A sanding device and its air duct control logic

Abstract

The application discloses a sanding device and a wind channel control logic thereof, and relates to the technical field of rail transit. The sanding device comprises a sand box, wherein the side of the sand box is provided with a sand box observation window, a sand turning assembly and a sand level meter; the bottom of the sand box is provided with a sanding device, the lower part of the sanding device is provided with a sand outlet, the sand outlet is communicated with a sanding rubber pipe; the two sides of the sanding device are respectively provided with a normal air outlet and a one-way valve, the one-way valve is communicated with a sanding air outlet. Compared with the traditional sanding device, the combination design of the sand turning assembly and the sanding device can effectively turn and disperse the sand particles, so that the sand particles can be more uniformly distributed in the target area, and the uniformity and consistency of the sand particle distribution are improved. The wind channel control logic of the sanding device is realized through the operation of the electromagnetic valve, the working time and sequence of the sanding air path and the normal air path can be flexibly controlled according to the needs, and the sanding effect is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of rail transit technology, and specifically relates to a sanding device and a logic for controlling an air duct thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A sanding device is used in a rail vehicle to spray sand stored in a sand tank to a wheel set and a rail to increase adhesion and prevent wheel set from slipping and idling when starting and braking in heavy load or bad weather, thereby ensuring safe operation of the vehicle.

[0003] The sanding device is connected to the rail vehicle through two independent air supply pipes, one of which is used for sanding and sprays high-pressure air through a sanding air outlet, and the other of which is used for drying sand and supplies air through a normal air outlet. During sanding, the sanding air outlet delivers high-pressure air to a sand stirring nozzle and a sanding nozzle, the sand stirring nozzle stirs up sand in a sand chamber, and the sanding nozzle blows out the stirred sand.

[0004] However, the existing sanding device has some problems. First, when sanding stops, the pipe delivering high-pressure air generates negative pressure, the sand stirring nozzle contacts the stirred sand, and the sand is sucked into and clogs the sand stirring nozzle. Although a one-way valve is added in the prior art to prevent negative pressure, the problem is not completely solved.

[0005] Secondly, the normal air outlet provides normal air to continuously blow out high-pressure gas to prevent sand from caking, but when the normal air outlet stops working, the contacted sand will clog the normal air outlet.

[0006] In addition, the sand discharged from the sanding device is delivered to the wheel set and the rail through a rubber pipe, and after sanding stops, the residual sand in the rubber pipe will accumulate, which may cause sand to cake and clog, affecting the safety of train operation.

[0007] The sand tank of the existing sanding device is usually designed with an observation window for visually observing the sand level. However, due to the special fluidity of sand, a reverse conical sand surface is formed in the sand tank during sanding, which blocks the observation window, making it difficult to observe the actual sand level and easily leading to misjudgment.

[0008] The sand tank of the existing sanding device is also installed with a sand level sensor, but due to the special fluidity of sand, false reports often occur, affecting the safe operation of the locomotive.

[0009] Therefore, the present application provides a sanding device and a logic for controlling an air duct thereof to solve one or more problems in the above background. SUMMARY

[0010] The present application aims to provide a sanding device and a logic for controlling an air duct thereof to solve at least one aspect of the problems and defects in the above background.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, a sand spreading device is provided, comprising a sand box,

[0012] The side of the sand box is equipped with a sand box observation window, a sand turning assembly, and a sand level gauge;

[0013] The bottom of the sand box is equipped with a sand spreader, and the lower part of the sand spreader is equipped with a sand outlet, which is connected to a sand spreading rubber tube;

[0014] The sand spreader is provided with a constant air inlet and a one-way valve on both sides, and the one-way valve is connected to the sand spreading air inlet.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the sand-turning assembly is located below the sand box observation window, and includes a sand-turning seat installed inside the sand box, a sand-turning nozzle installed on the sand-turning seat, and a control box installed outside the sand box.

