Grid accessibility calculation method and system considering closed operation relationship and transfer time

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of grid accessibility calculation method and system considering closed operation relation and transfer time length, it is related to urban traffic technical field, first, the source of participating grid accessibility calculation, road system, water system and research range data are collected, and data preprocessing work is carried out.Second, the road network participating in grid accessibility calculation is divided into: closed road system and non-closed road system.Again, closed road system is handled by blocking area, and the external flow port of closed road system is handled.At the same time, through the conversion of time and running speed, the transfer time length simulation of external flow port needing transfer time consumption is realized.Finally, generate grid cost layer, calculate grid accessibility.The application realizes the simulation of the operating characteristics of closed road system, the simulation of long station transfer time conversion, and how to avoid calculating multiple transfer times in the process of multiple station operation of high-speed rail and many other technical problems.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical fields of urban planning, urban traffic, GIS geographic information system, and particularly relates to a grid accessibility calculation method considering closed operation relationship and transfer time length. BACKGROUND

[0002] The grid accessibility has the advantages of fast operation speed and analysis result directly covering the whole research area, etc., so that the method has been widely applied in the fields of urban planning, accessibility modeling, urban traffic, GIS geographic information system, etc. However, the disadvantages of the grid accessibility calculation are also very obvious. Since the method is to calculate the accessibility through the grid image, there are many problems in the real application, such as the inability to autonomously identify the spatial intersection between roads, the closed operation of high-speed railway and highway, etc. In addition, the time spent at the high-speed rail station in the process of passenger high-speed rail travel is relatively long, which can be understood as the transfer travel time from the urban road to the high-speed rail travel system should be included in the whole grid accessibility time consumption. However, such accessibility time consumption has not been mentioned and solved in the existing solutions. At the same time, it should be noted that even after setting the node transfer time consumption solution, there is still an important technical difficulty problem in the high-speed rail and similar traffic operation system: generally speaking, a passenger chooses high-speed rail operation, and in the process of the same class travel, only a large amount of internal station transfer time consumption is generated in the process of getting on and off the high-speed rail station. The class has only 5 minutes of time consumption at the intermediate stop station. Therefore, in the process of grid accessibility calculation, how to consider the problem of avoiding calculating multiple transfer times in the process of multi-station operation of high-speed rail and other specific transportation modes is a major technical difficulty problem and an urgent technical problem to be solved.

[0003] However, the existing technologies do not comprehensively consider these problems, but only simply consider the road closed system operation characteristics, do not realize the transfer time conversion, and avoid calculating multiple transfer times in the process of multi-station operation of high-speed rail and other specific transportation modes. That is to say, the existing solutions do not propose key technical solutions to the existing major problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a grid accessibility calculation method considering closed operation relationship and transfer time, which can comprehensively improve the practical application effect of the grid accessibility method.

[0005] The present application adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0006] The present application provides a grid accessibility calculation method considering closed operation relationship and transfer time, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, collect various element type data for grid accessibility calculation and pre-process; specifically including the following sub-steps:

[0008] Step 1.1, collect element type data of sources, road systems, water systems and research scope involved in grid accessibility calculation;

[0009] Step 1.2, use the projection coordinate system to uniformly project all collected element type data, and convert them into equal-sized grid data.

[0010] Step 2, divide the road network involved in grid accessibility calculation into closed road system and non-closed road system; the closed road system does not allow off-road operation, and the non-closed road system allows off-road operation; perform blocking area processing and external flow port processing on the closed road system; specifically:

[0011] The blocking area processing of the closed road system is to set a certain width buffer zone on both sides of the closed road system, and set a first impedance value for the buffer zone, which is greater than the impedance value of all other element type data in grid accessibility calculation;

[0012] The external flow port processing of the closed road system is to set a buffer plot on part of the road segments in the closed road system, so that the buffer plot is connected to the outside of the closed road system, and a second impedance value is set for the buffer plot, which is greater than the impedance of the corresponding closed road operation system.

