A foundation pit support device and support method in confined space

Abstract

The present invention discloses a foundation pit support device and a support method thereof in a confined space, belonging to the technical field of foundation pit support. It includes support plates, which are arranged in multiple groups along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit hole wall, and can be rotatably arranged on a support base. The support plate surface is vertical and arranged parallel to the rotation connection axis of the support base. A fine-tuning mechanism is provided between the support plate and the support base to adjust the distance between the support plate and the support base, realize the combination of the support plate and the pit wall, and can adjust the support strength of the support plate and the inner wall of the foundation pit in a timely manner. At the same time, a spacing adjustment mechanism is provided between the multiple groups of support plates. When actually supporting the foundation pit, the spacing between the support plates can be adjusted by the spacing adjustment mechanism to adjust the support area of ​​the inner wall of the foundation pit in a timely manner, thereby improving the versatility of the support device. The support device of the present invention can adjust the support as the surrounding soil changes, effectively avoiding problems such as surrounding soil collapse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit support, and in particular to a foundation pit support device in a confined space and a support method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Deep foundation pit engineering has been involved in all construction projects from ancient times to the present. With the rise of numerous underground structures, such as underground parking lots, basements, subway stations, and civil air defense projects, the development and improvement of deep foundation pit construction is crucial for ensuring project quality and safety. The importance of deep foundation pit construction for super-high-rise buildings and large-scale construction projects is self-evident, and deep foundation pit technology is the foundation upon which safe deep foundation pit construction operations depend.

[0003] The so-called restricted foundation pit means that due to the existing buildings around the foundation pit, the foundation pit cannot be supported according to the traditional foundation pit support method during the support process. There are many forms of traditional foundation pit support, including corrugated plate support method, cast column support method and other support methods. The traditional foundation pit support method has a good support effect. However, during actual support, there are generally no other obstacles around. Therefore, when performing open excavation or drilling operations, it is convenient for large-scale excavation or drilling equipment to enter and perform support according to the traditional support method. However, when operating in a confined space, it is generally difficult to perform support according to the traditional support method, which leads to low efficiency in foundation pit support operations. Moreover, during actual support of the foundation pit in space, it is first affected by existing buildings, equipment, water sources, roads and other factors. The surrounding soil of the foundation pit has sudden changes, and it is easy to have problems such as cavities, which in turn cause the foundation pit to collapse or leak. Therefore, when using the traditional foundation pit support method for support operations, it is also difficult to adjust with the changes in the surrounding soil. The traditional foundation pit support method is not suitable for supporting the foundation pit wall in a confined space. Summary of the Invention

[0004] 1. Problem to be solved

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a foundation pit support device and a support method under confined space, which can timely adjust the support strength and support area as the surrounding soil changes, avoiding problems such as surrounding soil collapse. It not only solves the problems of high difficulty and low efficiency of support construction under confined space, but also significantly improves the support effect compared with traditional support structures.

[0006] 2. Technical solution

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A foundation pit support device in a confined space includes support plates and a support base. The support plates are arranged in multiple groups along the circumferential direction of the hole wall of the foundation pit. The support plates are rotatably arranged on the support base. The support plate surfaces are vertical and arranged parallel to the rotation connection axis of the support base. A fine-tuning mechanism is provided between the support plates and the support base. The fine-tuning mechanism is used to adjust the spacing between the support plates and the support base. A spacing adjustment mechanism is provided between multiple groups of support plates. The spacing adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the spacing between the support plates.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the support base in the present invention has a frame-like structure as a whole, and a fixing mechanism is provided around the support base for fixing to the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit. A height adjustment unit is provided on the fixing mechanism, and the height adjustment unit is used to adjust the height of the support base.

[0010] In the present invention, different numbers of support plates can be designed according to actual needs. The structure of each support plate is the same, and the installation method is also the same as the support base. For the convenience of description, the present invention takes three support plates as an example for detailed description. The support plates in the present invention are arranged in three groups at intervals along the circumferential direction of the support base. A connecting arm is provided on the inner side of the support plate, and the connecting arm and the adjustment arm form a sliding connection. The connecting arm and the adjustment arm are arranged along the connecting line direction of the support plate and the support base, and the fine-tuning mechanism is used to drive the connecting arm to slide along the length direction of the adjustment arm.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the fine-tuning mechanism includes a fine-tuning cam arranged on the inner side of the support plate, the rotating wheel core of the fine-tuning cam is horizontal and the wheel rim is in contact with the inner plate surface of the support plate, and the driving unit drives the fine-tuning cam to rotate and links the support plate to move closer or farther away from the support base.