[0016] The sand-making base is equipped with a sand-making air passage, which is connected to the sand-making nozzle and the sand-making air inlet on the control box. The sand-making air inlet is connected to a high-pressure gas duct, and the control box is equipped with a pneumatic mechanical switch.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the sand spreader is provided with a seventh air duct and a fifth air duct that are interconnected inside. The seventh air duct is connected to the constant air outlet. A sixth air duct is provided between the seventh air duct and the fifth air duct. The seventh air duct is connected to the sixth air duct through an adjusting nozzle. The sixth air duct is connected to the sand box through a copper filter plug.

[0018] The sand spreader is provided with a fourth air duct, a third air duct, a first air duct, a second air duct and a sand spreading air duct in sequence along the wind direction. The first air duct is connected to a one-way valve, and the sand spreading air duct is connected to a first sand spreading nozzle and a second sand spreading nozzle.

[0019] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the seventh air duct is connected in sequence with the eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh air ducts along the wind direction, and the eleventh air duct is connected to the sand outlet.

[0020] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the ninth air duct is provided with a constriction plug, the constriction plug is connected to one end of the ninth air duct by a spring, and the other end of the ninth air duct is also provided with a rear air nozzle.

[0021] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the eleventh air duct is inclined downward along the direction of the sand outlet, and the sand-turning nozzle is installed inclined upward.

[0022] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the copper filter plug is made of sintered metal powder, and the sand-casting nozzle is made of sintered metal powder.

[0023] A duct control logic for a sand spreading device, using the aforementioned sand spreading device, the duct control logic includes the following steps:

[0024] a. When the solenoid valve controlling the sand-spraying air path stops, the solenoid valve controlling the normal air path immediately activates for 3 to 30 seconds. At this time, some high-pressure air rushes into the back blow nozzle and is then blown out through the eleventh air duct to the sand-spraying rubber tube. Meanwhile, another part of the high-pressure air enters the first sand-spraying nozzle, the second sand-stirring nozzle, and the copper filter plug through the seventh air duct.

[0025] b. When the sand-spreading air path is not working, the solenoid valve controlling the normal air path will operate for 1 to 3 minutes at fixed time points to perform the function of step a above at regular intervals;

[0026] c. When the above control logic overlaps, step a takes precedence over step b, and step b will be executed at the next time point.

[0027] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the high-pressure air introduced through the constant air inlet enters the sand-spreading air duct, the first sand-spreading nozzle, and the second sand-stirring nozzle in sequence after passing through the internal air duct. Alternatively, the constant air inlet can be connected to the sand-spreading air inlet outside the sand spreader, and the flow rate can be adjusted by installing an adjusting nozzle inside the constant air inlet, so that the two air paths are merged into one.

[0028] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the sand level gauge is installed at the sand level to be detected in the sand box. The horizontal distance of the sand level gauge extending into the sand box is d. The sand particles in the sand box are scattered out by the sand spreader. The horizontal distance from the lowest point of the inverted cone formed by the sand dropper to the wall of the sand box where the sand level sensor is installed is H, and H / 2≤d.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. Compared with traditional sand spreading devices, this solution, through the combined design of the sand turning assembly and the sand spreader, can effectively turn and disperse sand particles, making them more evenly spread on the target area, thus improving the uniformity and consistency of sand particle distribution; the air duct system inside the sand spreader includes components such as adjusting nozzles and copper filter plugs, which can control the flow and pressure of high-pressure air, effectively preventing sand particles from clogging and accumulating in the nozzles, reducing equipment maintenance and cleaning work.

[0031] 2. This solution introduces a sand level gauge, which can reliably detect the sand level. Through the data feedback from the sand level gauge, operators can accurately judge the sand level in the sand box and make timely adjustments and controls, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of sand spreading.