[0013] Step 3, simulate the transfer time of the external flow port requiring transfer time consumption by converting time and operation speed; specifically:

[0014] The external flow circulation port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system, and the two semicircles are connected to the closed road system through corresponding connection points on the closed road system, wherein the impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking travel impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is:

[0015] Wherein, k is the impedance value of the two semicircles, R is the radius value of the two semicircles, T is the transfer time required by the external flow circulation port, and V is the walking travel speed;

[0016] Step 4, for the data set composed of the closed road system and the non-closed road system, the water system and the element type data of the research range, the grid accessibility cost data is obtained by calculating through the grid tessellation algorithm;

[0017] Step 5, in ArcGIS, the source element type data and the grid accessibility cost data are used to calculate the grid accessibility result.

[0018] Further, in the step 3 of the grid accessibility calculation method considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time, the position of the connection point on the corresponding closed road system is the center of the corresponding semicircle, and the impedance value of the connection point is less than the impedance value of the external flow circulation port.

[0019] Further, in the step 4 of the grid accessibility calculation method considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time, the element type data of the research range is set as the impedance of the walking speed.

[0020] Further, in the step 4 of the grid accessibility calculation method considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time, in the grid tessellation calculation process, the non-closed road system is above the closed road system.

[0021] The application further provides a grid accessibility calculation system considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time, comprising:

[0022] The data collection and preprocessing unit is used for collecting various element type data for grid accessibility calculation and performing preprocessing;

[0023] The road division and processing unit is used for dividing the road network participating in the grid accessibility calculation into a closed road system and a non-closed road system, and performing blocking area processing and external flow circulation port processing on the closed road system.

[0024] The transfer time simulation unit is used for simulating the transfer time consumption of the external flow circulation port through the conversion of time and operation speed; specifically:

[0025] The external flow circulation port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system, and is connected to the closed road system through corresponding connection points on the closed road system, wherein the impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking travel impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is:

[0026] Wherein, k is the impedance value of the two semicircles, R is the radius value of the two semicircles, T is the transfer time required by the external flow circulation port, and v is the walking travel speed;

[0027] The cost data calculation unit is used for calculating the grid accessibility cost data by a grid tessellation algorithm for a data set composed of the closed road system and the non-closed road system, the water system and the element type data of the research range.

[0028] The accessibility result calculation unit is used for calculating the grid accessibility result in ArcGIS by using the source element type data and the grid accessibility cost data.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following technical effects:

[0030] (1) The grid accessibility calculation method considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time is provided, the operation characteristics of the closed road system are simulated, the long station transfer time conversion is realized, and how to avoid calculating multiple transfer times in the process of high-speed rail running in multiple stations and many other technical problems are solved.

[0031] (2) Based on the grid accessibility calculation principle, the grid accessibility calculation method considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time is provided by comprehensive design of multiple key technical schemes, which has important invention innovation and application significance for the technical method innovation of grid accessibility and the improvement of traffic accessibility analysis application effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Figure 1 It is the overall flow schematic diagram of the present application.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a closed road system.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a non-closed road system.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of setting a block area for the closed road system.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of setting an external flow circulation port to make the closed road system externally connected.

[0037] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of setting impedance to the external flow port to simulate transfer time.

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of mathematical principle of setting impedance to the external flow port to simulate transfer time.

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of principle of superfluous transfer time in direct travel process of external flow port.

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of principle of reducing superfluous transfer time in direct travel process of external flow port.

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of impedance calculation principle of external flow port for simulating transfer time consumption.

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of space intersection relationship processing scheme between closed road system and non-closed road system. Embodiment

[0043] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0044] Grid accessibility calculation includes two important data of grid accessibility calculation source and grid cost. The source refers to data to be analyzed for accessibility range, such as in the analysis of 15-minute walk accessibility range of a park, the source here refers to park point data. The grid cost data refers to the impedance required for spatial operation in grid accessibility calculation, which is to calculate the time consumption required for operation on different spatial units. The time consumption is generally closely related to the operation speed on each spatial unit. For example, the accessibility speed is 120 km / h on a spatial unit with high speed. The accessibility speed is 250 km / h on a spatial unit with high-speed rail.

[0045] The cost file data in grid accessibility calculation has only one, so it is necessary to determine the running speed of different types of spatial units, i.e. impedance, in a grid data file. Usually, this problem is solved by setting the corresponding impedance through the running speed of different types of spatial units.