[0012] The rotating wheel core of the fine-tuning cam is rotatably arranged on the fine-tuning frame, and the fine-tuning frame is fixed on the supporting base. The driving unit includes a driving plate arranged on the rotating shaft of the fine-tuning cam, and the upper and lower plate surfaces of the driving plate are both provided with driving rollers, and the roller core of the driving roller is horizontal and the roller body is in contact with or away from the upper and lower plate surfaces of the roller of the driving plate. One end of the driving roller is rotatably arranged on the lifting arm, and the up and down movement of the lifting arm can implement the up and down driving of the driving roller, thereby driving the driving plate together with the shaft and the rotating wheel core to rotate up and down in the vertical plane, and then driving the fine-tuning cam to rotate, so as to realize the horizontal outward or inward fine-tuning of the support plate.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the driving shaft is vertical and coaxially arranged with the rotating connecting shaft of the support plate and the support base. A driving nut is provided at one end of the lifting arm. The driving nut and the driving shaft form a screw nut match. The lower end of the driving shaft is connected to the driving hydraulic motor. The driving hydraulic motor rotates to drive the driving shaft to rotate. Through the screw nut match, the driving nut on the driving shaft drives the lifting arm as a whole to move up and down in the vertical plane to realize lifting and lowering adjustment.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner side wall of the support plate is provided with a coupling roller, the roller core of the coupling roller is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the fine-tuning cam, the outer rim of the fine-tuning cam is abutted against the roller body of the coupling roller, and the inner side wall of the support plate is also provided with a coupling arm, and the wheel surfaces on both sides of the fine-tuning cam are provided with notches, the contour of the notch is consistent with the contour of the outer rim of the fine-tuning cam, the extending end of the coupling arm extends into the notch and is provided with a coupling ball, and the coupling ball is abutted against the inner side wall of the notch.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sliding rod is provided on the adjusting arm, and the sliding rod is arranged along the length direction of the adjusting arm. The sliding rod forms a sliding fit with one end of the connecting arm, and a return spring is sleeved on the rod body of the sliding rod. The two ends of the return spring are abutted against the connecting arm and one end of the adjusting arm. One end of the adjusting arm is rotatably set on the support shaft, and the support shaft is vertical and concentrically arranged with the driving shaft. The two ends of the support shaft are fixed on the distance adjustment frame.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spacing adjustment mechanism includes spacing adjustment rollers arranged on both sides of the adjustment arm, the spacing adjustment roller bodies are arranged vertically, the spacing adjustment rollers are arranged on both sides of the adjustment arm connected to the support plates located on both sides of the support base, the lower ends of the spacing adjustment rollers are fixed to the spacing adjustment frame, the spacing adjustment frame is slidably arranged on the support base, and a spacing adjustment cylinder is provided on the support base, the spacing adjustment cylinder is horizontal and the piston rod end is connected to the spacing adjustment frame.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the distance adjustment frame is slidably arranged on the adjustment slide rod, the adjustment slide rod is horizontal and fixed on the support base, a distance adjustment nut is provided on the distance adjustment frame, the distance adjustment nut cooperates with the distance adjustment screw rod, the distance adjustment screw rod is arranged parallel to the adjustment slide rod, and one end of the distance adjustment screw rod is connected to the distance adjustment hydraulic motor.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first movable support plate and a second support plate are arranged between adjacent support plates, one side of the first movable support plate and the second support plate are respectively hinged to one side of the adjacent support plate, the first movable support plate and the second support plate are hinged, the hinge axes on both sides of the first movable support plate and the second support plate are vertical and arranged along the length direction of the support plate, and the inner side surface of the support plate is connected to one end of the connecting arm through a spherical connector.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, a dovetail groove is provided on the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, and a coupling boss is provided on the lower plate surface of the support base, and the coupling boss and the dovetail groove form a snap-fit ​​or separation fit.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, two groups of coupling bosses are provided on the lower plate surface of the support base. The two groups of coupling bosses can be slidably provided on the lower plate surface of the support base, and the spacing between the two groups of coupling bosses is adjustable. A clamping wedge is provided between the two groups of coupling bosses, and the clamping wedge drives the two groups of coupling bosses to move away from each other and clamp them with the dovetail groove.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the height adjustment unit includes height adjustment wedges arranged on both sides of the support base, the height adjustment wedges are arranged along the length direction of the support base, the inclined surface of the height adjustment wedge is provided with a height adjustment roller, and the wheel frame of the height adjustment roller is provided with a height adjustment nut, the height adjustment nut cooperates with the height adjustment screw, and one end of the height adjustment screw is connected to the height adjustment hydraulic motor.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention provides a confined space foundation pit support method. By adopting the above-mentioned support device for construction, the support operation of the foundation pit side wall in the confined space is well solved, and the construction efficiency is significantly improved. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Hoist the support device into the foundation pit;