[0032] 3. The air duct control logic of the sand spreader is realized through the operation of the solenoid valve. The working time and sequence of the sand spreading air duct and the constant air duct can be flexibly controlled as needed to ensure the sand spreading effect and to dry the sand particles and prevent blockage according to specific conditions. At the same time, the metal powder sintering material and adjustable air duct technology used in this solution make the maintenance and upkeep of the equipment more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a sand spreading device;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the air duct of a sand spreader in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sand spreader in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A sectional view along the B direction;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of a sand level gauge in the prior art;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the sand level gauge in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sand casting assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Sand box; 2. Sand box observation window; 3. Sand turning assembly; 4. Sand spreader; 5. Sand spreading rubber hose; 6. Sand level gauge; 7. Normal air outlet; 8. One-way valve; 9. Sand spreading air outlet; 10. Sand outlet; 11. Sand level sensor; 31. Pneumatic mechanical switch; 32. Control box; 33. Sand turning air inlet; 34. Sand turning nozzle; 35. Sand turning base; 36. Sand turning air duct; 401. First air... 402. Second air duct; 403. Third air duct; 404. Fourth air duct; 405. Fifth air duct; 406. Copper filter plug; 407. Sixth air duct; 408. Adjusting nozzle; 409. Seventh air duct; 410. Eighth air duct; 411. Shrinkage plug; 412. Spring; 413. Ninth air duct; 414. Rear blow nozzle; 415. Tenth air duct; 416. Eleventh air duct. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In this specification, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall inventive concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the sand-spreading device of the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth for ease of explanation to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments disclosed herein. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and apparatuses are illustrated to simplify the figures.

[0045] According to an overall technical concept of the present invention, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, a sand spreading device is provided, including a sand box 1. The side of the sand box 1 is provided with a sand box observation window 2, a sand turning assembly 3, and a sand level gauge 6. Through the combined design of the sand box observation window 2, the sand turning assembly 3, and the sand level gauge 6, accurate control and adjustment of sand particle distribution can be achieved. A sand spreader 4 is provided at the bottom of the sand box 1. The lower part of the sand spreader 4 is provided with a sand outlet 10. The sand outlet 10 is connected to a sand spreading rubber tube 5. Through reasonable air duct layout and control, sand particle blockage can be effectively prevented and sand spreading can be kept smooth. The two sides of the sand spreader 4 are respectively provided with a constant air outlet 7 and a one-way valve 8. The one-way valve 8 is connected to a sand spreading air outlet 9 to control the high-pressure air flow.

[0046] Preferably, the sand-sifting assembly 3 is located below the sand box observation window 2. It consists of a sand-sifting base 35 installed inside the sand box 1, a sand-sifting nozzle 34 installed on the sand-sifting base 35, and a control box 32 installed outside the sand box 1. The sand-sifting base 35 is provided with a sand-sifting air passage 36, which is connected to the sand-sifting nozzle 34 and the sand-sifting air inlet 33 on the control box 32. The sand-sifting air inlet 33 is connected to a high-pressure gas duct. The control box 32 is provided with a pneumatic mechanical switch 31.

[0047] By manually pressing the pneumatic mechanical switch 31, high-pressure gas can also be controlled to be sprayed from the sand-turning nozzle 34. When the high-pressure gas enters the sand-turning air passage 36 of the sand-turning seat 35 through the sand-turning air inlet 33, the sand particles are turned and stirred by the spray from the sand-turning nozzle 34, thereby achieving uniform distribution of sand particles.

[0048] Furthermore, the sand spreader 4 is provided with a seventh air duct 409 and a fifth air duct 405 that are interconnected. The seventh air duct 409 is connected to the constant air outlet 7. A sixth air duct 407 is provided between the seventh air duct 409 and the fifth air duct 405. The seventh air duct 409 is connected to the sixth air duct 407 through an adjusting nozzle 408. The sixth air duct 407 is connected to the sand box 1 through a copper filter plug 406.

[0049] The sand spreader 4 is equipped with a fourth air duct 404, a third air duct 403, a first air duct 401, a second air duct 402, and a sand spreading air duct, arranged sequentially along the wind direction. The first air duct 401 is connected to a one-way valve 8. The sand spreading air duct is connected to a first sand spreading nozzle and a second sand spreading nozzle. The seventh air duct 409 is connected sequentially along the wind direction to an eighth air duct 410, a ninth air duct 413, a tenth air duct 415, and an eleventh air duct 416. The eleventh air duct 416 is connected to the sand outlet 10. The ninth air duct 413 is equipped with a constriction plug 411, which is connected to one end of the ninth air duct 413 by a spring 412. The other end of the ninth air duct 413 is also equipped with a rear air nozzle 414.

