion spring 9. The torsion spring 9 is connected to the alarm indicator 8. When the slide plate 6 is limited, the lower swing arm 81 of the alarm indicator 8 presses against the slider 61 at the upper end of the slide plate 6, and the torsion spring 9 applies a reset elastic torque to the alarm indicator 8. In the normal state of the surge protector, while the slide plate 6 is limited within the trip spring 5, the slider 61 at its upper end just supports the lower swing arm 81 of the alarm indicator 8. At this time, the torsion spring 9 is in a torsional state, so that the alarm indicator 8 maintains an elastic torque that is about to be reset and rotated. When the surge protector is subjected to a surge, the slide plate 6 moves away, the lower swing arm 81 of the alarm indicator 8 loses support and resets under the action of the elastic torque. The position of the alarm indicator 8 can be observed to determine whether the trip spring 5 inside the surge protector has been disconnected.

[0036] The alarm indicator 8 is equipped with an indicator stop 83, which is connected to the upper swing arm 82 of the alarm indicator 8. The plug-in module 2 is equipped with an alarm indicator window 23. When the slide plate 6 is limited, the indicator stop 83 blocks the alarm indicator window 23. The status of the surge protector is determined by observing whether the alarm indicator window 23 is blocked by the indicator stop 83. If the alarm indicator window 23 is not blocked, it indicates that the trip spring 5 has been disconnected, the slide plate 6 has been displaced, and the alarm indicator 8 has been reset, thus serving as a visual alarm method.

[0037] Through the linkage design of alarm indicator 8, slide plate 6, and contact switch, the surge protector provides alarm reminders in multiple ways when it receives a surge impact, and reminds users that the surge protector is in a tripped state.

[0038] The length of the varistor release pin 31 covers the sliding path of the slide plate 6. When the slide plate 6 is displaced, it can move along the varistor release pin 31 and cover the varistor release pin 31, separating the contact between the release spring 5 and the varistor release pin 31.

[0039] The working principle of this surge protector is as follows:

[0040] In normal condition: the first pin 21-trip spring 5 is soldered-varistor 31-varistor 3-varistor 32-discharge tube 4-second pin 22 are connected in sequence by soldering to form a circuit. The ends of the trip spring 5 are connected together. At the same time, the slide plate 6 is restricted to the set position by the trip spring 5. The alarm indicator 8 is restricted to the set position by the slide plate 6. The indicator block 83 blocks the alarm indicator window 23. The top rod 63 at the lower end of the slide plate 6 is pressed against the contact switch on the base 1.

[0041] In the tripped state: When the surge energy exceeds the surge current of the surge protector or the surge protector carries a large current, causing the heat generated on the varistor 3 to reach the melting point of the trip solder, the solder loses its strength, the two ends of the trip spring 5 are released under their own elasticity, the slide plate 6 loses its limit and slides to the right under the tension of the spring 7, the top rod 63 of the slide plate 6 separates from the contact switch on the base 1 to realize remote signal alarm, at the same time the alarm indicator 8 loses its limit and rotates counterclockwise under the elastic force of the torsion spring 9, the indicator block 83 disengages from the alarm indicator window 23 to realize visual indicator window alarm.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, as a docking method between the base 1 and the plug-in module 2, the first pin 21 and the second pin 22 are plug-in pins 24 located at the bottom of the plug-in module 2. The corresponding positions of the first wiring port 11 and the second wiring port 12 on the base 1 are provided with port slots 15, and the plug-in pins 24 and the port slots 15 are connected by a snap-fit.

[0043] The connection method using the pluggable pin 24 to the base 1 is a common method for surge protectors. Combined with the internal structure of this surge protector, it can provide circuit protection against surges up to 100kA. However, when the surge is greater than 100kA, the pluggable structure is prone to arcing due to small-gap discharge, which may damage the surge protector and prevent it from providing reliable protection for its entire lifespan. Therefore, this invention provides another, better connection method.

[0044] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, as another way of docking the base 1 and the plug-in module 2, the first pin 21 and the second pin 22 are module pins 25 set at the bottom of the plug-in module 2. The corresponding positions of the first wiring port 11 and the second wiring port 12 on the base 1 are provided with port holes. The module pins 25 and the port holes are connected to each other through fasteners 27.

[0045] The two sides of the plug-in module 2 can be designed as protrusions 26 for placing fasteners 27. The corresponding base 1 can be designed with grooves 16 that mate with the protrusions 26. The protrusions 26 and grooves 16 can be used to position and connect the plug-in module 2 to the base 1, and then the fasteners 27 can be used to lock it in place. The module pins 25 can be set at the bottom of the protrusions 26. When connected, the module pins 25 can be inserted into the port holes, so that the first pin 21 and the second pin 22 can make contact and conduction with the first wiring port 11 and the second wiring port 12, respectively, and then the connection can be reinforced by the fasteners 27.