[0024] Step 2: Fix the support base to the bottom of the foundation pit to form a stable connection;

[0025] Step 3: Pre-adjust the distance between the support base and the side wall of the foundation pit, and the height of the support base;

[0026] Step 4: According to the actual sudden change of the soil surrounding the foundation pit side wall, the support plate is implemented to support the foundation pit side wall by adjusting the fine-tuning structure. At the same time, the spacing between multiple support plates is adjusted through the spacing adjustment structure.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] By adopting the support device and support method of the present invention, when supporting a foundation pit in a confined space, multiple groups of support plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the hole wall to enclose the foundation pit wall. The support plates are combined with the pit wall through the fine-tuning mechanism, and the support strength of the support plates and the inner wall of the foundation pit can be adjusted in time. When actually supporting the foundation pit, the spacing between the support plates is also adjusted through the spacing adjustment mechanism, and the support area of ​​the inner wall of the foundation pit can be adjusted in time, thereby increasing the versatility of the support device. The support device can facilitate foundation pit support operations in confined spaces, reduce the construction difficulty of foundation pit construction operations, and improve foundation pit construction efficiency. In addition, the support device of the present invention can also adjust the support as the surrounding soil changes, thereby avoiding problems such as collapse of the surrounding soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a planar schematic diagram of the confined space foundation pit support device and the foundation pit in the support state;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the confined space foundation pit support device;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the confined space foundation pit support device from the first perspective;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the confined space foundation pit support device from the second perspective;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the confined space foundation pit support device from the third perspective;

[0034] Figure 6 1. It is a schematic diagram of an upward-looking plane of the confined space foundation pit support device;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the confined space foundation pit support device from the first viewing angle;

[0036] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the confined space foundation pit support device from a second viewing angle;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the fine-tuning cam and the support plate from the first perspective;

[0038] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the coordination between the fine-tuning cam and the support plate from the second perspective.

[0039] In the picture:

[0040] 100, support plate; 110, connecting arm; 120, adjustment arm; 121, slide bar; 122, return spring; 123, support shaft; 130, coupling roller; 140, coupling arm; 141, coupling ball; 150, spacing adjustment roller; 151, spacing adjustment frame; 152, spacing adjustment cylinder; 160, first movable support plate; 170, second support plate;

[0041] 200, support base; 210, coupling boss; 220, clamping wedge; 230, height adjustment wedge; 240, height adjustment roller; 241, height adjustment nut; 242, height adjustment screw; 243, height adjustment hydraulic motor;

[0042] 300, fine-tuning cam; 301, notch; 310, fine-tuning frame; 320, drive plate; 330, drive roller; 340, lifting arm; 350, drive shaft; 351, drive hydraulic motor;

[0043] 400, distance adjustment frame; 410, adjustment slide; 420, distance adjustment nut; 430, distance adjustment screw; 431, distance adjustment hydraulic motor;

[0044] 510, dovetail groove; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] At the same time, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "install", "set", "connect", "fix", "screw" and so on should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] Furthermore, it should be understood that for the sake of ease of description, the sizes of the various components shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportions. For example, the thickness or width of certain layers may be exaggerated relative to other layers.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 10 The foundation pit supporting device of the present invention is described in detail below:

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a confined space foundation pit support device of this embodiment includes support plates 100 and a support base 200. The support plates 100 are arranged in multiple groups along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit hole wall. The number of support plates 100 can be set according to the actual support area. The support plates 100 are rotatably mounted on the support base 200.

[0052] The support plate 100 is vertically mounted and parallel to the axis of rotation of the support base 200. Once installed, the support plate 100 can reciprocate left and right within a vertical plane. A fine-tuning mechanism is provided between the support plate 100 and the support base 200 to adjust the spacing between them. Spacing adjustment mechanisms are provided between multiple groups of support plates 100 to adjust the spacing between the support plates 100.