[0050] The high-pressure air entering the seventh air duct 409 from the normal air inlet 7 is split in two: one path enters the eighth air duct 410 (for back blowing), and the other path enters the regulating nozzle 408 (to prevent blockage). When the sand spreader 4 stops spreading sand, that is, when the sand spreading air inlet 9 stops supplying air, the high-pressure air entering from the normal air inlet 7 is instantly directed to the sand spreading nozzle, the sand stirring nozzle, the copper filter plug 406, and the back blowing nozzle 414.

[0051] The airflow entering the regulating nozzle 408 splits into two, and is conveyed in the following order:

[0052] I. Regular air outlet 7 → Seventh air duct 409 → Adjustable air nozzle 408 (orifice diameter 0.1mm~0.3mm, using orifice diameter to control the flow of high-pressure air, preventing sand particles from being sucked in and blocked by the slight positive pressure of the air duct without causing sand spreading effect) → Sixth air duct 407 → Fifth air duct 405 → Fourth air duct 404 → Third air duct 403 → Second air duct 402 → Sand spreading air duct → First sand spreading nozzle → Second sand spreading nozzle;

[0053] II. Regular air inlet 7 → Seventh air duct 409 → Adjusting nozzle 408 → Sixth air duct 407 → Copper filter element plug 406 (The original design was that the regular air inlet 7 would contact the sand particles and blow out high-pressure air to prevent the sand particles from caking. However, the regular air inlet 7 stopped working and became clogged by the sand particles that could easily come into contact with it. Now, a filter element made of sintered metal powder is used as a replacement, which can effectively prevent sand particles from entering while allowing air to pass through).

[0054] The airflow entering the eighth air duct 410 is transported through the internal air ducts and components in the following order:

[0055] Air inlet 7 → Seventh air duct 409 → Eighth air duct 410 → Ninth air duct 413 (Air duct 9 is designed with a spring-loaded plug 411, which can adjust the flow rate by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the air duct) → Rear blower nozzle 414 (orifice diameter is 1.5mm~2.0mm, which further controls the flow rate) → Tenth air duct 415 → Eleventh air duct 416 (high-pressure air is blown obliquely downward along the direction of sand outlet 10 to sand spraying rubber hose 5 to achieve the purpose of cleaning the sand pipe)

[0056] Since the rear air nozzle 414 is connected to the constant air inlet 7 and is only used to clean the sand pipe when sand spreading stops, continuous operation would consume a large amount of air, inevitably causing the rail vehicle compressor to start frequently, affecting its lifespan, and resulting in unnecessary air and energy consumption. Therefore, for rail vehicles that require the rear air function, while ensuring the function of drying sand particles with constant air, the following control logic should be followed simultaneously (if this function is not required, it can be turned off by the plug 411):

[0057] a. When the solenoid valve controlling the sand-spreading air path stops, the solenoid valve controlling the normal air path immediately activates for 3 to 30 seconds. At this time, some high-pressure air rushes into the back blow nozzle 414 and is then blown out through the eleventh air duct 416 to the sand-spreading rubber tube 5. Meanwhile, another part of the high-pressure air enters the first sand-spreading nozzle, the second sand-stirring nozzle, and the copper filter plug 406 through the seventh air duct 409, which serves to prevent blockage and allow sand particles to enter and dry.

[0058] b. When the sand-spreading air path is not working, the solenoid valve controlling the normal air path will operate for 1 to 3 minutes at fixed time points to perform the function of step a above at regular intervals;

[0059] c. When the above control logic overlaps, step a takes precedence over step b, and step b will be executed at the next time point.

[0060] The high-pressure air introduced through the constant air inlet 7 enters the sand-spreading air duct, the first sand-spreading nozzle, and the second sand-stirring nozzle in sequence after passing through the internal air duct. Alternatively, the constant air inlet 7 can be connected to the sand-spreading air inlet 9 outside the sand spreader 4, and the flow rate can be adjusted by installing the regulating nozzle 408 inside the constant air inlet 7, so that the two air paths are merged into one.