[0046] This locking structure uses a locking screw on the plug-in module 2 to lock it to the base 1. After the plug-in module 2 is inserted into the base 1 and the screw is tightened, the module pin 25 located at the lower end of the plug-in module 2 makes firm contact with the terminal electrode of the base 1 on the base 1, forming an electrical connection. Installing or replacing the module only requires loosening the screw, making the operation simple and convenient.

[0047] This surge protector achieves thermal equilibrium during surge impacts through the current-carrying capacity of the varistor 3 and the discharge tube 4, as well as the structural layout of the tripping point. It meets the technical requirements of various power surge protectors, including Class TI, Class T2, and multi-pulse SPD types. Specifically, Class T1 surges have longer waveforms and higher surge energy; Class T2 surges have shorter waveforms and relatively lower surge energy; and multi-pulse SPDs have more surge impacts and shorter intervals, resulting in greater accumulated surge energy. Compared to surge protectors of similar specifications and dimensions on the market, this surge protector can withstand greater surge energy, thus simultaneously meeting the requirements of Class TI, Class T2, and multi-pulse surge protection. This product features high current-carrying capacity, low voltage protection level, no leakage current, and no follow current, while also meeting the technical and application requirements of current Class B, Class B+C, Class C, and multi-pulse power surge protectors on the market.

[0048] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD classes, characterized in that, The device includes a base and a plug-in module. The plug-in module is mated to the base. The base includes a first wiring port, a second wiring port, and a remote signaling port. The plug-in module includes a varistor, a discharge tube, a trip spring, a sliding plate, a spring, a varistor trip pin, a varistor pin, a first pin, and a second pin. The end of the trip spring is aligned and welded to the varistor trip pin. The sliding plate is limited inside the trip spring. The spring is connected to the sliding plate and applies an elastic pulling force to release the trip spring. The first pin, the trip spring, the varistor trip pin, the varistor, the varistor pin, the discharge tube, and the second pin are sequentially connected to form a circuit. The first pin is mated to the first wiring port, and the second pin is mated to the second wiring port. The lower end of the sliding plate is pressed against the remote signaling port. The trip spring has a symmetrical bow-shaped structure. The middle end of the trip spring is fixed, and the two ends of the trip spring extend towards the pressure-sensitive trip pin and are welded to the front and back surfaces of the pressure-sensitive trip pin respectively to overcome the rebound force, forming a symmetrical double trip. The middle of the trip spring forms a limiting chamber, and the sliding plate is set in the limiting chamber and is sleeved on the pressure-sensitive trip pin.

2. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and lower ends of the slide plate are provided with sliders. The plug-in module is provided with a guide rail to guide the slide plate to disengage from the release spring. The slider is movably connected to the guide rail. One end of the spring is fixed in the plug-in module, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the slider. The spring applies an elastic pulling force to the slide plate to move along the direction of the guide rail.

3. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slider at the lower end of the slide plate is provided with a top rod, and the base is provided with a sliding groove. The top rod is inserted into the sliding groove, and when the slide plate is limited, the top rod is pressed against the remote signaling port.

4. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 3, characterized in that, The remote signaling port includes a PCB board, a contact switch, and a terminal block. The contact switch and the terminal block are both mounted on the PCB board. When the slide is limited, the top rod presses against the contact switch.

5. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plug-in module includes an alarm indicator and a torsion spring. The torsion spring is connected to the alarm indicator. When the slide is limited, the lower arm of the alarm indicator abuts against the slider at the upper end of the slide, and the torsion spring applies a reset elastic torque to the alarm indicator.

6. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 5, characterized in that, The alarm indicator is provided with an indicator block, which is connected to the upper swing arm of the alarm indicator. The plug-in module is provided with an alarm indicator window. When the slide is limited, the indicator block blocks the alarm indicator window.

7. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the pressure-sensitive trip pin covers the sliding trajectory of the slide plate.

8. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second pins are plug-in pins located at the bottom of the plug-in module. The corresponding positions of the first and second wiring ports on the base are provided with port slots, and the plug-in pins are connected to the port slots by a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

9. The surge protector that simultaneously meets the technical requirements of T1, T2, and MSPD types according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first and second pins are module pins located at the bottom of the plug-in module. The first and second wiring ports on the base are provided with port holes at corresponding positions. The module pins and port holes are connected to each other by fasteners.

Images