[0053] Combine Figure 3 and Figure 5When implementing the support of the confined space foundation pit, multiple groups of support plates 100 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the hole wall to implement the encirclement of the foundation pit wall. The support plates 100 are combined with the pit wall through the fine-tuning mechanism, and the support strength of the support plates 100 and the inner wall of the foundation pit can be adjusted in time. When actually supporting the foundation pit, the spacing between the support plates 100 is adjusted through the spacing adjustment mechanism, and the support area of ​​the inner wall of the foundation pit can be adjusted in time, thereby increasing the versatility of the support device. The support device can facilitate the foundation pit support operation in a confined space, reduce the construction difficulty of the foundation pit construction operation, improve the foundation pit construction efficiency, and can adjust the support as the surrounding soil changes to avoid problems such as the collapse of the surrounding soil.

[0054] During support, since the opening size of the restricted foundation pit is uncertain, in order to increase the versatility of the support device, multiple groups of support plates 100 are designed. The spacing between the support plates 100 is adjusted according to the opening size of the foundation pit. After the pit wall is completely cleaned, multiple groups of support plates 100 are abutted and combined with the pit wall of the foundation pit, thereby being able to adapt to the inner walls of various types of restricted foundation pits for support, thereby improving the convenience and safety of foundation pit support.

[0055] During the actual operation of the foundation pit, the soil pressure on the foundation pit wall will be released due to the stress caused by external factors such as water flow and traffic, which will cause the foundation pit to collapse and other displacement problems. In this regard, monitoring equipment installed in the support device is used to monitor and adjust the bonding strength between the support plate 100 and the foundation pit wall in real time to implement reliable support for the foundation pit and ensure the safety of the entire foundation pit.

[0056] As another implementation method of this embodiment, in order to implement a reliable connection between the supporting foundation pit 200 and the foundation pit bottom, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the support base 200 is of a frame-like structure as a whole. A fixing mechanism is provided around the support base 200 for fixing to the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit. A height adjustment unit is provided on the fixing mechanism for adjusting the height of the support base 200.

[0057] A fixing mechanism is used to implement the combination of the support base 200 and the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the height of the support base 200 is adjusted according to usage requirements to implement reliable support for the foundation pit.

[0058] More optimally, when implementing the support of the foundation pit wall, the changes in the soil pressure in the foundation pit are monitored by monitoring equipment, and then the distance between the support plate 100 and the support base 200 is fine-tuned in a timely manner. For the convenience of not describing, the support plates 100 described in this embodiment are arranged in three groups along the circumferential direction of the support base 200, and each group includes a support plate 100. The structure and installation method of each support plate 100 are the same.

[0059] like Figure 3-6 and Figure 7-8 As shown, a connecting arm 110 is provided on the inner side of the support plate 100. The connecting arm 110 is slidably connected to the adjusting arm 120. The connecting arm 110 and the adjusting arm 120 mounted on the support base 200 are arranged along the connecting line between the support plate 100 and the support base 200. The fine-tuning mechanism is used to drive the connecting arm 110 to slide along the length of the adjusting arm 120. By driving the connecting arm 110 to slide along the length of the adjusting arm 120 by the fine-tuning mechanism, the spacing between the support plate 100 and the support base 200 can be adjusted, thereby timely adjusting the support strength of the foundation pit wall.

[0060] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to implement the driving of the support plate 100, the distance between the support plate 100 and the support base 200 is adjusted, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the fine-tuning mechanism includes a fine-tuning cam 300 arranged on the inner side of the support plate 100, the rotating wheel core of the fine-tuning cam 300 is horizontal and the wheel rim is in contact with the inner plate surface of the support plate 100, and the driving unit drives the fine-tuning cam 300 to rotate to link the support plate 100 and the support base 200 to move closer or farther away.

[0061] When the driving unit drives the fine-tuning cam 300 to rotate, the connecting arm 110 on the support plate 100 slides along the adjustment arm 120, thereby adjusting the distance between the support plate 100 and the support base 200, thereby adjusting the support strength of the foundation pit.

[0062] like Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, when the fine-tuning cam 300 is driven to rotate, the rotating wheel core of the fine-tuning cam 300 is rotatably set on the fine-tuning frame 310, and the fine-tuning frame 310 is fixed on the support base 200. The driving unit includes a driving plate 320 set on the rotating shaft of the fine-tuning cam 300, and the upper and lower plate surfaces of the driving plate 320 are both provided with driving rollers 330. The roller core of the driving roller 330 is set horizontally, and the roller body of the driving roller 330 is in contact with or away from the upper and lower plate surfaces of the roller of the driving plate 320. One end of the driving roller 330 is rotatably set on the lifting arm 340, and the lifting arm 340 moves up and down to drive the driving roller 330 up and down.