[0061] The sand level gauge 6 is installed at the sand level to be detected in the sand box 1. The horizontal distance of the sand level gauge 6 extending into the sand box 1 is d. The sand particles in the sand box 1 are scattered out by the sand spreader 4. The horizontal distance from the lowest point of the inverted cone formed by the sand particles to the wall of the sand box 1 where the sand level sensor 11 is installed is H, where H / 2≤d.

[0062] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sand spreading device, comprising a sand box, characterized in that: The side of the sand box is equipped with a sand box observation window, a sand turning assembly, and a sand level gauge; The bottom of the sand box is equipped with a sand spreader, and the lower part of the sand spreader is equipped with a sand outlet, which is connected to a sand spreading rubber tube; The sand spreader is provided with a normal air inlet and a one-way valve on both sides. The one-way valve is connected to the sand spreading air inlet, and the normal air inlet is connected to the seventh air duct. The sand spreader has three connected air ducts inside. A ventilation path includes a seventh ventilation duct, an adjusting nozzle, a sixth ventilation duct, a fifth ventilation duct, a fourth ventilation duct, a third ventilation duct, a first ventilation duct, a second ventilation duct, and a sand-spraying ventilation duct connected in sequence. The first ventilation duct is connected to a one-way valve, and the sand-spraying ventilation duct is connected to a first sand-spraying nozzle and a second sand-spraying nozzle. A ventilation path includes a seventh ventilation duct, an adjusting nozzle, a sixth ventilation duct, and a copper filter plug connected in sequence. The sixth ventilation duct is connected to the sand box through the copper filter plug. A ventilation path includes a seventh ventilation duct, an eighth ventilation duct, a ninth ventilation duct, a rear air nozzle, a tenth ventilation duct, and an eleventh ventilation duct connected in sequence. The eleventh ventilation duct is connected to the sand outlet. The ninth ventilation duct is equipped with a constriction plug, and the constriction plug is connected to one end of the ninth ventilation duct by a spring.

2. The sand-spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand-turning assembly is located below the sand box observation window and includes a sand-turning base installed inside the sand box, a sand-turning nozzle installed on the sand-turning base, and a control box installed outside the sand box. The sand-making base is equipped with a sand-making air passage, which is connected to the sand-making nozzle and the sand-making air inlet on the control box. The sand-making air inlet is connected to a high-pressure gas duct, and the control box is equipped with a pneumatic mechanical switch.

3. The sand-spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The eleventh air duct is inclined downward along the direction of the sand outlet, and the sand-turning nozzle is installed inclined upward.

4. The sand-spreading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The copper filter plug is made of sintered metal powder, and the sand-casting nozzle is also made of sintered metal powder.

5. A method for controlling the air duct of a sand spreading device, characterized in that, Using the sand spreading device as described in any one of claims 1-4 The air duct control logic includes the following steps: a. When the solenoid valve controlling the sand-spraying air path stops, the solenoid valve controlling the normal air path immediately activates for 3 to 30 seconds. At this time, some high-pressure air rushes into the back blow nozzle and is then blown out through the eleventh air duct to the sand-spraying rubber tube. Meanwhile, another part of the high-pressure air enters the first sand-spraying nozzle, the second sand-stirring nozzle, and the copper filter plug through the seventh air duct. b. When the sand-spreading air path is not working, the solenoid valve controlling the normal air path will operate for 1 to 3 minutes at fixed time points to perform the function of step a above at regular intervals; c. When the above control logic overlaps, step a takes precedence over step b, and step b will be executed at the next time point.

6. The air duct control method for the sand spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-pressure air introduced through the constant air inlet passes through the internal air duct and then sequentially enters the sand-spreading air duct, the first sand-spreading nozzle, and the second sand-stirring nozzle. Alternatively, the constant air inlet can be connected to the sand-spreading air inlet outside the sand spreader, and the flow rate can be adjusted by installing a regulating nozzle inside the constant air inlet, so that the two air paths merge into one.

7. The air duct control method for the sand spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sand level gauge is installed at the sand level to be detected in the sand box. The horizontal distance from the sand level gauge into the sand box is d. The sand particles in the sand box are scattered out by the sand spreader. The horizontal distance from the lowest point of the inverted cone formed by the sand particles to the wall of the sand box where the sand level sensor is installed is H, where H / 2≤d.

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