[0046] In the process of grid accessibility calculation, the general road system is by default a non-closed road system, such as general roads in cities. However, it should be noted that some road traffic systems have the characteristics of closed operation, and can only be associated with the outside at designated exits or entrances, such as high-speed rail operation systems. Since the grid calculation method defaults that each grid is connected with the surrounding grids, the present application considers that a certain impedance should be set on both sides of the closed road system to simulate the running characteristics of the closed road system.

[0047] At the same time, the actual calculation scheme also needs to consider the setting of the entrances and exits of the closed road system such as high-speed rail, so that the closed road system can interwork with the external environment at the designated location. However, one problem needs to be considered is how to simulate the large amount of transfer time required by the entrances and exits of the high-speed rail station. Because these transfer times are directly related to the results of accessibility analysis. The present application proposes a scheme of using lower grid speed to simulate the required transfer time consumption. Of course, the entrances and exits of some closed road systems are relatively simple, such as the entrances and exits of the expressway, which mainly enable the entrances and exits to realize the association of the expressway with the external environment. In the following implementation steps, detailed technical scheme explanations will be given.

[0048] In addition, the crossing operation relationship between the closed road system and the non-closed road system in space also needs to be considered.

[0049] Step 1), see attached Figure 1 Firstly, the element type data of sources, road systems, water systems and research ranges participating in the grid accessibility calculation are collected and preprocessed, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1.1), the element type data of sources, road systems, water systems and research ranges participating in the grid accessibility calculation; the water system here needs to be given a higher impedance, which is generally defaulted to have no passing condition. Of course, if there is a water route, a reasonable impedance value can also be set. The research range data is mainly to simulate the land walking speed, which is generally placed at the bottom layer in the subsequent grid data inlay processing.

[0051] Step 1.2), all collected element type data are uniformly projected and converted into equal-sized grid data. When performing uniform projection processing, projection coordinate system is used for projection processing.

[0052] Step 2), the road network participating in the grid accessibility calculation is divided into: closed road system and non-closed road system;

[0053] Step 2.1), see attached Figure 2 The closed road system does not allow to leave the road, for example, high-speed rail, expressway and urban subway, etc., passengers can only enter the closed road system at the designated station or entrance, and cannot leave the road system at will when running on the road;

[0054] Step 2.2), see attached Figure 3 The non-closed road system allows to leave the road, which mainly refers to urban ordinary roads, rural roads, etc., passengers can generally leave the road system relatively conveniently.

[0055] Step 3, see attached Figure 4 The closed road system is processed by blocking area, that is, a certain width of buffer area is set on both sides of the closed road system, and a higher impedance is set for the buffer area. Here, the higher impedance value set for the buffer area is greater than the impedance value of all other element type data in the grid accessibility calculation.

[0056] Although the grid calculation cannot directly identify whether the road system is to be closed, by setting extremely high impedance on both sides of the closed road system 2, the extremely high impedance area will not be passed in the actual calculation of the grid accessibility, thereby simulating the basic characteristics of the closed road system operation.

[0057] Step 4, see attached Figure 5 The closed road system is processed by external flow port, that is, a buffer plot with small impedance is set on part of the road section of the closed road system, and the buffer plot is connected to the outside of the closed road system. When setting the buffer plot with small impedance, the value of the impedance is greater than the impedance of the corresponding closed road system.

[0058] Attached Figure 5 The external flow port processing scheme is generally suitable for the actual application requirement of highway entrance and exit, because it does not require much transfer time between traffic modes, and the essence of transfer is the conversion of vehicles on roads with different operating speeds. However, it is not suitable for high-speed railway stations. Therefore, the present scheme further proposes a new external flow port design scheme.

[0059] Step 5, by time and operating speed conversion, the transfer time of the external flow port requiring transfer time consumption is simulated;

[0060] Step 5.1, see attached Figure 6 Generally, a long transfer time requirement of the external flow port can be simply set. However, for the closed road system such as high-speed railway, if the scheme as shown in Figure 7 is set, a large amount of transfer time is generated for each train to encounter such high-speed railway station area (external flow port). Therefore, further scheme improvement processing is required.