[0063] When the fine-tuning cam 300 is driven, the lifting arm 340 is driven up and down, so that the driving roller 330 moves the driving plate 320, and then the fine-tuning cam 300 is moved, so that the connecting arm 110 on the supporting plate 100 slides along the adjusting arm 120, thereby fine-tuning the distance between the supporting plate 100 and the supporting base 200;

[0064] Specifically, when the lifting arm 340 moves upward, the driving roller 330 abuts against the lower surface of the driving plate 320, thereby rotating the fine-tuning cam 300 in one direction. When the lifting arm 340 moves downward, the driving roller 330 abuts against the upper surface of the driving plate 320, thereby flipping the fine-tuning cam 300 to increase or decrease the distance between the support plate 100 and the support base 200.

[0065] More optimized, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the lifting arm 340 is driven vertically, the driving shaft 350 is vertical and coaxially arranged with the rotating connection axis of the support plate 100 and the support base 200. A driving nut 341 is provided at one end of the lifting arm 340. The driving nut 341 and the driving shaft 350 form a screw nut combination. The lower end of the driving shaft 350 is connected to the driving hydraulic motor 351.

[0066] When the lifting arm 340 is driven to be lifted vertically, the driving hydraulic motor 351 is started to rotate the driving shaft 350 , thereby lifting the lifting arm 340 vertically and driving the fine-tuning cam 300 .

[0067] Preferably, in actual application, in order to ensure the reliable driving of the fine-tuning cam 300 on the support plate 100, reduce wear, and enhance the accuracy of fine-tuning to achieve the purpose of stepless adjustment, the inner wall of the support plate 100 is provided with a coupling roller 130, and the roller core of the coupling roller 130 is arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the fine-tuning cam 300, and the outer rim of the fine-tuning cam 300 is abutted against the roller body of the coupling roller 130. The inner wall of the support plate 100 is also provided with a coupling arm 140, and the wheel surfaces on both sides of the fine-tuning cam 300 are provided with notches 301, and the contour of the notch 301 is consistent with the contour of the outer rim of the fine-tuning cam 300. The extending end of the coupling arm 140 extends into the notch 301 and is provided with a coupling ball 141, and the coupling ball 141 is abutted against the inner wall of the notch 301.

[0068] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, when the fine-tuning cam 300 is used to drive the support plate 100, the roller edge of the fine-tuning cam 300 is abutted against the coupling roller 130. When the fine-tuning cam 300 rotates, the change between the outer wheel edge of the fine-tuning cam 300 and the rotating shaft realizes the rotation drive of the coupling roller 130 to implement fine-tuning of the support plate 100. The combination of the fine-tuning cam 300 and the coupling roller 130 reduces wear and tear while also realizing stepless adjustment of the distance between the support plate 100 and the support base 200.

[0069] The above-mentioned combining ball 141 abuts against the inner wall of the notch 301, so that the fine-tuning cam 300 and the support plate 100 are in a state of active combination, and the fine-tuning cam 300 and the support plate 100 are in an active connection to achieve synchronous movement of the fine-tuning cam 300 and the support plate 100.

[0070] As a further optimization of this embodiment, combined with Figure 6 and Figure 9-10 , a sliding rod 121 is provided on the adjusting arm 120, and the sliding rod 121 is arranged along the length direction of the adjusting arm 120, and the sliding rod 121 forms a sliding fit with one end of the connecting arm 110, and a return spring 122 is sleeved on the rod body of the sliding rod 121, and the two ends of the return spring 122 are abutted against the connecting arm 110 and one end of the adjusting arm 120, and one end of the adjusting arm 120 is rotatably set on the support shaft 123, and the support shaft 123 is vertical and concentrically arranged with the driving shaft 350, and the two ends of the support shaft 123 are fixed on the distance adjustment frame 400.

[0071] The above-mentioned adjusting arm 120 and the connecting arm 110 are connected by a sliding support through a sliding rod 121 and a return spring 122, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the length between the adjusting arm 120 and the connecting arm 110, and then adjust the distance between the support plate 100 and the support base 200, so as to achieve the adjustment of the foundation pit wall support strength under different circumstances.

[0072] More specifically, if Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the spacing adjustment mechanism includes spacing adjustment rollers 150 arranged on both sides of the adjustment arm 120, the roller bodies of the spacing adjustment rollers 150 are arranged vertically, and the spacing adjustment rollers 150 are arranged on both sides of the adjustment arm 120 connected to the support plates 100 located on both sides of the support base 200. The lower ends of the spacing adjustment rollers 150 are fixed to the spacing adjustment frame 151, and the spacing adjustment frame 151 is slidably set on the support base 200. A spacing adjustment cylinder 152 is provided on the support base 200, and the spacing adjustment cylinder 152 is horizontal and the piston rod end is connected to the spacing adjustment frame 151.

[0073] When adjusting the spacing between the three groups of support plates 100, spacing adjustment rollers 150 are arranged on both sides of the adjustment arms 120 on the support plates 100 at both sides of the support base 200. When the spacing between the three groups of support plates 100 is increased, the spacing adjustment cylinder 152 is activated to make the spacing adjustment roller 150 close to the rotation axis position at one end of the adjustment arm 120, thereby increasing the angle between the adjustment arms 120, thereby adjusting the spacing between the three groups of support plates 100. The distance becomes larger to use a larger surface area of ​​the foundation pit wall for support. When the distance between the three groups of support plates 100 becomes smaller, the distance adjusting cylinder 152 is started to make the distance adjusting roller 150 move away from the rotating shaft position at one end of the adjusting arm 120, thereby making the angle between the adjusting arms 120 smaller, thereby adjusting the distance between the three groups of support plates 100, making the three groups of support plates 100 closer to each other, so as to implement support for the foundation pit wall with a smaller area, achieving the effect of timely adjustment, and making the support system more flexible and adaptable.

[0074] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, the distance adjustment frame 400 is slidably set on the adjustment slide rod 410, and the adjustment slide rod 410 is horizontal and fixed on the support base 200. A distance adjustment nut 420 is provided on the distance adjustment frame 400, and the distance adjustment nut 420 cooperates with the distance adjustment screw rod 430. The distance adjustment screw rod 430 is arranged parallel to the adjustment slide rod 410, and one end of the distance adjustment screw rod 430 is connected to the distance adjustment hydraulic motor 431.

[0075] Before the support plates 100 are combined with the inner wall of the foundation pit, the lifting equipment lifts the entire support system to the bottom of the foundation pit, and installs and fixes the pile platform and the support base 200 on the bottom of the foundation pit. Then, by starting the distance adjustment hydraulic motor 431, the three groups of support plates 100 are brought close to the pit wall of the foundation pit until the three groups of support plates 100 are against the pit wall of the foundation pit. As the three groups of support plates 100 are squeezed against the pit wall of the foundation pit, preliminary support for the foundation pit is implemented. As the foundation pit is operated, when the soil pressure of the foundation pit changes, the distance between the three groups of support plates 100 and the support base 200 is adjusted through the fine-tuning mechanism, so as to timely achieve reliable support for the foundation pit and avoid collapse of the foundation pit.

[0076] Combine Figure 5 and Figure 10When the spacing between the support plates 100 changes, a first movable support plate 160 and a second support plate 170 are arranged between adjacent support plates 100. One side of the first movable support plate 160 and the second support plate 170 are respectively hinged to one side of the adjacent support plate 100. The first movable support plate 160 and the second support plate 170 are hinged. The hinge axes on both sides of the first movable support plate 160 and the second support plate 170 are vertical and arranged along the length direction of the support plate 100. The inner side surface of the support plate 100 is connected to one end of the connecting arm 110 through a spherical connector.

[0077] The connection between the first movable support plate 160 and the second support plate 170, as well as the connection between the first movable support plate 160 and the second support plate 170 and the adjacent support plate 100, can enable the adjacent support plates 100 to form an integral surface to provide stable support for the inner wall of the foundation pit;

[0078] And, as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the inner side surface of the support plate 100 and one end of the connecting arm 110 are connected as a whole through a spherical connector, so that the support plate 100 and the connecting arm 110 are in an active state. The active connection between the support plate 100 and the connecting arm 110 enables the support plate 100 to adapt to the support requirements of the inner wall of the foundation pit with different slopes, so as to improve the versatility of the support system.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to achieve a reliable connection between the support base 200 and the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, a dovetail groove 510 is provided on the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, and a coupling boss 210 is provided on the lower plate surface of the support base 200. The coupling boss 210 and the dovetail groove 510 form a snap-on or separate fit.

[0080] Preferably, combined Figure 3 and Figure 6 To facilitate installation within the dovetail groove 510 on the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, the support system comprises two sets of engaging bosses 210 located on the lower surface of the support base 200. These engaging bosses 210 are slidable relative to the lower surface of the support base 200, and the spacing between the two sets of engaging bosses 210 is adjustable. A clamping wedge 220 is provided between the two sets of engaging bosses 210, which drives the two sets of engaging bosses 210 away from each other and engages with the dovetail groove 510.