[0061] See attached Figure 7 For the external flow port requiring transfer time consumption, the external flow port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system, and is connected to the closed road system through the corresponding connection points on the closed road system; at the same time, the connection point is located at the center of the corresponding semicircle.

[0062] The advantage of such processing of the application is that each passenger of the external system needs to pass through a specified distance (i.e. the radius of the semicircle) to reach the connection point, and then access the running environment of the closed road system through the connection point. Among them, one semicircle is arranged on both sides of the road to ensure that different sides of the road can reach the closed road system. This actually achieves a running environment similar to high-speed rail travel, that is, a passenger needs to go through security checks and waiting at the high-speed rail station, and then pass through the ticket gate (i.e. the connection point in the application) to reach the high-speed train to realize high-speed rail travel. In order for the external system to actively go to the connection point, the impedance value of the connection point needs to be set smaller than that of the external flow port in the application scheme, so as to achieve the effect of guiding flow to the connection point.

[0063] Step 5.2) Of course, the two semicircles in the external flow port cannot be directly connected to the closed road system, otherwise the effect of the connection point cannot be achieved, that is, the passengers must first go to the connection point.

[0064] The reason for such processing of the application is as follows: refer to the attached Figure 8 As mentioned above, if a simple transfer time consumption simulation external flow port is designed, that is, when it is directly associated with the closed road system, it may cause the transfer time to appear at each stop station during the operation of a high-speed rail service. In practice, the transfer time consumed by a passenger from one high-speed rail station to another high-speed rail station is mainly in the time period of entering and leaving the high-speed rail station, and the time consumed at the intermediate stop station is less. Therefore, the design scheme of the application in this way cannot meet the actual application scene requirements. Figure 8

[0065] Therefore, referring to the attached Figure 9 The technical scheme of the application will make the external enter the external flow port first, and then pass through the connection point to the closed road system. Since the closed road system is not directly connected to the external flow port, the closed road system will not produce simulated transfer time consumption when encountering an intermediate stop station.

[0066] Step 5.3), refer to the attached Figure 10 The impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking travel impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is:

[0067] Where k is the impedance value of the two semicircles, R is the radius value of the two semicircles, T is the transfer time required by the external flow port, and V is the walking speed.

[0068] The reason for taking the reciprocal here is that the faster the speed, the larger the actual impedance should be smaller.

[0069] ​Step 6), the grid accessibility cost data is obtained by the grid tessellation algorithm for the data set composed of the closed road system and the non-closed road system, the water system and the research range and other element type data, and the non-closed road system is above the closed road system in the grid tessellation calculation process. According to the above description of the research area range element type data, the research area range element type data sets the impedance by the walking speed.

[0070] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 11 In the grid tessellation calculation process, the non-closed road system is above the closed road system. For example, when the ordinary road system (national highway and provincial highway) and the high-speed railway exist in the spatial intersection operation, the national highway and the provincial highway should be above the high-speed railway, so that the national highway and the provincial highway can keep unblocked when crossing the high-speed railway.

[0071] Step 7), in ArcGIS, the grid accessibility result is calculated by using the source element type data and the grid accessibility cost data.

[0072] The embodiment also provides a grid accessibility calculation system considering the closed operation relationship and the transfer time, comprising:

[0073] A data collection and preprocessing unit is configured to collect various element type data for grid accessibility calculation and perform preprocessing.

[0074] A road division and processing unit is configured to divide the road network participating in the grid accessibility calculation into a closed road system and a non-closed road system, and perform blocking area processing and external flow port processing on the closed road system.

[0075] A transfer time simulation unit is configured to simulate the transfer time of the external flow port by converting time and operation speed. Specifically, the external flow port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system and connected to the closed road system through corresponding connection points. The impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking travel impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0076] The external flow port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system and connected to the closed road system through corresponding connection points. The impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking travel impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0077] Wherein, k is the impedance value of the two semicircles, R is the radius value of the two semicircles, T is the transfer time required by the external flow port, and V is the walking travel speed.

[0078] A cost data calculation unit is configured to calculate the grid accessibility cost data by the grid tessellation algorithm for the data set composed of the closed road system and the non-closed road system, the water system and the research range element type data.

[0079] The reachability result calculation unit is configured to calculate the raster reachability result in ArcGIS by using the source feature type data and the raster reachability cost data.

[0080] The above is a further detailed description of the present application in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present application should not be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered as falling within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A grid accessibility calculation method considering closed operating relations and transfer time, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Step 1, collecting various types of element data for grid accessibility calculation, including sources, road systems, water systems and study areas, and preprocessing; Step 2, dividing the road network involved in grid accessibility calculation into closed road systems and non-closed road systems; blocking area processing and external flow port processing are performed on the closed road system; the closed road system does not allow off-road operation, and the non-closed road system allows off-road operation; the closed road system is processed by setting a certain width buffer zone on both sides of the closed road system, and the first impedance value is set for the buffer zone, which is greater than the impedance value of all other element type data in grid accessibility calculation; the closed road system is processed by setting a buffer plot on part of the road section, so that the buffer plot is connected to the outside of the closed road system, and the second impedance value is set for the buffer plot, which is greater than the impedance of the corresponding closed road operation system; Step 3, by converting time and running speed, the transfer time consumption of the external flow port is simulated; specifically: The external circulation port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system, and is connected to the closed road system through corresponding connection points on the closed road system, wherein the impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking trip impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is: , wherein, k is the impedance value of the two semi-circles, R is the radius value of the two semi-circles, T is the transfer time required for the external flow passage, V is the walking travel speed; Step 4, for the data set composed of element type data of closed road system and non-closed road system, water system and study area, grid tessellation algorithm is used to calculate the grid accessibility cost data; Step 5, in ArcGIS, using source element type data and grid accessibility cost data to calculate grid accessibility results.

2. The grid accessibility calculation method considering closed operation relationship and transfer duration according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 specifically includes the following sub-steps: Step 1.1, collecting source, road system, water system and study area element type data involved in grid accessibility calculation; Step 1.2, all collected element type data is uniformly projected and converted into equal size raster data.

3. The grid accessibility calculation method considering closed operation relationship and transfer duration according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 1.2, the projection coordinate system is used for projection processing.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The two semicircles in the external flow port are not directly connected to the closed road system.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step 3, the corresponding closed road system is connected to the corresponding semicircle center, and the impedance value of the connection point is less than that of the external flow port.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step 4, the study area element type data is set with a walking speed impedance.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step 4, the non-closed road system is above the closed road system in the grid tessellation calculation process.

8. A grid accessibility computing system considering closed operating relations and transfer time, characterized in that, It comprises: A data collection and preprocessing unit is used to collect various types of element data for grid accessibility calculation, including sources, road systems, water systems and study areas, and preprocessing; The road division and processing unit is used for dividing the road network participating in the grid accessibility calculation into a closed road system and a non-closed road system, performing block area processing and external flow port processing on the closed road system, the closed road system not allowing off-road operation, and the non-closed road system allowing off-road operation, performing block area processing on the closed road system, that is, setting a certain width of buffer zone on both sides of the closed road system, and setting a first impedance value for the buffer zone, the first impedance value being greater than the impedance values of all other element type data in the grid accessibility calculation, performing external flow port processing on the closed road system, that is, setting a buffer plot on part of the road sections in the closed road system, so that the buffer plot is connected to the outside of the closed road system, and setting a second impedance value for the buffer plot, the second impedance value being greater than the impedance of the corresponding closed road operation system; The transfer time length simulation unit is used for simulating the transfer time length of the external flow port requiring transfer by conversion of time and operation speed, and specifically comprises: The external circulation port is composed of two semicircles parallel to the closed road system, and is connected to the closed road system through corresponding connection points on the closed road system, wherein the impedance value of the two semicircles is the sum of the walking trip impedance and the transfer waiting time impedance, and the calculation formula is: , wherein, k is the impedance value of the two semi-circles, R is the radius value of the two semi-circles, T is the transfer time required for the external flow circulation port, V is the walking travel speed; The cost data calculation unit is used for calculating the grid accessibility cost data by using the grid tessellation algorithm for the data set composed of the element type data of the closed road system and the non-closed road system, the water system and the research range. The accessibility result calculation unit is used for calculating the grid accessibility result by using the source element type data and the grid accessibility cost data in ArcGIS.

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