[0081] When the two groups of combining bosses 210 are inserted into the dovetail groove 510, the connecting wedge 220 is inserted between the two groups of combining bosses 210, thereby increasing the distance between the two groups of combining bosses 210 and enabling the two groups of combining bosses 210 to be connected and positioned at the step positions of the dovetail groove 510, thereby achieving a stable connection between the support base 200 and the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit.

[0082] When adjusting the height between the support base 200 and the bottom of the foundation pit, the height adjustment unit includes height adjustment wedges 230 arranged on both sides of the support base 200. The height adjustment wedges 230 are arranged along the length direction of the support base 200. The inclined surface of the height adjustment wedge 230 is provided with a height adjustment roller 240. The wheel frame of the height adjustment roller 240 is provided with a height adjustment nut 241. The height adjustment nut 241 cooperates with the height adjustment screw rod 242, and one end of the height adjustment screw rod 242 is connected to the height adjustment hydraulic motor 243.

[0083] Combine Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for supporting a foundation pit in a confined space, which uses the support device of the present invention for construction and includes the following steps:

[0084] Step 1: Hoist the support device into the foundation pit;

[0085] Step 2: Fix the support base 200 to the bottom of the foundation pit to form a stable connection;

[0086] Step 3: Pre-adjust the distance between the support base 200 and the side wall of the foundation pit to increase the height of the support base 200;

[0087] Step 4: According to the actual sudden change of the soil surrounding the foundation pit side wall, the support plate 100 is implemented to support the foundation pit side wall by adjusting the fine-tuning structure. At the same time, the spacing between multiple support plates 100 is adjusted through the spacing adjustment structure.

[0088] During construction, the restricted area of ​​the foundation pit is mainly limited by mountains, buildings, and water sources. Therefore, when supporting the foundation pit in the restricted area, it is impossible to carry out construction according to the foundation pit support in the above-mentioned non-restricted area. The support device of the present invention can realize detachable mechanical support for the restricted area and protective wall support for the non-restricted area, which can effectively implement reliable support for the surrounding rock of the foundation pit, reduce the construction difficulty of the foundation pit construction, improve the efficiency of the foundation pit construction, and facilitate subsequent support and disassembly operations.

[0089] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foundation pit support device in a confined space, characterized by: The invention comprises a supporting plate (100) and a supporting base (200), wherein the supporting plates (100) are arranged in a plurality of groups along the circumferential direction of the hole wall of the foundation pit, the supporting plates (100) are rotatably arranged on the supporting base (200), and the supporting base (200) is fixed to the bottom of the foundation pit; the plate surface of the supporting plate (100) is vertical and arranged parallel to the rotation connection axis of the supporting base (200); a fine adjustment mechanism is provided between the supporting plate (100) and the supporting base (200), and the fine adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the supporting plate (100) and the supporting base (200); a spacing adjustment mechanism is provided between the plurality of groups of supporting plates (100), and the spacing adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the supporting plates (100); The fine-tuning mechanism comprises a fine-tuning cam (300) arranged on the inner side of the support plate (100), the rotating wheel core of the fine-tuning cam (300) is horizontal and the wheel rim abuts against the inner plate surface of the support plate (100), the rotating wheel core of the fine-tuning cam (300) is rotatably arranged on a fine-tuning frame (310), the fine-tuning frame (310) is fixed on the support base (200), and the rotating shaft of the fine-tuning cam (300) is connected to the driving unit; The driving unit comprises a driving plate (320) arranged on a rotating shaft of a fine-tuning cam (300); the upper and lower plate surfaces of the driving plate (320) are both provided with driving rollers (330); the roller core of the driving roller (330) is horizontal, and the roller body abuts against or moves away from the upper and lower plate surfaces of the driving plate (320); one end of the driving roller (330) is rotatably arranged on a lifting arm (340); the lifting arm (340) is connected to a driving shaft (350) via a driving nut (341); and the driving shaft (350) is connected to an output shaft of a driving hydraulic motor (351).

2. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing mechanism and a height adjustment unit, wherein the fixing mechanism is arranged around the support base (200) and is connected to the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the height adjustment unit is arranged on the fixing mechanism and is used to adjust the height of the support base (200); The height adjustment unit comprises height adjustment wedges (230) arranged on both sides of the support base (200), the height adjustment wedges (230) being arranged along the length direction of the support base (200), the inclined surfaces of the height adjustment wedges (230) being provided with height adjustment rollers (240), the wheel frames of the height adjustment rollers (240) being provided with height adjustment nuts (241), the height adjustment nuts (241) being matched with height adjustment screw rods (242), one end of which is connected to a height adjustment hydraulic motor (243).

3. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A connecting arm (110) is provided on the inner side of the supporting plate (100), and the connecting arm (110) forms a sliding connection with an adjusting arm (120) mounted on the supporting base (200).

4. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the support plate (100) is provided with a coupling roller (130), the roller core of the coupling roller (130) is parallel to the rotation axis of the fine-tuning cam (300), and the roller body of the coupling roller (130) abuts against the outer wheel edge of the fine-tuning cam (300); Notches (301) are provided on both side wheel surfaces of the fine-tuning cam (300), and the profile of the notches (301) matches the profile of the outer wheel rim of the fine-tuning cam (300). A coupling arm (140) is provided on the inner side wall of the support plate (100), and an extended end of the coupling arm (140) extends into the notch (301), and a coupling ball (141) is provided between the extended end and the notch (301), and the coupling ball (141) abuts against the inner side wall of the notch (301).

5. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The regulating arm (120) is provided with a slide rod (121), the slide rod (121) is arranged along the length direction of the regulating arm (120), the slide rod (121) and one end of the connecting arm (110) form a sliding fit, and a return spring (122) is sleeved on the rod body of the slide rod (121), and the two ends of the return spring (122) are respectively abutted against one end of the connecting arm (110) and the regulating arm (120); One end of the adjustment arm (120) is rotatably arranged on a support shaft (123). The support shaft (123) is vertical and arranged concentrically with the driving shaft (350). Both ends of the support shaft (123) are fixed on a distance adjustment frame (400).

6. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spacing adjustment mechanism comprises spacing adjustment rollers (150) arranged on both sides of the adjustment arm (120), the roller bodies of the spacing adjustment rollers (150) are arranged vertically, and the lower ends of the spacing adjustment rollers (150) are fixed to the spacing adjustment frame (151); The spacing adjustment frame (151) is slidably arranged on the support base (200), and a spacing adjustment oil cylinder (152) is arranged on the support base (200). The spacing adjustment oil cylinder (152) is horizontal and the piston rod end is connected to the spacing adjustment frame (151); The invention also includes a distance adjustment frame (400), wherein the distance adjustment frame (400) is slidably arranged on an adjustment slide rod (410), wherein the adjustment slide rod (410) is horizontally fixed on a support base (200), and a distance adjustment nut (420) is provided on the distance adjustment frame (400), wherein the distance adjustment nut (420) cooperates with a distance adjustment screw rod (430), wherein the distance adjustment screw rod (430) is arranged in parallel with the adjustment slide rod (410), and one end of the distance adjustment screw rod (430) is connected to a distance adjustment hydraulic motor (431).

7. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first movable support plate (160) and a second support plate (170) are provided between adjacent support plates (100), one side of the first movable support plate (160) and the second support plate (170) are respectively hinged to one side of the adjacent support plate (100), the first movable support plate (160) and the second support plate (170) are hinged, the hinge axes on both sides of the first movable support plate (160) and the second support plate (170) are vertical and arranged along the length direction of the support plate (100), and the inner side surface of the support plate (100) and one end of the connecting arm (110) are connected to each other as a whole through a spherical connector; A dovetail groove (510) is provided on the pile platform at the bottom of the foundation pit, and a coupling boss (210) is provided on the lower plate surface of the support base (200), wherein the coupling boss (210) and the dovetail groove (510) form a snap-fit ​​or detachable fit.

8. The confined space foundation pit support device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two groups of the coupling bosses (210) are provided on the lower plate surface of the support base (200). The two groups of coupling bosses (210) are slidably connected to the support base (200). A clamping wedge (220) is provided between the two groups of coupling bosses (210). The clamping wedge (220) drives the two groups of coupling bosses (210) away from each other and clamps them with the dovetail groove (510).

9. A foundation pit support method in a confined space, characterized by: The construction is carried out using the support device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Hoist the support device into the foundation pit; Step 2: Fix the support base (200) to the bottom of the foundation pit to form a stable connection; Step 3: pre-adjusting the distance between the support base (200) and the side wall of the foundation pit, and the height of the support base (200); Step 4: According to the actual sudden change of the soil surrounding the foundation pit side wall, the support plate (100) is implemented to support the foundation pit side wall by adjusting the fine-tuning structure. At the same time, the spacing between the multiple support plates (100) is adjusted through the spacing adjustment structure.

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